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The Teleconnection between Rainfall over the Northeastern Slope of the Tibetan Plateau and Downstream Regions:Insights from 20 Years of Heavy Rainfall Events

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2025年第2期42卷 327-341页

作者： Wei SUN Rucong YU Jian LI Zewen LI State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China institute of Tibetan Plateau Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationChengdu 610072China Department of Atmospheric Science Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Mete-orological Service Center Hohhot 010051China

The connection between rainfall over topographic regions and their downstream areas represents a phenomenon of great concern in atmospheric *** on the rainfall events of the past two decades,we analyzed the impact of rainfall over the Northeastern Slope of the Tibetan Plateau(NSTP)on rainfall in downstream *** discovered that rainfall followed two propagation routes,guided by two modes related to the three-dimensional circulation *** the first mode,dominated by cold(warm)anomalies along the west(east)direction,rainfall over the NSTP was concentrated between an upstream cyclonic and a downstream anti-cyclonic anomalous circulation(an upstream trough and a downstream ridge).This pattern was accompanied by upper-level divergence,low-level convergence,a deep moist layer,and a vertical *** a consequence of the eastward movement of the trough-ridge system associated with the coldwarm anomalies,the rainfall over the NSTP moved eastward along 37°-40°N,reaching North China after about 36 *** the second mode,the circulation structure was also dominated by cold-warm anomalies but rotated clockwise,introducing cold anomalies to the northeast and warm anomalies to the east of the *** the southeastward movement of the circulation structure,rainfall concentrated upstream of the anti-cyclonic circulation around the warm center before moving southeastward to the Sichuan Basin along the eastern edge of the plateau after 30-36 *** findings of this study could broaden the understanding of rainfall-related teleconnection between two distant regions and offer helpful guidance for identifying early signals of rainfall disasters over the Chinese mainland.

关键词： teleconnection rainfall propagation three-dimensional circulation structure upper-tropospheric temperature anomaly

Effects of mode of reproduction on genetic polymorphism and divergence in wild yams(Dioscoreaceae:Dioscorea)

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Plant Diversity 2025年第1期47卷 136-147页

作者： Xin Wang Qing-Hong Feng Zhi-Hua Zeng Zhi-Qiang Zhang Jie Cai Gao Chen De-Zhu Li Hong Wang Wei Zhou Germplasm Bank of Wild Species&yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology Institute of BiodiversitySchool of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan UniversityKunmingYunnan 650504China Research institute of Tropical Forestry Yunnan Academy of Forestry and GrasslandXishuangbannaYunnan 666102China CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural Medicines Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China Lijiang Forest Biodiversity National Observation and Research Station Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesLijiangYunnan 674100China

Evolutionary transitions from sexual to asexual reproduction should have significant influences on genetic divergence and polymorphism at the genome *** lineages with diverse reproductive systems provide opportunities to investigate this question using comparative approaches and studies of molecular *** investigated evidence for differences among the transcriptomes of 19 Dioscorea species(wild yams)with diverse reproductive *** included sexual species,those that propagate primarily by bulbils,and those with mixed sexual and asexual reproductive *** examined how transitions between these reproductive systems affected between-species divergence and within-species *** asexual species exhibited a reduced efficacy of natural selection and accumulation of deleterious mutations for both divergence and *** contrast,species with mixed reproductive strategies involving both seed and clonal reproduction showed no evidence of an increased fixation of harmful mutations at the divergence level,while an accumulation of genetic load present in polymorphism was *** study indicates that the genetic consequences of evolutionary transitions from sexual to predominantly clonal reproduction is likely to depend on both the duration and extent of asexuality occurring in populations.

关键词： Asexual Deleterious mutations Dioscorea Molecular evolution Selection

Gradient maturation experiment on hairs implies taphonomic changes in fossil hairs

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 62-73页

作者： Xin LI Yibo ZHOU Tao ZHAO Xingjian HE Yanhong PAN State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research Center for Critical Earth Material CyclingCentre for Research and Education on Biological Evolution and Environment and Frontiers ScienceSchool of Earth Sciences and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China institute of Palaeontology Yunnan Key Laboratory of Earth System ScienceYunnan Key Laboratory for PalaeobiologyYunnan UniversityKunming650500China

