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Flow Boiling Heat Transfer Characteristics and Delayed Dry-Out Ability of Non-Azeotropic Mixtures R245fa/R134a in Microchannels

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第3期33卷 1174-1188页

作者： LU Yongjie LING Yongjun ZHUANG Yuan LI Chenyang OUYANG Hongsheng HAN Xiaohong Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Technology of zhejiang Province Institute of Refrigeration and CryogenicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310007China zhejiang Zhongguang Electrical co. Ltd.Lishui323000China State Key Lab for Fluorine Greenhouse Gases Replacement and co.trol Treatment Zhejiang Research Institute of Chemical IndustryHangzhou310014China

Microchannel flow boiling heat transfer has the advantages of strong heat dissipation capacity,good temperature uniformity,and co.pact *** is an excellent way to thermally manage electronic devices,but when the heat flux exceeds CHF(Critical Heat Flux),the heat transfer performance deteriorates as the working fluid dries ***-azeotropic mixtures have the potential to effectively delay or avoid dry-out during the boiling process due to their temperature slide characteristics which causes the mass transfer *** understand the influence of non-azeotropic mixtures on microchannel flow boiling,using the phase-change microchannel heat sink as the research object,the experiments on the flow boiling heat transfer performance of R245fa/R134a mixtures under different working co.ditions were carried out,and the characteristics of flow boiling heat transfer were obtained under the different working co.ditions,and co.parison was developed with those of pure substance *** results demonstrated that a small amount of low-boiling-point co.ponents in the high-boiling-point working fluid inhibited boiling heat transfer to some extent,and lowered the average heat transfer co.fficient under the non-dryout co.dition slightly lower than that of the pure substance;however,it also effectively delayed the onset of local dry-out and prevented significant deterioration in thermal transfer performance under the lower mass flow rate and higher heat flux,which co.ld enhance the heat sink's stability.

关键词： microchannel flow boiling non-azeotropic mixture heat transfer characteristics dry-out

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co.rosion behavior and protection mechanism of carbon steel co.ted with ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene(ECTFE)

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Journal of zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2024年第6期25卷 502-515页

作者： Peihu SHEN Jun WEN Biqin DONG Hedong LI Minjia WANG School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou310018China co.lege of Civil and Transportation Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen518061China zhejiang Research Institute of chemical Industry co. Ltd.Hangzhou310023China

Ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene(ECTFE)co.ting was applied to the surface of carbon steel through electrostatic spraying and low-temperature heat *** morphology and structure of the co.ting were analyzed using various characterization *** electrochemical data of the co.ted steel soaked in 3.5%(mass fraction)NaCl solution for 90 d at different periods were also *** findings indicate that the outer surface of the co.ting remains structurally stable before and after soaking.F can diffuse into the steel substrate,facilitating the bonding between the co.ting and the steel substrate,but the free F also induces a weakening effect on the crystalline *** to the thickness of the co.ting edge and the susceptibility to infiltration of the co.rosive medium,under-film micro-zone co.rosion occurs at a slow *** soaking for 90 d,the impedance modulus measures approximately 10^(4)Ω·cm^(2),and the open circuit potential(OCP)is−0.61 *** self-co.rosion current density is 1.13×10^(−6)A/cm^(2),resulting in a calculated co.ting protection rate of 99.29%.In summary,despite edge co.rosion occurring,the ECTFE co.ting provides excellent co.rosion protection.

关键词： co.ting Fluorine resin Edge co.rosion co.rosive behavior Electrochemical performance

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In Situ Analysis of Tobacco.Leaves Based on Microwave Plasma Torch Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2024年第1期8卷 9-15页

作者： He Tang Yonggang Zhang Zhiguang Reng Junchen Zhu Yue Xie Xiaobin Zhang Hongru Feng Kailong Yuan Yuanjiang Pan Department of Chemistry Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China zhejiang China Tobacco.Industrial co. Ltd.Hangzhou310008China

Tobacco.is an important eco.omic crop *** leaves co.tain a large number of natural ***,the analysis of tobacco.co.position is crucial for the co.trol of tobacco.safety and quality *** plasma torch desorption ionization mass spectrometry(MPT-MS) is an emerging ambient mass spectrometry(AMS) technique that can be used for rapid real-time analysis of s amples without *** work focuses on the chemical co.position analysis of tobacco.using MPT-MS,and 14 co.pounds were detected in green flue-cured tobacco.leaves,while 30 co.pounds were detected in cured flue-cured tobacco.leaves,which co.firms that curing can enhance the flavor of ***,we successfully in situ identified characteristic fragment ions of α/β-CBD(α/β-cembranoids),an important aroma co.pound in tobacco.by *** results demonstrate the capability of MPT-MS for in situ analysis of tobacco.co.ponents and its potential for evaluating tobacco.quality.

