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Transmission of Opisthorchis viverrini,Schistosoma mekongi and soil-transmitted helminthes on the Mekong Islands,Southern Lao PDR

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 1157-1171页

作者： Youthanavanh Vonghachack Peter Odermatt Keoka Taisayyavong Souphanh Phounsavath Kongsap Akkhavong Somphou Sayasone Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute BaselSwitzerland University of Basel BaselSwitzerland Faculty of Basic Sciences University of Health SciencesVientiane CapitalLao PDR Malariology Parasitology and Entomology StationChampasack provinceLao PDR Provincial Health Department Champasack provinceLao PDR National Institute of Public Health Ministry of HealthVientiane CapitalLao PDR

Background:Prevalence of Opisthorchis viverrini,Schistosoma mekongi and soil-transmitted helminths(STH)remains high in Lao People’s Democratic Republic(Lao PDR),despite control efforts including mass-drug administration,education and communication *** approaches are required to advance helminth ***:An ecohealth study was conducted on two Mekong islands in Southern *** and behavioural data were collected by *** and animal reservoir stools were *** *** Neotricula aperta snails were examined using *** water fish were examined using digestion *** random-effects analysis was used to find risk factors associated with helminth ***:Human infection rates with ***,hookworm,***,Trichuris trichiura,Ascaris lumbricoides and Taenia *** 60.7%,44.1%,22.2%,4.1%,0.6%and 0.1%,*** intensity infections were 4.2%,3.6%and 1.8%for ***,*** and hookworm,*** and *** infection rates among dogs and cats were 25.0%and 14.7%,*** the cats tested,53.1%were infected with *** of *** and *** in snails was 0.3%and 0.01%,*** prevalence of *** infection in fresh water fish was 26.9%,with the highest infection rates occurring in Hampala dispa(87.1%),Cyclocheilichthys apogon(85.7%)and Puntius brevis(40.0%).Illiteracy and lower socioeconomic status increased the risk of *** infection,while those aged 10-16 years and possessing latrines at home were less likely to be *** dogs and cats that consumed raw fish were significantly and positively associated with *** infection of the household *** ***,children under 9 years old were exposed significantly to this infection,compared to older age ***:There is a pressing need to design and implement an integrated helminth control intervention on the Mekong

关键词： Opisthorchis viverrini Schistosoma mekongi Animal hosts Bithynia species. Neotricula aperta Cyprinidae fish Southern Lao People's Democratic Republic Laos

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乌干达在接受抗病毒治疗的艾滋病病人中筛查活动性结核病的一个简单工具

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国际结核病与肺部疾病杂志 2010年第2期5卷 47-53页

作者： W.Were D.Moore P.Ekwaru G.Mwima R.Bunnell F.Kaharuza G.Rutherford J.Mermin 刘二勇(译) 王雪静(校) global AIDS Program Centers for Disease control and Prevention(CDC)-Uganda Entebbe Uganda British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS Vancouver Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of British Columbia British Columbia Canada CDC-Nairobl Kenya Institute for global Health University of California San Francisco California 不详

背景:在撒哈拉以南非洲地区,采用可靠的临床程序,对开始接受或已经接受抗病毒治疗的艾滋病病人进行活动性结核病筛查,可减少对诊断程序的需要。方法:我们对6个与结核病相关的症状和体征单独或组合在一起的效用进行了估计,并与乌干达卫... 详细信息

