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Response of sediment yield to vegetation restoration at a large spatial scale in the Loess Plateau

Science China(Technological Sciences) 2014年第8期57卷 1482-1489页

作者： LIU XiaoYan YANG ShengTian DANG SuZhen LUO Ya LI XiaoYu ZHOU Xu yellow river conservancy commission School of Geography Beijing Normal University yellow river Institute of Hydraulic Research Yellow River Conservancy Commission yellow river Institute of Hydrology and Water Resources

The impact of vegetation coverage on erosion and sediment yield in the Loess Plateau has been extensively studied,but the research has been primarily based on observations from slope runoff plots or secondary forest regions;the scaling method remains unresolved when it is applied at a large spatial scale,and it is difficult to apply to regions with severe soil and water loss given the predominance of herbs and *** date,there is little data on the quantitative impact of changes to vegetation on sediment concentration at a large spatial *** paper is based on vegetation information from remote sensing images,measured rainfall and sediment data over nearly 60 years,and results from previous runoff and sediment variation research on the yellow *** introduce the concepts of a sediment yield coefficient and the percentage of effective vegetation and erodible area,analyze the impact of different vegetation conditions on the flood sediment concentration and sediment yield,and evaluate the effect of rainfall intensity on sediment yield under different vegetation conditions at the watershed *** propose models to evaluate the impact of vegetation on sediment yield in the loess gully hilly region,which are based on remote sensing data and support an application at a large spatial *** models can be used to assess sediment reduction that results from the current significant improvement of vegetation in the Loess Plateau.

关键词： Loess Plateau large spatial scale forest and grass vegetation sediment concentration sediment yield

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Applying a statistical method to streamflow reduction caused by underground mining for coal in the Kuye river basin

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2016年第12期59卷 1911-1920页

作者： LI Shu CHEN YuanFang LI ZhiJia ZHANG Ke College of Hydrology and Water Resources Hohai University yellow river Institute of Hydraulic Research Yellow River Conservancy Commission

Streamflow in the Kuye river basin has been sharply reduced by the effects of climate change and human *** 1997,the intensification of coal mining has resulted in substantial reductions to streamflow alongside an ever-increasing demand for *** this study,we present a derived statistical method,incorporating the Mann-Kendall and Pettitt method(MK-P) and the Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT),and apply it to estimating the streamflow reductions caused by underground mining for coal in the Kuye river *** results show that underground mining is an important cause of the streamflow reductions observed since1997,being responsible for reductions of 21.15 mm/yr(~56%of the total) during *** results of the SWAT simulation were assessed by several performance criteria:Nash-Suttcliffe Efficiency(Nse),correlation coefficient(R^2),relative error(RE),P-factor and *** close match between the simulations and observed data supports the reasonability of our *** suggest that engineering strategies be adopted to limit streamflow loss into goafs via fractured zones in the coalfield.

关键词： underground mining for coal streamflow MK-P SWAT statistical method

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Effects of rainfall intensity on the sediment concentration in the Loess Plateau,China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2020年第3期30卷 455-467页

作者： LIU Xiaoyan DANG Suzhen LIU Changming DONG Guotao yellow river conservancy commission Zhengzhou 450003China yellow river Institute of Hydraulic Research Yellow River Conservancy CommissionZhengzhou 450003China Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875China

To study the effects of changes in the rainfall intensity on sediment concentrations in the Loess Plateau,the observed rainfall intensities and sediment concentrations from three typical small watersheds were used to analyze the relationship between these *** results showed that the sediment concentration generally increased with the increasing rainfall intensity on slope ***,at watershed scale,a significant threshold phenomenon was observed for the effects of the rainfall intensity on the sediment *** the rainfall intensity exceeds the threshold,the flood sediment concentration will no longer increase with the increase in the rainfall *** rainfall intensity threshold increased with increasing vegetation *** rainfall intensity threshold was 10–15 mm/h during 1956–1969,reached 20 mm/h from 1990 to 1997 and is approximately 40 mm/h at *** to a rainfall intensity of 10–15 mm/h almost happened every year,the vegetation did not change much from the 1950s to *** yield mainly depends on soil erosion caused by surface flow,but the surface flow speed does not increase indefinitely with the increase in the flow ***,the annual maximum sediment concentration of the tributaries in the loess area has been basically stable before the 1990s.

