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An inversion model based on GEOS-Chem for estimating global and China's terrestrial carbon fluxes in 2019

Advances in Climate Change Research 2023年第1期14卷 49-61页

作者： Chong-Yuan WU Xiao-Ye ZHANG Li-Feng GUO Jun-Ting ZHONG De-Ying WANG Chang-Hong MIAO Xiang GAO Xi-Liang ZHANG Monitoring and Assessment Center for GHGs and carbon&key laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of China Meteorological Administration Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China zhejiang Institute of Meteorological Science Zhejiang Meteorological BureauHangzhou 310017China laboratory of Climate Change Mitigation and carbon neutrality Henan UniversityZhengzhou 450001China State key laboratory of clean energy Utilization State Environmental Protection Center for Coal-Fired Air Pollution ControlZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Institute of energy Environment and EconomyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories added the method of assimilating atmospheric CO_(2) concentrations to invert carbon sources and sinks;however,many global carbon inversion models are not publicly *** addition,our regional assimilation inversion system,CCMVS-R(China carbon Monitoring,Verification and Supporting for Regional),needs a global carbon inversion model with higher assimilation efficiency to provide boundary ***,an inversion model based on the global atmospheric chemistry model GEOS-Chem and a more accurate and easier-to-implement ensemble square root Kalman filter(EnSRF)algorithm is constructed and used to infer global and China's carbon fluxes in *** CO_(2) concentrations from ObsPack sites and five additional CO_(2) observational sites from China's Greenhouse Gas Observation Network(CGHGNET)were used for data assimilation to improve the *** inverted annual global terrestrial and oceanic carbon uptake is 2.12 and 2.53 Pg C per year,respectively,accounting for 21.1%and 25.1%of global fossil fuel CO_(2) *** remaining 5.41 Pg C per year in the atmosphere is consistent with the global atmospheric CO_(2) growth rates of 5.44 Pg C per year reported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA),showing that the inversion model can provide a reasonable estimate of global-scale natural carbon *** inverted terrestrial carbon sink of China is 0.37 Pg C per year,accounting for approximately 13%of China's fossil CO_(2) emissions.

关键词： CO_(2) Data assimilation EnSRF GEOS-Chem Terrestrial carbon fluxes

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Predicting effect factors of dual bag filter system for PCDD/Fs removal from hazardous waste incineration flue gas

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable energy 2023年第2期5卷 177-187页

作者： Yanan Li Qi Liu Minghui Tang Fei Wang Shengyong Lu Makwarimba Chengetai Portia Yong Chi State key laboratory of clean energy Utilization Institute for Thermal Power EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China

The dual bag filter(DBF)system is a new polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans(PCDD/Fs)emission control technology that has more efficient(PCDD/Fs)removal performance,a higher activated carbon utilization rate and less activated carbon consumption compared with the traditional single bag filter ***,few studies have been relevant to the mechanism of the PCDD/Fs removal process in the DBF system,and the selection of operating conditions of the DBF system lacks an academic *** study established a PCDD/Fs removal efficiency model of activated carbon injection combined bag filter(ACI+DBF)system for hazardous waste incineration flue gas and predicted the crucial effect *** adsorption coefficients k_(1)=532,145 Nm^(3)/(mol s)and k_(2)=45 Nm^(3)/(mol s),and the relationship expression between the number of available adsorption positions of recycled AC(AAC′)and cycle times(n)are proposed in the *** results verify that the model error was below 5%.In addition,the PCDD/Fs removal efficiency model predicts that in a certain range,the PCDD/Fs removal efficiency increases with increasing activated carbon injection *** best cycle number of activated carbon was less than 3,and the ratio of circulating activated carbon to fresh activated carbon in second bag filter(SBF)should be controlled at 7–8.