背景:在撒哈拉以南非洲地区,采用可靠的临床程序,对开始接受或已经接受抗病毒治疗的艾滋病病人进行活动性结核病筛查,可减少对诊断程序的需要。方法:我们对6个与结核病相关的症状和体征单独或组合在一起的效用进行了估计,并与乌干达卫生部对现患结核病(在评估抗病毒治疗资格时,作为基线)、抗病毒治疗早期(抗病毒治疗开始后的3个月内)结核病和新发结核病(抗病毒治疗3个月以后)的诊断指南进行了比较。结果:在1 995例接受抗病毒治疗资格筛查的HIV感染者中,71例(3.6%)被诊断患有结核病。对于预测活动性结核病而言,下列任一症状或体征:咳嗽≥3周,发热≥4周,淋巴结肿大或基线体质量指数≥18 kg/m^2,其灵敏度为99%(95%可信区间为96～100),特异度66%(95%可信区间为64～68),阴性预测值为100%(95%可信区间为99～100)。在抗病毒治疗随访期间,结核病发病率为2.4/100人年(95%可信区间为1.6～3.4)。出现咳嗽≥3周或全身乏力症状或体征的灵敏度为100%(95%可信区间为99～100),特异度为66%(95%可信区间为59～74),阴性预测值为100%(95%可信区间为99～100)。结论:在资源贫乏的非洲地区,应用简单的结核病筛查流程,可以准确地辨别出哪些HIV感染者需要接受进一步的结核诊断检查。

关键词：艾滋病病毒抗病毒治疗结核病筛查乌干达

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Orbit determination and time synchronization for BDS-3 satellites with raw inter-satellite link ranging observations

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Satellite Navigation 2020年第1期1卷 81-92页

作者： Rengui Ruan Xiaolin Jia Laiping Feng Jun Zhu Zongbo Huyan Jie Li Ziqing Wei Xi’an Research Institute of Surveying and Mapping Xi’an 710054China State Key Laboratory of Geo-information Engineering Xi’an 710054China Information Engineering University Zhengzhou 450001China China Xi’an Satellite control Center Xi’an 710043China State Key Laboratory of Astronautic Dynamics Xi’an 710043China

To provide competitive global positioning and timing services under the condition that monitoring stations are confined to Chinese territory,inter-satellite link(ISL)technology is used by the third-generation BeiDou Navigation Satellite System(BDS-3).The ISL,together with the dual one-way links between satellites and anchor stations,may enable autonomous navigation for *** this paper,we propose a general observation model for orbit determination(OD)and time synchronization(TS)directly using non-simultaneous observations,such as raw ISL *** the proposed model,satellite orbits,clocks,and hardware delay biases of ISL equipment can be determined simultaneously by jointly processing inter-satellite one-way pseudorange data and observation data from ground monitoring ***,autonomous OD and TS are also achievable with one-way pseudorange data from anchor stations and *** from eight BDS-3 satellites,two anchor stations,and seven monitoring stations located in China were collected to validate the proposed *** is shown that by jointly processing data from the ISL and seven monitoring stations,the RMS of overlap orbit differences in radial direction is 0.019 m,the overlap clock difference(95%)is 0.185 ns,and the stability of the estimated hardware delay biases for each satellite is greater than 0.5 *** with the results obtained with the seven stations,the improvements of orbits in radial direction and clocks are 95.7%and 90.5%,*** the hardware delay biases are fixed to predetermined values,the accuracies of orbits and clocks are further *** jointly processing pseudoranges from the satellites and the two anchor stations,the RMS of overlap orbit differences is 0.017 m in the radial direction,and the overlap clock difference(95%)is 0.037 *** has also been demonstrated that under the condition of one-way ranging links,the accuracies of orbits and clocks obtained by the above two modes are still signi

关键词： BDS-3 Inter-satellite link Anchor station Orbit determination Time synchronization Hardware delay bias

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Modeling of High-frequency Electromagnetic Oscillation for DC Fault in MMC-HVDC Systems

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2023年第3期9卷 1151-1160页

作者： Hong Shen Zhonghao Dongye Lei Qi Muxue Wang Xiangyu Zhang Peng Qiu Xiaoguang Wei State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China Electric Power Research Institute State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power CompanyHangzhou 310014China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Power Transmission Technology Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute Co.Ltd.Beijing 102209China