关键词： Loess Plateau loess hilly region rainfall intensity sediment concentration influence

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Equilibrium sediment transport in lower yellow river during later sediment-retaining period of Xiaolangdi Reservoir

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Water Science and Engineering 2015年第1期8卷 78-84页

作者： Shao-lei Guo Dong-po Sun En-hui Jiang Peng Li College of Water conservancy North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power yellow river Institute of Hydraulic Research yellow river Henan Bureau Yellow River Conservancy Commission

The Xiaolangdi Reservoir has entered the later sediment-retaining period, and new sediment transport phenomena and channel re-estab- lishing behaviors are appearing. A physical model test was used to forecast the scouring and silting trends of the lower yellow river. Based on water and sediment data from the lower yellow river during the period from 1960 to 2012, and using a statistical method, this paper analyzed the sediment transport in sediment-laden flows with different discharges and sediment concentrations in the lower yellow river. The results show that rational water-sediment regulation is necessary to avoid silting in the later sediment-retaining period. The combination of 3 000 m^3/s 〈 Q 〈 4 000 m^3/s and 20 kg/m^3 〈 S 〈 60 kg/m^3 （where Q is the discharge and S is the sediment concentration） at the Huayuankou section is considered an optimal combination for equilibrium sediment transport in the lower yellow river over a long period of time.

关键词： Lower yellow river Xiaolangdi Reservoir Water-sediment regulation Equilibrium sediment transport Later sediment-retaining period

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Excretion of manure-borne estrogens and androgens and their potential risk estimation in the Yangtze river Basin

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第11期27卷 110-117页

作者： Yanxia Li Shiying Gao Shufang Liu Bei Liu Xuelian Zhang Min Gao Linjie Cheng Boyang Hu State Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation School of Environment Beijing Normal University yellow river Institute of Hydraulic Research Yellow River Conservancy Commission

The Yangtze river is the longest river in China, and the river basin spans one fifth of the area of the whole country. Based on statistical data, the excretion of manure-borne steroid hormones, including steroid estrogens（SEs） and steroid androgens（SAs）, in 10 provinces of China within the region has been estimated. The potential environmental and ecological risk of manure-borne steroid estrogens to the surface water in this region was also assessed. The manure-borne SE and SA excretions in the 10 provinces and municipalities vary in the order： Sichuan 〉 Hunan 〉 Hubei 〉 Yunnan 〉 Jiangsu 〉 Anhui 〉 Jiangxi 〉Chongqing 〉 Qinghai 〉 Shanghai. The highest increase of manure-borne SEs（1434.3 kg）and SAs（408.5 kg） was found in Hunan and Hubei provinces, respectively, and the total excretion in 2013 was 65% more than 15 years earlier in these two provinces. However, the emissions in Anhui and Shanghai decreased in this 15 year period of time. Swine urine,chicken feces, cattle urine, and laying hen feces were considered the dominant sources of manure-borne E1, βE2, αE2, and SAs, respectively. Although Jiangsu province did not have the largest excretion of manure-borne SEs, it had the highest level of predicted17β-estradiol equivalency（EEQs） value of 16.65 ng/L in surface water because of the limited surface water resources. According to the lowest observable effect level of 10 ng/L for17β-estradiol, the manure-borne SEs in Jiangsu province might potentially pose ecological risk to its wild aquatic organisms.

关键词： Manure-borne steroid hormones Animal manure Pollution risk assessment The Yangtze river basin

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RANGE SURVEY OF DEPOSITION IN THE LOWER yellow river

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2002年第2期17卷 91-101页

作者： LONG Yuqian1, LIANG Guoting1, ZHANG Yuanfeng1, SHEN Guanqing1, ZHANG Liuzhu1 and CHENG Longyuan1 yellow river conservancy commission Zhengzhou 450003 Henan P.R.China

A range survey database is established and used to study the deposition or erosion processes in the Lower yellow river (LYR). The huge amount of data obtained through range surveys over nearly 50 years is managed by software (RGTOOLS) developed for this study. RGTOOLS is also used to evaluate the amount and distribution of deposition or erosion in LYR. Volumetric method is used for computation of the amount of deposition. Spatial and temporal variations of the deposition are studied and illustrated with drawings. It is found that a total of 6.44 billion m3 of sediment were deposited in the lower yellow river over approximately 50 years. The pattern of deposition varies in response to the variation of oncoming flow, which is influenced by natural climatic variations and also by reservoir operation.

关键词： Lower yellow river Range survey database Erosion and deposition Volumetric method

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The main-channel restoration objective and the relevant flow regime required for the lower yellow river

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第B11期51卷 210-217页

作者： LIU Xiaoyan ZHANG Yuanfeng LI Yong ZHANG Jianzhong yellow river conservancy commission Zhengzhou 450003 China yellow river Institute of Hydraulic Research Zhengzhou 450000 China

The main-channel of the lower yellow river is the main path of water and sediment transportation. In this paper, we put forth a suggestion that the bank-full discharge of the main-channel in the lower yellow river should be no less than 4000 m(3)/s, which is based on the demand from effective sediment transportation (or riverbed scouring), the demand of flood control on morphology of the cross section of the main-channel, and the possible riverbed-forming force of future flood. The forming of the main-channel is the process for the flood force to overcome the resistance from the riverbed. The forming of the main-channel configuration comes from the competition between riverbed-forming force of flood and resistance from the riverbed. Regarding the flood with medium or less sediment content and without floodplain inundated, the main-channel forming mechanism can be simplified as the relationship between the change of cross section area and W(alpha)Q(beta). For forming same main-channel, the needed flood force (WO0.37)-O-0.32 is definite, i.e., when the discharge is large, the flood volume can be smaller; if some flood is able to scour the main-channel, its force W(0.32)Q(0.37) should be larger than 41. Not all floods that inundate floodplain have the function of silting in floodplain and scouring main-channel. Regarding flood with medium or less sediment content, only when the flood discharge is over 1.5 times of the relevant bankfull discharge, obvious scouring effect can occur in the main-channel.

