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Typhoon-and pollution-driven enhancement of reactive bromine in the mid-latitude marine boundary layer

National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 93-101页

作者： Shanshan Wang Qinyi Li Ruifeng Zhang Anoop Sharad Mahajan Swaleha Inamdar Nuria Benavent Sanbao Zhang Ruibin Xue Jian Zhu Chenji Jin Yan Zhang Xiao Fu Alba Badia Rafael P.Fernandez Carlos A.Cuevas Tao Wang Bin Zhou Alfonso Saiz-Lopez Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3) Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan University institute of Eco-Chongming(IEC) Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Institute of Physical Chemistry Blas CabreraCSIC Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Environment research institute Shandong University Centre for Climate Change research Indian Institute of Tropical MeteorologyMinistry of Earth Sciences Department of Chemistry University of Colorado Boulder institute of Environment and Ecology Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua University Sostenipra research Group Institute of Environmental Science and Technology(ICTA)Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona(UAB) institute for Interdisciplinary Science (ICB) National Research Council (CONICET)

Tropospheric reactive bromine is important for atmospheric chemistry,regional air pollution,and global *** studies have reported measurements of atmospheric reactive bromine species in different environments,and proposed their main sources,***-salt aerosol（SSA）,oceanic biogenic activity,polar snow/ice,and *** and other strong cyclonic activities（***） induce abrupt changes in different earth system processes,causing widespread destructive ***,the role of typhoons in regulating reactive bromine abundance and sources remains ***,we report field observations of bromine oxide（BrO）,a critical indicator of reactive bromine,on the Huaniao Island（HNI）in the East China Sea in July *** observed high levels of BrO below 500 m with a daytime average of9.7±4.2 pptv and a peak value of ～26 pptv under the influence of a *** field measurements,supported by model simulations,suggest that the typhoon-induced drastic increase in wind speed amplifies the emission of SSA,significantly enhancing the activation of reactive bromine from SSA *** also detected enhanced BrO mixing ratios under high NOxconditions（ppbv level） suggesting a potential pollution-induced mechanism of bromine release from *** elevated levels of atmospheric bromine noticeably increase ozone destruction by as much as ～40% across the East China *** the high frequency of cyclonic activity in the northern hemisphere,reactive bromine chemistry is expected to play a more important role than previously thought in affecting coastal air quality and atmospheric oxidation *** suggest that models need to consider the hitherto overlooked typhoon-and pollution-mediated increase in reactive bromine levels when assessing the synergic effects of cyclonic activities on the earth system.

关键词： reactive bromine atmospheric chemistry marine boundary layer atmospheric oxidation capacity marine emission

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OsATL32 ubiquitinates the reactive oxygen species-producing OsRac5-OsRbohB module to suppress rice immunity

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第7期66卷 1459-1480页

作者： Yuqing Yan Hui Wang Yan Bi Jiajing Wang Muhammad Noman Dayong Li Fengming Song National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding Institute of BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of crop Pathogens and Insect Pests Institute of BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Key Laboratory of Biology of crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province Institute of BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Ubiquitination-mediated protein degradation is integral to plant immunity,with E3 ubiquitin ligases acting as key factors in this ***,we report the functions of OsATL32,a plasma membrane-localized Arabidopsis Tóxicos En Levadura(ATL)-type E3 ubiquitin ligase,in rice(Oryza sativa)immunity and its associated regulatory *** found that the expression of OsATL32 is downregulated in both compatible and incompatible interactions between rice and the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe *** OsATL32 protein level declines in response to infection by a compatible *** strain or to chitin ***32 negatively regulates rice resistance to blast and bacterial leaf blight diseases,as well as chitin-triggered *** and genetic studies revealed that OsATL32 suppresses pathogen-induced reactive oxygen species(ROS)accumulation by mediating ubiquitination and degradation of the ROS-producing OsRac5–OsRbohB module,which enhances rice immunity against *** protein phosphatase PHOSPHATASE AND TENSIN HOMOLOG enhances rice blast resistance by dephosphorylating OsATL32 and promoting its degradation,preventing its negative effect on rice *** study provides insights into the molecular mechanism by which the E3 ligase OsATL32 targets a ROS-producing module to undermine rice immunity.

