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Semi-automated detection of rangeland runoff and erosion control berms using high-resolution topography data

International Soil and water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 217-226页

作者： Li Li Changjiang river Scientific Research Institute of Changjiang water resources commission Wuhan430010China Research Center on Mountain Torrent&Geologic Disaster Prevention Ministry of Water ResourcesWuhan430010China University of Arizona School of Natural Resources and the EnvironmentTucsonAZ85719USA

An inventory of topographic modifications is essential to addressing their impacts on hydrological and morphological processes in human-altered ***,such inventories are generally *** study presents two workflows for semi-automatic detection of linear earthen runoff and erosion control berms in rangelands using high-resolution topographic *** workflows consist of initial object identification by applying either morphological grayscale reconstruction(MGR)or the Geomorphon(GEO)method,followed by identification refinements through filters based on objects’horizontal and vertical *** sites were selected within the Altar Valley,Arizona,in the southwestern United *** site was used for developing workflows and optimizing filter thresholds,and the other two sites were used to validate *** results showed that:1)The MGR-based workflow methodology could produce final precision and detection rates of up to 92%and 75%,respectively,and take less than 5 s for a 10.1 km^(2) site;2)The workflow based on the MGR method yielded greater identification accuracy than did the GEO workflow;3)Object length,orientation,and eccentricity were important characteristics for identifying earthen berms,and are sensitive to general channel flow direction and berm shape;4)Manual interrogation of topographic data and imagery can significantly improve identification precision *** proposed workflows will be useful for developing inventories of runoff and erosion control structures in support of sustainable rangeland management.

关键词： Earthen berm Rangeland Grayscale morphological reconstruction Geomorphon LiDAR

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Cladophora as ecological engineer:A new test from the largest lake of Qinghai-Tibet plateau with filamentous algal blooms

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water Biology and Security 2024年第1期3卷 46-52页

作者： Zhihua Wu Xigong Yuan Xiong Xiong Hongyi Ao Chenxi Wu Guoxiang Liu Huan Zhu Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430072China College of Science Tibet UniversityLhasa850001China Huaihe river commission of the Ministry of water resources Bengbu233001China

Filamentous algae blooms(FABs)have been increasing globally in recent years,and their presence can have both harmful and beneficial effects on aquatic *** one of the most common FABs,Cladophora blooms have been reported in the lakes of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau during the past few ***,there have been few studies focused on how FABs impact other aquatic organisms,especially in alpine lakes since these are at the forefront of responding to global climate *** this study,the phytoplankton communities in different regions of Qinghai Lake were profiled in different seasons using meta-barcode *** phytoplankton assemblages in areas with Cladophora blooms were compared to those without *** phytoplankton community structure correlated with physicochemical properties including water temperature,electrical conductivity,nitrate,and the presence or absence of Cladophora *** relative abundance of Bacillariophytes was found to be higher in zones with Cladophora blooms than in other *** seasonal changes in phytoplankton biomass andβdiversity were observed in zones with Cladophora *** and microbial degradation of Cladophora can change the pH,dissolved oxygen,secchi depth,and *** with seasonal temperature and electrical conductivity changes,Cladophora growth can significantly impact the phytoplankton biomass,community dissimilarity and assembly *** results showed that Cladophora plays a key role in littoral aquatic ecosystem ecology.

关键词： Filamentous algal blooms Qinghai lake Biodiversity Phytoplankton community Assembly processes Environmental drivers

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Leaching kinetics and permeability of polyethyleneimine added ammonium sulfate on weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ores

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第8期42卷 1610-1619,I0008页

作者： Huifang Yang Aoyang Sha Zhengyan He Chenjie Wu Yuanlai Xu Jingjing Hu Zhigao Xu Ru'an Chi Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education School of Resources&Safety EngineeringWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430073China Key Laboratory of resources Conversion and Pollution Control of the State Ethnic Affairs commission College of Resources and Environmental ScienceSouth-Central MinzuUniversityWuhan430074China

At present,in-situ leaching of weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ores(WCE-DREOs) encounter with problems such as long leaching cycles,slow infiltration rate and low product *** order to solve the above problems,the conventional leaching agent ammonium sulfate((NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)) was compounded with polymeric surfactant polyethyleneimine(PEI) to form a composite leaching *** effects of leaching temperature,PEI *** rate and pH on leaching kinetics and permeability of rare earths(RE) and aluminum(AI) in orebody were *** is found that with temperature increasing,the time required to reach leaching equilibrium for both RE and Al is shortened,the apparent activation energies of RE and AI are 14.79 and 13.45 kJ/mol,respectively,and the leaching processes are in accordance with the outer diffusion control,When the concentrations of(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4) and PEI in the composite leaching agent are 2.0 wt% and 0.4 wt%;the time required to reach leaching equilibrium for RE and AI is about 50% shorter than that using(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4) alone,and the leaching efficiencies of RE are slightly higher than that of *** increasing the temperature and flow rate of the composite leaching agent can improve the leaching efficiencies of RE and Al,but pH has neglected effects on the leaching efficiencies of *** PEI concentrations below 0,4 wt%, the addition of PEI promotes the leaching of RE and *** column leaching studies of the WCE-DREO,the addition of 0.4 wt% PEI to the traditional leaching agent(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4) has no impact on the leaching efficiencies of ***,it can significantly increase the infiltration rate of WCE-DREO,shortening the leaching time per 10 mL effluent from about 30 min for(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4) leaching system to 20 min for the composite leaching *** leaching time is shortened by one-third,and the leaching cost is reduced,which can provide theoretical guidance for the development and commercial implementa