关键词：黄河主要通道泛滥区水文学

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Model of water-sediment regulation in yellow river and its effect

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2011年第4期54卷 924-930页

作者： LI GuoYing SHENG LianXi 1 yellow river conservancy commission Zhengzhou 450003China Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024China

Water-sediment regulation of the yellow river is to regulate and control the flow and sediment transport relationship of the lower reaches through reservoirs on the main streams and tributaries to create balance between water and sediment so that sediment transport capacity of the downstream channels can be maximized,shrinking of channels be contained,and medium flood channel be restored and *** years' research by the yellow river conservancy commission(YRCC) reveals the water and sediment transport relationship that will prevent sedimentation at the downstream river *** on this relationship and coming sediment and water conditions in the yellow river basin,the YRCC,with maximized use of reservoirs on the main streams and tributaries,has developed three models of water-sediment regulation:single Xiaolangdi Reservoir-dominated regulation,space scale water-sediment match,and mainstream reservoirs joint *** water-sediment regulations based on these three models have resulted in an average drop of 1.5 m in the main channel of the downstream 800 km river and an increase of carrying capacity from 1800 to 4000 m3/***,the wetland ecosystems of estuarine delta has also been improved and restored significantly.

关键词： water-sediment regulation yellow river effect

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Transformation of Erosion Types on Loess Slope by REE Tracking

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Journal of Rare Earths 2007年第S1期25卷 67-73页

作者：申震洲刘普灵谢永生杨明义李勉连振龙 Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources yellow river Institute of Hydraulic Research Yellow River Conservancy Commission

REE Tracking was adopted to study the transformation of erosion types on loess slope and the results indicated that the slope runoffs was correlated with the erosion ratios at the coefficients ranging within 0.84～0.94 and this indicated the variation tendency of erosion ratios basically agreed with the runoffs; the major erosion type is sheet erosion during the initial slope runoff generation and the sheet erosions separately accounted for 71%, 48% and 49% of the total; as rainfalls went on, the rill erosions continuously increased, indicating gradual transformation from sheet erosion into rill erosion. The examination of the origins of erosion silts revealed the relative erosion was always below 10% in the upper slope section; comparison of the relative rill erosions in different slope sections showed that rill erosions mainly originated in the section spanning from 0 to 4 m away from slope foot.

关键词： natural rainfall soil erosion transformation REE tracking rare earths

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Characteristics and influencing factors of greenhouse gas emissions from reservoirs in the yellow river Basin:A Meta-analysis

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第7期67卷 2210-2225页

作者： Shurui HUANG Peijia ZHANG Wenxiu ZHENG Jiajia ZHANG Yang LI Yuanjian WANG Enhui JIANG Shaoda LIU Xinghui XIA State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation School of EnvironmentBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 00875China yellow river Institute of Hydraulic Research Yellow River Conservancy CommissionZhengzhou 450003China

Reservoir construction and operation profoundly alter the hydrological,hydrodynamic,and carbon and nitrogen cycling processes of ***,current research still lacks a systematic understanding of the characteristics of greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions from reservoirs in arid/semi-arid *** study integrates existing monitoring data to discuss the characteristics of GHG emissions from reservoirs in the yellow river Basin and illustrate the controlling factors and underlying mechanism of these *** results indicate that while CO_(2) emission flux from reservoirs is lower than that from river channels,the emission fluxes of CH_(4) and N_(2)O are 1.9 times and 10 times those from rivers,respectively,indicating that the emission of GHG with stronger radiative effect is significantly enhanced in *** to the reservoirs in humid climates(e.g.,the Three Gorges Reservoir),reservoirs in the yellow river Basin exhibit relatively lower emissions of CO_(2) and CH_4 due to lower organic matter concentrations,but significantly higher N_(2)O emissions due to higher nitrogen *** Carlo simulations for 237 reservoirs in the yellow river Basin showed that total emission of the three GHGs is 3.05 Tg CO_(2)-eq yr^(-1),accounting for 0.39% of the total emission from global reservoirs and lower than the area percentage of the basin(0.53%).This study has important implications on revealing the GHG emission characteristics and control mechanisms of reservoirs in arid/semi-arid regions.

关键词： yellow river Basin Reservoir Greenhouse gas Emission flux Water quality

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