关键词： E3 ligase OsATL32 OsRac5-OsRbohB module phosphatase OsPTEN reactive oxygen species rice immunity

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The cropGPT project:Call for a global,coordinated effort in precision design breeding driven by Al using biological big data

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Molecular Plant 2024年第2期17卷 215-218页

作者： Wanchao Zhu Rui Han Xiaoyang Shang Tao Zhou Chengyong Liang Xiaomeng Qin Hong Chen Zaiwen Feng Hongwei Zhang Xingming Fan Weifu Li Lin Li National Key Laboratory of crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi712100China College of Informatics Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China State Key Laboratory of crop Gene Resources and Breeding Institute of Crop ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China institute of Food crops Sciences Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences2238 Beijing RoadKunmingYunnan 650200China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory Wuhan 430070China Shenzhen institute of Nutrition and Health Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of AgricultureAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518120China

Since the beginning of humanity,people have been seeking practical solutions to meet their most basic need:*** advent of agriculture greatly increased the food supply and led to a rapid increase in the human *** food production via agriculture can be attributed to both improved crop management practices and crop breeding through ***(crop)breeding has been categorized into four major stages based on the techniques employed(Wallace et al.,2018).

关键词： breeding seeking Wallace

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Grain Yield,Biomass Accumulation,and Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Rice under Combined Salinity-Drought Stress

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Rice science 2024年第1期31卷 118-128,I0023页

作者： WEI Huanhe GENG Xiaoyu ZHANG Xiang ZHU Wang ZHANG Xubin CHEN Yinglong HUO Zhongyang ZHOU Guisheng MENG Tianyao DAI Qigen Jiangsu Key Laboratory of crop Cultivation and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain crops/Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Soil Reclamation and Utilization in Coastal Areas the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China/Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering TechnologyYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development/Joint International research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety the Ministry of Education of ChinaYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

Simultaneous stresses of salinity and drought often coincide during rice-growing seasons in saline lands,primarily due to insufficient water resources and inadequate irrigation ***,combined salinity-drought stress poses a major threat to rice *** this study,two salinity levels(NS,non-salinity;HS,high salinity)along with three drought treatments(CC,control condition;DJ,drought stress imposed at jointing;DH,drought stress imposed at heading)were performed to investigate their combined influences on leaf photosynthetic characteristics,biomass accumulation,and rice yield ***,drought,and their combination led to a shortened growth period from heading to maturity,resulting in a reduced overall growth *** yield was reduced under both salinity and drought stress,with a more substantial reduction under the combined salinity-drought *** combined stress imposed at heading caused greater yield losses in rice compared with the stress imposed at ***,the combined salinity-drought stress induced greater decreases in shoot biomass accumulation from heading to maturity,as well as in shoot biomass and nonstructural carbohydrate(NSC)content in the stem at heading and ***,it increased the harvest index and NSC remobilization *** and drought reduced the leaf area index and SPAD value of flag leaves and weakened the leaf photosynthetic characteristics as indicated by lower photosynthetic rates,transpiration rates,and stomatal *** reductions were more pronounced under the combined ***,drought,and especially their combination,decreased the activities of ascorbate peroxidase,catalase,and superoxide dismutase,while increasing the contents of malondialdehyde,hydrogen peroxide,and superoxide *** results indicated a more significant yield loss in rice when subjected to combined salinity-drought *** individual and combined stresses of salinity and dro

关键词： antioxidant defense system combined salinity-drought stress drought stress photosynthetic characteristics rice salinity stress

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Rice melatonin deficiency causes premature leaf senescence via DNA methylation regulation

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The crop Journal 2024年第3期12卷 721-731页

作者： Yue Lu Ahmed Gharib Rujia Chen Hanyao Wang Tianyun Tao Zhihao Zuo Qing Bu Yanze Su Yaoqing Li Yanmo Luo Hamdi F.El-Mowafi Zhichao Wang Qianfeng Huang Shuting Wang Yang Xu Pengcheng Li Chenwu Xu Zefeng Yang Jiangsu Key Laboratory of crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education Agriculture College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009JiangsuChina Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain crops Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and PhysiologyYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009JiangsuChina National institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences(NILES) Cairo UniversityGiza 12613Egypt Rice research Department Field Crops Research InstituteAgricultural Research CenterSakhaKafr El-Sheikh 33717Egypt