关键词： Polyethyleneimine Kinetics Rare earths Permeability Activation energy

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Assessment of groundwater quantity, quality, and associated health risk of the Tano river basin, Ghana

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第2期43卷 325-353页

作者： Adwoba Kua-Manza Edjah Bruce Banoeng-Yakubo Anthony Ewusi Enoch Sakyi-Yeboah David Saka Clara Turetta Giulio Cozzi David Atta-Peters Larry Pax Chegbeleh water resources Research Centre Ghana Atomic Energy CommissionAccraGhana Earth Science Department University of GhanaLegonAccraGhana Geological Engineering Department University of Mines and TechnologyTarkwaGhana Department of Statistics University of GhanaAccraLegonGhana Institute of Polar Sciences National Research Council of ItalyVeniceItaly

In the Tano river Basin,groundwater serves as a crucial resource;however,its quantity and quality with regard to trace elements and microbiological loadings remain poorly understood due to the lack of groundwater logs and limited water *** study presents a comprehensive analysis of the Tano river Basin,focusing on three key ***,it investigated the aquifer hydraulic parameters and the results showed signiﬁcant spatial variations in borehole depths,yields,transmissivity,hydraulic conductivity,and speciﬁc *** boreholes were concentrated in the northeastern and southeastern zones,while geological formations,particu-larly the Apollonian Formation,exhibit a strong inﬂuence on borehole *** study identiﬁed areas with high transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity in the southern and eastern regions,suggesting good groundwater avail-ability and suitability for sustainable water ***-ondly,the research investigated the groundwater quality and observed that the majority of borehole samples fall within WHO(Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality,Environmental Health Criteria,Geneva,2011,***://***)***,some samples have pH levels below the standards,although the groundwater generally qualiﬁes as *** study further explores hydrochemical facies and health risk assessment,highlighting the dominance of Ca–HCO3 water *** element analysis reveals minimal health risks from most elements,with chromium(Cr)as the primary contributor to chronic health ***,this study has provided a key insights into the Tano river Basin’s hydrogeology and associated health *** outcome of this research has contributed to the broader understanding of hydrogeologi-cal dynamics and the importance of managing groundwater resources sustainably in complex geological environments.

关键词： Groundwater Unsupervised machine learning technique Hydrochemistry Aquifer hydraulic parameter Health risk

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Synergistic Impacts of Indian Ocean SST and Indo-China Peninsula Soil Moisture on the 2020 Record-breaking Mei-yu

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第9期41卷 1735-1750页

作者： Yinshuo DONG Haishan CHEN Xuan DONG Wenjian HUA Wenjun ZHANG Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Bureau of Hydrology ChangJiang Water Resources CommissionWuhan 430010China

The Yangtze river basin(YRB)experienced a record-breaking mei-yu season in June‒July *** unique long-lasting extreme event and its origin have attracted considerable *** studies have suggested that the Indian Ocean(IO)SST forcing and soil moisture anomaly over the Indochina Peninsula(ICP)were responsible for this unexpected ***,the relative contributions of IO SST and ICP soil moisture to the 2020 mei-yu rainfall event,especially their linkage with atmospheric circulation changes,remain *** using observations and numerical simulations,this study examines the synergistic impacts of IO SST and ICP soil moisture on the extreme mei-yu in *** show that the prolonged dry soil moisture led to a warmer surface over the ICP in May under strong IO SST *** intensification of the warm condition further magnified the land thermal effects,which in turn facilitated the westward extension of the western North Pacific subtropical high(WNPSH)in June‒*** intensified WNPSH amplified the water vapor convergence and ascending motion over the YRB,thereby contributing to the 2020 *** contrast,the land thermal anomalies diminish during normal IO SST backgrounds due to the limited persistence of soil *** roles of IO SST and ICP soil moisture are verified and quantified using the Community Earth System *** synergistic impacts yield a notable 32%increase in YRB *** findings provide evidence for the combined influences of IO SST forcing and ICP soil moisture variability on the occurrence of the 2020 super mei-yu.

