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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 24-33页

作者： LIN Yongjie ZHANG Cancan WU Yuting ZHANG Yi LU Yuanwei Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and energy Conversion National User-Side Energy Storage Innovation Research and Development CenterBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

Numerical simulations of the flow and heat transfer characteristics of four shell-and-tube molten salt electric heaters with different perforation rates was ***-and-tube electric heaters have the same geometry and tube arrangement,and all of them use single segmental baffles,but there exist four different baffle openings(φ),i.e.,0%,2.52%,4.06%,and 6.31%.The results indicated that the reasonable baffle opening could significantly reduce the shell-side pressure drop,effectively decreasing the shell-side flow dead zone *** can eliminate the local high-temperature phenomenon on the surface of electric heating tubes,but the heat transfer coefficient is slightly *** perforated schemes significantly reduce shell-side pressure drop compared to the baseline solution without open *** particular,the φ=6.31% scheme exhibits the optimal performance among all the schemes,with a maximum reduction of up to 50.50% in shell-side pressure drop relative to the unopened holes *** heat transfer coefficient is the highest for φ=0%,exhibiting a range of5.26% to 5.73%,5.14% to 5.99%,and 7.31% to 8.54% higher than φ=2.52%,4.06%,and 6.31%,respectively,within the calculated *** composite index h/(Δp)^(1/3)was higher for all open-hole solutions than that for the unopened-hole *** best overall performance was for φ=6.31%,which improved the composite index by15.29%to 17.18%over the unopened-hole solution.

关键词： molten salt electric heater perforated baffles heat transfer

Corrosion Behavior of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy in Highly Alkaline Environment

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2017年第4期30卷 367-375页

作者： Somi Doja Lukas Bichler Simon Fan School of Engineering University of British ColumbiaOkanagan 3333 University Way Kelowna BC V1V 1VTCanada zincnyx energy solutions Vancouver BC V6P 6T3 Canada

Industrial components made with a magnesium-aluminum alloy AZ31 are often used in diverse engineering applications where component weight, strength, and durability are critical. Similarly as other Mg alloys, however, the AZ31 is susceptible to corrosion in alkaline environments. In this work, corrosion of commercial grade AZ31 alloy plate was examined in potassium hydroxide （KOH） using immersion and potentiodynamic studies. The results suggest that the concentration of A1 and Mn in the alloy may govern the kinetics of micro-galvanic corrosion and the initiation of corrosion pits. Further, trace amounts of Ni in the AZ31 alloy were seen to enable formation of Ni（OH）2 surface layer, which may have further accelerated alloy corrosion due to its cracking and void coalescence. The effect of pH on the corrosion behavior of AZ31 was studied with reference to Pourbaix diagrams.

关键词： Magnesium alloy AZ31 KOH

Synergistically enhanced ORR and HER performance on Co-N-C coupled in-situ generated PtCo intermetallic

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 721-729页

作者： Guanyu Luo Min Song Lulu An Xiao Huang Qian Zhang Chenhao Zhang Tao Shen Shuang Wang Deli Wang Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for energy Conversion and Storage(Huazhong University of Science and Technology)Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina

Integrating multi-scale sites in a composite catalyst is vital to realize efficient ***,a synergistic composite catalyst consisting of Co atomic sites and in-situ generated PtCo intermetallic compounds (IMCs)(o-PtCo@CoNC) is proposed through Co pre-anchoring and subsequent impregnation-reduction *** loading of Co atoms provides a chance for in-situ generating PtCo ordered intermetallic *** remaining Co single atoms and PtCo IMCs construct synergistic electrocatalytic *** from the ordered structure,synergistic effect of Pt Co IMCs and Co single atoms,o-PtCo@CoNC exhibits excellent electrocatalytic performance for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) with mass activity of 1.21 A mgPt-1(at 0.9 V) and5.70 A mgPt-1(at an overpotential of 100 mV),***,o-PtCo@CoNC delivers negligible loss of half-wave potential and overpotential during long-term stability test in acid solutions,with 13 mV decay after 50,000 potential cycles for ORR and a 2.7 mV decay after 20,000 potential cycles for *** integration strategy of single-atomic sites coupled IMCs paves the way for enhancing the activity and durability of Pt-based electrocatalysts.

关键词： Synergistic effect Intermetallics Single atomic sites Oxygen reduction reaction Hydrogen evolution reaction

Enhancing microbial superoxide generation and conversion to hydroxyl radicals for enhanced bioremediation using iron-binding ligands

