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Selection criteria of MPOB-Angola germplasm collection for yield improvement of the oil palm

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oil crop Science 2024年第1期9卷 20-28页

作者： A.Norziha Z.Zamri Y.Zulkifli A.M.Fadila M.Marhalil Malaysian palm oil Board 6Persiaran InstitusiBandar BaruBangi43000KajangSelangorMalaysia institute of System Biology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600BangiSelangorMalaysia

oil palm germplasm collected from Angola,Africa in 1991 were subjected to genetic variability potential studies.The collection was planted in the form of open-pollinated families as trials at the Malaysian palm oil Board(MPOB)Kluang research Station,Johor,Malaysia,in 1994.Dura palms from 52 families and tenera palms from 44 families of MPOB-Angola were evaluated for their bunch yield and bunch quality components.The objectives of this study were to determine the genetic variability among the families and performance of MPOB-Angola germplasm for yield improvement.The analysis of variance(ANOVA)revealed highly significant differences between the dura and tenera families for most of the traits,suggesting the presence of high genetic variability,which is essential for breeding programmes.Among the duras,family AGO 02.02 displayed the best yield performance,with a high fresh fruit bunch,oil yield and total economic product at 240.40,29.46 and 37.93 kg palm^(-1)year^(-1),respectively.As for the teneras,family AGO 03.04 recorded the highest FFB yield and oil yield at 249.25 and 45.22 kg palm^(-1)year^(-1),respectively.Besides that,several families with big fruit sizes or producing a mean fruit weight of 14-17 g were also identified.Both dura and tenera from AGO 01.01 recorded the highest oil to bunch(O/B)of 17.76%and 28.65%,respectively.These findings will facilitate the selection of palms from the MPOB-Angola germplasm for future breeding programmes.

关键词： oil palm Germplasm Genetic variability Heritability Yield improvement

Hydrodynamics and OcM reaction performance in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor and a riser reactor

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Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 188-204页

作者： Min cai Shuangzhu Kong Sheng chen Mengxi Liu chunxi Lu State Key Laboratory of Heavy oil Processing China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China china Special Equipment Inspection and research institute Beijing102249China

The reasonable reactor design is of great importance for increasing the c_(2) yield(c2H4 and c2H6)of the oxidative coupling of methane(OcM),and the OcM reactor should remove the heat released in reactions quickly and efficiently and minimize the consecutive reaction of ethylene to carbon oxides.The fluidized bed reactor is characterized by excellent heat transfer,superior mass transport,and large handling capacity,while fewer studies focused on large-scale fluidized bed reactors for the OcM reaction.Therefore,large cold-model experiments and computational fluid dynamics simulations were conducted to investigate hydrodynamics and the OcM reaction performance in a large-scale bubbling fluidized bed(BFB)and a large-scale riser.In the BFB reactor,consecutive reactions of ethylene are acute because of the strong gas back-mixing,high solids holdup,and non-uniform solids distribution.While the consecutive reactions of ethylene are negligible due to the plug flow structure and low solids holdup in the riser reactor.Further,both reactors can achieve isothermal operation for the OcM process.The c_(2) selectivity of 45.4% and c_(2) yield of 21.1% are obtained in the riser reactor,increasing by 20.3% and 5.8% individually than that in the BFB reactor.This study provides useful information and reference to the OcM reactor designandcommercialization.

关键词： Oxidative coupling of methane Bubbling fluidized bed reactor Riser reactor Hydrodynamics Isothermal operation

Efficient contact between H_(2)O and N-coordinate Ru Nanoparticles in Three-Dimensionally Ordered Macro/Mesoporous carbon Boosting Alkaline HER

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chinese Journal of chemistry 2024年第2期42卷 164-170页

作者： Jiaqing Luo chunyu Liu Ruolin Zhang Yuanqing Sun Hua Xu Qingying Hu Manxue Zhang Jun Li Zhenxing Li Weiyu Song Yuechang Wei Jian Liu State Key Laboratory of Heavy oil and Bejing Key Lab of oil&Gas Optical Detection Technology China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China Laboratory of Heavy oil at Karamay Ching University of Petroleum-Beijing at KaramayKaramayXinjiang 83400China Basic research center for Energy Interdisciplinary College of ScienceChina University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China Petrochemical research institute PetroChina Company LimitedBeijing 102206China BeijingNationalLaboratoryfor condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

In this study,a novel approach is proposed to achieve the uniformly dispersed Ru nanoparticles with N coordination loaded on three-dimensionally ordered macro/mesoporous carbon(3DOMMc)through simultaneous pyrolysis of Ru^(3+)and cyanamide on 33DOMMc.In an alkaline medium,the synthesized catalysts exhibit exceptional hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)performance.Specificall,Ru-N/3DOMMc demonstrates a significantly low overpotential of 13.8 mV to achieve acrent density of 10 mA.cmzandit exhibits a mass activity 17.5 times higher than that of commercial Pt/c.The outstanding performance could be attributed to the ultrahigh Ru dispersion and more efficient contact between active sites and reactant,which derived from the large specific surface area and interconnective three-dimensionally macro/mesopores of 3DOMMc.

