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Air Quality Impacts of Smallholder Oil Palm Processing in Nigeria

Journal of Environmental Protection 2013年第8期4卷 83-98页

作者： Elijah I. Ohimain Sylvester C. Izah Stephen O. Abah Bioenergy and Environmental biotechnology Research Unit Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Science Niger Delta University Wilberforce Island Nigeria Department of Community Health Faculty of Clinical Sciences College of Medicine Ambrose Alli University Ekpoma Nigeria.

Air emissions during palm oil processing by smallholders are issues of public health concern demanding urgent intervention by environmentalist. In this study, six smallholder oil palm processing mills were studied inElele,Nigeria. Air emission parameters (NO2, NH3, CO, H2S, SO2, VOC), noise and meteorology (wind speed, temperature, relative humidity and pressure) were determined at three distances (10 ft,25 ftand50 ft) in both wind ward and lee ward directions from the mills covering boiling and digestion activities. The emissions from biomass were found to be significantly higher than that from fossil diesel, while noise was higher during digestion. The health implications of air emissions were discussed. The study concluded by directing attentions of regulatory agencies to monitor the activities of smallholder oil palm processing to ensure the environmental sustainability of their operations. In summary, evidence during boiling activity revealed that: · H2S ranged from - 2.400 ppm at10 ft, - 2.067 ppm at25 ftand - 0.833 ppm at50 ftfrom the mills in the wind ward direction, and - 1.167 ppm at10 ft, - 0.567 ppm at25 ftand - 0.367 ppm at50ftdistance from the mills in lee ward direction and was significantly lower during digestion. · SPM ranged from 1634 - 7853 μg/m3 at10 ft, 657 - 1110 μg/m3 at25 ftand 81 - 854 μg/m3 at50 ftfrom the mills in the wind ward direction, and 46 - 236 μg/m3 at10 ft, 44 - 120 μg/m3 at25 ftand 30 - 58 μg/m3 at50 ftfrom the mills in lee ward direction. SPM was significantly lower during digestion. · VOC ranged from 67 - 13.933 ppm at10 ft, 1.033 - 13.133 ppm at25ftand 0.500 -

关键词： Air Emissions Noise Oil Palm Processing Pollutant Gases

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MamZ protein plays an essential role in magnetosome maturation process of Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense MSR-1

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2021年第6期39卷 2082-2096页

作者： Sha WU Qing WANG Xu WANG Ruixue GUO Tongwei ZHANG Yongxin PAN Feng LI Ying LI Engineering Technology Research Center of Ecological Restoration and Comprehensive Utilization of Coal Mining Collapse Area Anhui ProvinceAnhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental RemediationCollege of Life SciencesHuaibei Normal UniversityHuaibei 235000China State Key Laboratories for Agro-biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Paleomagnetism and Geochronology Laboratory Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary PhysicsInstitute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesFrance-China Joint Laboratory for Evolution and Development of Magnetotactic Multicelluar OrganismsBeijing 100029China

Based on analysis of gene structure of mamXY operon in Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense strain MSR-1,we constructed a mamZ deletion mutant strain(ΔmamZ)and four complemented strains with different mamZ fragment *** cell phenotypic and physiological parameters were evaluated and compared among the wild-type(WT),mutant,and complemented *** growth rates were not notably different;however,magnetic response(Cmag)and iron uptake ability were significantly lower inΔ***-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HR-TEM)showed that magnetosomes inΔmamZ were small and irregular,and rock magnetic measurements suggested that they contained immature *** comparison to WT of MSR-1,intracellular iron content ofΔmamZ and the complemented strains cultured with 20mmol/L iron source was similar or slightly *** complemented strains were unable to synthesize mature or normal amounts of magnetosomes,apparently because of abnormal expression of the transmembrane domain of MamZ ***-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RTqPCR)analysis showed that relative transcription levels of mamX and ftsZ-like genes inΔmamZ were higher at 18 h than at 12 h,suggesting that MamXY proteins play cooperative functional roles in the magnetosome maturation *** level of mms6 was significantly upregulated inΔmamZ(incubated at 12 h)and the complemented strains(incubated at 12 and 18 h),refl ecting possible interaction between MamXY and Mms6 proteins during magnetosome *** findings,taken together,demonstrate the essential role of MamZ in the magnetosome maturation process in MSR-1.