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 597-606页

作者： Yuhan Wang Xue Ning Jinsong Liang Aijie Wang Jiuhui Qu School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China SFI MaREI Centre for energy Climate and MarineEnvironmental Research InstituteUniversity College CorkCorkIreland Center for Water and Ecology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Harnessing bacteria for superoxide production in bioremediation holds immense promise,yet its practical application is hindered by slow production rates and the relatively weak redox potential of *** study delves into a cost-effective approach to amplify superoxide production using an Arthrobacter strain,a prevalent soil bacterial *** research reveals that introducing a carbon source along with specific iron-binding ligands,including deferoxamine(DFO),diethylenetriamine pentaacetate(DTPA),citrate,and oxalate,robustly augments microbial superoxide ***,our findings suggest that these iron-binding ligands play a pivotal role in converting superoxide into hydroxyl radicals by modulating the electron transfer rate between Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ)and ***,among the tested ligands,only DTPA emerges as a potent promoter of this conversion process when complexed with Fe(Ⅲ).We identify an optimal Fe(Ⅲ)to DTPA ratio of approximately 1:1 for enhancing hydroxyl radical production within the Arthrobacter *** research underscores the efficacy of simultaneously introducing carbon sources and DTPA in facilitating superoxide production and its subsequent conversion to hydroxyl radicals,significantly elevating bioremediation ***,our study reveals that DTPA augments superoxide production in cultures of diverse soils,with various soil microorganisms beyond Arthrobacter identified as contributors to superoxide *** emphasizes the universal applicability of DTPA across multiple bacterial *** conclusion,our study introduces a promising methodology for enhancing microbial superoxide production and its conversion into hydroxyl *** findings hold substantial implications for the deployment of microbial reactive oxygen species in bioremediation,offering innovative solutions for addressing environmental contamination challenges.

关键词： Superoxide Hydroxyl radical Iron-binding ligand Bioremediation DTPA

High-selectivity electroreduction of low-concentration CO2 with large concentration fluctuation

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Mengyu Qi Yanbin Ma Chao Zhang Bingwei Li Xueqing Yang Zhaolin Shi Simeng Liu Changhua An Jiqing Jiao Tongbu Lu MOE International Joint Laboratory of Materials Microstructure Analysis and Testing CenterInstitute for New Energy Materials and Low Carbon TechnologiesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringTianjin University of Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Nankai University

Electrochemical CO2reduction reaction（CO2RR） has been regarded as one of the most promising solutions to achieving “zero carbon emission”. In most of the CO2RR-related studies, high-purity CO2has been employed as the feed gas; however, in practice, CO2is generally emitted in low concentrations, so it is of great significance to realize high-selectivity electroreduction of low-concentration CO2with large concentration fluctuation. In this work, we constructed a dual-active-site catalyst and successfully achieved CO2local enrichment and conversion for low-concentration CO2. Operando experiments reveal that the catalyst has one type of site for activating CO2and one type of site for binding the reaction intermediates. The dual-active-site catalyst displays a selectivity for formic acid consistently above 97% over a broad potential window（from-0.9 to-1.6 V ***）. Even when fed with a low-concentration CO2stream（volume ratio from 50% down to 10%）, the dual-active-site catalyst could display high activity and selectivity（>91%）. In particular, the selectivity is still above 85% when the CO2volume ratio is as low as 5%. This work offers a feasible route for converting low-concentration CO2via a synergistic effect for dual-active-site catalysts.

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Solar rooftop in India: Policies,challenges and outlook

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Green energy & Environment 2016年第2期1卷 129-137页

作者： Malti Goel Science & Technological solutions for Sustainable energy Future Climate Change Research Institute

Solar photovoltaic rooftop has emerged as a potential green technology to address climate change issues by reducing reliance on conventional fossil fuel based energy. With a strong commitment to increase the renewable sources based energy capacity to 175 GW by 2022, India has a target to install 100 GW of solar energy capacity. Of this 40 GW would be the share of grid connected solar PV rooftop. This paper examines global growth in solar energy, world's major rooftop installed capacity countries' policies and solar rooftop policy instruments in India. The current Indian goals, issues & challenges in achieving them and trends in further development are discussed.

关键词： Solar energy India Rooftop PV Policies Outlook

“Super-heterojunctioned” thermoelectric polymers

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第2期36卷 32-33页

作者： Hanying Li Wee-Liat Ong MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization International Research Center for X PolymersDepartment of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University ZJU-UIUC Institute College of Energy Engineering Zhejiang University

Given the increasing demand for distributed electricity, there is a burning desire to harvest electricity from renewable sources using environmentally friendly methods. Thermoelectric (TE) materials can meet this requirement not only because of their ability to convert heat directly into electricity, enabling energy harvesting from waste heat and natural heat resources, but also because more than 60%of the energy is lost as waste heat [1]. The discovery of the TE effect dates back to the 1820s when T. M. Seebeck observed electricity generation at the junction of two conductors with different temperatures. Additionally, when a voltage is applied to TE materials, they can create a temperature difference to enable solid-state cooling (known as the Peltier effect).Therefore, the TE effect promises both sustainable energy solutions and temperature control technologies. Over the past two decades,the urgent demand for powering ubiquitous Internet of Things devices has sparked significant interest in flexible thermoelectrics(F-TEs), which raises an intriguing question:Is the intrinsically flexible polymer an important candidate for state-of-the-art F-TEs applications?