Mammalian hair,as a key feature related to endothermy,physical protection,and camouflage,has a long geohistorical record that dates back even to the ***,the limited information on the taphonomy of hair hinders the understanding of its evolutionary significance in deep *** address this,we conducted taphonomic experiments to simulate the transformation process of black *** changes in the morphological structure,microscopic characteristics,and chemical composition of hair during the simulated fossilization process were documented by scanning electron microscopy,Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy,and Raman *** results revealed that damage to the morphology of hair began at a mild temperature(150–175℃),and hair transformed into a fluid-like mass at a relatively high temperature(200℃).In addition,the morphological structure of melanosomes had relatively greater preservation potential than keratins did,and the microscopic features of melanosomes were persistently *** Raman and FTIR spectra indicated that the characteristic melanin and keratin peaks changed as the temperature *** the chemical signals were not lost completely,the variations in the characteristic amide bands in the FTIR spectra indicate that the keratins severely degraded at high temperatures(>200℃),whereas the characteristic melanin bands in the Raman spectra suggested that melanin signals were still recognizable,even at high temperatures(>200℃).These results were confirmed by principal component analysis(PCA)and principal component analysis linear discriminant analysis(PCA–LDA).In addition,the Raman signals of all the samples in the simulated experiments were distinguished from the signals of common geological carbonaceous materials(humic acid),which suggested that Raman spectroscopy can be used to detect melanin in fossils.

关键词： Mammalian hair Melanin Keratin Fossilization Experimental taphonomy

Fresh insights into the onset of big mantle wedge beneath the North China Craton

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Acta Geochimica 2025年第1期44卷 145-162页

作者： Yingpeng Wang Xuance Wang Wen Zhang Xiaowei Yu Ligong Wang Jinhui Wang Peigang Zhu Yongbin Wang Shandong institute of Geological Survey Ji’nan 250014People’s Republic of China yunnan Key Laboratory of Earth System Science Yunnan UniversityEast Outer Ring RoadChenggong DistrictKunming 650500Yunnan ProvincePeople’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Critical Minerals Metallogeny in Universities of yunnan Province Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500People’s Republic of China Radiogenic Isotope Facility School of Earth and Environment SciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia

The onset of the big mantle wedge(BMW)structure beneath the North China Craton remains *** on the genesis of Late Mesozoic granites associated with gold deposits in the Jiaodong Peninsula above the BMW could provide fresh insights into this *** monzogranite from the Zhaoxian-Shaling gold district was intruded during 154-148 *** I-type granite has high-K calc-alkaline and metaluminous *** monzogranite formed at medium temperatures(718-770℃)and was generated in a thickened lower crust at depths within the stability field of *** monzogranite’s high zircon Ce^(4+)/Ce^(3+)and Eu_(N)/Eu_(N)^(*)values and low FeOT/MgO ratios,suggest that it formed in a high oxygen *** variableε_(Hf)(t)values with T_(DM2)of 1.93-2.87 Ga imply that it originated from the melting of ancient crust basement,with contributions from mantle-derived *** granite’s enrichment in LREEs and LILEs,and depletion in HREEs and HFSEs,along with its trace element tectonic discrimination diagrams and medium Sr/Y,indicate an adakite affinity in an active continental margin *** transition from S-type granites to I-type granites and finally to A-type granites observed in the eastern part of North China Craton suggests a shift in the tectonic environment from compression to *** change is also reflected in the transition from flat subduction to steep ***,the monzogranite was formed in a tectonic transition setting triggered by a change in the subduction angle of the PaleoPacific Ocean slab during the Late *** event may have marked the initiation of the BMW above the North China Craton.

关键词： Zircon U-Pb age Hf isotopic composition Jiaodong Peninsula North China Craton

Subgenome asymmetry of gibberellins-related genes plays important roles in regulating rapid growth of bamboos

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Plant Diversity 2025年第1期47卷 68-81页

作者： Ling Mao Cen Guo Liang-Zhong Niu Yu-Jiao Wang Guihua Jin Yi-Zhou Yang Ke-Cheng Qian Yang Yang Xuemei Zhang Peng-Fei Ma De-Zhu Li Zhen-Hua Guo Germplasm Bank of Wild Species&yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China Center for Integrative Conservation&yunnan Key Laboratory for the Conservation of Tropical Rainforests and Asian Elephants Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglunMenglaYunnan 666303China yunnan Key Laboratory of Dai and Yi Medicines Yunnan University of Chinese MedicineKunmingYunnan 650500China