关键词： Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense mamZ deletion mamXY operon magnetosome maturation

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A homeodomain-leucine zipper I transcription factor, MeHDZ14,regulates internode elongation and leaf rolling in cassava(Manihot esculenta Crantz)

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作物学报:英文版 2023年第5期11卷 1419-1430页

作者： Xiaoling Yu Xin Guo Pingjuan Zhao Shuxia Li Liangping Zou Wenbin Li Ziyin Xu Ming Peng Mengbin Ruan National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding Sanya 572025HainanChina Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops Institute of Tropical Bioscience and BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesHaikou 571101HainanChina Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural ResourcesHaikou 571101HainanChina Sanya Research Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesSanya 572025HainanChina college of Tropical Crops Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228HainanChina

Drought stress impairs plant growth and other physiological functions. MeHDZ14, a homeodomainleucine zipper I transcription factor, is strongly induced by drought stress in various cassava ***, the role of MeHDZ14 in cassava growth regulation has remained unclear. Here we report that MeHDZ14 affected plant height, such that a dwarf phenotype and altered internode elongation were observed in transgenic cassava lines. MeHDZ14 was found to negatively regulate the biosynthesis of lignin. Its overexpression resulted in abaxially rolled leaves. The morphogenesis of leaf epidermal cells was inhibited by overexpression of MeHDZ14, with decreased auxin and gibberellin and increased cytokinin contents. MeHDZ14 was found to regulate many drought-responsive genes, including genes involved in cell wall synthesis and expansion. MeHDZ14 bound to the promoter of caffeic acid 3-Omethyltransferase 1(MeCOMT1), acting as a transcriptional repressor of genes involved in cell wall development. MeHDZ14 appears to act as a negative regulator of internode elongation and epidermal cell morphogenesis during cassava leaf development.

关键词： HD-Zip transcription factor Drought Internode elongation Leaf rolling Cassava

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Maize cryptochromes 1a1 and 1a2 promote seedling photomorphogenesis and shade resistance in Zea mays and Arabidopsis

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The Crop Journal 2023年第4期11卷 1192-1203页

作者： Xiaocong Fan Shizhan Chen Wenjing Wu Meifang Song Guanghua Sun Shuaitao Yao Weimin Zhan Lei Yan Hongdan Li Yanpei Zhang Lijian Wang Kang Zhang Liangliang Jiang Jianping Yang Qinghua Yang college of Agronomy State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Scienceand Center for Crop Genome EngineeringLongzi Lake CampusHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450046HenanChina Institute of Radiation Technology Beijing Academy of Science and TechnologyBeijing 100875China Institute of Crops Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanchang 330200JiangxiChina Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Genovo biotechnology Co. Ltd.Tianjin 301700China Henan Institute of Science and Technology Xinxiang 453003HenanChina

Maize growth and development are regulated by light quality,intensity and *** are blue/ultraviolet-A light receptors involved in stem elongation,shade avoidance,and photoperiodic *** investigate the function of cryptochrome 1(CRY1) in maize,where it is encoded by Zm CRY1,we obtained two Zm CRY1a genes(Zm CRY1a1 and Zm CRY1a2),both of which share the highest similarity with other gramineous plants,in particular rice CRY1a by phylogenetic *** Arabidopsis,overexpression of Zm CRY1a genes promoted seedling de-etiolation under blue and white light,resulting in dwarfing of mature *** seedlings of the maize inbred line Zong 31(Zm CRY1aOE),overexpression of Zm CRY1a genes caused a reduction in the mesocotyl and first leaf sheath lengths due to down-regulation of genes influencing cell *** mature transgenic maize plants,plant height,ear height,and internode length decreased in response to overexpression of Zm CRY1a *** of Zm CRY1a were insensitive to low blue light(LBL)-induced shade avoidance syndrome(SAS) in Arabidopsis and *** prompted us to investigate the regulatory role of the gibberellin and auxin metabolic pathways in the response of Zm CRY1a genes to LBL *** confirmed a link between Zm CRY1a expression and hormonal influence on the growth and development of maize under LBL-induced *** results reveal that Zm CRY1a has a relatively conservative function in regulating maize photomorphogenesis and may guide new strategies for breeding high density-tolerant maize cultivars.

