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Controlling a sine wave gating single-photon detector by exploiting its filtering loophole

Chinese Physics B 2018年第8期27卷 124-129页

作者： Lin-Xi Feng Mu-Sheng Jiang Wan-Su Bao Hong-Wei Li Chun Zhou Yang Wang Henan Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Cryptography Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology InstituteZhengzhou 450001China Synergetic Innovation center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

GHz single-photon detector （SPD） is a crucial part in the practical high speed quantum key distribution （QKD） system. However, any imperfections in a practical QKD system may be exploited by an eavesdropper （Eve） to collect information about the key without being discovered. The sine wave gating SPD （SG-SPD） based on InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiode, one kind of practical high speed SPD, may also contain loopholes. In this paper, we study the principle and characteristic of the SG-SPD and find out the filtering loophole of the SG-SPD for the first time. What is more, the proof-of-principle experiment shows that Eve could blind and control Bob＇s SG-SPD by exploiting this loophole. We believe that giving enough attention to this loophole can improve the practical security of the existing QKD system. GHz single-photon detector （SPD） is a crucial part in the practical high speed quantum key distribution （QKD） system. However, any imperfections in a practical QKD system may be exploited by an eavesdropper （Eve） to collect information about the key without being discovered. The sine wave gating SPD （SG-SPD） based on InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiode, one kind of practical high speed SPD, may also contain loopholes. In this paper, we study the principle and characteristic of the SG-SPD and find out the filtering loophole of the SG-SPD for the first time. What is more, the proof-of-principle experiment shows that Eve could blind and control Bob＇s SG-SPD by exploiting this loophole. We believe that giving enough attention to this loophole can improve the practical security of the existing QKD system.

关键词： quantum key distribution sine wave gating single-photon detector quantum hacking practicalsecurity

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Advancing the pressure sensing performance of conductive CNT/PDMS composite film by constructing a hierarchical-structured surface

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Nano Materials Science 2023年第4期5卷 343-350页

作者： Ye Zhao Taoyu Shen Minyue Zhang Rui Yin Yanjun Zheng Hu Liu Hongling Sun Chuntai Liu Changyu Shen Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold(zhengzhou University) Ministry of EducationNational Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing TechnologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan450002China China Astronaut Research and Training center Beijing100094China

Flexible pressure sensors have attracted wide attention due to their applications to electronic skin,health monitoring,and human-machine ***,the tradeoff between their high sensitivity and wide response range remains a *** by human skin,we select commercial silicon carbide sandpaper as a template to fabricate carbon nanotube(CNT)/polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)composite film with a hierarchical structured surface(h-CNT/PDMS)through solution blending and blade coating and then assemble the h-CNT/PDMS composite film with interdigitated electrodes and polyurethane(PU)scotch tape to obtain an h-CNT/PDMS-based flexible pressure *** on in-situ optical images and finite element analysis,the significant compressive contact effect between the hierarchical structured surface of h-CNT/PDMS and the interdigitated electrode leads to enhanced pressure sensitivity and a wider response range(0.1661 kPa^(-1),0.4574 kPa^(-1)and 0.0989 kPa^(-1)in the pressure range of 0–18 kPa,18–133 kPa and 133–300 kPa)compared with planar CNT/PDMS composite film(0.0066 kPa^(-1)in the pressure range of 0–240 kPa).The prepared pressure sensor displays rapid response/recovery time,excellent stability,durability,and stable response to different loading modes(bending and torsion).In addition,our pressure sensor can be utilized to accurately monitor and discriminate various stimuli ranging from human motions to pressure magnitude and spatial *** study supplies important guidance for the fabrication of flexible pressure sensors with superior sensing performance in next-generation wearable electronic devices.