关键词： 3DOMMc Hydrogen evolution reaction Electrocatalysis Solid-liquid contact Energy conversion

Effects of synthesis parameters on the performance of crosslinked co-polymers with clays for conformance control

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Petroleum research 2024年第1期9卷 98-108页

作者： A.A.Roslan N.A.A.Aziz N.F.A.Deraman I.Dzulkarnain Petroleum Engineering Department Centre of Research Enhanced Oil Recovery(COREOR)Universiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri IskandarPerakMalaysia chemical Engineering Department Centre of Research Enhanced Oil Recovery(COREOR)Universiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri IskandarPerakMalaysia

conformance control or water shut-off is a technique used to improve oil recovery.During conformance control,polymers block high permeability water areas and redistribute water drive toward unswept oil zones.In this study,co-polymers(denoted ATP-PGV/AM-co-AMPS)were synthesized using acrylamide(AM)and 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid(AMPS)as the monomers,polyethylene glycol(PEG)-200 and methylenebisacrylamide(MBA)as the crosslinkers,attapulgite(ATP)and bentonite(PGV)as the clay types,and ammonium persulfate(APS)as the initiator,in addition to paraffin oil and surfactants.Samples were synthesized using inverse emulsion polymerization with different concentrations of monomers,crosslinkers,and clays,and they were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX).FTIR spectra of the samples confirmed the existence of sulfonate and hydroxyl groups,which are important for polymer swelling.SEM-EDX images indicated that the morphology and elemental composition were different before and after swelling,confirming the occurrence of swelling.Moreover,samples were placed in sodium chloride solution(20,000 ppm)for 7 days to evaluate swelling at both room temperature and 90°c.Thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)and differential scanning calorimetry(DSc)were used to determine the thermal characteristics of the microparticles.Finally,rheological measurements were used to assess the deformation and rheological behavior of the hydrogels.The results showed that after 1 day,good swelling without loss of mechanical strength was achieved with the composite synthesized using 10%AM,15%AMPS,6%PGV,and 10%ATP.

关键词： Polymer clay Water shut-off conformance Swelling

In situ modification of heavy oil catalyzed by nanosized metal-organic framework at mild temperature and its mechanism

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chinese Journal of chemical Engineering 2024年第3期67卷 166-173页

作者： Li Wang Ji-Xiang Guo Rui-Ying Xiong chen-Hao Gao Xiao-Jun Zhang Dan Luo The Unconventional oil and Gas institute China University of Petroleum-BeijingBeijing 102200China Beijing institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101400China

Two catalysts, nano-sized cobalt-metal-organic framework(co-MOF) and nickel(Ni)-MOF, were successfully prepared by the modification method. Tetralin(c10H12) was used as the hydrogen donor for the catalytic cracking and hydrogenation modification study of the dehydrated crude oil from the Shengli oilfield. The optimal reaction conditions were determined through orthogonal experiments, and the components of the crude oil and modified oil samples were analyzed. The results revealed that the nanoMOF catalysts were successfully prepared and exhibited high catalytic activity. They could catalyze the cracking of large molecules in heavy oil at mild temperatures(c), leading to the decomposition of the hydrogen donor. When the mass fraction of the catalyst was 0.2%, the mass fraction of the hydrogen donor was 1%, and the reaction temperature was 280°c, the Ni-MOF showed the best catalytic viscosity reduction effect. It could reduce the viscosity of heavy oil at 50°c from 15761.9 m Pa.s to 1266.2 m Pa.s,with a viscosity reduction rate of 91.97%. The modification effect of co-MOF was the next best, which could reduce the viscosity of heavy oil to 2500.1 m Pa.s with a viscosity reduction rate of 84.14%. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed a strong interaction force between the MOF surface and asphaltene molecules. In the process of heavy-oil catalytic hydrogenation, the nano-MOF catalyst exhibited high catalytic activity. On the one hand, the empty d orbitals outside the metal atoms in the catalyst could polarize the carbon atoms in the organic matter, accelerating the breaking of long chains. On the other hand, the metal atoms in the catalyst could bond with the carbon σ bonds, breaking the carbon-carbon bonds. This disrupted the structure of the recombined components in the crude oil, irreversibly reducing the viscosity of the heavy oil and improving its fluidity.

