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Impacts of climate change and human activities on vegetation dynamics on the Mongolian Plateau, East Asia from 2000 to 2023

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第8期16卷 1062-1079页

作者： YAN Yujie CHENG Yiben XIN Zhiming ZHOU Junyu ZHOU Mengyao WANG Xiaoyu School of Soil and Water Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China experimental Center of Desert Forestry Chinese Academy of ForestryDengkou 015200China Inner Mongolia Dengkou Desert Ecosystem national observation Research station National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationDengkou 015200China

The Mongolian Plateau in East Asia is one of the largest contingent arid and semi-arid areas of the *** the impacts of climate change and human activities,desertification is becoming increasingly severe on the Mongolian *** the vegetation dynamics in this region can better characterize its ecological *** this study,based on Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)images,we calculated the kernel normalized difference vegetation index(kNDVI)on the Mongolian Plateau from 2000 to 2023,and analyzed the changes in kNDVI using the Theil-Sen median trend analysis and Mann-Kendall significance *** further investigated the impact of climate change on kNDVI change using partial correlation analysis and composite correlation analysis,and quantified the effects of climate change and human activities on kNDVI change by residual *** results showed that kNDVI on the Mongolian Plateau was increasing overall,and the vegetation recovery area in the southern region was significantly larger than that in the northern *** 50.99%of the plateau showed dominant climate-driven effects of temperature,precipitation,and wind speed on kNDVI *** analysis showed that climate change and human activities together contributed to 94.79%of the areas with vegetation *** human activities promoted the recovery of local vegetation,and climate change inhibited vegetation growth in the northern part of the Mongolian *** study provides scientific data for understanding the regional ecological environment status and future changes and developing effective ecological protection measures on the Mongolian Plateau.

关键词： kernel normalized difference vegetation index(kNDVI) human activities climate change partial correlation analysis composite correlation analysis residual analysis Mongolian Plateau

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The synergistic regulatory effect of PTP1B and PTK inhibitors on the development of Oedaleus decorus asiaticus Bei-Bienko

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第8期23卷 2752-2763页

作者： Shuang Li Sibo Liu Chaomin Xu Shiqian Feng Xiongbing Tu Zehua Zhang State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Chongqing Academy of agricultural Sciences Chongqing 401329China Institute of Grassland Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHohhot 010010China Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010019China Scientific observation and experimental station of Pests in Xilin Gol Rangeland Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesXilinhot 026000China

Tyrosine phosphorylation is crucial for controlling normal cell growth,survival,intercellular communication,gene transcription,immune responses,and other *** tyrosine phosphatase(PTP)and protein tyrosine kinases(PTK)can achieve this goal by regulating multiple signaling *** decorus asiaticus is an important pest that infests the Mongolian Plateau *** aimed to evaluate the survival rate,growth rate,overall performance,and ovarian developmental morphology of the 4th instar nymphs of *** asiaticus while inhibiting the activity of protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B(PTP1B)and *** addition,the expression and protein phosphorylation levels of key genes in the MAPK signaling pathway and antioxidant enzyme activity were *** results showed no significant differences in survival rate,growth rate,or overall performance between PTP1B inhibitor treatment and ***,after PTK inhibitor treatment,these indexes were significantly lower than those in the *** ovarian size of female larvae after 15 days of treatment with PTK inhibitors showed significantly slower development,while female larvae treated with PTP1B exhibited faster ovarian growth than the control *** comparison to controls and nymphs treated with PTK inhibitors,the expression and phosphorylation levels of key genes in the MAPK signaling pathway under PTP1B inhibitor treatments were significantly higher in 4th instar ***,reactiveoxygen(ROS)species levels and the activities of NADPH oxidase and other antioxidant enzymes were considerably reduced,although they were significantly greater in the PTK inhibitor *** results suggest that PTP1B and PTK feedback inhibition in the mitogen-activated-protein kinases(MAPK)signal transfer can regulate the physiological metabolism of the insect as well as its developmental *** findings can facilitate future uses of PTP1B and PTK inhibitors in controlling insect development to help contro

关键词： PTP1B PTK inhibitor MAPK pathway Oedaleus decorus asiaticus development

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Mechanical behavior of sliding zone soil under compression considering periodic saturation-drying: example from a giant reservoir landslide

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： Sha Lu Huiming Tang Liangqing Wang Xuexue Su Bing Lü Badong national observation and Research station of Geohazards， China University of Geosciences Faculty of Engineering， China University of Geosciences Wuhan， China