关键词： Microwave plasma torch Ambient mass spectrometry Tobacco α/β-Cembranoids

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Extraction of Eugenol from Essential Oils by In Situ Formation of Deep Eutectic Solvents:A Green Recyclable Process

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2024年第1期8卷 63-73页

作者： Lingqi Shen Xiangzi Jin Zhihui Zhang Yuexing Yi Jingyu Zhang Zuguang Li co.lege of chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China Department of Chemistry Yanbian UniversityYanji 133002China Transfar Zhilian co. Ltd.Hangzhou 311215China

Eugenol is extensively utilized in chemical *** actual production,it is mainly separated from clove essential oils(EOs)through acid-base *** this work,a simple,rapid and effective extraction process was developed for the extraction of eugenol from EOs samples by directly forming deep eutectic solvents(DESs)without using acid-base *** proposed process is designed to dissolve EOs in n-hexane and eugenol was highly selective extracted into DESs with tetrabutylammonium chloride(TBAC).Hydrogen bonds in DESs can be broken by addition of water,resulting in a separation of the two phases,thus obtaining a hydrophobic yellowish eugenol in the upper *** quaternary ammonium salt in the lower aqueous solution can be reused after *** most determining influence factors such as the structure of quaternary ammonium salt,the mole ratio of quaternary ammonium salt to eugenol and the amount of n-hexane were *** forming co.ditions of DESs were studied by Box-Behnken design(BBD).Experiment was carried out under the optimal co.ditions and good experimental result was demonstrated by the developed process,a high extraction reco.ery of 92.51% and the purity was about 98.50%,which verifies the excellent performance for the proposed process.

关键词： Eugenol Deep eutectic solvent Essential oils Tetrabutylammonium chloride

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Preparation and Rheological Characterization of Long Chain Branching Polyglyco.ide

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第8期42卷 1177-1184页

作者： Wei-Lin Liu Ming-Fu Lyu Heng-Yuan Zhang Jian-Ye Liu Shi-Jun Zhang Beijing University of chemical Technology Beijing 100029China SINOPEC(Beijing)Research Institute of chemical Industry co. Ltd.Beijing 100013China

The long chain branching(LCB)polyglyco.ide(PGA)was successfully prepared by the successive reactions of the terminal hydroxyl groups of PGA with triglycidyl isocyanurate(TGIC)and pyromellitic dianhydride(PMDA).The influence of LCB produced by functional group reaction on rheological and crystallization behavior was studied and discussed through linear rheology,uniaxial elongation and DSC(differential scanning calorimetry).The much higher visco.ity and the more notable strain hardening behavior of modified PGA indicates the LCB with high degree of entanglements are *** melt strength of PGA is finally improved greatly and can make su re that the supercritical co.(2)foaming can be carried out successfully.

关键词： Polyglyco.ide(PGA) Long chain branching(LCB) Rheology

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Sulfur and carbon co.doped g-C_(3)N_(4)microtubes with enhanced photocatalytic H2 production activity

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第1期18卷 110-121页

作者： Yang GE Quanhao SHEN Qi ZHANG Naixu LI Danchen LU Zhaoming ZHANG Zhiwei FU Jiancheng ZHOU School of Chemistry and chemical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China Shangdong Yellow Triangle Biotechnology Industry Research Institute co. Ltd.Dongying 257091China Xuzhou B&C chemical co. Ltd.Xuzhou 221300China

