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Two-dimensional particle-in-cell modeling of blow-off impulse by X-ray irradiation

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 53-69页

作者： Ruibo Li Jin-Long Jiao Hui Luo Dezhi Zhang Dengwang Wang Kai Wang Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering physics Beijing 100193China Zhejiang Institute of Modern Physics Institute of AstronomySchool of PhysicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China National Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect Northwest Institute of Nuclear TechnologyXi’an 710024China

Space objects such as spacecraft or missiles may be exposed to intense X-rays in outer space,leading to severe damage.The reinforcement of these objects to reduce the damage caused by X-ray irradiation is a significant concern.The blow-off impulse(BOI)is a crucial physical quantity for investigating material damage induced by X-ray irradiation.However,the accurate calculation of BOI is challenging,particularly for large deformations of materials with complex configurations.In this study,we develop a novel two-dimensional particle-in-cell code,Xablation2D,to calculate BOIs under far-field X-ray irradiation.This significantly reduces the dependence of the numerical simulation on the grid shape.The reliability of this code is verified by simulation results from open-source codes,and the calculated BOIs are consistent with the experimental and analytical results.

关键词： X-ray irradiation Energy deposition Blow-off impulse Particle in cells

Electricity resonance-induced phase transition of water confined in nanochannels

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Communications in Theoretical physics 2024年第5期76卷 161-167页

作者： Yunqiu Ma Zhigao Zhao Shaoqian Hao Jianlong Kou Jiang-Xing Chen institute of Condensed Matter physics Zhejiang Institute of Photoelectronics & Zhejiang Institute for Advanced Light Source Zhejiang Normal University Department of physics Inner Mongolia University Department of physics Hangzhou Normal University

The phase transition of water molecules in nanochannels under varying external electric fields is studied by molecular dynamics simulations. It is found that the phase transition of water molecules in nanochannels occurs by changing the frequency of the varying electric field. Water molecules maintain the ice phase when the frequency of the varying electric field is less than 16 THz or greater than 30 THz, and they completely melt when the frequency of the varying electric field is 24 THz. This phenomenon is attributed to the breaking of hydrogen bonds when the frequency of the varying electric field is close to their inherent resonant frequency. Moreover,the study demonstrates that the critical frequency varies with the confinement situation. The new mechanism of regulating the phase transition of water molecules in nanochannels revealed in this study provides a perspective for further understanding of the phase transition of water molecules in nanochannels, and has great application potential in preventing icing and deicing.

关键词： electricity resonance molecular dynamics simulations phase transition water molecules

Cholesterol-induced deformation of the gramicidin A channel inhibiting potassium ion binding and transport

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Chinese physics B 2024年第5期33卷 696-702页

作者：肖盼曹宇朱瑾梁清 Center for Statistical and Theoretical Condensed Matter physics & Department of physics Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China zhejiang institute of Photoelectronics & zhejiang institute for Advanced Light Source Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China

Gramicidin A(gA)is a kind of antibiotic peptide produced by bacillus brevis and it can dimerize across lipid bilayers to form a monovalent cation channel.In this work,we investigate the impact of cholesterol in the lipid bilayer on the binding of potassium ions with the gA channel and the transport of the ions across the channel.The results indicate that cholesterol can significantly influence the conformational stability of the gA channel and cause the channel deformation which inhibits the potassium ion binding with the channel and transport across the channel.The work provides some molecular insights into understanding of influence of lipids on the activity of gA channel in both model membranes and plasma membranes of intact cells.

