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Evolution of Biochemical, Hematological, Inflammatory and Immunological Markers among Person Living with HIV-1 on ART in Burkina Faso

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2021年第2期11卷 104-121页

作者： S. Rokiatou Henry Yeri Esther Hien S. Guillaume Sanou Appollinaire Kima P. denise Ilboudo Elie Kabre Yves Traore Laboratoire national de Santé Publique (LnSP) Boulevard des Tensoba Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Biochimie et d’Immunologie Appliquée (LABIA) Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Science de la Vie et de la Terre Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre national de Recherche et de Formation sur le Paludisme (CnRFP) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Medecin Referent Communuty Association ALAVI Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Université de fada n’gourma Fada N’Gourma Burkina Faso

In Human immunodeficiency virus infected (HIV+) patients, deregulation of regulatory T (Treg) cells can be deleterious for the development of an efficient anti-HIV specific immune response with an inappropriate immune activation despite anti-retroviral therapy (ART). In addition, infection and ART have the potential to cause hematological and biochemical abnormalities that can lead to the discontinuation of ART. The aim of this study was to assess hematological, biochemical and immunological abnormalities in HIV+ patients’ naïve to ART and 6 months after ART initiation. In a cross-sectional study, 11 HIV+ patients and 09 healthy individuals (control group) were voluntarily recruited. At inclusion, blood samples were taken before administration of ART. All hematological, biochemical, immunological parameters and viral load were measured and assessed at inclusion (M0) and three and/or six months later (M3, M6). Higher level of white blood cells and CD4+ T lymphocytes (p = 0.032, 0.038 respectively) were observed in HIV+ patients. ART also had significantly effect on the level of red blood cells (p = 0.04) and Hb (p = 0.015). The inflammatory markers, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) that were significantly increased by HIV infection, tended to decrease for ESR and revert to levels similar to those of control for CRP. Analysis of CD4+CD25+ cells and CD4+Foxp3+CD25+ showed significantly elevated levels of activated form of all CD4+ cells and Treg cells. Interestingly, six months after initiation of ART, the average percentage of CD4+CD25+ was not significantly different from control group (p = 0.382). Our study provides information about the evolution of the activated form of all CD4 cells and Treg cells and points out the necessity to monitor hematological and biochemical parameters in order to detect and prevent toxicity, improve the quality of life and reduce the risk of mortality.

关键词： Biological Markers TReg ART HIV Burkina Faso

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Experimental Evaluating of the Physical, Mechanical and Durability Properties of natural, Recycled and Both Combined Aggregates Based Concretes

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2023年第3期14卷 117-141页

作者： Etienne Malbila Arba A.T. Ouedraogo nicolas Kagambega Gilbert G. nana Sié Kam David Y. K. Toguyeni Ecole Supérieure d’Ingénierie (ESI) Université de Fada N’Gourma (UFDG) Fada-N’Gourma Burkina Faso Laboratoire d’Energies Thermiques Renouvelables (LETRE) Université Joseph KI ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Géosciences et Environnement (LaGE) Université Joseph KI ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement (LPCE) Université Joseph KI ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Ecole Polytechnique de Ouagadougou (EPO) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

This experimental study aims at the reuse of recycled aggregates (RA), resulting from the demolition of concrete, cement block and cement mortar, in the manufacture of common construction in Burkina Faso. The RA can readily replace natural aggregates in concrete. Then five formulations of natural and recycled aggregates based concrete for characteristic strength of 25 Mpa were prepared in addition to the natural aggregates base concrete named reference concrete (Bn): two types of recycled aggregates concrete (BR), three types of recycles and natural combined aggregates base concrete (BC). The properties of natural and recycled aggregates were characterized and the physical, mechanical strength and durability properties were also evaluated for all concrete specimens. All the studied concrete formulation present a density between 2000 kg/m3 ≤ ρ ≥ 2600 kg/m3 and an average slump of 4.9 ± 0.1 cm. The obtained results indicate that the recycled aggregates are suitable for current concrete. Two out of the five combinations studied, such as the natural (Bn) and combined aggregate (BC2) based concretes satisfy the mechanical characteristics (Rc28 > 25 MPa) at 28 days of age and an average absorption coefficient of 2.93% and 3.98%. The recycled aggregate based concrete (BR1, BR2) and combined aggregate based concrete (BC1), gave respective average compressive strength of 21.55 MPa, 20.50 MPa and 20.30 MPa, i.e. a difference of 13.80% to 18.80% under the characteristic strength (25 MPa) aimed at 28 days of age. Thus, the recycled aggregates are in conformity with the normative prescriptions and their use for standard concrete gives adequate physical, mechanical and durability properties for the production of the C20/25 concrete series in the common civil engineering applications.

