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Effects of two polybrominated diphenyl ethers(BDE-47,BDE-209) on the swimming behavior, population growth and reproduction of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第2期27卷 54-63页

作者： Jingjing Sha You Wang Jianxia Lv Hong Wang Hongmei Chen Leilei Qi Xuexi Tang Department of Marine Ecology College of Marine Life Sciences Ocean University of China thermo Fisher Scientific (Beijing) Co. Ltd.

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers（PBDEs） are new kinds of persistent organic pollutants（POPs） and their potential threats to the equilibrium and sustainability of marine ecosystems have raised worldwide concerns. Here, two kinds of PBDEs, tetra-BDE（BDE-47）and deca-BDE（BDE-209） were applied, and their toxic effects on the swimming behavior,population growth and reproduction of Brachionus plicatilis were investigated. The results showed that：（1） The actual concentrations of BDE-47 and-209 in the seawater phase measured by GC–MS（Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer） were much lower than their nominal concentrations.（2） In accordance with the 24-hr acute tests, BDE-209 did not show any obvious swimming inhibition to rotifers, but a good correlation did exist between the swimming inhibition rate and BDE-47 concentration suggesting that BDE-47 is more toxic than BDE-209.（3） Both BDE-47 and-209 had a significant influence on the population growth and reproduction parameters of B. plicatilis including the population growth rate, the ratio of ovigerous females/non-ovigerous females（OF/NOF）, the ratio of mictic females/amictic females（MF/AF）, resting egg production and the mictic rate, which indicate that these parameters in B. plicatilis population were suitable for monitoring and assessing PBDEs. Our results suggest that BDE-47 and-209 are not acute lethal toxicants and may pose a low risk to marine rotifers at environmental concentrations for short-term exposure. They also accumulate differently into rotifers. Further research data are needed to understand the mechanisms responsible for the effects caused by PBDEs and to assess their risks accurately.

关键词： BDE-47 BDE-209 Brachionus plicatilis Swimming inhibition Population growth Reproductive toxicity

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Design and application of a novel coal-fired drum boiler using saline water in heavy oil recovery

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Frontiers in Energy 2020年第4期14卷 715-725页

作者： Junping GU Yuxin WU Liping WU Man ZHANG Hairui YANG Junfu LYU Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Energy and Power EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China yucheng thermo ltd. Karamay 834000China

In this paper,the design and operation of a novel coal-fired circulating fluidized bed(CFB)drum boiler that can generate superheated steam using saline water were *** natural circulation water dynamics with a drum was adopted instead of the traditional once-through steam generator(OTSG)design,so that superheated steam can be generated for the better performance of the steam assisted gravity drainage(SAGD)technology in heavy oil *** optimized staged evaporation method was proposed to further decrease the salinity of water in the clean water section of the *** evaporating pipes of the salted water section were rearranged in the back pass of the boiler,where the heat load is low,to further improve the heat transfer safety.A CFB combustion technology was used for coal firing to achieve a uniform heat transfer condition with low heat *** control technologies were adopted to reduce pollutant *** on the field test,the recommended water standard for the coal-fired CFB drum boilers was *** the present technology,the treated recovery wastewater can be reused in steam-injection boilers to generate superheated *** engineering applications show that the boiler efficiency is higher than 90%,the blowdown rate is limited within 5.5%,and the superheat of steam can reach up to 30 ***,the heavy oil recovery efficiency is significantly ***,the pollutant emissions of SO2,NOV and dust are controlled within the ranges of 20-90 mg/(N·m^(3)),30-90 mg/(N·m^(3))and 2-10 mg/(N·m^(3))respectively.

关键词： drum steam injection boiler natural circulation recovery wastewater staged evaporation circulating fluidized bed(CFB)

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An on-line solid phase extraction-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of perfluoroalkyl substances in the Antarctic ice core samples

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2015年第9期26卷 1073-1078页

作者： Ya-Li Shi Yuan-Yuan Pan Li-Na Liang Ya-Qi Cai State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences thermo Fisher Scientific(China)Co. Ltd.

An on-line solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the analysis of perfluoroalkyl substances（PFASs） in water samples was *** optimal analytical conditions were obtained through the optimization of the extraction efficiency of online solid phase extraction column,sample loading rate and loading volume,and the concentration of ammonium acetate in mobile *** the optimal condition,the analytical method displayed good linearity（r^2〉0.99） for 12 PFASs（C5-C14 perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids and C6/C8 perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids） over a concentration range of 0.5-100 ng/*** limits of quantitation for samples were between 0.025 ng/L and 0.5 ng/L and the relative standard deviations（RSD） of five consecutive analyses were less than 10%for 1 ng/L standard *** results were obtained using this analytical method for the analysis of perfluoroalkyl substances in Antarctic ice core *** recoveries of all perfluoroalkyl substances were in a range of 73%-117%when the samples were spiked with standards at the concentrations of 2.5 ng/L and 25 ng/L.