The reservoir landslide undergoes periodic saturation-drying cycles affected by reservoir fluctuation in hydropower project area， leading to the irreversible impact on the landslide materials. Sliding zone is the shearing part in formation of landslide and controls the further development of landslide. The mechanical behavior of sliding zone soil under compression is a crucial factor in the stability analysis in landslide. In this paper， the sliding zone soil from a giant landslide in the biggest hydropower project area， Three Gorges area， is taken as the research case. The particle-size distribution of the sliding zone soil from this landslide is studied and fractal dimension is adopted as representation. Periodic saturation-drying is introduced as the affecting factor on sliding zone soil properties. The triaxial compression test is conducted to reveal the mechanical behavior of the soil， including stress-strain behavior， elastic modulus， failure stress and strength parameters. These behavior of sliding zone soils with different fractal dimensions are studied under the effects of periodic saturation-drying cycles. The normalized stress-strain curves are displayed for further calculation. The data considering saturation-drying cycles are obtained and compared with the experimental results.

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Genomic analysis of sugar transporter genes in peanut (Arachis hypogaea):Characteristic,evolution and expression profiles during development and stress

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Oil Crop Science 2022年第4期7卷 189-199页

作者： Zhijun Xu Lei Xu Xiaowen Hu Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Dryland Water-saving Agriculture Zhanjiang Experiment StationChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesZhanjiangGuangdongChina zhanjiang experimental and observation station for national long-term agricultural green development ZhanjiangGuangdongChina

Peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.) is an economically significant crop with aerial cleistogamous flowers and subterranean geocarpic fruit(pods).The formation of peanut pod requires movement of the embryo from air to ground and then development in the soil,which is a complex biological process involving transport and accumulation of *** transport proteins(STP) mediate the transport of monosaccharides in various physiological processes,including fertilization,ovary formation,and seed *** this study,a total of 36 AhSTP genes(AhSTP1–36) containing the conserved sugar_tr motif were identified in the *** *** analysis revealed that AhSTP genes were classified into four clades,and the arrangement of motifs in AhSTP proteins was similar within *** analysis revealed that segmental duplication events have played an important role in the expansion of STP genes in peanut,and chromosome rearrangements might have facilitated the exchange of STP genes between the A and B *** analyses revealed that the expression patterns of AhSTP genes varied among *** and abiotic stress treatments could upregulate or down-regulate the expression of AhSTP genes,and low temperature had a major effect on the expression of most AhSTP *** AhSTP genes(AhSTP3,AhSTP9,AhSTP19,and AhSTP28) were specifically expressed in the pod,indicating that these genes might be involved in pod formation and development in *** unique expression of these four genes during pod construction and development was confirmed in two different type cultivars using quantitative real-time PCR *** findings provide new insights into the STP gene family in peanut and will aid future functional studies of AhSTP genes.

关键词： Peanut STP gene Family Evolution Expression patterns Pod development

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In-situ warming does not change soil priming effect induced by glucose addition in a temperate forest

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Pedosphere 2024年第4期34卷 759-769页

作者： Xiaohan DONG Yunting FANG Dongwei LIU Xin GUAN Kai HUANG Yuqi LIU Qingkui WANG Silong WANG Weidong ZHANG Huitong experimental station of Forest Ecology CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and ManagementInstitute of Applied EcologyShenyang 110016China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China Hunan Key Laboratory for Structure and Ecosystem Service of Subtropical Forest Huitong National Research Station of Forest EcosystemHuitong 418307China Qingyuan Forest Chinese Ecosystem Research Network(CERN) National Observation and Research StationShenyang 110016China Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016(China)f Key Laboratory of Stable Isotope Techniques and ApplicationsShenyang 110016China Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Neutrality Shenyang 110016China

Priming effect(PE)on soil organic carbon(SOC)decomposition caused by the addition of organic carbon(C)is an important ecological process in regulating soil C ***,most priming studies are confined to laboratory trials,while the assessment of soil PE under field conditions with variable weather conditions is *** study assessed the direct effects of glucose addition and in-situ warming on the extent of PE under field conditions in a temperate *** evaluated soil PE using 13C-glucose labelling,a simple and novel technique,based on the Keeling plot *** addition significantly enhanced native SOC decomposition and induced strong ***,the effect of in-situ warming on the extent of PE was not *** study confirms the importance of PE in regulating SOC turnover under field conditions.