关键词： Zea mays L.Cryptochrome Photomorphogenesis Shade avoidance syndrome Hormone

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Tobacco RING E3 Ligase NtRFP1 Mediates Ubiquitination and Proteasomal Degradation of a Geminivirus-Encoded βC1

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Molecular Plant 2016年第6期9卷 911-925页

作者： Qingtang Shen Tao Hu Min Bao Linge Cao Huawei Zhang Fengmin Song Qi Xie Xueping Zhou State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology Institute of Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100193 China State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics National Center for Plant Gene Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Present address: Department of Molecular Genetics University of Toronto Room 4180 1 Kings College Circle Toronto ON M5S 1A8 Canada

The βC1 protein encoded by the Tomato yellow leaf curl China virus-associated betasatellite functions as a pathogenicity determinant. To better understand the molecular basis whereby βC1 functions in pathogenicity, a yeast two-hybrid screen of a tobacco cDNA library was carried out using βC1 as the bait. The screen revealed that βC1 interacts with a tobacco RING-finger protein designated NtRFP1, which was further confirmed by the bimolecular fluorescence complementation and co-immunoprecipitation assays in Nicotiana benthamiana cells. Expression of NtRFP1 was induced by βC1, and in vitro ubiquiti- nation assays showed that NtRFP1 is a functional E3 ubiquiUn ligase that mediates βC1 ubiquitination. In addition, βC1 was shown to be ubiquitinated in vivo and degraded by the plant 26S proteasome. After viral infection, plants overexpressing NtRFP1 developed attenuated symptoms, whereas plants with silenced expression of NtRFP1 showed severe symptoms. Other lines of evidence showed that NtRFP1 attenuates βC1-induced symptoms through promoting its degradation by the 26S proteasome. Taken together, our results suggest that tobacco RING E3 ligase NtRFP1 attenuates disease symptoms by interacting with βC1 to mediate its ubiquitination and degradation via the ubiquitin/26S proteasome system.

关键词： NtRFP1 βC1 ubiquitination degradation geminivirus tobacco

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Current Status of Conventional and Molecular Interventions for Blast Resistance in Rice

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Rice science 2017年第6期24卷 299-321页

作者： Deepti SRIVASTAVA Md SHAMIM Mahesh KUMAR Anurag MISHRA Pramila PANDEY Deepak KUMAR Prashant YADAV Mohammed Harrish SIDDIQUI Kapildeo Narayan SINGH Integral Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Integral University Lucknow 226021 India Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Dr. Kalam Agricultural College Bihar Agricultural University Sabour Bhagalpur Bihar 813210India Department of Agriculture biotechnology Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology Modipuram Meerut 250110 India Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology Kumarganj Faizabad 224229 India Indian Council of Agricultural Research Directerate of Rapeseed mustard Research Bharatpur Rajasthan 321303 India

Pyricularia oryzae anamorph of Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the most notorious fungal pathogens causing severe economic loss in rice production worldwide. Various methods, viz. cultural, biological and molecular approaches, are utilized to counteract this pathogen. Moreover, some tolerant or resistant rice varieties have been developed with the help of breeding programmes. Isolation and molecular characterization of different blast resistance genes now open the gate for new possibilities to elucidate the actual allelic variants of these genes via various molecular breeding and transgenic approaches. However, the behavioral pattern of this fungus breakups the resistance barriers in the resistant or tolerant rice varieties. This host-pathogen barrier will be possibly countered in future research by comparative genomics data from available genome sequence data of rice and M. oryzae for durable resistance. Present review emphasized fascinating recent updates, new molecular breeding approaches, transgenic and genomics approaches(i.e. mi RNA and genome editing) for the management of blast disease in rice. The updated information will be helpful for the durable, resistance breeding programme in rice against blast pathogen.