关键词： Nano-sized MOF Petroleum Viscosity reduction catalyst Nanomaterials

A tectono-thermal perspective on the petroleum generation,accumulation and preservation in the southern Ordos Basin, North china

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1459-1473页

作者： Peng Yang Zhan-Li Ren Jin-Hua Fu Hong-Ping Bao Hui Xiao Zheng Shi Kun Wang Yuan-Yuan Zhang Wen-Hui Liu Wen-Hou Li State Key Laboratory of continental Dynamics Department of Geology Northwest University National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low-Permeability oil and Gas Fields Exploration and Development Research Institute of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company Shaanxi Key Lab of Petroleum Accumulation Geology School of Earth Science and Engineering Xi'an Shiyou University Wuxi research institute of Petroleum Geology Petroleum Exploration and Production Research InstituteSINOPEC

The southern Ordos Basin has excellent petroleum exploration prospects. However, the tectono-thermal history and the controls on petroleum generation, accumulation and preservation conditions in southern basin are unclear. In this study, we analyzed the present geothermal field, paleo-geothermal gradient,maturity of the hydrocarbon source rocks, uplift and cooling process and tectono-thermal evolution history. In the study area, for the Ordovician, Permain and the Triassic strata, the present temperature is low（30 70°c） in the southeastern area but high（80 140°c） in the northwestern area. The paleogeothermal gradient varied from 24°c/km to 30°c/km with a heat flow of 58—69 m W/m2（i.e., a medium-temperature basin）. The paleo-temperatures are higher than the present temperatures and the maximum paleo-temperatures controlled the thermal maturity of the source rocks. The vitrinite reflectance（Ro） values of the Triassic strata are >0.7% and the thermal maturity reached the middlemature oil generation stage. The Rovalues of the Permian-Ordovician strata are >1.8% and the thermal maturity reached the over-mature gas generation stage. The southern Ordos Basin has experienced the multiple tectonic events at the Late Ordovician caledonian（452 Ma）, Late Triassic（215 Ma）, Late Jurassic（165 160 Ma）, End-Early cretaceous（110 100 Ma） and cenozoic（since 40 Ma）. A large-scale tectonothermal event occurred at the End-Early cretaceous（110 100 Ma）, which was controlled by lithospheric extension, destruction and thinning. This event led to the highest paleo-temperatures and thermal maturities and coeval with the peak period of petroleum generation and accumulation. The southern Ordos Basin has undergone rapid and large-scale uplift since the Late cretaceous due to expansion of the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, uplift of the Qinling orogenic belt and thrust faulting in the Liupanshan tectonic belt. The southern Ordos Basin experienced tectonic overprinting that was strong in the south and weak in the north. The strongest

关键词： Fission-track dating Vitrinite reflectance Geothermal field Tectono-thermal evolution Petroleum geology Ordos Basin

A micro-crosslinked amphoteric hydrophobic association copolymer as high temperature-and salt-resistance fluid loss reducer for water-based drilling fluids

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1980-1991页

作者： Jian Li Yu-Xi Ji Xiao-Xiao Ni Kai-He Lv Xian-Bin Huang Jin-Sheng Sun School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China) Key Laboratory of Unconventional oil & Gas Development China University of Petroleum(East China) Inspection and Testing center of Huabei oil Field company PetroChina Drilling Fluid research institute CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited

During ultradeep oil and gas drilling, fluid loss reducers are highly important for water-based drilling fluids, while preparing high temperature-and salt-resistance fluid loss reducers with excellent rheology and filtration performance remains a challenge. Herein, a micro-crosslinked amphoteric hydrophobic association copolymer(i.e., DADc) was synthesized using N,N-dimethyl acrylamide, diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, hydrophobic monomer, and pentaerythritol triallyl ether crosslinker. Due to the synergistic effects of hydrogen bonds, electrostatic interaction, hydrophobic association, and micro-crosslinking, the DADc copolymer exhibited outstanding temperature-and salt-resistance. The rheological experiments have shown that the DADc copolymer had excellent shear dilution performance and a certain degree of salt-responsive viscosity-increasing performance. The DADc copolymer could effectively adsorb on the surface of bentonite particles through electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonds, which bring more negative charge to the bentonite, thus improving the hydration and dispersion of bentonite particles as well as the colloidal stability of the drilling fluids. Moreover, the drilling fluids constructed based on the DADc copolymer exhibited satisfactory rheological and filtration properties(FLHTHP= 12 m L) after aging at high temperatures(up to200°c) and high salinity(saturated salt) environments. Therefore, this work provided new insights into designing and fabricating high-performance drilling fluid treatment agents, demonstrating good potential applications in deep and ultradeep drilling engineering.