关键词： Concrete demolition Waste Aggregate Recycled Aggregate Strength Water Absorption

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Understanding the Artisanal Mining of the Pissy Granite Quarry Using the Problem-in-Context Framework (PiC)

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2021年第7期9卷 35-45页

作者： Michelline Marie Regina Kansole Moussa Compaore Anselme Bagoro Maryam Tamboura Kpiebote Palenfo Seta naba University of fada n’gourma Laboratory of Geoscience and Mining Environment (LaGE) Fada N’Gourma Burkina Faso University Joseph KI-ZERBO Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry of Natural Products (LABIOCA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso University Joseph KI-ZERBO Promotion Center for Development and Environmental Protection (CEPAPE) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso University Joseph KI-ZERBO Laboratory of Geoscience and Mining Environment (LaGE) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The Pissy granite quarry of Ouagadougou in Burkina Faso exists since 2006, and it is a source of financial incomes for many poor families working there. The Problem-In-Context framework (PiC), lead the current study to understand better the quarry exploitation and structuration. Different motivations guide the quarry actors. Through those motivations, different solutions were suggested, mainly the shutdown of the quarry as the best way to decrease the impacts of the quarry exploitation on the environment, particularly regarding the air pollution and the loss of biodiversity in the area. The Pissy granite quarry is not recognized by the country’s legislation and this study is presenting the site organization. They are three main actors on the site and the tertiary actors are the ones having more incomes comparing to the primary and secondary actors of the chain. There is a need to evaluate the shell life of the quarry if the shutdown is not the final option chosen by the country. This evaluation should be a way to restructure the field and to have more incomes from it. Many standards exist in the country to guide the quarries and mines exploitation but they do not have impact on the Pissy granite quarry because of its non-reorganization.

关键词： Burkina Faso Granite Mining Quarry Ouagadougou Problem-in-Context (PiC) Environment

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Production of Vinegar Mango Using Acetobacter tropicalis CRSBAn-BVA1 and CRSBAn-BVK2 Isolated from Burkina Faso

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Food and nutrition Sciences 2023年第1期14卷 26-37页

作者： Assiètta Ouattara Marius K. Somda Cheik A. T. Ouattara Yerobessor Dabiré Mahamadi nikiéma Alfred S. Traoré Aboubakar S. Ouattara Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Biotechnologies Microbiennes (LAMBM) Centre de Recherche en Sciences Biologiques Alimentaires et Nutritionnelles (CRSBAN) Département de Biochimie et Microbiologie Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Biochimie Biotechnologie Technologie Alimentaire et Nutrition (LABIOTAN) Centre de Recherche en Sciences Biologiques Alimentaires et Nutritionnelles (CRSBAN) Département de Biochimie et Microbiologie Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Université de fada n’gourma Institut Supérieur du Développement Durable (ISDD) Fada N’Gourma Burkina Faso

Production and quality of vinegar from mango juice was evaluated using a two steps production procedure. The first step of fermentation was done using Saccharomyces cerevisae KVL013 for 7 days. The second step, an acetic fermentation was realized using two acetic acid bacteria: A. tropicalis CRSBAn-BVA1 and A. tropicalis CRSBAn-BVK2 for 21 days. Several parameters of the vinegar produced such as physico-chemical and sensory properties were determined. Microbial density during each step was monitored. Results showed that pH, alcoholic and acetic acid contents of vinegar were respectively 2.97%, 7% and 4.54% g/ml respectively by using A. tropicalis CRSBAn-BVA1 and 3.02%, 7% and 4.32% g/ml with A. tropicalis CRSBAn-BVK2. Sensory evaluation revealed that the vinegar was acceptable to the panellists. Results of microbial density showed that the maximum concentration of cell biomass produced was 4.32 × 108 and 4.25 × 108 CFU/ml respectively for CRSBAn-BVA1 and CRSBAn-BVK2.