关键词： PCDD/Fs removal Hazardous waste Activated carbon Dual bag filter Removal efficiency model

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Recent Advances for the Synthesis and Applications of 2-Dimensional Ternary Layered Materials

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Research 2023年第3期6卷 521-545页

作者： Jing Peng Zheng-jie Chen Baofu Ding Hui-Ming Cheng Faculty of Materials Science and energy Engineering/Institute of Technology for carbon neutrality Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China Shenzhen key laboratory of energy Materials for carbon neutrality Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China Shenyang National laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China

Layered materials with unique structures and symmetries have attracted tremendous interest for constructing 2-dimensional(2D)*** weak interlayer interaction renders them to be readily isolated into various ultrathin nanosheets with exotic properties and diverse *** order to enrich the library of 2D materials,extensive progress has been made in the field of ternary layered ***,many brand-new materials are derived,which greatly extend the members of 2D *** this review,we emphasize the recent progress made in synthesis and exploration of ternary layered *** first classify them in terms of stoichiometric ratio and summarize their difference in interlayer interaction,which is of great importance to produce corresponding 2D *** compositional and structural characteristics of resultant 2D ternary materials are then discussed so as to realize desired structures and *** a new family of 2D materials,we overview the layer-dependent properties and related applications in the fields of electronics,optoelectronics,and energy storage and *** review finally provides a perspective for this rapidly developing field.

关键词： materials properties field

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Research progress and prospects on hydrogen separation membranes

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clean energy 2023年第1期7卷 217-241页

作者： Congmin Liu Xin Zhang Junxiang Zhai Xuan Li Xiuying Guo Guangli He National Institute of clean-and-Low-carbon energy New energy Center National Institute of Clean-and-Low-Carbon EnergyFuture Science CityChangping DistrictBeijing 102211China National Institute of clean-and-Low-carbon energy Equipment and Facilities Center National Institute of Clean-and-Low-Carbon EnergyFuture Science CityChangping DistrictBeijing 102211China

Membrane separation technologies,with a broad application prospect in the field of hydrogen separation,are characterized by the simplicity of the devices,high energy efficiency and environmental *** performance of separation membranes is the primary factor that determines the efficiency of hydrogen ***,the development of hydrogen separation membranes is always a research *** paper presents and reviews the research developments and features of organic membranes,inorganic membranes and hybrid matrix membranes for hydrogen ***,the characterization methods of key index parameters of membrane materials are ***,the performance parameters of different types of membrane are ***,the trend of technological development of different types of membrane materials is forecast.

关键词： H_(2)separation membranes permeability selectivity

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Multilevel carbon architecture of subnanoscopic silicon for fast‐charging high‐energy‐density lithium‐ion batteries

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carbon energy 2024年第4期6卷 256-268页

作者： Meisheng Han Yongbiao Mu Lei Wei Lin Zeng Tianshou Zhao Shenzhen key laboratory of Advanced energy Storage Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenChina SUSTech energy Institute for carbon neutrality Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenChina Department of Mechanical and energy Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenChina

Silicon(Si)is widely used as a lithium‐ion‐battery anode owing to its high capacity and abundant crustal ***,large volume change upon cycling and poor conductivity of Si cause rapid capacity decay and poor fast‐charging capability limiting its commercial ***,we propose a multilevel carbon architecture with vertical graphene sheets(VGSs)grown on surfaces of subnanoscopically and homogeneously dispersed Si–C composite nanospheres,which are subsequently embedded into a carbon matrix(C/VGSs@Si–C).Subnanoscopic C in the Si–C nanospheres,VGSs,and carbon matrix form a three‐dimensional conductive and robust network,which significantly improves the conductivity and suppresses the volume expansion of Si,thereby boosting charge transport and improving electrode *** VGSs with vast exposed edges considerably increase the contact area with the carbon matrix and supply directional transport channels through the entire material,which boosts charge *** carbon matrix encapsulates VGSs@Si–C to decrease the specific surface area and increase tap density,thus yielding high first Coulombic efficiency and electrode compaction ***,C/VGSs@Si–C delivers excellent Li‐ion storage performances under industrial electrode *** particular,the full cells show high energy densities of 603.5 Wh kg^(−1)and 1685.5 Wh L^(−1)at 0.1 C and maintain 80.7%of the energy density at 3 C.