关键词： Flexible pressure sensor Hierarchical structure Polydimethylsiloxane Carbon nanotubes Electronic skin

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Enhanced Crystallization of Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)by a Self-assembly Nucleating Agent

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第5期42卷 663-674,I0010页

作者： Cheng Zhou Kun Chen Zi-Heng Zhang Meng-Fan Jing Chun-Tai Liu Chang-Yu Shen Ya-Ming Wang State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial EquipmentNational Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing TechnologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450002China

Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)is a promising biodegradable flexible polymer but suffers from slow crystallization rate,making it less attractive for some applications like the injection-molded products in comparison with low-density polyethylene(LDPE).This work aimed to accelerate the crystallization of PBAT by adding a self-assembly nucleating agent octamethylenedicarboxylic dibenzoylhydrazide(OMBH).PBAT/OMBH composites with various OMBH contents(0 wt%,0.5 wt%,0.7 wt%,1 wt%,2 wt%,3 wt%and 5 wt%)were prepared through *** effect of OMBH on the crystallization behavior,morphologies and mechanical properties of PBAT was *** highest nucleation efficiency value of 59.6%was achieved for PBAT with 0.7 wt%OMBH,much higher than that of 22.7%for PBAT with 0.7 wt%*** force microscopy results showed that OMBH formed fine fibers and induced the formation of transcrystalline layers of *** transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)combined with two-dimensional correlation spectra suggested that the intermolecular dipole-dipole N—H…O=C interactions but not hydrogen bond between OMBH and PBAT promoted the crystallization of PBAT in the initial period of *** presence of OMBH did not change the crystal form of PBAT but had positive contribution in enhancing its crystallinity and mechanical *** work is essential for preparing PBAT with high crystallization rate,enhancing its potential applications in injection-molded products.

关键词： Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) Biodegradable Self-assembly nucleating agent Crystallization

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Synthesis and Bioactivities of Andrographolide Derivatives： New （-）-Limonidilactone Analogues

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2011年第10期29卷 2114-2118页

作者：徐海伟姜平娟李伟义王俊峰刘宏民 School of Pharmceutical Science Zhengzhou Univercity Zhengzhou Henan 450001 China New Drug Research ＆ Development center Zhengzhou Univercity Zhengzhou Henan 450001 China Furen Science and technology Pharmaceutical Co. LTD Zhengzhou Henan 450003 China

In this study, a novel route to （-）-limonidilactone analogues 10, 11 by way of stereoselective reaction of andrographolide （5） from 8, 9 was reported. The anti-tumor and a-glucosidsae inhibition activities of some... 详细信息

关键词： synthesis limonidilactone andrographolide bioactivity oxo-michael addition reaction

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Adhesion forces for water/oil droplet and bubble on coking coal surfaces with different roughness

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International Journal of Mining Science and technology 2021年第4期31卷 681-687页

作者： Chunyun Zhu Guosheng Li Yaowen Xing Xiahui Gui Chinese National Engineering Research center of Coal Preparation and Purification China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China School of Chemical Engineering and technology China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China School of Chemical Engineering and technology Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China

Surface roughness plays a significant role in floatability of *** the present paper,coking coal surface was polished by three different sandpapers and the surface properties were characterized by contact angle and roughness *** effect of surface roughness on floatability was investigated by adhesion force measurement system for measuring interaction forces between droplets/bubbles and coking coal surfaces with different *** results showed that the contact angle decreased with increasing roughness yet the adhesion force between the water droplet and coal surface increased owing to the increased contact line and the appearance of line *** adhesion forces between water and surfaces were 111.70,125.48,and 136.42μN when the roughness was 0.23,0.98,and 2.79 μm,*** contrast,under a liquid environment,the adhesion forces between air bubble/oil droplet and coal surfaces were decreased with increasing roughness because of the restriction by *** adhesion forces of increasing roughness were 97.14,42.76,and 17.86 μN measured at interfaces between air bubble and coal surfaces and 169.48,145.84,and 121.02 lN between oil droplet and surfaces,*** roughness could be beneficial to the spreading of oil droplets and the adhesion of bubbles which is conducive to flotation separation.