关键词： super mei-yu Indian Ocean SST soil moisture Indochina Peninsula

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Disinfection Byproducts and Their Precursors in Drinking water Sources:Origins,Influencing Factors,and Environmental Insights

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Engineering 2024年第5期36卷 36-50页

作者： Rong Xiao Yang Deng Zuxin Xu Wenhai Chu State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of the Yangtze river water Environment Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Montclair State UniversityMontclairNJ 07043USA

Tracing the contamination origins in water sources and identifying the impacts of natural and human processes are essential for ecological safety and public ***,current analysis approaches are not ideal,as they tend to be laborious,time-consuming,or technically *** byproducts(DBPs)are a family of well-known secondary pollutants formed by the reactions of chemical disinfectants with DBP precursors during water disinfection *** DBP precursors have various origins(e.g.,natural,domestic,industrial,and agricultural sources),and since the formation of DBPs from different precursors in the presence of specific disinfectants is distinctive,we argue that DBPs and DBP precursors can serve as alternative indicators to assess the contamination in water sources and identify pollution *** providing a retrospective of the origins of DBPs and DBP precursors,as well as the specific formation patterns of DBPs from different precursors,this article presents an overview of the impacts of various natural and anthropogenic factors on DBPs and DBP precursors in drinking water *** practice,the DBPs(i.e.,their concentration and speciation)originally present in source water and the DBP precursors determined using DBP formation potential tests—in which water samples are dosed with a stoichiometric excess of specific disinfectants in order to maximize DBP formation under certain reaction conditions—can be considered as alternative *** jointly used with other water quality parameters(e.g.,dissolved organic carbon,dissolved organic nitrogen,fluorescence,and molecular weight distribution)and specific contaminants of emerging concern(e.g.,certain pharmaceuticals and personal care products),DBPs and DBP precursors in drinking water sources can provide a more comprehensive picture of water pollution for better managing water resources and ensuring human health.

关键词： Disinfection byproducts Disinfection byproduct precursors Drinking water sources Contamination indicator Natural factors Human factors

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Climate change drives flooding risk increases in the Yellow river Basin

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Geography and Sustainability 2024年第2期5卷 193-199页

作者： Hengxing Lan Zheng Zhao Langping Li Junhua Li Bojie Fu Naiman Tian Ruixun Lai Sha Zhou Yanbo Zhu Fanyu Zhang Jianbing Peng John J.Clague State Key Laboratory of resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 10049China Yellow river Institute of Hydraulic Research Yellow River Conservancy CommissionZhengzhou 450003China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and resources Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China The Ministry of Education of ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering and MechanicsLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Department of Earth Sciences Simon Fraser UniversityBurnabyCanada

The Yellow river Basin(YRB)has experienced severe floods and continuous riverbed elevation throughout *** climate change has been suggested to be driving a worldwide increase in flooding ***,owing to insufficient evidence,the quantitative correlation between flooding and climate change remains *** present a long time series of maximum flood discharge in the YRB dating back to 1843 compiled from historical documents and instrument *** in yearly maximum flood discharge show distinct periods:a dramatic decreasing period from 1843 to 1950,and an oscillating gentle decreasing from 1950 to 2021,with the latter period also showing increasing more extreme floods.A Mann-Kendall test analysis suggests that the latter period can be further split into two distinct sub-periods:an oscillating gentle decreasing period from 1950 to 2000,and a clear recent increasing period from 2000 to *** further predict that climate change will cause an ongoing remarkable increase in future flooding risk and an∼44.4 billion US dollars loss of floods in the YRB in 2100.

关键词： Flooding risk Risk management Climate change Flood discharge Extreme precipitation

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A new scheme of climate-vegetation regionalization in the Hengduan Mountains Region

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第3期67卷 751-768页

作者： Xueqin ZHANG Xiaoming XU Xiang LI Peng CUI Du ZHENG Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China China-Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences-Higher Education Commission of PakistanIslamabad 45320Pakistan

The Hengduan Mountains Region(HMR) is essential for the future ecological protection, clean energy production,Sichuan-Xizang and Yunnan-Xizang railways, and other major infrastructure projects in China. The distributions of climate and vegetation exhibit significant regional differentiation and vertical zonality due to the rugged longitudinal ranges and gorges and the complex disaster-prone environments in HMR. Therefore, it is urgent to develop the climate-vegetation regionalization in HMR to effectively satisfy the national requirements such as agricultural production and ecological protection, mountain disaster risk prevention, and major project construction. We here develop a new scheme of climate-vegetation regionalization with the latest demarcation outcome of HMR, the ground observation from 122 meteorological stations in HMR and its surrounding areas during 1990–2019, and the high-precision remote sensing data of land cover types. The new scheme first constructs the regionalization index system, fully considering the extraordinarily complicated geomorphic pattern of mountains and valleys, the scarcity of meteorological observations, and the remarkable differentiation of climate and vegetation in HMR. The system consists of three primary regionalization indices(i.e., days with daily average temperature steady above 10°C, aridity index, and main vegetation types, dividing the temperature zones, moisture regions, and vegetation subregions, respectively) and three auxiliary indices of the accumulated temperature above 10°C, and the temperatures in January and July. Then, the HMR is divided into five temperature zones, 20 moisture regions, and 55 vegetation subregions. Compared with previous regionalization schemes, the new scheme optimizes the climate spatial interpolation model of thin plate smoothing spline suitable for the unique terrain in HMR. Moreover, the disputed division index threshold between different climatic zones(regions) is scientifically clarifi