关键词： Perfluoroalkyl substances On-line solid phase extraction LC-MS/MS Antarctic ice cores

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High Temperature Corrosion of Water Wall Materials T23 and T24 in Simulated Furnace Atmospheres

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2012年第4期20卷 814-822页

作者：赵钦新张知翔成丁南王云刚邓翔 Key Laboratory of thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Thermal Power Research Institute Co. Ltd.

Candidate materials for water wall of supercritical and ultra-supercritical utility boilers,T23 and T24,were chosen as the experimental samples and exposed to oxidizing atmosphere,reducing atmosphere and oxidizing/reducing alternating atmosphere *** corrosion temperature was 450-550?*** effects of oxygen con-tent and temperature on the corrosion in reducing atmosphere and alternating atmosphere were *** scanning electron microscope(SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS) were used to examine the corroded *** results show that the corrosion kinetics of T23 and T24 can be described by the double logarithmic equation and parabolic equation *** describe the corrosion of materials accurately it is not sufficient to analyze the macro-mass gain and the macro-thickness of the corroded layer only,but the EDS should be applied to examine the migration depth of corrosive elements O and *** is revealed that the corrosion becomes more severe when H2S is present in the corrosive gas.S is more active than O,and Cr can reduce the migration of oxygen but not *** combination corrosion of S and O and pure [S] has a stronger corrodibility than pure H2S.T24 suffers the most severe corrosion at oxygen content of 0.8%.Corrosion is aggravated when the corrosion temperature is above 450 ℃ in the alternating atmosphere.T23 has better corrosion resistance than T24 and W contributes a lot to the corrosion resistance of T23.

关键词： stainless steel mass gain element migration high temperature corrosion

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New Type Austenite Dynamic Recrystallization of Microalloyed Forging Steels 38MnVS During Forging Process

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2013年第5期20卷 57-60页

作者： ZHANG Tong-bo SHEN Yong LIU Pan YONG Qi-long BAO Yao-zong Xinxing Pipes Group Co. Ltd. Great Wall Motor Co. Ltd. Central Iron and Steel Research Institute

Hot compression tests of microalloyed forging steels 38MnVS were carried out on the Gleeble-3800 thermo-mechanical simulator at the deformation temperatures from 950 to 1 150 ℃ with the strain rates ranging from 0.1 to 10 s^（-1）. The effects of the deformation temperature and strain rate on the austenite dynamic recrystallization and microstructural changes were researched. The experimental results show that the dynamic recrystallization accelerated with the increase of the deformation temperatures and the decrease of the strain rate. The activation energy of dynamic recrystallization was calculated, which was about 275.453 kJ/mol. The relation between the dynamic recrystallization and the Z-parameter was investigated, and the state chart of the dynamic recrystallization of the microalloyed forging steel 38MnVS was made according to the experimental data and the deformation parameters.

关键词： microalloyed forging steel activation energy dynamic recrystallization austenite grain size state chart 38MnVS

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Analysis and optimization of thermal management system for cylindrical power battery based on distributed liquid cooling plates

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Science China Technological Sciences 2024年第12期67卷 3695-3706页

作者： ZHAO Yang ZHANG Tao WANG Chun TANG YinBo XI Huan National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Key Laboratory of thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Future Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Ningbo Deye Energy Storage Technology Co. Ltd.

To ensure the battery works in a suitable temperature range, a new design for distributed liquid cooling plate is proposed, and a battery thermal management system(BTMS) for cylindrical power battery pack based on the proposed cooling plate is also investigated. To verify the accuracy of the battery model and battery pack numerical calculation model used for simulation, an experiment is conducted for the liquid cooling BTMS. The influence of key working parameters, including the cooling water inlet flow, ambient temperature and working conditions, are investigated. The results show that at the discharge rate of 3 C, the best cooling performance can be achieved when the total inlet mass flow rate is 3.2 g/s and the flow distribution is 3:1:1:3. The obtained maximum temperature is 29.6°C and the maximum temperature difference is 2.1°C. When the ambient temperature is in the range of 20°C to 50°C, the proposed BTMS can keep the temperature of battery pack in the proper range. Finally, different inlet flow rates are recommended according to different battery working states.