In a study of DNA methylation changes in melatonin-deficient rice mutants,mutant plants showed premature leaf senescence during grain-filling and reduced grain *** deficiency led to transcriptional reprogramming,especially of genes involved in chlorophyll and carbon metabolism,redox regulation,and transcriptional regulation,during dark-induced leaf *** of mCG and mCHG in the melatonin-deficient rice mutants was associated with the expression change of both protein-coding genes and transposable element-related *** in gene expression and DNA methylation in the melatonin-deficient mutants were compensated by exogenous application of melatonin.A decreased S-adenosyl-L-methionine level may have contributed to the DNA methylation variations in rice mutants of melatonin deficiency under dark conditions.

关键词： Melatonin Premature leaf senescence Rice DNA methylation Epigenetic regulation

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A complete reference genome assembly for foxtail millet and Setaria-db, a comprehensive database for Setaria

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Molecular Plant 2024年第2期17卷 219-222页

作者： Qiang He Chunchao Wang Qiang He Jun Zhang Hongkai Liang Zefu Lui Kun Xie Sha Tang Yuhan Zhou Bin Liu Hui Zhi Guanqing Jia Ganggang Guo Huilong Du Xianmin Diao State Key Laboratory of crop Gene Resources and Breeding Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China School of Life Sciences Institute of Life Sciences and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaoding 071000China State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology&Breeding Zhejang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop GermplasmThe Advanced Seed InstituteZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina

Dear Editor,,Foxtail millet(Setaria italica)and its wild ancestor green foxtail(***),are two C4 genetic model plants known for their desirable traits,such as small size,short life cycle,ease of transformation,and a compact genome size(~420 Mb)(He et al.,2023).Foxtail millet stands out as the only cultivated species within the Setaria *** a foundational crop for ancient east Asian agriculture civilization,it possesses remarkable drought and soil-nutrient deficiency tolerance.

关键词： comprehensive soil cultivated

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The source of Double ITCZ induced by the SST bias over the tropical western Pacific as reflected in CAS-ESM2 Model

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1604-1615页

作者： Jinning TONG Fei ZHENG Jiangbo JIN Ruowen YANG Jiang ZHU Qingcun ZENG Department of Atmospheric Sciences Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China International Center for Climate and Environment Science Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

“Double ITCZ”is a common precipitation bias over the tropical Pacific in current climate models and Earth system models,but the reasons for its formation are still worth exploring and *** this study,we adopted the second version of Chinese Academy of Sciences Earth System Model(CAS-ESM2),by comparing a set of sea surface temperature(SST)bias correction experiments over the tropical Pacific,to explore the possible mechanism of SST bias on inducing the“Double ITCZ”from the perspective of the climatic annual mean bias in the coupled *** revealed that the simulated climatic annual mean SST bias over the tropical Pacific can affect the bias of latent heat flux through the saturation specific humidity,and the bias of latent heat flux can further affect that of vertical velocity of humid air by the condensation release mechanism,and finally modulate the simulated bias in ***,through the inter-comparison between different experiments,it is found that the source of Double ITCZ might mainly come from the annual mean SST bias over the tropical western Pacific through the proposed air-sea coupled process of“SST-saturated specific humidity-latent heat flux-vertical velocity-precipitation”,indicating a possible way on reducing the couple biases in models over the tropical Pacific to improve the accuracy of CAS-ESM2 for climate simulation.

关键词： SST bias Double ITCZ Nudging SST CAS-ESM2

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Comparative Preliminary Evaluation of Agronomic and Quality Traits of New"Zhongtang"Superior Lines

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Asian Agricultural research 2024年第6期16卷 48-54页

作者： Zhengying CAO Lishun PENG Yimei GAN Wenwei CAI Yuanli WU institute of tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesHaikou 571101China Sanya research institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesSanya 572024China