关键词： Mango Saccharomyces cerevisae Acetobacter tropicalis Fermentation Vinegar

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Durability of Lightweight Concrete Using Oil Palm Shell as Aggregates

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2021年第1期11卷 1-13页

作者： Yasmine Binta Traore Adamah Messan Kinda Hannawi Jean Gerard William Prince François Tsobnang Université de fada n’gourma/Ecole Supérieure d’Ingénierie (ESI) Fada N’Gourma Burkina Faso Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (2iE) Laboratoire Eco-Matériaux et Habitats Durables (LEMHaD) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institut national des Sciences Appliquées de Rennes (InSA-Rennes) Laboratoire de Génie Civil et de Génie Mécanique (LGCGM) Rennes France Centre de Coopération International en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD) Unité de recherche Biomass Wood Energy and Bioproducts (BioWooEB) Montpellier France

Oil Palm Shell (OPS) concrete can be used in different fields of construction. To determine more accurately the fields of application, it is important to know and understand the behaviour of OPS concrete over then>n> long term and when it is in aggressive environments. This paper presents the results of studies conducted on the durability of OPS concrete. Water absorption capacity, electrical resistivity and apparent diffusion of chloride ions have been measured on different concrete samples. In addition, the behaviour of OPS concretes to carbonation was studied in an environment rich in carbon dioxide. Results show that OPS concrete han>n>sn>n> an absorptivity of 0.97 kg/m2n>n>n>·n>n>h1/2, an electrical resistivity of 64.37 Ωn>n>n>·n>n>m and an apparent diffusion coefficient of chloride ions of 3.84n>n>n style="font-family:Verdana;">n style="font-family:Verdana;">n style="font-family:Verdan

关键词： Oil Palm Shell Lightweight Concrete Durability Carbonation

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Clinical and Paraclinical Profiling of Patients with Viral Hepatitis B and C Attending Saint Camille Hospital in Ouagadougou (HOSCO)

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第10期11卷 225-240页

作者： Théodora Mahoukèdè Zohoncon denise P. Ilboudo Lionel Dahourou Titeon Rose Clémence Ido Da Luc Zongo Jacques Simpore Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire H&ocircpital Saint Camille de Ouagadougou (HOSCO) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Faculté des Sciences de la Santé (FSDS) Université Saint Thomas d’Aquin (USTA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institut Supérieur du Développement Durable (ISDD) Université de Fada N’Gourma Fada N’Gourma Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGEnE) UFR/SVT Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (UFR/SDS) Université Saint Dominique d’Afrique de l’Ouest Kombissiri Burkina Faso

The present study aims to describe the clinical and paraclinical profile of patients infected by viral hepatitis B and C and follow-up. The clinical and paraclinical data used in this description are from patients infected by viral hepatitis B and C of the HOSCO Hepato-Gastroenterological department from May 15, 2021 to July 23, 2021. The informed consent was provided to each patient included in this study. “Univariate analyses were evaluated using Pearson’s Chi2 test” using R software version 4.0.2. During the study period, we identified 149 patients with viral hepatitis B and/or C who met our inclusion criteria. The sex ratio was 0.83 at the rate of 68 men for 81 women with the average age at 37.17 years ± 12.21 years. The most represented age group was 30 - 44 years (49.7%). The most incriminated risk factors were medical care by injection (62.58%), excision (31.90%), blood transfusion (4.29%) and scarification (1.23%). HBV infection was the majority with a frequency of 95.97%. The HBV viral load was measured in 91.95% of patients, 77.18% of whom had a detectable DnA viral load ≤ 2000 IU/mL. The clinical and biological course was good in patients after therapeutic initiation. HBV-HCV-HIV co-infection was 0.67%. Abdominal ultrasound was normal in 87.92% of patients. Fibrosis was minimal and moderate in 58.39% and 19.46% of patients. Among patients, 52.35% were on Tenofovir therapy, 2.68% on Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir, 0.67% on ARVs and 44.29% did not require treatment. Viral hepatitis B and C are common, and both affect sex. Thus, new screening strategies need to be implemented to improve the diagnosis of hepatitis B and C. Effective strategies against viral hepatitis B and C must be developed, subsequently.

关键词： Hepatitis B and C Co-Infection Primary Liver Cancer (PLC) Cirrhosis HOSCO

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Impacts of Agricultural Activities on Land degradation along the Bomboré River in Burkina Faso

