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Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping of maize Yield and Its Components Under Different Water Treatments at Flowering Time

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2006年第10期48卷 1233-1243页

作者： Gui-He Lu Ji-Hua Tang Jian-Bing Yan Xi-Qing Ma Jian-Sheng Li Shao-Jiang Chen Jian-Cang Ma Zhan-Xian Liu Li-Zhu E Yi-Rong Zhang Jing-Rui Dai The National maize Improvement Center of China China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China Industrial Crop Institute Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Fenyang 032200 Shanxi China zhangye maize seed farm Zhangye 734024 Gansu China

Drought or water stress is a serious agronomic problem resulting in maize （Zea mays L.） yield loss throughout the world. Breeding hybrids with drought tolerance is one important approach for solving this problem. However, lower efficiency and a longer period of breeding hybrids are disadvantages of traditional breeding programs. It is generally recognized that applying molecular marker techniques to traditional breeding programs could improve the efficiency of the breeding of drought-tolerant maize. To provide useful information for use in studies of maize drought tolerance, the mapping and tagging of quantitative trait loci （QTL） for yield and its components were performed in the present study on the basis of the principle of a mixed linear model. Two hundred and twenty-one recombinant inbred lines （RIL） of Yuyu 22 were grown under both well-watered and water-stressed conditions. In the former treatment group, plants were well irrigated, whereas those in the latter treatment group were stressed at flowering time. Ten plants of each genotype were grown in a row that was 3.00 m × 0.67 m （length × width）. The results show that a few of the QTL were the same （one additive QTL for ear length, two additive QTL and one pair of epistatic QTL for kernel number per row, one additive QTL for kernel weight per plant）, whereas most of other QTL were different between the two different water treatment groups. It may be that genetic expression differs under the two different water conditions. Furthermore, differences in the additive and epistatic QTL among the traits under water-stressed conditions indicate that genetic expression also differs from trait to trait. Major and minor QTL were detected for the traits, except for kernel number per row, under water-stressed conditions. Thus, the genetic mechanism of drought tolerance in maize is complex because the additive and epistatic QTL exist at the same time and the major and minor QTL all contribute to phenotype under water-stres

关键词： flowering time maize (Zea mays) quantitative trait loci mapping water treatment yield and its components

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ORF355 confers enhanced salinity stress adaptability to S-type cytoplasmic male sterility maize by modulating the mitochondrial metabolic homeostasis

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第3期65卷 656-673页

作者： Senlin Xiao Wei Song Jinfeng Xing Aiguo Su Yanxin Zhao Chunhui Li Zi Shi Zhiyong Li Shuai Wang Ruyang Zhang Yuanrong Pei Huabang Chen Jiuran Zhao Beijing Key Laboratory of maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding Maize Research InstituteBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Innovative Academy of Seed DesignInstitute of Genetics and Developmental Biologythe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Moderate stimuli in mitochondria improve wideranging stress adaptability in animals, but whether mitochondria play similar roles in plants is largely unknown. Here, we report the enhanced stress adaptability of S-type cytoplasmic male sterility(CMS-S) maize and its association with mild expression of sterilizing gene ORF355. A CMS-S maize line exhibited superior growth potential and higher yield than those of the near-isogenic N-type line in saline fields. Moderate expression of ORF355 induced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and activated the cellular antioxidative defense system. This adaptive response was mediated by elevation of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide concentration and associated metabolic homeostasis. Metabolome analysis revealed broad metabolic changes in CMS-S lines, even in the absence of salinity stress. Metabolic products associated with amino acid metabolism and galactose metabolism were substantially changed, which underpinned the alteration of the antioxidative defense system in CMS-S plants. The results reveal the ORF355-mediated superior stress adaptability in CMS-S maize and might provide an important route to developing salt-tolerant maize varieties.

关键词： cytoplasmic male sterility metabolic homeostasis mitochondria salinity stress adaptability Zea mays L.

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Genetic dissection of maternal influence on in vivo haploid induction in maize

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The Crop Journal 2020年第2期8卷 287-298页

作者： Sudha K.Nair Vijay Chaikam Manje Gowda Vemuri Hindu Albrecht E.Melchinger Prasanna M.Boddupalli International maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) ICRISAT CampusPatancheruGreater Hyderabad 502324India International maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) ICRAF CampusUN AvenueGigiriP.O.Box 1041-00621NairobiKenya Institute of Plant Breeding Seed Science and Population GeneticsUniversity of HohenheimD-70593 StuttgartGermany

