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Inland-coastal demographic transformations in a karst area:a case study of the surroundings of Krka National Park(Croatia)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第2期19卷 305-321页

作者： TELBISZ Tamas RADELJAK KAUFMANN Petra BOCIC Neve department of physical geography Eotvos Lorand UniversityPazmany Peter setany 1/CBudapest 1117Hungary department of geography Faculty of ScienceUniversity of ZagrebMarulicev trg 19/IIZagreb 10000Croatia

According to geographic possibilism,environment does not determine socio-economic ***,the environment sets certain constraints and limitations for *** do natural settings influence population dynamics?In this study,we examine this question using the example of?ibenik-Knin County,which includes Krka National Park(NP)with a GIS-based statistical *** following parameters represent natural factors:elevation,slope,distance from water,and proportion of karst *** addition,distance from Krka NP was also added as an independent seminatural factor(despite the fact that it is a social construction).The dependent social parameters are population density for selected historical dates,population change,year of maximum population,natural increase,migration,and age *** analysis units are the 199 settlements found in the county,and the 20 local administrative units(LAU2).The study period can be divided into five phases:from the first census in 1857 to 1921,there was a slow increase in most settlements;then a relatively constant phase up to 1961(some settlements began shrinking in this period);a slow decrease until 1991;arapid decrease during the next decade;and relative stabilisation to present *** processes were also accompanied by significant inner and outer *** for the relationships between natural and demographic factors,we found that although the coastal-inland area dichotomy is dominant in the study area,elevation has the highest correlation with most population ***,distance from water is also significantly correlated with population change and migration in certain *** the inland areas,there are statistically significant differences between the demographic processes of fully-karstic and partially-karstic areas,while in the coastal zone,the karst effect is overshadowed by other social *** impact of Krka NP on the demographic characteristics of the surrounding settlements was statisti

关键词： Geographic possibilism Karst National park Population density Migration

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Evaluation of the Relationship between Blocking Patterns and Duration of Spring Frost Waves:The Case of Iran

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2020年第3期34卷 586-600页

作者： Farzaneh JAFARI HOMBARI Gholamreaza BARATI Mohammad MORADI department of physical geography Faculty of Earth SciencesUniversity of Shahid BeheshtiTehran ***Iran Iran Meteorological Organization Tehran ***Iran

In order to evaluate the effects of blocking patterns on the duration of frost waves across Iran,the minimum daily temperatures of 60 weather stations were collected from 20 March 1968 to 21 June *** findings,which were obtained based on the distribution tables of reported temperatures and their frequency variation graphs,resulted in identifying 114 frost *** obtained the daily weather maps at 500 hPa from NCEP/NCAR during the peak days of durable frosts,and it was revealed that the formation of low pressures over 20°-70°E and the dominant southwest-northeast troughs at 500 hPa facilitated the influx of cold air from both eastern Europe and central Siberia toward Iran,leading to the average frost duration of 12.4 ***,low-pressure centers appeared in a dipole pattern in northern Iran over Caspian Sea and created durable frosts with an average duration of 15.4 *** effect of omega shaped pattern of the geopotential height on durable frosts demonstrated a sharp difference with two recent patterns leading to the frost occurrence with a 13.3-day duration ***,the slow speed of cold western currents in the rex type of blocking from 30°to 50°N caused durable frosts of 14.3 ***,we found a specific reduction in the frequency of blocking patterns,which has occurred in the past four ***,the blocking and non-blocking patterns cause long-and short-duration frosts over Iran,respectively.