关键词： lithium battery battery model battery thermal management liquid cooling plate distributed cooling

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Study on thermomagnetic Treatment Fe-25.5Cr-12Co Permanent Magnetic Alloy

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 561-563页

作者： GAORun-sheng ZHENLiang SHAOWen-zhu SUNXue-yin ZHUDan-yang XURen-gen DepartmentofMaterialsScience HarbinInstituteofTechnologyHarbinChina TechnologyandDevelopmentCentre HangzhouPermanentMagnetGroupCo.Ltd.HangzhouChina

The magnetic properties and microstructure in a low cobalt Fe-25.5Cr-12Co alloy by different process of thermomagnetic treatment were investigated. It is found that magnetic properties are sensitive to parameters of thermo- magnetic treatment process in magnetic field, including temperature, time and applied magnetic field. There are optimized isothermal aging temperature and time in different magnetic heat treatment conditions. High magnetic field strength could improve magnetic properties. Applied magnetic field has a great effect on microstructure of the Fe-25.5Cr-12Co alloy. The finer ferromagnetic d] particles with suitable c/a ratio by high magnetic field magnetic heat treatment are attributed to improvement the magnetic properties.

关键词： Fe-25.5Cr-12Co合金热磁处理磁性显微结构永久磁铁

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Smart windows with high optical transparency and structural color

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Youtong Wu Xueting Li Yiwen Li Hao Wang Yuqi Zhang Xihua Lu College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Donghua University Fujian Nano-Micro Advanced Materials Sci.& Tech.Co.ltd. Jinjiang Innovation Entrepreneurship and Creativity Park Shanghai Evanston Advanced Materials Sci.& Tech.Co.ltd.

In recent years, thermochromic smart windows have played an important role in enhancing energy efficiency and contributing to carbon neutrality in building energy consumption. However, thermal-shielding smart windows with high visible light modulation and structural colors are rarely reported. This study focuses on the development of thermochromic smart windows utilizing poly（N-isopropylacrylamide）(PNIPAm)-based nanogels, which exhibit dynamic solar modulation and high visible light transmission without additional energy input. Unlike traditional electrochromic materials such as tungsten trioxide, these smart windows achieve structural color states through the self-assembly of nanogels, eliminating the need for inorganic materials. The fabricated hydrogel contains thermo-responsive poly（N-isopropylacrylamide-random-acrylic acid-random-N-tert-butyl acrylamide）P（NIPAm-r-AA-r-TBA）(PNTA) nanogels with tunable phase transition temperatures（Tp） that align with ambient *** smart windows demonstrate excellent stability over 100 heating-cooling cycles and significant temperature regulation,achieving an indoor temperature modulation of 10 °C and energy savings of 14.24 KJ m-3compared with normal windows. The production process is simple and scalable, making it feasible for industrial applications. Furthermore, these smart windows offer additional functionalities such as information encryption, adding value to their practical application.

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Experimental study on 830 MPa grade pipeline steel containing chromium

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2009年第3期16卷 273-277页

作者： Yi Ren Shuai Zhang Shuang Wang Wen-yue Liu Technical Center Anshan Iron ＆ Steel Co. Ltd. Ar shan 114009 China

The diversity of microstructure and properties of 830 MPa grade pipeline steel containing chromium was investigated by optical microscope and transmission electron microscopy. The main microstructures were multiple configurations, containing lath bainite and granule bainitc. Mechanical properties test results showed that the yield strength and tensile strength improved with increasing chromium content. The toughness and elongation decreased at the same time, so temper process was introduced. Appling proper temper parameters, the values of toughness and elongation were improved dramatically, and the strength decreased slightly.

关键词： chromium high strength pipeline steel thermo-mechanical controlled process

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Effect of Thermal Cycle on Microstructure and Fracture Morphology in HAZ of HQ130 Steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 1996年第2期3卷 38-43页

作者： Li Yajiang Zou Zengda Cheng Zhunian Wei Xing Jiang Quanchang Shandong Polytechnic University Xiamen Engineering Machinery ltd.

The effect of different peak temperature(Tp) and cooling time (t8/5) on microstructure, hardness, impact toughness and fracture morphology in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of HQ130 steel was studied by using weld thermo-simulation test. Experimental results indicate that the impact toughness and hardness decrease with the decrease of Tpor increase of t8/5 under the condition of a single thermal cycle. There is a brittle zone in the vicinity of Tp= 800℃, where the impact toughness is considerably low. There is a softened zone in the vicinity of Tp=700℃, where the hardness decreases but the toughness increases. In the practical application of multi-layer and multipass welding, the welding heat input should be strictly limited (t8/5≤20s) so as to reduce the softness and brittleness in the HAZ of-HQ130 steel.

关键词： high strength steel welding thermal cycle heat-affected zone microstructure impact toughness

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