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Unraveling the colloidal composition of perovskite precursor solutions and its impact on film formation

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Science China Materials 2025年第1期68卷 156-164页

作者： Tiantian Lou Letian Chen Guichun Yang Peng Chen Wenyan Zhao Hongshi Li Guoran Li School of Materials Science and Engineering Institute of New Energy Material ChemistryRenewable Energy Conversion and Storage CenterNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Jingdezhen Ceramic UniversityJingdezhen 333403China

Colloids are a vital component of perovskite precursor solutions(PPSs),significantly influencing the quality of perovskite film *** their importance,a comprehensive understanding of these colloids remains *** this work,we explored the colloidal compositions of two distinct PPS types:the monomer-mixing dissolution(MMD)and the pre-synthesized perovskite single crystal redissolution(SCR).We have uncovered a new dissolution chemical equilibrium mechanism where the transition from mixed monomers to the 3C cubic phase(α-phase)involves a reversible *** findings indicate that although colloidal size significantly affects the nucleation during perovskite crystallization,the composition of the colloids plays a more crucial *** MMD method yields poly Pb-I·solvent clusters while the colloids derived from the SCR approach produce hexagonal lead-halide-based perovskite phase *** divergent colloidal compositions lead to markedly different impacts on the perovskite film formation ***,hexagonal-phase colloids act as favorable nucleation sites,promoting the generation of theα-phase perovskite films with larger grains,more homogeneous phases,and fewer *** work demonstrates the importance of tailoring colloidal compositions and provides theoretical insights into the beneficial effects of redissolving perovskite in forms such as powder,microcrystals,and single crystals.

关键词： perovskite precursor solutions colloids hexagonalphase colloids poly Pb-I·solvent clusters perovskite solar cells

Industrial Untapped Rotational Kinetic energy Assessment for Sustainable energy Recycling

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energy Engineering 2025年第3期122卷 905-927页

作者： See Wei Jing Md Tanjil Sarker Gobbi Ramasamy Siva Priya Thiagarajah Fazlul Aman Centre for Electric energy and Automation Faculty of EngineeringMultimedia UniversityCyberjaya63100Malaysia

Electrical energy can be harvested from the rotational kinetic energy of moving bodies,consisting of both mechanical and kinetic energy as a potential power source through electromagnetic induction,similar to wind energy *** industries,rotational bodies are commonly present in operations,yet this kinetic energy remains *** research explores the energy generation characteristics of two rotational body types,disk-shaped and cylinder-shaped under specific experimental *** hardware setup included a direct current(DC)motor driver,power supply,DC generator,mechanical support,and load resistance,while the software setup involved automation testing tools and data *** induction was used to harvest energy,and experiments were conducted at room temperature(25℃)with controlled variables like speed and *** showed the disk-shaped body exhibited higher energy efficiency than the cylinder-shaped body,largely due to lower mechanical *** disk required only two bearings,while the cylinder required four,resulting in lower bearing losses for the ***,the disk experienced only air friction,whereas the cylinder encountered friction from a soft,uneven rubber material,increasing surface contact *** a 40 W resistive load,the disk demonstrated a 17.1%energy loss due to mechanical friction,achieving up to 15.55 J of recycled ***,the cylinder body experienced a 48.05%energy loss,delivering only 51.95%of energy to the *** insights suggest significant potential for designing efficient energy recycling systems in industrial settings,particularly in manufacturing and processing industries where rotational machinery is *** its lower energy density,this system could be beneficially integrated with energy storage solutions,enhancing sustainability in industrial practices.

关键词： Rotational kinetic energy electromagnetic induction energy harvesting disk-shaped body cylinder-shaped body energy efficiency mechanical loss industrial energy recycling sustainable energy solutions

Bidding strategy for wind generation considering conventional generation and transmission constraints

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean energy 2015年第1期3卷 51-62页

作者： Hao HUANG Fangxing LI Customized energy solutions PhiladelphiaPA 19102USA University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN 37996USA

Under the environmental crisis of global warming,more efforts are put in application of low carbon energy,especially low-carbon *** of wind generation is one potential solution to provide lowcarbon electricity *** paper researches operation of wind generation in a de-regulated power *** develops bidding models under two schemes for variable wind generation to analyze the competition among generation companies(GENCOs)considering transmission *** proposed method employs the supply function equilibrium(SFE)for modeling the bidding strategy of *** bidding process is solved as a bi-level optimization *** the upper level,the profit of an individual GENCO is maximized;while in the lower level,the market clearing process of the independent system operator(ISO)is modeled to minimize the production *** intelligent search based on genetic algorithm and Monte Carlo simulation(MCS)is applied to obtain the *** PJM five-bus system and the IEEE 118-bus system are used for numerical *** results show when wind GENCOs play as strategic bidders to set the price,they can make significant profit uplifts as opposed to playing as a price taker,because the profit gain will outweigh the cost to cover wind uncertainty and reliability ***,this may result in an increase in total production cost and the profit of other units,which means consumers need to pay ***,it is necessary to update the existing market architecture and structure considering these pros and cons in order to maintain a healthy competitive market.

关键词： Low carbon Electricity market Game theory Generator bidding Intermittency Locational marginal pricing