关键词： gramicidin A lipid bilayer molecular dynamics interaction

Local quantum Fisher information and quantum correlation in the mixed-spin Heisenberg XXZ chain

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第2期19卷 235-245页

作者： Peng-Fei Wei Qi Luo Huang-Qiu-Chen Wang Shao-Jie Xiong Bo Liu Zhe Sun School of physics Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 310036China Zhejiang Institute of Modern Physics and School of physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China School of Information and Electrical Engineering Hangzhou City UniversityHangzhou 310015China zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Wetlands and Regional Change Hangzhou 311121China

We study the local quantum Fisher information(LQFI)in the mixed-spin Heisenberg XXZ chain.Both the maximal and minimal LQFI are studied and the former is essential to determine the accuracy of the quantum parameter estimation,the latter can be well used to characterize the discord-type quantum correlations.We investigate the effects of the temperature and the anisotropy parameter on the maximal LQFI and thus on the accuracy of the parameter estimation.Then we make use of the minimal LQFI to study the discord-type correlations of different site pairs.Different dimensions of the subsystems cause different values of the minimal LQFI which reflects the asymmetry of the discord-type correlation.In addition,the site pairs at different positions of the spin chains have different minimal LQFI,which reveals the influence of the surrounding spins on the bipartite quantum correlation.Our results show that the LQFI obtained through a simple calculation process provides a convenient way to investigate the discord-type correlation in high-dimensional systems.

关键词： local quantum Fisher information quantum correlation mixed-spin Heisenberg XXZ chain

In situ generation of oxyanions-decorated cobalt(nickel) oxyhydroxide catalyst with high corrosion resistance for stable and efficient seawater oxidation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 508-516页

作者： Fengting Luo Pei Yu Jueting Xiang Junjie Jiang Shijian Chen Chongqing Key Laboratory of Interface physics in Energy Conversion College of Physics Chongqing University Center of modern physics Institute for Smart City of Chongqing University in Liyang

The development of efficient and robust anode materials for stable alkaline seawater electrolysis is severely limited by chlorine evolution reaction and chloride corrosion.Here,the sulfur-doped cobaltnickel bimetallic phosphides （CoNiPS） are specifically designed as a pre-catalyst for navigating a surface reconstruction to fabricate the anions (PO43-and SO42-)-decorated Co（Ni）OOH catalyst （R-CoNiPS） with exceptional durability and high activity for stable alkaline seawater oxidation （ASO）.Various experiment techniques together with theoretical simulations both demonstrate that the in situ-generated PO43-and SO42-anions on catalyst surface can improve the oxygen evolution reaction （OER） activity,regulating and stabilizing the catalytic active species Co（Ni）OOH,as well as make a critical role in inhibiting the adsorption of chloride ions and extending the service life of electrode.Therefore,this R-CoNiPS electrode exhibits superb OER activity toward ASO and stands out among the non-precious ASO electrocatalysts reported recently,requiring low overpotentials of 420 and 440 mV to attain large current densities of500 and 1000 mA cm-2in an alkaline natural seawater electrolyte,respectively.Particularly,the catalyst displays a negligible chloride corrosion at room temperature during ASO operation （>200 h） at500 m A cm-2.This work opens up a new viewpoint for designing high-activity and durable electrocatalysts for seawater electrolysis.

关键词： Anions Chloride corrosion Oxygen evolution reaction Seawater electrolysis

Transient breathing dynamics during extinction of dissipative solitons in mode‑locked fiber lasers

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2024年第1期17卷 9-19页

作者： Zichuan Yuan Si Luo Ke Dai Xiankun Yao Chenning Tao Qiang Ling Yusheng Zhang Zuguang Guan Daru Chen Yudong Cui Hangzhou institute of Advanced Studies Zhejiang Normal UniversityHangzhou 311231China State Key Laboratory of modern Optical Instrumentation College of Optical Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Key Laboratory of Optical Information Detection and Display Technology of zhejiang Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China School of physics Northwest UniversityXi’an 710127China