关键词： Adhesion force Water/oil droplet Air bubble Roughness Floatability

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Carbon coated ultrasmall anatase TiO_2 nanocrystal anchored on N,S-RGO as high-performance anode for sodium ion batteries

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Green Energy & Environment 2018年第3期3卷 277-285页

作者： Lingfei Zhao Tong Tang Weihua Chen Xiangming Feng Liwei Mi College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Zhengzhou University center for Advanced Materials Research Zhongyuan University of Technology

Anatase TiO_2 has been investigated as one of the most promising anode materials for sodium ion batteries(SIBs)with low cost and high theoretical ***,a composite material of TiO_2 /N,S-RGO@C with carbon coated ultrasmall anatase TiO_2 anchored on nitrogen and sulfur co-doped RGO matrix was successfully prepared by a rational designed *** composite structure exhibited ultrasmall crystal size,rich porous structure,homogeneous heteroatoms doping and thin carbon coating,which synergistically resulted in elevated electron and ion *** anode exhibited high rate capacities with good reversibility under high rate *** carbon coating was investigated to be effective to prevent active material falling and lead to long term cycling performance with a high capacity retention of 181 m Ah g^(à1)after 2000cycles at 2 *** studies were carried out and the results revealed that the superior performance of the composite material were derived from the decreased charge transfer resistance and elevated ion *** suggested that the TiO_2 /N,S-RGO@C composite is a promising anode material for sodium ion batteries.

关键词： Titanium dioxide Nitrogen/sulfur doping RGO Sodium ion battery Long cycle life

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Enhanced multiple anchoring and catalytic conversion of polysulfides by SnO_(2)-decorated MoS_(2) hollow microspheres for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries

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Journal of Materials Science & technology 2022年第5期100卷 216-223页

作者： Yun Tian Zhengyu Wei Fan Li Songjie Li Lixiang Shao Mengyuan He Panfei Sun Yuanyuan Li School of Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Engineering Research center of Advanced Functional Material Manufacturing of Ministry of Education Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Lithium-Sulfur(Li-S)batteries are very competitive in energy storage equipment due to their high theoretical capacity and low cost of raw ***,the serious polysulfide"shuttle effect",volume expansion effect and slow conversion reaction kinetics of Li-S batteries during the charge/discharge cycle process still need to be resolved ***,we prepared a novel sulfur host of SnO_(2)-decorated MoS_(2) hollow microspheres(SnO_(2)-MoS_(2) HMSs).The unique hollow structure provides enough space to accommodate a large amount of sulfur and effectively adapts to its large volume expansion during charge and discharge *** the other hand,the SnO_(2) nanoparticles that attached to the surface of the MoS_(2) nanosheets will accelerate the catalysis of MoS_(2) and enhance the bonding strength with the polysulfide intermediates through the S-Sn-O chemical bond,which further inhibits the shuttle *** newly synthesized SnO_(2)-MoS_(2) HMSs cathode has achieved excellent electrochemical *** initial discharge specific capacity of 1326.4 mAh g^(-1) was obtained at 0.2 C,and after 100 cycles,the specific capacity of the SnO_(2)-MoS_(2) HMSs/S cathode only decreased slightly to 1183.8 mAh g^(-1),its capacity retention rate reaching as high as 89.2%.We expect the newly synthesized hollow structured MoS_(2) with SnO_(2) decoration provides a new strategy for the construction of Li-S battery cathode materials.

关键词： Li-S batteries SnO_(2)-decorated hollow MoS_(2)microspheres S-Sn-O chemical bond Electrochemical performance

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Nano friction behaviour between magnetic materials and copper considering the inter-diffusion effect

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Friction 2024年第7期12卷 1532-1547页