DC short-circuit faults pose a hazard to the operation of a modular multilevel converter(MMC)-based high voltage direct current(HVDC)system,necessitating reliable fault clearing solutions with rapid ***,because the parasitic capacitances of the main equipment oscillate with the lumped inductances of the HVDC system,strong electromagnetic oscillations with multiple frequencies occur during clearance *** oscillations will disturb the HVDC system’s protection and control ***,this paper focuses on the modeling of these ***,an equivalent circuit for the MMC-based HVDC system is proposed,taking into account the parasitic capacitances of the system’s major components,such as DC reactors,connecting cables,and DC circuit breakers(DCCBs).Second,four distinct oscillation stages are postulated based on action coordination of MMCs and DCCBs,and the associated analytical equations for the oscillation frequencies are ***,a 200 kV MMC-based DC converter station is subjected to an 6ms/6kA pole-to-pole(PTP)short-circuit *** oscillations have a frequency range of several kHz to several hundreds of *** measured waveforms correspond well with simulated results,including the parasitic ***,the relative errors between the simulated and measured frequencies are less than 5%.

关键词： DC short-circuit fault electromagnetic oscillation MMC-HVDC parasitic parameter wide-band model

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Study on Rice Water Requirement of Liangping County under Climate Change Background

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Meteorological and Environmental Research 2014年第9期5卷 57-59页

作者： Gao Fei Qi Junsheng Wang Qinqin Zhang Ting Mou Xinli Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution control in Three Gorges Reservoir ( Chongqing Three Gorges University )

Under global climate change background,using daily meteorological data at Liangping ground meteorological station during 1961- 2012,we calculated crop water requirement and net irrigation water requirement during rice growth period in Liangping County,and analyzed its climate tendency rate. Results showed that climate tendency rate of crop water requirement during growth period of rice was only- 0. 007 mm /10 a; climate tendency rate of rainfall was- 0. 06 mm /10 a,but interannual change was relatively larger; climate tendency rate of net irrigation water requirement was 0. 011 mm /10 a. In the years when drought occurred,such as 2006 and 2011,both rice water requirement and net irrigation water requirement in Liangping were greatly higher than means over the years. Therefore,we should focus on drought pre-warning and risk management improving drought disaster prevention in Liangping in the future.

关键词： Liangping County Rice Crop water requirement Net irrigation water requirement Climate change China

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21st century critical care medicine:An overview

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2024年第1期13卷 1-14页

作者： Smitesh Padte Vikramaditya Samala Venkata Priyal Mehta Sawsan Tawfeeq Rahul Kashyap Salim Surani Department of Research Global Remote Research Scholars ProgramSt.PaulMN 55104United States Department of Hospital Medicine Cheshire Medical Center/Dartmouth HealthKeeneNH 03431United States Department of Research WellSpan HealthYorkPA 17403United States Department of Pulmonary&Critical Care Medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Medicine&Pharmacology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843United States

Critical care medicine in the 21st century has witnessed remarkable advancements that have significantly improved patient outcomes in intensive care units(ICUs).This abstract provides a concise summary of the latest developments in critical care,highlighting key areas of *** advancements in critical care include Precision Medicine:Tailoring treatments based on individual patient characteristics,genomics,and biomarkers to enhance the effectiveness of *** objective is to describe the recent advancements in Critical Care ***:The integration of telehealth technologies for remote patient monitoring and consultation,facilitating timely *** intelligence(AI):AI-driven tools for early disease detection,predictive analytics,and treatment optimization,enhancing clinical *** Support:Advanced life support systems,such as Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation and Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy provide better organ *** control:Innovative infection control measures to combat emerging pathogens and reduce healthcare-associated *** Strategies:Precision ventilation modes and lung-protective strategies to minimize ventilatorinduced lung *** Management:Early recognition and aggressive management of sepsis with tailored ***-Centered Care:A shift towards patient-centered care focusing on psychological and emotional wellbeing in addition to medical *** conducted a thorough literature search on PubMed,EMBASE,and Scopus using our tailored strategy,incorporating keywords such as critical care,telemedicine,and sepsis management.A total of 125 articles meeting our criteria were included for qualitative *** ensure reliability,we focused only on articles published in the English language within the last two decades,excluding animal studies,in vitro/molecular studies,and non-original data like editorials,letters,protocols,and conference abs