The utilization of the dispersive Fourier transformation approach has enabled comprehensive observation of the birth process of dissipative solitons in fiber lasers.However,there is still a dearth of deep understanding regarding the extinction process of dissipative solitons.In this study,we have utilized a combination of experimental and numerical techniques to thoroughly examine the breathing dynamics of dissipative solitons during the extinction process in an Er-doped mode-locked fiber laser.The results demonstrate that the transient breathing dynamics have a substantial impact on the extinction stage of both steady-state and breathing-state dissipative solitons.The duration of transient breathing exhibits a high degree of sensitivity to variations in pump power.Numerical simulations are utilized to produce analogous breathing dynamics within the framework of a model that integrates equations characterizing the population inversion in a mode-locked laser.These results corroborate the role of Q-switching instability in the onset of breathing oscillations.Furthermore,these findings offer new possibilities for the advancement of various operational frameworks for ultrafast lasers.

关键词： Breathing soliton Fiber laser Dispersive Fourier transform Q-switched instability

Single-step-etched ultra-compact metamaterial grating coupler enabled by a hierarchical inverse design approach

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第2期67卷 119-126页

作者： Qiao Wang Ruiqi Luo Nan Liu Maojing Hou Bo Xiong Guandong Liu Wei Ma Intelligent Network Research institute Zhejiang LabHangzhou 311100China State Key Laboratory of modern Optical Instrumentation College of Information Science and Electronic EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

With the concept of metamaterials introduced into integrated photonics,subwavelength structures have gained popularity for their ability to create devices with ultra-compact size,high performance,and versatile functionalities.However,traditional metamaterial design methods are usually based on empirical templates and physical approximations,lacking the ability to design free-form metamaterial structures and optimize entire devices globally.In this work,we propose a hierarchical inverse design approach that combines a conventional effective refractive index based metamaterial structures design with a follow-up global topology optimization.The empirical metamaterial grating coupler design based on effective refractive index engineering faces inaccurate index extraction and insufficient approximation of wavevector matching conditions,which deteriorates coupling efficiency,especially for fully-etched devices with the decreased tapering region.Fortunately,a subsequent overall topology optimization step can well compensate for the negative effect of the shrinking device footprint to increase the efficiency of the metamaterial grating coupler.We demonstrate a 23μm×10μm ultra-compact metamaterial grating coupler with single-stepetched to couple light between a fiber and a 500 nm single-mode silicon waveguide in the O-band.Experimental measurement shows an insertion loss of 3.17 dB and a 3 dB bandwidth of 77 nm,making it the smallest footprint device ever reported.

关键词： waveguide hierarchical inverse

Unbound^(28)O,the heaviest oxygen isotope observed:a cutting-edge probe for testing nuclear models

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 1-2页

作者： Jian-Guo Li Bai-Shan Hu Shuang Zhang Fu-Rong Xu School of physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and TechnologyPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China institute of modern physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Southern Center for Nuclear-Science Theory(SCNT) Institute of Modern PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesHuizhou 516000China

The beyond-dripline oxygen isotopes^(27,28)O were recently observed at RIKEN,and were found to be unbound decaying into^(24)O by emitting neutrons.The unbound feature of the heaviest oxygen isotope,^(28)O,provides an excellent test for stateof-the-art nuclear models.The atomic nucleus is a self-organized quantum manybody system comprising specific numbers of protons Z and neutrons N.

关键词： testing quantum system

Light touch in quantum:an interview with Prof.Serge Haroche

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第1期6卷 10-16页

作者： Chao-Yang Lu CAS Centre for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum physics HefeiChina NYU Shanghai NYU-ECNU Institute of PhysicsShanghaiChina University of Science and Technology of China Department of Modern PhysicsShanghaiChina

Lu:Hello,Prof.Haroche,nice to see you again!Let us start the interview.In 2012,you and David Wineland won the Nobel Prize in physics.Can you describe your work in simple terms to a general audience?And can you tell us how you were originally interested in this field and got into this study?Haroche:Maybe I should start with the second part of the question.I got interested in atomic physics when I was a student atÉcole Normale Supérieure(ENS)in Paris in the 1960s.

关键词： quantum interview Serge