作者： Zilin LI Lisha DOU Shiyu YANG Huajiang OUYANG Qichen ZHU Xiaoyang CHEN Xin JIA Shuaiwei DOU Xiaolong CUI Yudong ZHANG Jingjiang QIU Guochen QI Bangbang NIE Pan LIU Ronghan WEI School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Engineering technology Research center of Henan Province for MEMS Manufacturing and Application Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Institute of Intelligent Sensing Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China School of Engineering University of LiverpoolLiverpool L693GHUK School of Cyber Science and Engineering&Hanwei Institute of Internet of Things Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Copper,permalloy,cobalt,and silicon are the materials that have been widely utilised in magnetic *** the size of interest is down to the nanoscale,the inter-diffusion between certain materials becomes *** paper studies the nanoscale friction characteristics between frictional pairs with and without inter-diffusion properties through the atomic force *** distinct evolution features of nanoscale friction force when inter-diffusion is involved are discovered experimentally,which is also confirmed through theoretical ***,through the thin film deposition method,four pairs of contact materials(Cu–Ni_(81)Fe_(19),Si–Ni_(81)Fe_(19),Cu–Co,Cu–Si)are designed for friction tests,in which diffusion occurs at the interface of Cu–Ni_(81)Fe_(19)***,the effects of sliding velocity and loading force on the nano friction of each pair are *** is found that regardless of the diffusion phenomenon:(1)the adhesion force values exhibit a notable correlation to the values of the friction force;(2)the friction force in all four material pairs consistently increases with the growth of the normal loading force,although the growth rate may *** terms of the sliding velocity effect,the friction forces of immiscible materials(Si–Ni_(81)Fe_(19),Cu–Co,and Cu–Si)are found to increase with the increasing sliding ***,the friction force of Cu–Ni_(81)Fe_(19),decreases with the increasing sliding ***,a compositive friction model considering both the velocity and the normal force effect was proposed,which shows good agreement with the experimental results and explains the nano friction behaviour of both miscible and immiscible metals.

关键词： atomic force microscope friction force normal load sliding velocity

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Sub-channel shared resource allocation for multi-user distributed MIMO-OFDM systems

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2014年第11期15卷 1048-1057页

作者： Na-e ZHENG You ZHOU Han-ying HU Sheng WANG zhengzhou Information Science and technology Institute National Digital Switching System Engineering & Technological Research center

Well-controlled resource allocation is crucial for promoting the performance of multiple input multiple output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(MIMO-OFDM) systems. Recent studies have focused primarily on traditional centralized systems or distributed antenna systems(DASs), and usually assumed that one sub-carrier or sub-channel is exclusively occupied by one user. To promote system performance, we propose a sub-channel shared resource allocation algorithm for multiuser distributed MIMO-OFDM systems. Each sub-channel can be shared by multiple users in the algorithm, which is different from previous algorithms. The algorithm assumes that each user communicates with only two best ports in the system. On each sub-carrier, it allocates a sub-channel in descending order, which means one sub-channel that can minimize signal to leakage plus noise ratio(SLNR) loss is deleted until the number of remaining sub-channels is equal to that of receiving antennas. If there are still sub-channels after all users are processed, these sub-channels will be allocated to users who can maximize the SLNR gain. Simulations show that compared to other algorithms, our proposed algorithm has better capacity performance and enables the system to provide service to more users under the same capacity constraints.

关键词： MIMO-OFDM Multi-user Resource allocation Sub-channel shared Signal to leakage plus noise ratio(SLNR)

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Study on burrowing nematode, Radopholus similis, pathogenicity test system in tobacco as host

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第9期21卷 2652-2664页

作者： YANG Si-hua ZHAO Li-rong DING Sha TANG Shi-qiao CHEN Chun ZHANG Huan-xin XU Chun-ling XIE Hui Research center of Nematodes of Plant Quarantine Laboratory of Plant NematologyCollege of Plant ProtectionSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642P.R.China technology center Guangzhou Customs DistrictPeople's Republic of ChinaGuangzhou 510623P.R.China Comprehensive technology and Service center of Huizhou Port customs Huizhou 516080P.R.China

Radopholus similis(Cobb 1893) Thorne(1949) is a destructive migratory endoparasitic plant nematode. In this study,the pathogenic process of R. similis infection in Nicotiana benthamiana(tobacco) was studied using quartz sand culture in laboratory. The results showed that R. similis mainly parasitised the root cortex, leading to cortical cell decomposition and tissue decay. We optimised the inoculation conditions to establish a method for determining the pathogenicity of R. similis as follows:(1) a glass culture tube was filled with quartz sand(about 1/3 of the height) and sterilised twice;(2) 20-day-old N. benthamiana seedlings were transplanted into test tubes and cultivated for 10 days at(25±1)°C;(3) R. similis female nematodes were inoculated in the root rhizosphere at a rate of 150 nematodes per plant;(4) the number of nematodes, disease severity, and growth of the plant at 30 days post-inoculation(dpi) were determined. The pathogenicity of eight R. similis populations from different hosts was determined, which proved the feasibility of this method.

关键词： Radopholus similis Nicotiana benthamiana populations pathogenicity

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