[Objectives]Sugarcane is the most significant sugar cash crop in the tropical and subtropical regions of ***,it is notable for its narrow genetic basis,limited trait improvement,weak adaptability of varieties,and poor planting *** order to accelerate the process of sugarcane variety replacement and expand the basis of genetic variation,interspecific hybridization and multiple mutagenesis are the most effective methods for obtaining new sugarcane *** evaluation and identification of phenotypic traits of germplasm represents a significant analytical ***"Zhongtang"series of sugarcane varieties is distinguished by its high yield and high sugar *** sugarcane germplasms with excellent agronomic and quality traits can be identified and developed as breeding parents and new breeding lines through comprehensive evaluation of the existing germplasm.[Methods]A total of 181 new lines were selected through genetic origin and orientation,and evaluated and appraised for growth,yield,and economic *** data on 6 important agronomic and quality traits,including tillering,initial plant height,plant height,stem diameter,number of effective stems,and brix at maturity,were used to discover superior *** traits were evaluated during the two production seasons of the participant lines.[Results]A comprehensive evaluation of seedling growth traits and economic traits at maturity of the experimental lines identified 30 excellent new germplasms of *** the selected lines,1501 and 1701 exhibited superior agronomic and quality traits,rendering them suitable as parental lines for sugarcane breeding or breeding as new varieties.[Conclusions]The exemplary results obtained in this study provide a solid foundation for the improvement of sugarcane germplasm,with the goal of enhancing quality and *** findings are of great scientific and practical significance to the study of sugarcane yield and sugar-related gene

关键词： Sugarcane Germplasm evaluation Yield Agronomic trait Economic trait

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Fine mapping of the powdery mildew resistance gene PmXQ-0508 in bread wheat

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The crop Journal 2024年第4期12卷 1176-1184页

作者： Zejun Qian Guohao Han Ningning Yu Cheng Liu Ran Han Paula E.Jameson Jiaojiao Wang Ya Zhao Bei Xiao Ruishan Liu Jiadong Zhang Yuli Jin Hongjie Li Pengtao Ma Yantai Key Laboratory of Characteristic Agricultural Biological Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovative Utilization College of Life SciencesYantai UniversityYantai 264005ShandongChina Center for Agricultural Resources research Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShijiazhuang 050021HebeiChina crop research institute Shandong Academy of Agriculture SciencesJinan 250100ShandongChina School of Biological Sciences University of CanterburyChristchurch 8140CanterburyNew Zealand The National Engineering Laboratory of crop Molecular Breeding Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

In a wheat breeding line XQ-0508 showing consistent resistance to powdery mildew disease,a recessive gene,designated PmXQ-0508,was identified and mapped to a distal region on chromosome arm *** three resistance-associated genes in this region,one encoding a protein kinase was selected as the primary candidate for *** closely linked DNA markers developed in the study could be used for marker-assisted selection for powdery-mildew resistance in breeding programs.

关键词： Wheat powdery mildew PmXQ-0508 BSR-Seq Fine mapping Marker-assisted selection

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OsWRKY65 enhances immunity against fungal and bacterial pathogens in rice

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The crop Journal 2024年第2期12卷 470-481页

作者： Seungmin Son Giha Song Suhyeon Nam Jinjeong Lee Duk-Ju Hwang Eun-Jung Suh Sang Ryeol Park National institute of Agricultural Sciences Rural Development AdministrationJeonju 54874Republic of Korea Department of Agriculture Forestry and BioresourcesPlant Genomics and Breeding InstituteResearch Institute of Agriculture and Life SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of crop Science and Biotechnology Jeonbuk National UniversityJeonju 54896Republic of Korea

Diverse bacterial and fungal pathogens attack plants,causing biotic stress and severe yield losses *** losses are expected to become more serious as climate change improves conditions for many ***,identifying genes conferring broad-spectrum disease resistance and elucidating their underlying mechanisms provides important resources for plant *** transcription factors affect plant growth and stress ***,the functions of many WRKY proteins remain to be ***,we demonstrated the role of rice(Oryza sativa)WRKY groupⅢtranscription factor OsWRKY65 in ***65 localized to the nucleus and acted as transcriptional *** and molecular functional analyses showed that OsWRKY65 increases resistance to the fungal pathogen Fusarium fujikuroi through downregulation of GA signaling and upregulation of JA ***,OsWRKY65 modulated the expression of the key genes that confer susceptibility or resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae *** to enhance immunity against the *** particular,OsWRKY65directly bound to the promoter region of OsSWEET13 and repressed its *** together,our findings demonstrate that the OsWRKY65 enhances resistance to fungal and bacterial pathogens in rice.

关键词： Bacterial blight Bakanae disease Broad-spectrum disease resistance Oriza sativa OsWRKY65 Rice

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