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第2期14卷 176-195页

作者： Joseph nomwindé Kabore Elie Serge Gaëtan Sauret Wennegouda Jean Pierre Sandwidi Raoul Christian Ouedraogo Brahima Sorgho Senghor Campus Senghor University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso General Office of Plants Productions Ministry of Agriculture Animal and Fishery Resources Ouagadougou Burkina Faso national Center for Scientific and Technological Research/national Institute for the Environment and Agricultural Research Farak&#244ba Research Station Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Higher School of Engineering University of Fada N’Gourma Fada N’Gourma Burkina Faso Alliance for the Green Revolution Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Molecular Chemistry and Materials Laboratory Joseph KI-ZERBO University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Land along the Bomboré River in the rural commune of Mogtédo in Burkina Faso is experiencing degradation. The explanatory causes of this degradation constitute the subject of this study. To do this, a survey was conducted among agricultural producers deployed along the watercourse. Soil profiles were described and samples were taken to analyze pH, soil organic carbon, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, and texture. The RUSLE model approach based on landstat8 OLI/TIRS and SRTM satellite images dated december 17, 2021 with fairly good radiometric, spatial, and spectral resolution was used to calculate the land loss rate. In terms of results, the potentially irrigable areas that spread out on both sides of the banks of the river cover 209.23 ha with a perimeter of 6.16 km. The number of irrigators is 26 producers and they grow 17.92 ha of vegetables. Soil analyzes indicate the presence of a moderate acid on the vertisol with a pH between 5.57 and 5.86. On the depth 0 - 30 cm of the horizon, the color of the horizons ranges from 5YR4/2 on the talweg and on the right bank to 7.5YR3/2 on the left bank and presents no risk of salinity because the electrical conductivity measured is less than 1dS/cm. The diagnosis of hydromechanical equipment shows that producers use 46 motor pumps for irrigation, of which 15 motor pumps run on gasoline and 31 motor pumps on butane gas with a ratio of 1.7 motor pumps per producer. The number of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) pipes used by producers in combination with a motor pump gives an average of 44 per farmer. In terms of mineral fertilization, the gross doses used by producers are 415.53 kg/ha of nPK and 201.55 kg/ha of urea, while the quantities of phytosanitary products are 3.99 l/ha of pesticides and 1.42 l/ha of herbicides. Agricultural activities emit about 222,436.66 kgCO2eq into the atmosphere, whose emissions from motor pumps represent 84.52% of these total emissions. The land loss estimate gives an average rate of 2.30

关键词： Agricultural Irrigation Land degradation RUSLE Model Erosion Rate Environment

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Hepatitis B and C Immunological and Molecular Parameter Analysis in HIV-Positive Patients Undergoing Antiretroviral Therapy at Saint Camille Hospital in Ouagadougou (HOSCO), Burkina Faso

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2022年第1期12卷 20-41页

作者： denise P. Ilboudo W. W. Eudoxie Kévine Savadogo Théodora M. Zohoncon Estelle Savadogo Yéri Esther Hien Lassina Traore Djéneba Ouermi Wendkuuni Florencia Djigma Christelle M. nadembega Marius Belemgnegre Paul Ouedraogo Mahamoudou Sanou Damintoti Simplice Karou Yves Traore Jacques Simpore Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Molecular Genetics (LABIOGEnE) UFR/SVT University Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso University of fada n’gourma Fada N’Gourma Burkina Faso Laboratory of Biochemistry and Applied Immunology University Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Biomolecular Research Center Pietro Annigoni (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Université Saint Thomas d’Aquin Faculté de Médecine Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Hopital Saint Camille Ouagadougou (HOSCO) Ouagadougou Burkina Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Science de la Santé (UFR/SDS) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO (UJKZ) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Ecole Supérieure des Techniques Biologiques et Alimentaires (ESTBA-UL) Université de Lomé Lomé Togo

Knowledge of the clinical and biological profile of patients infected with HIV and hepatitis B and/or C is essential in order to identify and implement effective management strategies. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study from January 01, 2016 to June 01, 2021. Adult patients aged at least 18 years infected with HIV type 1 and/or 2, na?ve to ARV treatment. Univariate analyses were assessed using Pearson’s Chi2 test. The Student newman test was used for comparison between groups using R software version 4.0.2. Objective: To draw up the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical and evolutionary profiles of HIV-treated-patients in relation to HIV/HBV and HIV/HCV co-infections in order to allow the identification and the implementation of effective management strategies. Results: Of the 379 patients included 280 (73.88%) were women. At treatment initiation, the mean age was 40.14 ± 11.84 years. The majority of patients consulted at WHO stage III (51.45%). Clinical suspicion was the most frequent screening circumstance (51.71%). The pathologies frequently reported at the first consultation were diarrhea (28%) and shingles (16%). Body mass index was normal in 50.5% of patients. HIV1 infection was the majority (91.03%). A total of 270 had a CD4 count at treatment initiation. The mean CD4 cell count was 304.17 ± 242.06 cells/μL, and 116 (42.59%) of them had a CD4 ≤ 200 cells/μL. Viral load at treatment initiation was documented in 62 patients (16.35%) and 70.97% of them had a detectable viral load (greater than 1000 copies/mL). The clinical and biological evolution was relatively good in patients after therapeutic initiation. HIV-HBV co-infection was 24.11% and HIV-HCV co-infection was 2.26%. The mortality rate was 3.69%. Conclusion: These results reflect a significant delay in HIV infection diagnosis. Furthermore, hepatitis B and/or C is co-infections that increasingly affect people living with HIV. It also appears that COVID 19 disease has had a strong impact