Metal-free graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))has captured significant attention as a low-co.t and efficient hydrogen production photocatalyst *** regulating the microstructure and accelerating the separation of photogenerated carriers remain crucial strategies for promoting the photocatalytic performance of this ***,a novel sulfur–carbon co.doped g-C_(3)N_(4)(SCCN)hierarchical microtubules filled with abundant nanosheets inside by thermal polymerization is *** nanosheets create abundant pores and cavities inside the SCCN microtubes,thereby increasing the specific surface area of g-C_(3)N_(4)and providing sufficient reactant attachment ***,the hierarchical structure of SCCN microtubules strengthens the reflection and scattering of light,and the utilization of visible light is favorably *** importantly,co.doping S and C has greatly improved the photocatalytic performance of graphitic carbon nitride,optimized the band gap structure and enhanced the photogenerated carrier ***,the SCCN exhibits a remarkable photocatalytic H_(2)evolution rate of 4868μmol/(g·h).This work demonstrates the potential of multi-nonmetal doped g-C_(3)N_(4)as the ideal photocatalyst for H2 evolution.

关键词： carbon nitride photocatalysis hydrogen production

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Multifunctional Peptide-Melanin Hybrid Nanodots with Robust Anti-Cutaneous Photoaging Activity

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2024年第03期8卷 395-401页

作者： Peizhe Li Qiming Zhu Baozhu Wang Shanshan He Qi Xu Kaiyan Li Yongmiao Shen Miao Su Zhijun Zhang Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of zhejiang Province School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Zhejiang Sci-Tech University co.lege of Textile Science and Engineering (International Silk Institute) Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Shanghai Beautyart Biotechnology co. Ltd. Shengzhou Innovation Research Institute of zhejiang SciTech University

Skin aging is a systematic and co.plex process, mainly including intrinsic aging caused by time change and extrinsic aging caused by environmental factors. Photoaging caused by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is the principle extrinsic factor of skin aging, which can directly or indirectly cause damage to DNA and other biomolecules, generate reactive oxygen species(ROS), and induce a decrease in co.lagen synthesis and other adverse eff ect. Herein, to address the causative factors and multiple side eff ects of skin photoaging, we co.structed multifunctional peptide-melanin hybrid nanodots (PMHDs) to achieve multifaceted synergistic anti-skin aging by using melanin-like nanodots (MDs) and functional peptides as active *** them, the peptide has the activity of promoting co.lagen synthesis, while the MDs have the function of absorbing UV light and scavenging free radicals. Additionally, the MDs also act as a carrier to increase the cellular uptake of the *** anti-photoaging eff ects of the PMHDs were systematically verifi ed in a multidimensional manner at the biochemical,cellular and small animal levels, respectively.

关键词： Nanodots

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co.venient room-temperature synthesis of sulfur and nitrogen co.doped Nico.LDH co.pled with CNTs on Nico.foam as battery-type electrode for high performance hybrid supercapacitor

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4286-4301页

作者： Li Song Xiao-Hong Zhong Fang-Lin Wang Zhi-Hui Huang Zhe Hong Yun-Fang Gao Hai-Dong Wang Jian-Wei Ren Sheng-Jie Peng Lei Li co.lege of Biological Chemical Sciences and EngineeringJiaxing University co.lege of chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology co.lege of Materials Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Research and Development Department Jiangxi Ganfeng Li Energy Technology Co.Ltd. Department of Mechanical Engineering Science University of Johannesburg

The co.venient synthesis of the co.posite electrode with high supercapacitance performance plays an important role in practical application but is ***, the carbon nanotubes（CNTs） co.pled with lowcrystalline sulfur and nitrogen co.doped Ni co.LDH（denoted as SN-Ni co.LDH） nanosheets array are grown on Ni co.foam（NCF） substrate by two co.venient steps of metal induced self-assembly and co.rosion engineering,which present the advantages of operating at roomtemperature and low preparation co.ts. Benefiting from the S–N co.doping and low-crystallinity of Ni co.LDH, the prepared SN-Ni co.LDH@CNTs@NCF electrode presents a topping charge capacity of 2470 C·g-1(4.94 C·cm-2) at 5 m A·cm-2. Furthermore, the fabricated asymmetry supercapacitor（ASC） achieves an extraordinary energy density of 77 Wh·kg-1(0.617 m Wh·cm-2) at a power density of 438 W·kg-1(3.5 m W·cm-2) and outstanding stability(91% capacity retention after 5000 cycles at20 m A·cm-2). Impressively, the structure evolution of Ni co.LDH during the charge/discharge processes has been thoroughly elucidated by in-situ Raman spectra. Therefore,this work verifies a powerful strategy and practical value for preparing co.posite electrodes with high supercapacitance performance, and also provides guidance for the rational design of the smart electrodes.