关键词： fast charging high energy densities lithium‐ion batteries multilevel carbon architecture subnanoscopic silicon anode

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Impact of individual acid flue gas components on mercury capture by heat-treated activated carbon

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Journal of zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2012年第9期13卷 700-708页

作者： Jian-ming ZHENG Jin-song ZHOU Zhong-yang LUO Ke-fa CEN State key laboratory of clean energy Utilization Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China School of Mechanical Engineering Jimei UniversityXiamen 361021China

Elemental mercury capture on heat-treated activated carbon （TAC） was studied using a laboratory-scale fixed bed reactor. The capability of TAC to perform Hg0 capture under both N2 and baseline gas atmospheres was studied and the effects of common acid gas constituents were evaluated individually to avoid complications resulting from the coexistence of multiple components. The results suggest that surface functional groups （SFGs） on activated carbon （AC） are vital to Hg0 capture in the absence of acid gases. Meanwhile, the presence of acid gas components coupled with defective graphitic lattices on TAC plays an important role in effective Hg0 capture. The presence of HC1, NO2, and NO individually in basic gases markedly enhances Hg0 capture on TAC due to the heterogeneous oxidation of Hg0 on acidic sites created on the carbon surface and catalysis by the defective graphitic lattices on TAC. Similarly, the presence of SO2 improves Hg0 capture by about 20%. This improvement likely results from the deposition of sulfur groups on the AC surface and oxidation of the elemental mercury by SO2 due to catalysis on the carbon surface. Furthermore, O2 exhibits a synergistic effect on Hg0 oxidation and capture when acid gases are present in the flue gases.

关键词： Flue gases Mercury Activated carbon (AC)

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Effect of different operation conditions on PCDD/F inhibition by ammonium dihydrogen phosphate:concentrations,distributions and mechanisms

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable energy 2024年第1期6卷 11-23页

作者： Jiayao Wu Weican Xiang Xiaoxiao Wang Wenlong Song Yuxuan Ying Xiaoqing Lin Xiaodong Li State key laboratory of clean energy Utilization National Engineering Laboratory of Waste Incineration Technology and EquipmentInstitute of Thermal Power Engineering of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027ZhejiangChina

Phosphorus-containing compounds are considered as the potential alternatives of traditional inhibitors for suppressing the formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans(PCDD/Fs),but the suppression characteristics are scarcely *** this study,ammonium dihydrogen phosphate(ADP)was selected as the inhibitor to inhibit the PCDD/F formation via de novo synthesis at 350℃.The influence of oxygen content and addition method on PCDD/F inhibition was systematically investigated by means of statistical analysis and morphological *** results showed that oxygen enhanced the formation of PCDD/Fs from 1470 ng g^(−1)(9.78 ng I-TEQ g^(−1))to 2110 ng g^(−1)(14.8 ng I-TEQ g^(−1)).ADP significantly inhibited the PCDD/F formation,with inhibition efficiencies ranging from 82.0%to 97.7%.Herein,a higher oxygen content and the premixed way intensified the suppression ***-p-dioxin(DD)/dibenzofuran(DF)chlorination was proven to be effectively suppressed while chlorophenol(CP)route was not obviously *** the addition of ADP,Cl source was significantly reduced and the formation of organic Cl was effectively ***,it decreased the proportion of C–O/C=N and C=O,revealing the efficient inhibition of carbon ***,the formation of copper phosphate and copper pyrophosphate was observed in XPS(X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy)spectra,indicating that the catalytic metal Cu was chelated and passivated by *** premixed way had a better effect on reducing Cl resources,inhibiting oxidation and chelating metals,due to the direct contact with ***,the separation method could only depend on the decomposed gases,resulting in a lower inhibition efficiency.

关键词： Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofuran inhibition Oxygen content Adding way Mechanisms

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Local and regional contributions to PM_(2.5) in the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics infrastructure areas during haze episodes

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第6期15卷 499-509页

作者： Yue Wang Mengshuang Shi Zhaofeng Lv Huan Liu Kebin He State key Joint laboratory of ESPC State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution ComplexInternational Joint Laboratory on Low Carbon Clean Energy InnovationSchool of the EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The 2022 Winter Olympics is scheduled to take place in Beijing and Zhangjiakou,which were defined as OIAs(Olympic infirastructure areas)in this *** study presents the characteristics and source apportionment of PM_(2.5) in the OIAs,*** entire region of China's Mainland,except for the OIAs,was divided into 9 source regions,including four regions in the BTH(Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei)region,the four provinces surrounding the BTH and the remaining *** CAMx/PSAT,the contributions of the nine regions to the PM_(2.5) concentration in the OIAs were simulated spatially and *** simulated source apportionment results showed that the contribution of regional transportation was 48.78%,and when PM_(2.5) concentration was larger than 75μg/m^(3) central Hebei was the largest contributor with a contribution of 19.18%,followed by Tianjin,northern Hebei,Shanxi,Inner Mongolia,Shandong,southern Hebei,Henan and ***,the contribution from neighboring regions of the OIAs was 47.12%,which was nearly twice that of long-range *** episodes were analyzed,and the results presented the importance of regional transportation during severe PM_(2.5) pollution *** was also found that they were associated with differences in pollution sources between Zhangjiakou and *** transportation was the main factor affecting PM_(2.5) pollution in Zhangjiakou due to its low local *** weather with a low planetary boundary layer height and a low wind velocity prevented the local emitted pollutants in Beijing from being transported outside,and as a result,local emissions constituted a larger contribution in Beijing.