关键词： Critical care medicine Intensive care unit Precision medicine Telemedicine Artificial intelligence Organ support Sepsis Infection control Patient-centered care

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The interactive effects of nitrogen addition and increased precipitation on gross ecosystem productivity in an alpine meadow

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2022年第1期15卷 168-179页

作者： Ruo-Nan Shen Yang-Jian Zhang Jun-Tao Zhu Ning Chen Yao Chen Guang Zhao Yi-Xuan Zhu Ze Tang Wen-Yu Li Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research station Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130102China

The ecological consequences of precipitation change and increased atmospheric nitrogen(N)deposition have profound impacts on ecosystem CO2 exchange in grassland *** and N can largely influence grassland productivity,community composition and ecosystem ***,the influences of water and N addition on the ecosystem CO2 exchange of alpine grassland ecosystems remain unclear.A field manipulative experiment with water and N additions was conducted in an alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau over 4 years with contrasting precipitation *** were four treatments:control(Ctrl),N addition(N),water addition(W)and N and water addition(NW),each replicated three times.N addition,but not water addition,increased gross ecosystem productivity(GEP),plant biomass,community cover and community-weighted mean *** responses of ecosystem CO2 exchange to water and N addition varied between the wet and dry *** addition had a positive effect on net ecosystem carbon exchange(NEE)due to a larger increase in GEP than in ecosystem respiration(ER)only in the dry *** the contrary,N addition significantly enhanced ecosystem CO2 exchange only in the wet *** increased GEP in N addition was attributed to the larger increase in NEE than ***,N addition stimulated NEE mainly through increasing the cover of dominant *** observations highlight the important roles of precipitation and dominant species in regulating ecosystem CO2 exchange response to global environmental change in alpine grasslands.

关键词： ecosystem CO2 exchange water addition nitrogen addition plant functional groups alpine grassland

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Relative sea-level rising and its control strategy in coastal regions of China in the 21st century

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Science China Earth Sciences 2003年第1期46卷 74-83页

作者：武强郑铣鑫徐华应玉飞侯艳声谢晓程王世训 Department of Resources Exploitation Engineering China University of Mining and Technology Ningbo Municipal Bureau for Environment Protection Zhejiang General Monitoring station for Geo-environment Department of Foreign Languages Ningbo University

The Chinese coastal regions are the high risk areas of natural disasters for their lowland and weak and sensitive eco-evironment. The relative sea-level rising (RSLR), resulting from the piling of global sea-level rising and regional land subsidence, is to speed up in the 21st century. Certainly the RSLR will exacerbate the land submerging, the disaster from storm-tide and flood-waterlogging and the water shortage, and then affect urban withstanding function, construction safety and eco-resources. According to sustainable development theory, the sustainable utilization of resources and environment and sustainable development of economy and society can both be effectively achieved in coastal regions of China in the 21st century only by the implementation of controlling discharge of greenhouse gas, optimal exploitation of and artificial recharge of ground-water, systematic control of land subsidence, higher design standards for tide and flood controlengineering, improving urban anti-disaster ability, a study on strategy and policy for RSLR and establishment of forecast and pre-warning institution.

关键词： sustainable development, relative sea-level rising, land subsidence, control strategy, coastal region.

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Can Digital Intelligence and Cyber-Physical-Social Systems Achieve global Food Security and Sustainability?