关键词： lue lblling tchnquegbal wamingrmingt hppidfaty ai solganmattermineralisatn oezme respiration

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Unexpected Diversity in Ecosystem Nutrient Responses to experimental Drought in Temperate Grasslands

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Phyton-International Journal of experimental Botany 2024年第4期93卷 831-841页

作者： Biying Qiu Niwu Te Lin Song Yuan Shi Chuan Qiu Xiaoan Zuo Qiang Yu Jianqiang Qian Zhengwen Wang Honghui Wu Wentao Luo School of Life Sciences Hebei UniversityBaoding071002China Liaoning Northwest Grassland Ecosystem national observation and Research station Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research StationInstitute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110164China Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou730030China School of Grassland Science Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China College of Forestry Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou450002China State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-Arid Arable Land in Northern China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100081China Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInstitute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100081China

The responses of ecosystem nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to drought are an important component of globalchange studies. However, previous studies were more often based on site-specific experiments, introducing a significantuncertainty to synthesis and site comparisons. We investigated the responses of vegetation and soil nutrientsto drought using a network experiment of temperate grasslands in Northern China. Drought treatment (66%reduction in growing season precipitation) was imposed by erecting rainout shelters, respectively, at the driest,intermediate, and wettest sites. We found that vegetation nutrient concentrations increased but soil nutrient concentrationsdecreased along the aridity gradient. Differential responses were observed under experimentaldrought among the three grassland sites. Specifically, the experimental drought did not change vegetation andsoil nutrient status at the driest site, while strongly reduced vegetation but increased soil nutrient concentrationsat the site with intermediate precipitation. On the contrary, experimental drought increased vegetation N concentrationsbut did not change vegetation P and soil nutrient concentrations at the wettest site. In general, the differentialeffects of drought on ecosystem nutrients were observed between manipulative and observationalexperiments as well as between sites. Our research findings suggest that conducting large-scale, consistent, andcontrolled network experiments is essential to accurately evaluate the effects of global climate change on terrestrialecosystem bio-geochemistry.

关键词： Climate change drought experiment precipitation nutrient cycles

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experimental and numerical interpretation on composite foundation consisting of soil-cement column within warm and ice-rich frozen soil

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 313-321页

作者： WANG Honglei ZHANG Jianming WEI Shoucai SUN Zhizhong ZHANG Hu School of Civil Engineering Hebei University of EngineeringHandan 056038China State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Second Geological Brigade Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Exploration and DevelopmentLhasa 850000China Da Xing’anling observation and Research station of Frozen Ground Engineering and Environment Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesJiagedaqi 165100China School of Civil Engineering Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China

Affected by climate warming and anthropogenic disturbances, the thermo-mechanical stability of warm and ice-rich frozen ground along the Qinghai-Tibet engineering corridor(QTEC) is continuously decreased, which may delay the construction of major projects in the future. In this study, based on chemical stabilization of warm and icerich frozen ground, the soil-cement column(SCC) for ground improvement was recommended to reinforce the foundations in warm and ice-rich permafrost regions. To explore the validity of countermeasures mentioned above, both the original foundation and the composite foundation consisting of SCC with soil temperature of -1.0℃ were prepared in the laboratory, and then the plate loading tests were carried out. The laboratory investigations indicated that the bearing capacity of composite foundation consisting of SCC was higher than that of original foundation, and the total deformation of original foundation was greater than that of composite foundation, meaning that overall stability of foundation with warm and ice-rich frozen soil can be improved by SCC installation. Meanwhile, a numerical model considering the interface interaction between frozen soil and SCC was established for interpretating the bearing mechanism of composite foundation. The numerical investigations revealed that the SCC within composite foundation was responsible for the more applied load, and the applied load can be delivered to deeper zone in depth due to the SCC installation, which was favorable for improving the bearing characteristic of composite foundation. The investigations provide the valuable guideline for the choice of engineering supporting techniques to major projects within the QTEC.

关键词： Chemical stabilization Ground improvement Composite foundation Frozen soil engineering Qinghai-Tibet engineering corridor

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Impacts of high temperature,relative air humidity,and vapor pressure deficit on the seed set of contrasting maize genotypes during flowering

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第9期23卷 2955-2969页

作者： Xin Dong Baole Li Zhenzhen Yan Ling Guan Shoubing Huang Shujun Li Zhiyun Qi Ling Tang Honglin Tian Zhongjun Fu Hua Yang Chongqing Academy of agricultural Sciences Chongqing 401329China College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Heat stress is a major constraint to current and future maize production at the global *** and female reproductive organs both play major roles in increasing seed set under heat stress at flowering,but their relative contributions to seed set are *** this study,a 2-year field experiment including three sowing dates in each year and 20 inbred lines was *** set,kernel number per ear,and grain yield were all reduced by more than 80%in the third sowing dates compared to the first sowing *** viability,silk emergence ratio,and anthesis-silking interval were the key determinants of seed set under heat stress;and their correlation coefficients were 0.89^(***),0.65^(***),and-0.72^(***),*** pressure deficit(VPD)and relative air humidity(RH)both had significant correlations with pollen viability and the silk emergence *** RH can alleviate the impacts of heat on maize seed set by maintaining high pollen viability and a high silk emergence *** a warming climate from 2020 to 2050,VPD will decrease due to the increased *** on their pollen viability and silk emergence ratios,the 20 genotypes fell into four different *** group with high pollen viability and a high silk emergence ratio performed better under heat stress,and their performance can be further improved by combining the improved flowering pattern traits.