In vivo haploid induction based on maternal haploid inducers is the first step in deriving completely homozygous maize doubled haploid(DH) lines. Haploid induction rate(HIR) is influenced by both pollen parent inducing haploidy and the maternal source germplasm used in induction crosses. This study was aimed at analyzing the influence of source germplasm on HIR using 671 tropical inbred lines organized in two association mapping panels. These two association mapping panels(AMP1 and AMP2) were crossed to two different Tropically Adapted Inducer Lines(TAILs). For HIR assessment, seeds from induction crosses were planted in the field and ploidy status of each surviving plant was assessed using a gold standard classification based on visual differences between the haploid and diploid plants. The analysis revealed significant variation for HIR and led to identification of several tropical inbred lines that respond very positively to haploid induction. Use of HIR data in a genome wide association study(GWAS) led to identification of twenty-seven and two SNPs that were significantly associated with HIR in AMP1 and AMP2,respectively. Meta-analysis of AMP1 and AMP2 GWAS led to identification of 52 SNPs with significant effect on HIR across both studies. Genome-wide prediction revealed moderate to high prediction accuracy within AMPs using random SNPs. Inclusion of the SNPs detected in GWAS into the prediction model led to improvement in prediction accuracy. Overall, the study revealed that the maternal influence on HIR is controlled by a few moderate and many small effect QTL.

关键词： planted prediction vivo

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Overexpression of the Suaeda salsa SsNHX1 gene confers enhanced salt and drought tolerance to transgenic Zea mays

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第12期17卷 2612-2623页

作者： HUANG Ying ZHANG Xiao-xia LI Yi-hong DING Jian-zhou DU Han-mei ZHAO Zhuo ZHOU Li-na LIU Chan GAO Shi-bin CAO Mo-ju LU Yan-li ZHANG Su-zhi Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of maize in Southwest Region Ministry of Agriculture/Maize Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural University

maize is one of the most important crops worldwide, but it suffers from salt stress when grown in saline-alkaline soil. There is therefore an urgent need to improve maize salt tolerance and crop yield. In this study, the SsNHX1 gene of Suaeda salsa, which encodes a vacuolar membrane Na~+/H~+ antiporter, was transformed into the maize inbred line 18-599 by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Transgenic maize plants overexpressing the SsNHX1 gene showed less growth retardation when treated with an increasing NaCl gradient of up to 1%, indicating enhanced salt tolerance. The improved salt tolerance of transgenic plants was also demonstrated by a significantly elevated seed germination rate(79%) and a reduction in seminal root length inhibition. Moreover, transgenic plants under salt stress exhibited less physiological damage. SsNHX1-overexpressing transgenic maize accumulated more Na~+ and K~+ than wild-type(WT) plants particularly in the leaves, resulting in a higher ratio of K~+/Na~+ in the leaves under salt stress. This result revealed that the improved salt tolerance of SsNHX1-overexpressing transgenic maize plants was likely attributed to SsNHX1-mediated localization of Na~+ to vacuoles and subsequent maintenance of the cytosolic ionic balance. In addition, SsNHX1 overexpression also improved the drought tolerance of the transgenic maize plants, as rehydrated transgenic plants were restored to normal growth while WT plants did not grow normally after dehydration treatment. Therefore, based on our engineering approach, SsNHX1 represents a promising candidate gene for improving the salt and drought tolerance of maize and other crops.

关键词： Na^+/H^+ antiporter salt stress K^+/Na^+ drought stress gene transformation

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Antioxidant metabolic system and comparative proteomics analysis in winter turnip rape(Brassica rapa L.)under cold stress

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Oil Crop Science 2022年第2期7卷 95-102页

作者： Xiucun Zeng Li Ma Jinhai Yuan Yaping Xie Tianxia Guan Xiaoqin Wang Guotai Ma Yaozhao Xu Wancang Sun School of Life Science and Engineering/College of Agriculture and Ecological Engineering/Key Laboratory of Hexi Corridor Resources Utilization of Gansu Hexi UniversityZhangye734000China College of Agronomy Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou730070China Linze County seed Administration Zhangye734000China Crop Research Institute Gansu Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou730070China

Winter turnip rape(Brassica rapa L.)is widely cultivated in winter in Northwest China,however,its cold-tolerant mechanism remains insufficiently *** this study,winter turnip rape cultivar Longyou 7,a cold-tolerant variety,was used as material,whose accumulation of H_(2)O_(2) and O_(2)^(·-),antioxidant enzyme activity as well as differences in protein expression based on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis(2-DE)technique under -4℃ stress were *** showed that,production of H_(2)O_(2) and O_(2)^(·-) were increased in Longyou 7 leaves,simultaneously,SOD and POD activities were also obviously rosed up,but the activities of CAT and APX were gradually reduced with the ***-six differential protein spots were successfully identified between control and treatments group by using mass spectrometry *** them,4 differential protein spots were induced under cold stress,and 2 were inhibited at-4℃.Functional analysis found that these identified proteins mainly participated in photosynthesis,carbohydrate metabolism,defense,protein synthesis,enzyme activity,redox and membrane metabolism,***,13 proteins'function were still *** conclusion,strong antioxidant capacity and cell defense ability might play important roles in Longyou 7 response to cold stress.