关键词： blocking patterns durable frosts spring season Iran

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Matching authority and VGI road networks using an extended node-based matching algorithm

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2015年第2期18卷 65-80页

作者： Ehsan ABDOLMAJIDI Ali MANSOURIAN Julian WILL Lars HARRIE GIS Center Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem ScienceLund UniversitySölvegatan 1222362 LundSweden

The amount of volunteered geographic information(VGI)has increased over the past decade,and several studies have been conducted to evaluate the quality of VGI *** this study,we evaluate the completeness of the road network in the VGI data set OpenStreetMap(OSM).The evaluation is based on an accurate and efficient network-matching *** study begins with a comparison of the two main strategies for network matching:segment-based and nodebased *** comparison shows that the result quality is comparable for the two strategies,but the node-based result is considerably more computationally ***,we improve the accuracy of node-based algorithm by handling topological relationships and detecting patterns of complicated network ***,we conduct a case study on the extended node-based algorithm in which we match OSM to the Swedish National Road Database(NVDB)in Scania,*** case study reveals that OSM has a completeness of 87%in the urban areas and 69%in the rural areas of *** accuracy of the matching process is approximately 95%.The conclusion is that the extended node-based algorithm is sufficiently accurate and efficient for conducting surveys of the quality of OSM and other VGI road data sets in large geographic regions.

关键词： geographic data volunteered geographic information(VGI) OpenStreetMap(OSM) node-based matching segment-based matching pattern detection Swedish National Road Database(NVDB)

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Sediment generation and soil mound denudation in areas of high-density tree throw along a river valley in the Jura Mountains, Switzerland

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第2期18卷 377-391页

作者： Philip GREENWOOD Jan BAUER Nikolaus J KUHN physical geography&Environmental Change Research Group Department of Environmental SciencesUniversity of BaselKlingelbergstrasse 27Basel-4056Switzerland

A preliminary field-based investigation was undertaken in a small(<10 km^(2))river valley located in the mountainous Jura region of northwest *** aims of the work were to assess sediment generation and annual sediment transport rates by tree throw on forested hillslopes,and to document surface hydrology characteristics on four fresh soil mounds associated with recent tree throws over a 24-day monitoring *** the soil mounds,average sediment recovery ranged from 7.7-28.2 g(dry weight),equivalent to a suspended sediment concentration of 145.2-327.8 g L^(-1),and runoff coefficients ranged from 1.0%-4.2%.Based on a soil bulk density value of 1,044 kg m^(-3),upslope runoff generation areas were denuded by an average 0.14 mm by the end of the 24-day monitoring period,representing an erosion rate equivalent to 2.1 mm yr^(-1).A ca.50 cm high soil mound could therefore feasibly persist for around 200-250 *** tree throw work,the dimensions of 215 individual tree throws were measured and their locations mapped in 12 separate locations along the river valley representing a cumulative area equivalent to 5.3 ha(***,43 per ha).Tree throws generated a total of 20.1 m^(3) of fine-sediment(<2 mm diameter),or the equivalent of 3.8×10^(-4) m^(3) m^(-2).The process of tree throw was originally attributed to two extreme weather events that occurred in west and central Europe in late December *** the 18-year period since both storms,this represents an annual sediment transport rate of 2.7×10^(-5) m^(3) m^(-1) yr^(-1).Exploring the relationship with wind on fall direction,65.5%of tree throws(143)generally fell in a downslope direction irrespective of hillslope aspect on which they were *** infers that individual storms may not have been responsible for the majority of tree throws,but instead,could be associated with root *** the high density of tree throws and their relative maturity(average age 41 years),we hypothesise that once tr

关键词： Tree throw Hillslope processes Sediment generation mechanism Sediment transport rate Soil mound Ibach river valley

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Capacitating local governments for the digital earth vision:lessons learnt from the role of municipalities in the South African spatial data infrastructure

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2021年第12期14卷 1897-1917页

作者： Lindy-Anne Siebritz Ahmad Desai Serena Coetzee Antony K.Cooper National Geo-Spatial Information Department of AgricultureRural Development and Land ReformCape TownSouth Africa department of geography Geoinformatics and MeteorologyUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa Smart Places CSIRPretoriaSouth Africa