关键词： Fluid loss reducer Temperature- and salt-resistance Hydrophobic association Amphoteric Micro-crosslinking

combined use of fly ash and silica to prevent the long-term strength retrogression of oil well cement set and cured at HPHT conditions

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 1122-1134页

作者： Guo-Dong cheng Xue-Yu Pang Jin-Sheng Sun Zheng-Song Qiu chuang-chuang Wang Jian-Kun Qin Ning Li School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580ShandongChina National Key Laboratory of Deep oil and Gas China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580ShandongChina oil and Gas Engineering research institute(Tarim oilfield company) China National Petroleum CorporationTarim841000XinjiangChina

The long-term strength retrogression of silica-enriched oil well cement poses a significant threat to wellbore integrity in deep and ultra-deep wells, which is a major obstacle for deep petroleum and geothermal energy development. Previous attempts to address this problem has been unsatisfactory because they can only reduce the strength decline rate. This study presents a new solution to this problem by incorporating fly ash to the traditional silica-cement systems. The influences of fly ash and silica on the strength retrogression behavior of oil well cement systems directly set and cured under the condition of 200°c and 50 MPa are investigated. Test results indicate that the slurries containing only silica or fly ash experience severe strength retrogression from 2 to 30 d curing, while the slurries containing both fly ash and silica experience strength enhancement from 2 to 90 d. The strength test results are corroborated by further evidences from permeability tests as well as microstructure analysis of set cement. composition of set cement evaluated by quantitative X-ray diffraction analyses with partial or no known crystal structure(PONKcS) method and thermogravimetry analyses revealed that the conversion of amorphous c-(A)-S-H to crystalline phases is the primary cause of long-term strength retrogression.The addition of fly ash can reduce the initial amount of c-(A)-S-H in the set cement, and its combined use with silica can prevent the crystallization of c-(A)-S-H, which is believed to be the working mechanism of this new admixture in improving long-term strength stability of oil well cement systems.

关键词： Fly ash Long-term strength retrogression High temperature Quantitative X-ray diffraction(QXRD) Partial or no known crystal structure(PONKcS)

Synthesizing active and durable cubic ceria catalysts(<6 nm)for fast dehydrogenation of bio-polyols to carboxylic acids coproducing green H_(2)

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第3期9卷 529-543页

作者： Mengyuan Liu Puhua Sun Guangyu Zhang Xin Jin chaohe Yang Honghong Shan State Key Laboratory of Heavy oil Processing College of Chemical EngineeringChina University of PetroleumNo.66 Changjiang West RoadQingdaoShandong266580China SINOPEc research institute of Safety Engineering co. Ltd.No.339 Songling RoadQingdaoShandong266000China

Dehydrogenation is considered as one of the most important industrial applications for renewable energy.cubic ceria-based catalysts are known to display promising dehydrogenation performances in this area.Large particle size(>20 nm)and less surface defects,however,hinder further application of ceria materials.Herein,an alternative strategy involving lactic acid(LA)assisted hydrothermal method was developed to synthesize active,selective and durable cubic ceria ofctions.Detailed studies of growth mechanism revealed that,the carboxyl and hydroxyl groups in LA molecule synergistically manipulate the morphological evolution of ceria precursors.carboxyl groups determine the cubic shape and particle size,while hydroxyl groups promote compositional transformation of ceria precursors into ceO_(2) phases.Moreover,enhanced oxygen vacancies(Vo)on the surface of ceO_(2) were obtained owing to continuous removal of O species under reductive atmosphere.cubic ceO_(2) catalysts synthesized by the LA-assisted method,immobilized with bimetallic Ptco clusters,exhibit a record high activity(TOF:29,241 h^(-1))and Vo-dependent synergism for dehydrogenation of bio-derived polyols at 200℃.We also found that quenching Vo defects at air atmosphere causes activity loss of Ptco/ceO_(2) catalysts.To regenerate Vo defects,a simple strategy was developed by irradiating deactivated catalysts using hernia lamp.The outcome of this work will provide new insights into manufacturing durable catalyst materials for aqueous phase dehydrogenation applications.

关键词： cubic ceria Oxygen vacancy Dehydrogenation c-H bond activation