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2023年第11期10卷 2070-2080页

作者： Yanfen Wang Mengzhen Kang Yali Liu Juanjuan Li Kai Xue Xiujuan Wang Jianqing Du Yonglin Tian Qinghua Ni Fei-Yue Wang College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049 Beijing Yanshan Earth Critical Zone National Research station University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408 State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and ResourcesInstitute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of Sciences(CASIA)Beijing 100190 School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Grassland Science Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture Qinghai UniversityXining 810016 Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXining 810001 Binzhou Institute of Technology Weiqiao-UCAS Science and Technology ParkBinzhou 256606China Beijing Yanshan Earth Critical Zone National Research station University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China Department of Engineering Science Faculty of Innovation EngineeringMacao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078 State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of Sciences(CASIA)Beijing 100190China Faculty of Innovation Engineering Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078 Beijing Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Systems and Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100098 State Key Laboratory for Management and control of Complex Systems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China IEEE

Plants sequester carbon through photosynthesis and provide primary productivity for the ecosystem. However, they also simultaneously consume water through transpiration, leading to a carbon-water balance relationship. Agricultural production can be regarded as a form of carbon sequestration *** the perspective of the natural-social-economic complex ecosystem, excessive water usage in food production will aggravate regional water pressure for both domestic and industrial purposes. Hence, achieving a harmonious equilibrium between carbon and water resources during the food production process is a key scientific challenge for ensuring food security and sustainability. Digital intelligence(DI) and cyber-physical-social systems(CPSS) are emerging as the new research paradigms that are causing a substantial shift in the conventional thinking and methodologies across various scientific fields, including ecological science and sustainability studies. This paper outlines our recent efforts in using advanced technologies such as big data, artificial intelligence(AI), digital twins, metaverses, and parallel intelligence to model, analyze, and manage the intricate dynamics and equilibrium among plants, carbon, and water in arid and semiarid ecosystems. It introduces the concept of the carbon-water balance and explores its management at three levels: the individual plant level, the community level, and the natural-social-economic complex ecosystem level. Additionally, we elucidate the significance of agricultural foundation models as fundamental technologies within this context. A case analysis of water usage shows that, given the limited availability of water resources in the context of the carbon-water balance, regional collaboration and optimized allocation have the potential to enhance the utilization efficiency of water resources in the river basin. A suggested approach is to consider the river basin as a unified entity and coordinate the relationship between the

关键词： Carbon-water balance decision-support digital intelligence(DI) foundation models planning

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Disentangling the factors that contribute to variation in forest biomass increments in the mid-subtropical forests of China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第4期27卷 919-930页

作者： Yin Ren Shanshan Chen Xiaohua Wei Weimin Xi Yunjian Luo Xiaodong Song Shudi Zuo Yusheng Yang Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health Key Laboratory of Urban Metabolism of Xiamen Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research station-NUEORS Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of British Columbia Okanagan Campus Department of Biological and Health Sciences Texas A&M University-Kingsville College of Environment and Natural Resources Zhejiang University Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes Ministry of Education Fujian Normal University

Mid-subtropical forests are the main vegetation type of global terrestrial biomes, and are critical for maintaining the global carbon balance. However, estimates of forest biomass increment in mid-subtropical forests remain highly uncertain. It is critically important to determine the relative importance of different biotic and abiotic factors between plants and soil, particularly with respect to their influence on plant regrowth. Consequently,it is necessary to quantitatively characterize the dynamicspatiotemporal distribution of forest carbon sinks at a regional scale. This study used a large, long-term dataset in a boosted regression tree（BRT） model to determine the major components that quantitatively control forest biomass increments in a mid-subtropical forested region（Wuyishan National Nature Reserve, China）. Long-term,stand-level data were used to derive the forest biomass increment, with the BRT model being applied to quantify the relative contributions of various biotic and abiotic variables to forest biomass increment. Our data show that total biomass（t） increased from 4.62 9 106 to 5.30 9 106 t between 1988 and 2010, and that the mean biomass increased from 80.19 ± 0.39 t ha-1（mean ± standard error） to 94.33 ± 0.41 t ha-1in the study region. The major factors that controlled biomass（in decreasing order of importance） were the stand, topography, and soil. Stand density was initially the most important stand factor, while elevation was the most important topographic factor. Soil factors were important for forest biomass increment but have a much weaker influence compared to the other two controlling factors. These results provide baseline information about the practical utility of spatial interpolationmethods for mapping forest biomass increments at regional scales.

关键词： biomass forests subtropical stand abiotic Castanopsis increment quantitatively uncertain accounted

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