关键词： Climate-vegetation regionalization Thin plate smoothing spline(TPSS) GeoDetector Stepwise downscaling pane division method Hengduan Mountains Region

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Intensified warming suppressed the snowmelt in the Tibetan Plateau

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第3期15卷 452-463页

作者： Xiang LI Peng CUI Xue-Qin ZHANG Fang ZHANG Key Lab of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China China‒Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences and Higher Education CommissionIslamabad 45320Pakistan

Understanding how hydrological factors interrelate is crucial when examining the impact of climate warming on ***,these connections are often overlooked,leading to an unclear relationship between temperature and *** study investigates the complex interplay between temperature and snowmelt in the Tibetan Plateau from 1961 to 2020,focusing on how extreme high-temperature events affect the frequency of extreme *** a structural equation model,we detected three temperature-related factors that predominantly influenced snowmelt and extreme *** annual average temperature was found to have a significant indirect impact on snowmelt,mediated by changes in snowfall,snow depth and snow *** contrast,high-temperature days(daily maximum temperatures exceeding the 90th percentile)and heat waves(at least three consecutive high-temperature days)negatively affected extreme snowmelt directly or *** direct effect of increasing extreme temperature events was associated with an earlier onset of high-temperature periods,which accelerated snowmelt and shortened the duration of extreme snowmelt ***,the reduction in snow cover owing to warming emerged as a main factor suppressing snowmelt and extreme snowmelt *** also revealed spatiotemporal variations in the temperature‒snowmelt relationship that highly depended on changes in snowmelt *** study elucidated why warming suppresses snowmelt and extreme snowmelt events in the Tibetan Plateau,highlighting the mediating roles of snow-related and phenological *** findings will provide scientific support for climate simulation and water management policymaking in alpine regions worldwide.

关键词： Climate change Extreme temperature Snowmelt Structural equation model Tibetan Plateau

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聚乙烯亚胺的抑膨促渗机理

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Journal of Central South University 2024年第2期31卷 317-329页

作者：阳慧芳沙傲阳何正艳吴明瞿军吴晨捷徐志高池汝安 Key Laboratory of resources Conversion and Pollution Control of the State Ethnic Affairs commission College of Resources and Environmental ScienceSouth-Central Minzu UniversityWuhan 430074China Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education School of Resources&Safety EngineeringWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430073China

为解决风化壳淋积型稀土矿(WCE-DREO)原地浸出过程中出现的滑坡和浸出速度慢等问题,研究了聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)对蒙脱石(MMT)和风化壳淋积型稀土矿的抑膨性能及作用机理。随着聚乙烯亚胺浓度的增加,聚乙烯亚胺对蒙脱石和风化壳淋积型稀土矿... 详细信息

为解决风化壳淋积型稀土矿(WCE-DREO)原地浸出过程中出现的滑坡和浸出速度慢等问题,研究了聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)对蒙脱石(MMT)和风化壳淋积型稀土矿的抑膨性能及作用机理。随着聚乙烯亚胺浓度的增加,聚乙烯亚胺对蒙脱石和风化壳淋积型稀土矿的抑膨效果逐渐增强。由0.4%聚乙烯亚胺和2%硫酸铵组成的复合浸出剂与单独使用2%硫酸铵相比,稀土的浸出效率从93.94%提高到95.24%,浸出时间缩短了约33%。聚乙烯亚胺可通过水解产生大量-NH_(3)^(+),从而中和黏土矿物夹层和表面的负电荷,减少静电排斥,削弱黏土矿物的水化和膨胀。PEI可在黏土颗粒上形成一层聚合物膜,改变颗粒表面的亲水性,减少水的侵入。小颗粒在长链PEI的包裹和桥联作用下发生团聚,从而增大了颗粒尺寸,有利于浸出剂的渗入。PEI骨架还能嵌入黏土夹层并挤出夹层水,从而抑制黏土矿物的膨胀。

关键词：聚乙烯亚胺蒙脱石风化壳淋积型稀土矿抑膨促渗

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