The Digital Earth vision foresees the availability and accessibility of geospatial information to achieve the goals of sustainable development,economic growth and social *** the case of urban areas,upto-date geospatial information is essential for managing a city towards achieving these *** rapid shift from rural to urban areas globally puts pressure on local governments and they often struggle to find and organise the resources required to collect and maintain geospatial information that can help to address urban growth challenges.A spatial data infrastructure(SDI)can facilitate the availability and accessibility of geospatial information towards addressing national objectives,however,the involvement of local governments in an SDI can be a *** this paper,we critique the role of municipalities against the backdrop of the developments of the South African SDI(SASDI)to *** critique identifies five high-level shortcomings of the SASDI that have led to the limited participation of *** on the shortcomings,we provide recommendations for capacitating municipalities through SASDI so that the Digital Earth vision can also be achieved for *** recommendations are aimed at involving the local sphere of government in a national SDI and are equally applicable to other countries.

关键词： SDI SASDI municipalities service delivery data governance

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Assessing the USLE Crop and Management Factor C for Soil Erosion Modeling in a Large Mountainous Watershed in Central China

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Journal of Earth Science 2010年第6期21卷 835-845页

作者： Sarah Schnbrodt Patrick Saumer Thorsten Behrens Christoph Seeber Thomas Scholten Institute of geography Department of Physical Geography and Soil Science University of Tübingen Science Strategy Coordination and Planning Office European Space Agency-ESRIN Center for International Development and Environmental Research Giessen University

Due to the impoundment of the Yangtze River, the Three Gorges Dam in China fosters high land-use dynamics. Soil erosion is expected to increase dramatically. One of the key factors in soil erosion control is the vegetation cover and crop type. However, determining these factors adequately for the use in soil erosion modeling is very time-consuming especially for large mountainous areas, such as the Xiangxi （香溪） catchment in the Three Gorges area. In our study, the crop and management factor C was calculated using the fractional vegetation cover （CFvc） based on Landsat-TM images from 2005, 2006, and 2007 and on literature studies （CLIT）. In 2007, the values of CFvc range between 0.001 and 0.98 in the Xiangxi catchment. The mean CFVC value is 0.05. CLIT values are distinctly higher, ranging from 0.08 to 0.46 with a mean value of 0.32 in the Xiangxi catchment. The mean potential soil loss amounts to 120.62 t/ha/a in the Xiangxi catchment when using CLIT for modeling. Based on CFVC, the predicted mean soil loss in the Xiangxi catchment is 11.50 t/ha/a. Therefore, CLIT appears to bemore reliable than the C factor based on the fractional vegetation cover.

关键词： C factor soil erosion modeling Universal Soil Loss Equation fractional vegetation cover Three Gorges Dam Yangtze River.

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Climate change and land degradation in Africa: a case study in the Mount Elgon region, Uganda

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2014年第1期17卷 39-53页

作者： Boyi JIANG Yazidhi BAMUTAZE Petter PILESJO department of physical geography and Ecosystem Science GIS CentreLund UniversityLundSweden department of geography Geo-Informatics and Climatic SciencesCollege of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences(MCAES)Makerere UniversityKampalaUganda

The aim of this study is to estimate and compare soil erosion,in the Mount Elgon region,eastern Uganda,during the last *** trends and changes in erosion are linked to precipitation/climate change as well as changes in land *** different versions of the Revised Universal Soil loss Equation(RUSLE)are implemented and compared,one using slope length and the other using flow accumulation to estimate the slope length and steepness factor(LS).Comparisons of the modeled soil erosion *** data indicate that RUSLE based on flow accumulation is *** modeling is carried out for the years 2000,2006,and 2012,and is based on ASTER remotely sensed data,digital elevation models,precipitation data from the study area,as well as existing soil *** significant trends in estimated soil erosion are found to be present during the last *** exploitation of land is probably compensated by improved agricultural management and no significant increase in *** if there are reports of more intense and increasing amounts of rainfall in the area,this could not be verified,neither through the analysis of climate data,nor by trends in the estimated soil loss.