关键词： maize pollen viability silk emergence heat stress relative humidity

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生物启发膜在水系镁离子电池阴极的界面工程

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Science China Materials 2024年第8期67卷 2558-2566页

作者：洛古子呷苟倩志罗号燃陈昭宇邓江斌王凯鑫何玉婷李英芳王磊张奔郑玉杰李猛 national Innovation Center for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology Xuefeng Mountain Energy Equipment Safety National Observation and Research StationMOE Key Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies and SystemsCQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials&Devices Joint LaboratoryCollege of Energy&Power EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Chongqing Windmagics Weichu Energy Co. Ltd.Chongqing 401121China Southwest Technology and Engineering Research Institute Chongqing 400039China

受到水合镁离子的高脱溶能垒和不良界面水分解行为的限制,水系镁离子电池通常受制于缓慢的离子传输动力学和严重的阴极溶解.为了克服这些障碍,受细胞膜两亲性结构的启发,我们成功构建了一种由疏水性聚(3,4-乙二氧基噻吩)(PEDOT)和亲水性... 详细信息

受到水合镁离子的高脱溶能垒和不良界面水分解行为的限制,水系镁离子电池通常受制于缓慢的离子传输动力学和严重的阴极溶解.为了克服这些障碍,受细胞膜两亲性结构的启发,我们成功构建了一种由疏水性聚(3,4-乙二氧基噻吩)(PEDOT)和亲水性α-MnO_(2)基底组成的MnO_(2)碳基阴极.结合实验和理论计算结果分析,PEDOT层可以有效提高整体电极的导电性,降低水合Mg^(2+)的脱溶能垒,并抑制阴极溶解,从而提高复合电极的性能.因此,本文所制备的复合电极表现出优越的速率性能(58.4mA hg^(-1),3Ag^(-1))和增强的长期循环稳定性(1000个循环后85.92mA hg^(-1),2Ag^(-1)),优于原始的α-MnO_(2)阴极.这项基于生物启发设计理念的工作将为水合镁离子电池的发展提供创新方向.

关键词：镁离子电池复合电极生物启发传输动力学循环稳定性界面工程脱溶能垒

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Effect of solid particle type,concentration and size on DC breakdown voltage of short needle-plate air gap:An experiment and simulation study

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High Voltage 2023年第4期8卷 799-809页

作者： Guolin Yang Xingliang Jiang Jianlin Hu Xiaodong Ren Tao Li Jianguo Wu Zhijin Zhang Qin Hu Hualong Zheng Xuefeng Mountain Energy Equipment Safety national observation and Research station of Chongqing University ChongqingChina

Unclean air discharge refers to the discharge phenomenon of a large number of polluting gases,droplets or solid particles floating in the air,which will cause insulation breakdown and safety accidents for the power transmission equipment that have been left outdoors for a long *** order to investigate the effects of particle concentration,particle size and dielectric constant on DC breakdown characteristics of unclean air gap,a self-made discharge chamber was designed in this *** air was filtered and passed into the discharge chamber to remove the influence of impurities contained in the air on the experimental ***,solid particles with different concentration,particle size and particle dielectric constant were added to the discharge chamber to carry out the DC positive polarity breakdown characteristic *** experimental results show that compared with dry clean air,the presence of solid particle increases the breakdown voltage of the gap,and the increase proportion of breakdown voltage is related to the particle concentration,particle size and particle dielectric *** the same particle type and particle size,the increase proportion of breakdown voltage increases with the higher concentration,which up to 10.49%.For further investigating,the fluid mechanics model was selected to simulate the process of streamer discharge in unclean *** results show that compared with dry clean air,the presence of particles enhances the gap discharge ionisation process,but also enhances the adsorption of particles,and the latter has stronger effect than the former,thus increases the gap breakdown *** the same time,the enhancement of adsorption effect increases the electric field intensity of the gap and speeds up the development process of streamer discharge.

关键词： particle size solid

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