关键词： HIV Clinical-Biological Profile Hepatitis B and C Co-Infection Burkina Faso

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Comparative Study of the Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Foamed Concrete with Local Materials

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2022年第3期10卷 550-564页

作者： Adelaïde Lareba Ouédraogo Sayouba Kabré Etienne Malbila Abdoulaye Compaoré Ramatou Saré Paul Ilboudo Sié Kam Bruno Korgo Dieudonné Joseph Bathiebo Florent P. Kieno Philippe Blanchard Département de Physique Laboratoire d’Energies Thermiques Renouvelables (LETRE) Faculté des Sciences Exactes et Appliquées (UFR/SEA) Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologies Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Département de Physique Laboratoire des Matériaux et Environnement (LAME) Faculté des Sciences Exactes et Appliquées (UFR/SEA) Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologies Université de Ouagadougou Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Département de Physique Université de Fada N’Gourma Fada Burkina Faso Département de Physique Chimie Institut de Recherche sur les Céramiques (IRCER) Limoge France

Living in a habitat with comfort is requested by all. Cinder block bricks have poor thermal properties, leading people to use fan heaters and air conditioners to regain comfort. To overcome this problem of thermal discomfort in buildings, we used lightweight concrete such as foamed concrete which is a material that has improved thermal properties for thermal comfort. In addition, this material was compared with local materials used for the construction of buildings such as BTC, adobe and BLT mixed with binders. The results showed that foamed concrete is a material that has good thermal and mechanical properties compared to local materials mixed with binders. The foamed concrete having acceptable thermo-mechanical properties was that having a density of 930 kg/m3. It has a thermal resistance of 0.4 m2·K/W for a thickness of 20 cm. The foamed concrete having acceptable thermo-mechanical properties was that having a density of 930 kg/m3. It has a thermal resistance of 0.4 m2·K/W for a thickness of 20 cm. For sunshine on a daily cycle equal to 12 hours, the characteristic thickness achieved by this material is 7.29 cm. It also has a shallow depth of heat diffusion having a lower thickness than other materials. This shows that foamed concrete is a promising material for the construction of buildings.

关键词： Foamed Concrete Thermo-Mechanical Properties Comparison Local Materi-als

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Hydrogeophysical Characterization of a Fractured Aquifer by Using Cumulative Resistivity Method:Case Study of Obuasi Aquifer(Ghana)

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2022年第5期11卷 182-193页

作者： Hamma Fabien Yonli Mahamadou Koïta Younaise Sounkanmi Olouwachéyi Adéotan Elisabeth Darko Ecole Supérieure d’Ingénierie Universitéde Fada N’GourmaBP 54 Fada N’GourmaBurkina Faso Laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de l’Environnement(LPCE) UniversitéJoseph KI-ZERBOBP 7021 Ouagadougou 03Burkina Faso Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement Rue de la Science01 BP 594 OuagadougouBurkina Faso Ghana Water Company Limited(GWCL) P.O.Box 377Adum KumasiGhana

Knowledge of the structure and geometry of aquifers is an important prerequisite when one wishes to sit a *** knowledge is currently obtained by VES(Vertical Electrical Soundings)whose interpretation is not always unequivocal in the sense that several resistivity models derived from VES can explain the same data *** present study conducted in Obuasi region in Ghana aims at demonstrating the robustness of“cumulative resistivity”method in the characterization of the geometry of *** methodology developed consisted firstly in carrying out *** measurements were then interpreted using“cumulative resistivity method”.Secondly,drillings are conducted at the VES sites and lithologs established from cuttings were compared to the results from VES *** study reveals that the investigated aquifer consists of a resistant layer consisting of phyllite over 30-40 m topped by a conductive layer of reddish clay 20-30 m *** two layers rest on a lower electrical conductivity formation *** description can be considered as a typical alteration profile in a volcano sedimentary *** results also show that the method is quite precise in half of the cases studied but sometimes it is impossible to get rid of the phenomenon of suppression since several layers are merged into a single layer.

关键词： Aquifer cumulative resistivity drilling alteration

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