Rapid growth is an innovative trait of woody bamboos that has been widely ***,the genetic basis and evolution of this trait are poorly *** advantage of genomic resources of 11 representative bamboos at different ploidal levels,we integrated morphological,physiological,and transcriptomic datasets to investigate rapid *** particular,these bamboos include two large-sized and a small-sized woody species,compared with a diploid herbaceous *** results showed that gibberellin A1 was important for the rapid shoot growth of the world's largest bamboo,Dendrocalamus sinicus,and indicated that two gibberellins(GAs)-related genes,KAO and SLRL1,were key to the rapid shoot growth and culm size in woody *** expression of GAs-related genes exhibited significant subgenome asymmetry with subgenomes A and C demonstrating expression dominance in the large-sized woody bamboos while the generally submissive subgenomes B and D dominating in the small-sized *** subgenome asymmetry was found to be correlated with the subgenome-specific gene structure,particularly UTRs and core *** study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanism and evolution of rapid shoot growth following allopolyploidization in woody bamboos,particularly via subgenome *** findings are helpful for understanding of how polyploidization in general and subgenome asymmetry in particular contributed to the origin of innovative traits in plants.

关键词： Allopolyploids GAs DEGs Culm sizes Rapid shoot growth Woody bamboos

New insight into the origin and evolution of the flora and fauna of Hainan Island,China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 52-61页

作者： Hua ZHU Center for Integrative Conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesYunnan International Joint Laboratory of Southeast Asia Biodiversity ConservationYunnan Key Laboratory for the Conservation of Tropical Rainforests and Asian ElephantsMengla666303China

The origin of the biota of Hainan Island,China,remains a fundamental scientific *** studies on the biota,geological tectonics,and paleomagnetism proposed that during the Eocene,Hainan Island connected Vietnam and Guangxi,and then moved to the southeast to reach its present *** review mainly discusses its biota origin from molecular phylogeny and palaeobotanical *** formation and evolution of the biological groups of Hainan Island were identified via research on their genomes,phylogeny,and molecular *** research showed that the genera and species that appeared and diverged early in their evolution(i.e.,before the Miocene)can be explained by the land connection between Hainan Island,Vietnam,and Guangxi during the *** to Southeast Asian tectonic theory,in the Middle Miocene(at about 15 million years ago),Hainan Island had moved to its present *** population and genetic divergence of species with late divergence times(after 15 Ma)can be reasonably explained by the close proximity(or land connection)between Hainan Island and the Leizhou Peninsula,enabling genetic communication between Hainan Island and the Chinese mainland,but have exceptional *** have been obtained through palaeobotanical studies,showing that in the Eocene-Oligocene period,southwest China and Hainan Island had subtropical vegetation and ***,the fossil group in southeast China(in Maoming,near present-day Hainan Island)in the Late Eocene indicated a tropical rainforest vegetation and *** suggests that in the Paleogene,Hainan Island may have been located near or on the southwest border of Guangxi and northern Vietnam,rather than in its present *** floristic division of the flora of Hainan Island basically presents a northeast-southwest inclined distribution *** pattern can be explained by the counterclockwise rotation of Hainan Island during its movement to the southeast as prop

关键词： Molecular phylogeny Biogeography Paleobotany Origin of flora and fauna Hainan Island of China

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Vegetation mapping of yunnan Province by integrating remote sensing, field observations, and models

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第3期68卷 836-849页

作者： Mingjian XIAHOU Mingchun PENG Zehao SHEN Qingzhong WEN Chongyun WANG Yannan LIU Qiuyuan ZHANG Lei PENG Changyuan YU Xiaokun OU Jingyun FANG Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes College of Urban & Environmental SciencesPeking University School of Ecology and Environment Yunnan University yunnan institute of Forest Inventory and Planning

Vegetation maps are crucial for ecologists and decision-makers, providing essential information on the spatial distribution of various vegetation types to support ecosystem exploration and management. Despite advancements in Earth observation and machine learning enabling large-scale vegetation mapping, creating detailed and accurate maps in biodiversity hotspots remains challenging due to significant environmental heterogeneity and frequent human disturbances. The lack of sufficient ground-based data and complex climate-vegetation interactions further limits mapping accuracy. In this study, we developed an integrated framework for multi-source data fusion to enhance vegetation mapping and validation in yunnan Province, a global biodiversity hotspot region in Southwest China. The mapping process involved four key steps:(1) vegetation classification using random forest and Landsat imagery,(2) boundary calibration based on a locally calibrated static climatevegetation model,(3) patch correction with independent forest inventory data, and(4) validation using adequate field observations. This approach enabled the mapping of 17 vegetation types and 44 subtypes in yunnan Province(1:50000), categorized based on the growth-form composition of dominant species of the community. The overall accuracies were 0.747 and0.710 for natural vegetation types and subtypes, and 0.905 and 0.891 for artificial types and subtypes. This high-resolution map enhances our understanding of vegetation distribution and ecological complexity in this region, offering valuable insights for policymakers to support conservation efforts and sustainable management strategies.