关键词： Brassica rapa Accumulation of H2O2 and O2- Antioxidant enzyme activity Cold stress

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High-throughput haploid induction in species with bisexual flowers

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Plant Communications 2023年第1期4卷 209-212页

作者： Xiaolong Qi Jinchu Liu Zongkai Liu Chen Chen Baojian Chen Shuwei Guo Zhongfu Ni Yu Zhong Shaojiang Chen Chenxu Liu College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China National maize Improvement Center China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Hainan Yazhou Bay seed Laboratory Sanya 572024China

Dear Editor,Doubled haploid(DH)technology can significantly accelerate the development of homozygous *** breeding has achieved great success inmaize because of the discovery of the first haploid inducer,Stock6,and the development of a series of high-efficiency haploid inducers(Hu et al.,2016).Pioneering studies on the genetic basis of haploid induction(HI)revealed that loss-offunction mutation of the phospholipase gene ZmPLA1/MATL/NLD triggers HI and that the HI rate(HIR)can be dramatically enhanced by a single nucleotide substitution from T to C in ZmDMP(Jacquier et al.,2020).Remarkably,knockout of ZmPLA1/MATL/NLD homologs in rice,wheat,and foxtail millet results in HIRs of 2%–6%,5%–15%,and 2%–3%,respectively(Jacquier et al.,2020;Cheng et al.,2021).In addition,loss of function of ZmDMP-like genes enables HI in species including Arabidopsis,tomato,rapeseed,tobacco,etc.,with an average HIR of around 2%(Zhong et al.,2020,2022a,2022b).These successes have laid solid foundations for the construction of a universal DH breeding system in different crop *** importantly,HI-Edit/IMGE systems that enable gene editing in elite germplasms have been established on the basis of HI,making HI even more important(Kelliher et al.,2019;Wang et al.,2019).

关键词： breeding elite enable

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Activation of Mitochondrial orf355 Gene Expression by a Nuclear-Encoded DREB Transcription Factor Causes Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in maize

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Molecular Plant 2020年第9期13卷 1270-1283页

作者： Senlin Xiao Jie Zang Yuanrong Pei Jie Liu Juan Liu Wei Song Zi Shi Aiguo Su Jiuran Zhao Huabang Chen State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineer ngInnovative Academy of Seed DesignInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100864China Beijing Key Laboratory of maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding Maize Research CenterBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing100097China

Coordination between mitochondria and the nucleus is crucial for fertility determination in plants with cytoplasmic male sterility(CMS).Using yeast one-hybrid screening,we identified a transcription factor,ZmDREB1.7,that is highly expressed in sterile microspores at the large vacuole stage and activates the expression of mitochondria-encoded CMS gene orf355.Δpro,a weak allele of ZmDREB1.7 with the loss of a key unfolded protein response(UPR)motif in the promoter,partially restores male fertility of CMS-S ***1.7 expression increases rapidly in response to antimycin A treatment,but this response is attenuated in theΔpro ***,we found that expression of orf355 in mitochondria activates mitochondrial retrograde signaling,which in turn induces ZmDREB1.7 *** together,these findings demonstrate that positive-feedback transcriptional regulation between a nuclear regulator and a mitochondrial CMS gene determines male sterility in maize,providing new insights into nucleus-mitochondria communication in plants.

关键词： maize cytoplasmic male sterility transcription factor nucleus-mitochondria communication

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Characterization and expression analysis of a novel RING-HC gene,ZmRHCP1,involved in brace root development and abiotic stress responses in maize

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第9期16卷 1892-1899页

作者： LI Wen-lan SUN Qi LI Wen-cai YU Yan-li ZHAO Meng MENG Zhao-dong maize Research Institute Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences~National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Maize/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Northern Yellow-Huai River PlainMinistry of AgricultureJinan 250100.P.R.China

RING is a really interesting new gene which plays important regulatory roles in many developmental processes as well as in plant-environment interactions. In the present report, the Zm RHCP1 gene encoding a putative RING-HC protein was isolated from maize and characterized. The Zm RHCP1 protein contained 310 amino acid residues with a conserved RINGHC zinc-finger motif and two transmembrane（TM） domains. Zm RHCP1 was expressed ubiquitously in various organs（root, stem, leaf, seedling, immature ear, and tassel）, but its transcript levels were higher in vegetative organs than in reproductive organs. Moreover, the expression pattern of Zm RHCP1 in brace roots indicated that Zm RHCP1 functions in brace root initiation. In addition, Zm RHCP1 expression was regulated by abiotic stresses. The expression results suggested that Zm RHCP1 plays important roles in brace root development and abiotic stress responses. The findings of the present study provide important information to help us understand the function of Zm RHCP1 in maize.