关键词： backcross breeding gene pyramiding allele mining transgenic technology rice blast resistance CRISPR/Cas9 molecular breeding bioinformatics approach

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The Intronic cis Element SE1 Recruits trans-Acting Repressor Complexes to Repress the Expression of ELONGATED UPPERMOST INTERNODE1 in Rice

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Molecular Plant 2018年第5期11卷 720-735页

作者： Yongyao Xie Yaling Zhang Jingluan Han Jikai Luo Gousi Li Jianle Huang Haibin WU Qingwei Tian Qinlong Zhu Yuanling Chen Yoji Kawano Yao-Guang Liu Letian Chen State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and biotechnology of Guangdong Provincial Higher Education Institutions South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China college of Life Sciences South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201602 China

Plant height has a major effect on grain yield in crops such as rice （Oryza sativa）, and the hormone gibberellic acid （GA） regulates many developmental processes that feed into plant height. Rice ELONGATED UPPERMOST INTERNODE1 （Euil） encodes a GA-deactivating enzyme governing elongation of the uppermost internode. The expression of Euil is finely tuned, thereby maintaining homeostasis of endogenous bioactive GA and producing plants of normal plant height. Here, we identified a dominant dwarf mutant, dEuil, caused by the deletion of an RY motif-containing cis-silencing element （SE1） in the intron of Euil. Detailed genetic and molecular analysis of SE1 revealed that this intronic cis element recruits at least one trans-acting repressor complex, containing the B3 repressors OsVAL2 and OsGD1, the SAP18 corepressor, and the histone deacetylase OsHDA710, to negatively regulate the expression of Euil. This com- plex generates closed chromatin at Euil, suppressing Euil expression and modulating GA homeostasis. Loss of SE1 or dysfunction of the complex components impairs histone deacetylation and H3K27me3 methylation of Euil chromatin, thereby increasing Euil transcription and decreasing bioactive GA, producing dwarfism in rice. Together, our results reveal a novel silencing mechanism in which the intronic cis element SE1 negatively regulates Euil expression via repressor complexes that modulate histone deacetylation and/or methylation.

关键词： B3 domain Epigenetic regulation Euil Histone Deacetylation H3K27me3 Methylation RY Element

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Effect of propofol on glutamate-induced activation and related inflammatory cytokines of astrocytes from spinal cord dorsal horn

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Neural Regeneration Research 2008年第9期3卷 954-957页

作者： Chengming Qin Qing Li Juying Liu Tao Zhu Yong Xiang Department of Anesthesiology Taihe Hospital of Yunyang Medical College Shiyan 442000 Hubei Province China

BACKGROUND： Astrocytes participate in central nervous system-mediated physiological or pathological processes, such as pain. Activated dorsal horn astrocytes from the spinal cord produce nerve active substances and proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-lbeta （IL-1 β ）, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor- α （TNF-α ）, which play important roles in pain transduction and regulation. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effects of different doses of propofol on activation of cultured spinal cord dorsal horn astrocytes induced by glutamate, as well as changes in IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF- α, and 1L-10 （anti-inflammatory cytokine） expression in rats, and to explore the dose relationship of propofol. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： The cellular and molecular biology experiment was performed at the Central Laboratory of Yunyang Medical college between March 2006 and December 2007. MATERIALS： Forty healthy, Wistar rats, aged 2-3 days, were selected. Propofol was provided by Zeneca, UK; glutamate by Sigma, USA; EPICS XL flow cytometry by Beckman culture, USA; rabbit-anti-mouse glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP） antibody kit and inflammatory cytokine detection kit were provided by Zhongshan biotechnology Company Ltd., Beijing; multimedia color pathologic image analysis system was a product of Nikon, Japan. METHODS： Astrocytes were harvested from T11- L6 spinal cord dorsal horn of Wistar rats and incubated for 3 weeks. The cells were divided into seven groups, according to various treatment conditions： control group was cells cultured in Hank＇s buffered saline solution; intralipid group was cells cultured in intralipid （0.2 mL/L）; glutamate group was cells cultured with 100 u mol/L glutamate; propofol group was cells cultured with 250 u mol/L propofol; three glutamate plus propofol groups were cultured in 100 11 mol/L of glutamate, followed by 5, 25, and 250 u mol/L of propofol 10 minutes later. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： GFAP-labeled astrocytes were analyzed using a multimedia pathology im