关键词： Vegetation mapping Biodiversity hotspot region Multi-source data Data-fusion framework Ecological diversity

Identification of novel rodent and shrew orthohepeviruses sheds light on hepatitis E virus evolution

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Zoological Research 2025年第01期 103-121页

作者： Fu-Li Li Bo Wang Pei-Yu Han Bei Li Hao-Rui Si Yan Zhu Hong-Min Yin Li-Dong Zong Yi Tang Zheng-Li Shi Ben Hu Xing-Lou Yang Yun-Zhi Zhang institute of Preventive Medicine School of Public Health Dali University Yunnan Key Laboratory of Screening and Research on Antipathogenic Plant Resources from Western Yunnan Yunnan Key Laboratory of Zoonotic Disease Cross-border Prevention and Quarantine Second People's Hospital of Qujing Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases Duke-NUS Medical School CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens Wuhan Institute of Virology Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models Yunnan International Joint Laboratory of Zoonotic Viruses Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Information Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences

The family Hepeviridae has seen an explosive expansion in its host range in recent years, yet the evolutionary trajectory of this zoonotic pathogen remains largely unknown. The emergence of rat hepatitis E virus(HEV)has introduced a new public health threat due to its potential for zoonotic transmission. This study investigated2 ?464 wild small mammals spanning four animal orders,eight families, 21 genera, and 37 species in yunnan Province, China. Using broadly reactive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR), we systematically screened the presence and prevalence of Orthohepevirus and identified 192 positive specimens from10 species, corresponding to an overall detection rate of7.79%. Next-generation sequencing enabled the recovery of 24 full-length genomic sequences from eight host species, including Bandicota bengalensis, Eothenomys eleusis, and Episoriculus caudatus, representing newly reported host species for Orthohepevirus *** and sequence analyses revealed extensive genetic diversity within orthohepeviruses infecting rodents and shrews. Notably, among the identified strains, 20 were classified as Rocahepevirus ratti C1, two as C3, and one as Rocahepevirus eothenomi, while the remaining strain exhibited significant divergence, precluding *** analyses highlighted close associations between orthohepeviruses and their respective host taxa,with distinct phylogenetic clustering patterns observed across different host orders. These findings emphasize the critical roles of co-speciation and cross-species transmission in shaping the evolutionary trajectories of the genera Paslahepevirus and Rocahepevirus.

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A New Antiarch,Bothriolepis zhujiangyuanensis ***.,from the Eifelian(Middle Devonian)of Qujing,yunnan,SW China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2025年第1期99卷 1-14页

作者： XIAN Zumin PAN Zhaohui WANG Jianhua JIA Liantao ZHAO Yingtian LUO Yanchao ZHU Min yunnan Key Laboratory for Palaeobiology Institute of PalaeontologyYunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044China Qujing Normal University Yunnan 655000China

A new species of Bothriolepis(Placodermi,Antiarcha),*** ***.,is described from the Eifelian(Middle Devonian)Shangshuanghe Formation at the Pearl River Source Scenic Area,Qujing,yunnan Province,southwestern China and is characterized by a broad postpineal plate bearing a straight anterior margin,a premedian plate wider than long,and a weakly developed dorsal median ridge of the trunk *** the eighth Bothriolepis taxon in China,*** *** a wealth of morphological data to clarify the intrageneric *** parsimony analysis,using a revised data set of the genus with 76 ingroup taxa and 72 characters,yields a well-resolved consensus tree for *** phylogenetic result shows a sister-group relationship between *** and *** from Kazakhstan,corroborating the biogeographic proximity between the South China and Kazakhstania blocks during the Middle Devonian.

关键词： vertebrate paleontology placoderms Bothriolepis phylogeny paleobiogeography Eifelian yunnan Province