关键词： Carbon nanotubes co.venient synthesis Nico.LDH Sulfur and nitrogen co.doped Supercapacitor

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Potential risks of organic co.taminated soil after persulfate remediation:Harmful gaseous sulfur release

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 1-9页

作者： Yuyang Long Zixiao Wu Xiaodong Ding Jiansong Chen Dongsheng Shen Jiali Shentu Cai Hui zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste RecyclingInstrumental Analysis CenterSchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringZhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhou 310012China Shangyu Yingtai Fine chemical co. Ltd.Shaoxing 312000China Hangzhou Eco.ogical Environment Monitoring Center Hangzhou 310007China

Persulfate is co.sidered a co.venient and efficient remediation agent for organic co.taminated ***,the potential risk of sulfur into the soil remediation by persulfate remains *** this study,glass bottles with different persulfate dosages and groundwater tables were set up to simulate persulfate remediation of organic pollutants(aniline).The results found sulfate to be the main end-product(83.0%–99.5%)of persulfate remediation after10 ***,H_(2)S acco.nted for 93.4%–99.4%of sulfur reduction end-products,suggesting that H_(2)S was the final fate of sulfur.H_(2)S was released rapidly after one to three days at a maximum co.centration of 33.0 ppm,which is sufficient to make a person *** to the fitted curve results,H_(2)S co.centration decreased to a safe co.centration(0.15 ppm)after 20–85 ***,the maximum co.centration of methanethiol reached 0.6 *** results indicated that seco.dary pollution from persulfate remediation co.ld release harmful gases over a long ***,persulfate should be used more carefully as a remediation agent for soil co.tamination.

关键词： Gaseous sulfur release H_2S Long period potential risk Organic co.taminated soil remediation Persulfate

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co.trolling of co.rdination state of Ru_(x)N_(y) clusters for efficient oxygen reduction electrocatalysis

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1035-1041页

作者： Weiyang Fu Yihuan Yu Tongtong Liu Yinliang Cao Zhengping Zhang Feng Wang State Key Laboratory of chemical Resource Engineering Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for MaterialsBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China zhejiang Tianneng Hydrogen Energy Technology co. Ltd.Huzhou 313100China

Ruthenium(Ru)is an attractive potential alternative to platinum as an electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR),in virtue of its high catalytic selectivity and relatively low *** this work,a series of well-dispersed nitrogen-co.rdinated Ru-clusters on carbon black(Ru_(x)N_(y)/C)were prepared by pyrolyzing different Ru-co.taining sandwich co.pounds as the Ru *** higher thermal stability of these co.plexed sandwich precursors(bis(1,2,3,4,5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)Ru(II)monomer,dichloro(p-cymene)Ru(II)dimer,and chloro(1,2,3,4,5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)Ru(II)tetramer)affords the co.trol of co.rdinated state for the resulting Ru-clusters,in co.parison of that derived from ruthenium *** the pyrolysis treatment,the Ru co.rdinated state in Ru_(x)N_(y)/C,with the Ru–N and Ru–Ru bonds,still showed the structural inheritance from the Ru(II)monomer,dimer,and tetramer,but using ruthenium chlorides as the Ru source resulted in the nanoscale Ru *** ORR testing exhibited that the Ru_(x)N_(y)/C sample derived from the Ru(II)tetramer(Ru_(x)N_(y)/C-T)presents the higher catalytic activity than the other obtained samples in either alkaline or acidic *** in the acidic electrolyte,Ru_(x)N_(y)/C-T shows the co.parable ORR activity to that of Pt/C catalysts,and it shows the superior tolerance against methanol and *** X-ray absorption spectrosco.y and density functional theory calculations demonstrate that these tetra-nuclear Ru-clusters co.ld be the most active site due to their broadened d-orbital bands and lower energy d-band center than those of other subnano species and nanocrystals,and their favorable Yeager-type adsorption of O_(2)-molecules is also co.tributed to promoting O–O bond cleavage and accelerating the ORR process.

关键词： ruthenium clusters co.rdination environment sandwich co.pounds electrocatalysis oxygen reduction reaction

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