关键词： astrocyte glutamate inflammatory cytokine propofol spinal cord dorsal horn

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Polypeptide from Moschus Suppresses Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation by Inhibiting NF-κB-ROS/NLRP3 Pathway

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中国结合医学杂志:英文版 2023年第10期29卷 895-904页

作者： YI Jing LI Li YIN Zhu-jun QUAN Yun-yun TAN Rui-rong CHEN Shi-long LANG Ji-rui LI Jiao ZENG Jin LI Yong SUN Zi-jian ZHAO Jun-ning Department of Pharmacology Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan Province646000China Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine SciencesChengdu610000China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations College of PharmacyChangsha Medical UniversityChangsha410219China Sichuan Fengchun Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.DeyangSichuan Province618100China Sichuan Ant Recommendation biotechnology Co. Ltd.Chengdu610000China

Objective To examine the anti-inflammatory effects and potential mechanisms of polypeptide from Moschus(PPM)in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced THP-1 macrophages and BALB/c *** The polypeptide was extracted from Moschus and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE).Subsequently,LPS was used to induce inflammation in THP-1 macrophages and BALB/c *** LPS-treated or untreated THP-1 macrophages,cell viability was observed by cell counting kit 8 and lactate dehydrogenase release assays;the proinflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species(ROS)were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and flow cytometry,respectively;and protein and mRNA levels were measured by Western blot and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR),*** LPS-induced BALB/c mice,the proinflammatory cytokines were measured,and lung histology and cytokines were observed by hematoxylin and eosin(HE)and immunohistochemical(IHC)staining,*** The SDS-PAGE results suggested that the molecular weight of purified PPM was in the range of 10–26 *** vitro,PPM reduced the production of interleukin 1β(IL-1β),IL-18,tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α),IL-6 and ROS in LPS-induced THP-1 macrophages(P<0.01).Western blot analysis demonstrated that PPM inhibited LPS-induced nuclear factorκB(NF-κB)pathway and thioredoxin interacting protein(TXNIP)/nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain,leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3)inflammasome pathway by reducing protein expression of phospho-NF-κB p65,phospho-inhibitors of NF-κB(IκBs)kinaseα/β(IKKα/β),TXNIP,NLRP3,apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain(ASC),and pro-caspase-1(P<0.05 or P<0.01).In addition,qRT-PCR revealed the inhibitory effects of PPM on the mRNA levels of TXNIP,NLRP3,ASC,and caspase-1(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Furthermore,in LPS-induced BALB/c mice,PPM reduced TNF-αand IL

关键词： Moschus polypeptide inflammation NLRP3 inflammasome thioredoxin interacting protein nuclear factorκB Chinese medicine

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Improvement in salt tolerance of Populus tomentosa from transformation by a mtl-D gene

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Forestry Studies in China 2006年第4期8卷 20-24页

作者： Li Min Wang Hua-fang Yin Wei-lun He Si-jie Chen Shou-yi college of Biological Sciences and biotechnology Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083 P. R. China Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 P. R. China

Transgenic lines were achieved by transforming the E. coli 1-phosphate mannitol dehydrogenase gene （mtl-D） into the Populus tomentosa Cart. genome. An Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain （AGL1）, constructed by cloning mtl-D into the disarmed plasmid pBin438, was used to infect leaves of the clone YW2. The infected leaf discs were cultured on a medium containing 30 mg.L 1 kanamycin and 500 mg.L 1 cefotaxime. Transgenic plantlets regenerated from the infected leaves, rooted on the medium con- taining 30 mg.L 1 kanamycin. PCR and a Southern blotting test verified that the exogenous mtl-D gene had integrated into the trans- formation plants of the P. tomentosa genome. The mannitol content in control plant was 69 *** FW, and the mannitol contents of the transgenic lines T1 to T5 ranged between 103.7 and 289.5 μg·g^-1 FW. Of the shoots of the control plants 20% survived; on the medium containing 0.6% NaCl, 60% and 70% of two transgenic shoots survived on a medium containing 0.8% NaCI.

关键词： Populus tomentosa Carr mtl-D transformation salt tolerance

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