关键词： 2022 Winter Olympics PM_(2.5) Source apportionment

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Experimental study on CCl_4/CH)4/O_2/N_2 oxidation

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2010年第4期53卷 1016-1022页

作者： WANG Bo1,2,CHI Yong2,YAN JianHua2 & NI MingJiang2 1 College of energy and Power Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China 2 State key laboratory of clean energy Utilization,zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China College of energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai China State key laboratory of clean energy Utilization Zhejiang University Hangzhou China

Oxidation within the system CCl4/CH4/O2/N2 is studied at atmospheric pressure in a tubular flow reactor to investigate the influence of reaction temperature and chlorine content on chlorinated waste combustion and find incineration process optimization methods for pollution *** reaction temperature varies from 700℃ to 1000℃ and the CCl4/CH4(or Cl/H) mole ratio of the inlet mixture varies from 0.21 to *** profiles are measured with *** is shown that at the same initial CCl4 concentration and reaction temperature adding CH4 favors CCl4 destruction and CO2 *** the destruction and removal efficiency(DRE) of CH4 decreases with lower Cl/H and higher concentrations of toxic products of incomplete combustion such as COCl2 and CH3Cl are formed at the same *** chlorine in the system favors CH4 decomposition,but it also inhibits further oxidation of *** temperature assists in both CCl4 destruction and CH4 conversion,and the concentration of toxic combustion intermediates is *** the temperature is the most effective way to enhance CCl4 *** CO2 concentration increases with temperature.A CO concentration peak is observed around 800℃:with a certain Cl/H,the CO concentration first increases with temperature and then *** effect of increasing CH4 concentration on CCl4 destruction becomes mild above 900℃.Rather,it enhances the interaction between chlorine and carbonaceous radicals,which leads to higher concentration of toxic products.

关键词： hazardous waste destruction and removal efficiency(DRE) oxidation carbon tetrachloride chlorinated compounds methane

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A data selection method for matrix effects and uncertainty reduction for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

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Plasma Science and Technology 2023年第7期25卷 82-89页

作者：龙杰宋惟然侯宗余王哲 State key laboratory of Power System Operation and Control Systems International Joint Laboratory on Low Carbon Clean Energy InnovationDepartment of Energy and Power EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China Shanxi Research Institute for clean energy Tsinghua UniversityTaiyuan 030032People’s Republic of China

Severe matrix effects and high signal uncertainty are two key bottlenecks for the quantitative performance and wide applications of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS).Based on the understanding that the superposition of both matrix effects and signal uncertainty directly affects plasma parameters and further influences spectral intensity and LIBS quantification performance,a data selection method based on plasma temperature matching(DSPTM)was proposed to reduce both matrix effects and signal *** selecting spectra with smaller plasma temperature differences for all samples,the proposed method was able to build up the quantification model to rely more on spectra with smaller matrix effects and signal uncertainty,therefore improving final quantification *** applied to quantitative analysis of the zinc content in brass alloys,it was found that both accuracy and precision were improved using either a univariate model or multiple linear regression(MLR).More specifically,for the univariate model,the root-mean-square error of prediction(RMSEP),the determination coefficients(R^(2))and relative standard derivation(RSD)were improved from 3.30%,0.864 and 18.8%to 1.06%,0.986 and 13.5%,respectively;while for MLR,RMSEP,R^(2)and RSD were improved from 3.22%,0.871 and 26.2%to 1.07%,0.986 and 17.4%,*** results prove that DSPTM can be used as an effective method to reduce matrix effects and improve repeatability by selecting reliable data.

关键词： laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS) quantification uncertainty univariate/multivariate analysis matrix effects temperature matching

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