关键词： RING-HC zinc-finger brace root expression abiotic stresses maize

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qSTA2-2,a novel QTL that contributes to seed starch synthesis in Zea mays L.

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第4期23卷 1118-1133页

作者： Minghao Cai Xuhui Li Zhi Liang Jie Wang Delin Li Zhipeng Yuan Riliang Gu Jianhua Wang Li Li State Key Laboratory of maize Bio-breeding/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Utilization Ministry of Education/Beijing Innovation Center for Crop Seed Technology/College of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Institute of Nanfan&seed Industry Guangdong Academy of ScienceGuangzhou 510316China Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

The seed storage materials accumulate during seed development,and are essential for seed germination and seedling *** we employed two bi-parental populations of an F2:3 population developed from a cross of improved 220(I220,small seeds with low starch)and PH4CV(large seeds with high starch),as well as recombinant-inbred lines(RILs)of X178(high starch)and its improved introgression line I178(low starch),to identify the genes that control seed storage *** identified a total of 12 QTLs for starch,protein and oil,which explained 3.44-10.79%of the phenotypic *** them,qSTA2-1 identified in F2:3 and qSTA2-2 identified in the RILs partially overlapped at an interval of 7.314-9.554 Mb,and they explained 3.44-10.21%of the starch content variation,so they were selected for further *** mapping of qSTA2-2 with the backcrossed populations of ^(I220)/PH4CV in each generation narrowed it down to a 199.7 kb interval that contains 14 open reading frames(ORFs).Transcriptomic analysis of developing seeds from the near-isogenic lines(NILs)of ^(I220)/PH4CV(BC_(5)F_(2))showed that only 11 ORFs were expressed in 20 days after pollination(DAP)*** of them were upregulated and six of them were downregulated in NIL^(I220),and the differentially expressed genes(DEGs)between NIL^(I220) and NIL^(PH4CV) were enriched in starch metabolism,hormone signal transduction and glycosaminoglycan *** the eleven NIL^(I220) differential expressed ORFs,ORF4(Zm00001d002260)and ORF5(Zm00001d002261)carry 75%protein sequence similarity,both encodes an glycolate oxidase,were the possible candidates of *** analysis and validation indicated that mutation of the qSTA2-2 locus resulted in the dysfunction of ABA accumulation,the embryo/endosperm ratio and the starch and hormone levels.

关键词： QTL mapping seed starch transcriptomic analysis hormone

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Heat-tolerant maize for rainfed hot,dry environments in the lowland tropics:From breeding to improved seed delivery

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The Crop Journal 2023年第4期11卷 986-1000页

作者： Pervez H.Zaidi Madhumal Thayil Vinayan Sudha K.Nair Prakash H.Kuchanur Ramesh Kumar Shyam Bir Singh Mahendra Prasad Tripathi Ayyanagouda Patil Salahuddin Ahmed Aamir Hussain Atul Prabhakar Kulkarni Passang Wangmo Mitchell R.Tuinstra Boddupalli M.Prasanna International maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) Hyderabad 502324India University of Agricultural Sciences Raichur 584104KarnatakaIndia ICAR-Indian Institute of maize Research Ludhiana 141001BiharIndia National maize Research Program RampurChitwan 44200Nepal Bangladesh Wheat and maize Research Institute Dinajpur-5201Bangladesh maize and Millet Research Institute YusafwalaSahiwal 57000Pakistan Agriculture Research and Development Centre Wengkhar 43001Bhutan Institute of Plant Sciences Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47906USA International maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) NairobiKenya

Climate change-induced heat stress combines two challenges:high day-and nighttime temperatures,and physiological water deficit due to demand-side drought caused by increase in vapor-pressure *** is one of the major factors in low productivity of maize in rainfed stress-prone environments in South Asia,affecting a large population of smallholder farmers who depend on maize for their sustenance and *** International maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)maize program in Asia,in partnership with public-sector maize research institutes and private-sector seed companies in South Asian countries,is implementing an intensive initiative for developing and deploying heat-tolerant maize that combines high yield potential with resilience to heat and drought *** the integration of novel breeding tools and methods,including genomics-assisted breeding,doubled haploidy,fieldbased precision phenotyping,and trait-based selection,new maize germplasm with increased tolerance to heat stress is being developed for the South Asian *** a decade of concerted effort has resulted in the successful development and release of 20 high-yielding heat-tolerant maize hybrids in CIMMYT genetic *** public–private partnerships,eight hybrids are presently being deployed on over 50,000 ha in South Asian countries,including Bangladesh,Bhutan,India,Nepal,and Pakistan.

关键词： Climate change Drought Heat stress Lowland tropics maize Vapor pressure deficit

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