关键词： soil erosion revised universal soil loss equation(RUSLE) ASTER Uganda climate change

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Susceptibility to gravitational processes due to land cover change in the Río Chiquito-Barranca del Muerto subbasin(Pico De Orizaba Volcano, México)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第12期14卷 2511-2526页

作者： alanis-anaya rocío marisol legorreta-paulin gabriel mas jean francois granados-ramirez guadalupe rebeca college of geography faculty of philosophy and lettersnational autonomus university of mexico(unam)Mexico City 04510Mexico department of physical geography institute of geographynational autonomus university of mexico(unam)Mexico City 04510Mexico center for research in environmental geography national autonomus university of mexico(unam)Mexico City 58190Mexico

instability associated Land cover change can lead to slope by accelerating erosive processes with agriculture, forestry, and infrastructure. The Rio Chiquito-Barranca del Muerto subbasin has experienced an increase in land cover change due to government programs and the establishment of agricultural and urban areas. The aim of this study was to provide a model to map the susceptibility to gravitational processes along sites where anthropogenic land cover change has occurred. The method was based on the stratification of the subbasin according to landforms and cartographic variables. These variables were used in a multi- criteria assessment to assign weights according to their contribution to the onset of new gravitationalprocesses. Those weights were used to create a susceptibility map based on a weighted linear sum. The accuracy of the resulting map was validated in an error matrix with a random stratified design based on susceptibility classes per landform. The results produced a map of areas with susceptibility to gravitational processes due to land cover change; this susceptibility is very high in the undifferentiated pyroclastic slope and limestone mountain, where it derives not only from anthropogenie effects on natural vegetation cover, but also from steep slopes, weathered materials, low apparent density, high erosivity, and previous gravitational processes. The results support other studies that concluded that loss of vegetation is a triggering factor in the formation of gravitational processes, but also show that excessive reforestation can increase gravitational processes.

关键词： Gravitational processes susceptibility Land cover change Multi-criteria assessment Pico de Orizaba volcano

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Urban restaurants and online food delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic:a spatial and socio-demographic analysis

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 1725-1751页

作者： Bakhtiar Feizizadeh Davoud Omrazadeh Mohammad Ghasemi Samaneh Bageri Tobia Lakes Robert Kitzmann Abolfazl Ghanbari Thomas Blaschke department of Remote Sensing and GIS University of TabrizTabrizIran department of geography Humboldt-Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany IN3 Universitat Oberta de CatalunyaBarcelonaSpain department of geoinformatics-Z_GIS University of SalzburgSalzburgAustria

In this research,we analyzed the delivery service areas of restaurants,customer satisfaction,and restaurant sales of urban restaurants during the COVID-19 *** obtained the datasets on food ordering options and restaurant rankings based on Google Maps,Open Street Map,and widely known online food order applications in *** on this analysis we further modeled suitable areas for future extension of *** analyzed the online food order data of restaurants’sales and food delivery reports for 1050 restaurants in the city of *** collected and analyzed data on the restaurant locations,the number of food orders for each restaurant,and the number of customers and their *** results revealed that the spatial dimension of the newly emerging food delivery areas is of utmost importance for the success of *** indicates that an optimal location is not longer only dependent on factors like population density and competitors in the direct vicinity but on the services density even from more distant *** results indicate that an optimized spatial distribution of the restaurants together with efficient quality in services can contribute to optimistic urban development.

关键词： Urban restaurant services area mapping success factors customer satisfaction COVID-19 spatial analysis

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The Last Glacial-Interglacial Transition

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Episodes 2008年第2期31卷 226-229页

作者： Wim Z. Hoek department of physical geography Faculty of Geosciences Utrecht University Heidelberglaan 2 NL 3508 TC Utrecht The Netherlands.

The Last Glacial-Interglacial Transition is one of the most intensively studied periods in Earth History. The rapid climate and environmental changes that occurred during the transition can be used to test ideas about the functioning of our climate system. The stratigraphy of this period has been thoroughly investigated and, in particular, the recently proposed event stratigraphy for the Last Glacial-Interglacial Transition based on the Greenland ice core records serves as a tool for synchronisation of records from the ice, marine and terrestrial environment.

关键词：冰河-间冰期转换周期地球气候

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