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Routine prenatal ultrasonography: The pregnant woman’s expectations and perspectives on safety in a Central African obstetric population

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Open Journal of obstetrics and Gynecology 2013年第7期3卷 573-576页

作者： Joshua Tambe Boniface Moifo Odile Fernande Zeh Pascal Foumane Joseph Gonsu Fotsin Robinson Enow Mbu obstetrics and Gynecology Department Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences The University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon obstetrics and Gynecology Department Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Yaounde Cameroon Radiology Department Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Yaounde Cameroon

Background: Pregnant women are important stakeholders regarding prenatal ultrasound (US) scanning. Their specific needs and preferences have to be ascertained by healthcare providers to ameliorate service delivery. Objective: To assess the pregnant woman’s expectations during routine prenatal US scan and her perspective ofUSsafety during pregnancy in a Central African obstetric population. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey of consenting pregnant women who reported for routine prenatal US scan using an anonymous questionnaire. A convenient sample of 200 participants was adopted. Results: Thirty-three (16.8%) respondents (on a total of 196) declared they had never done anUSscan. One hundred and eleven (58.4%) on a total of 190 stated that they had not received any information on what ultrasonography is all about. Before theUSscan the respondents would like to receive information on the aim or purpose of ultrasonography, possible inconveniences or risks, and on how to prepare before the scan. The most reported expectations were assurance of the wellbeing of the fetus (58%), gender determination (44.5%) and information on fetal position (20.5%). Thirty-four respondents considered ultrasonography as not perfectly safe for the mother or the “baby”, with the relevant reasons being the use or production of some potentially harmful “rays”. Conclusion: Pregnant women would want to be assured of the wellbeing of the fetus, the gender and position during routine prenatal US. They however need to be informed of its purpose and safety.

关键词： Routine Prenatal US Expectations US Safety

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The Clinical Features and Outcomes of Four Neonates Born to Mothers with a Severe Form of COVID-19 and a Positive RT-PCR for SARS Co-V2 in Douala gynaeco-obstetric and pediatric hospital in Cameroon

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Open Journal of pediatrics 2020年第4期10卷 642-651页

作者： Dominique Enyama D. Noukeu Njinkui I. Rakya D. Djomo Tamchom R. Tiokeng Nenzeko C. Mbakop Tchogna M. C. Bissa S. R. Wekang Tcheuffa D. Kamdem A. Ngalame H. Neng D. Mwadjie Ndongo Eteme F. Kemta Lekpa S. R. Simeni Njonnou S. P. Choukem G. P. Ngaba E. T. Mboudou Douala gynaeco-obstetric and pediatric hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon The University of Dschang Taskforce for the Elimination of COVID-19 (UNITED#COVID-19) Dschang Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Garoua Garoua Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaounde Cameroon

Background: A novel viral respiratory disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is responsible for a worldwide pandemic. The effects of this new disease in pregnant women and newborns are actually not well known. Methods: We investigated the clinical features and outcomes of four neonates born to mothers with a severe form of COVID-19 and a positive RT-PCR for SARS Co-V2 in Douala Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital (Cameroon) from April 20 to June 5, 2020. Results: All four mothers were symptomatic and had a positive RT-PCR for SARS CoV-2 from nasopharyngeal swab on admission. All of them delivered prematurely through cesarean section because of severe respiratory distress and one died shortly after delivery. The four premature male infants were born between 30 weeks and 35 weeks 2 days of gestation and had birth weights ranging from 1090 g to 2950 g. All infants had 1-minute Apgar scores that ranged from 7 to 8 and 5-minute Apgar scores varying between 8 and 9. They were isolated from their mothers immediately after birth and received formula feeding. Three of the four infants were tested using nasopharyngeal swab specimens for RT-PCR 24 to 48 hours after birth and were negative for COVID-19. All the infants were treated in a dedicated area at the neonatal care unit and presented with mild respiratory distress on admission with a Silverman score that varied between 2 and 4/10. During their hospitalization, all the infants also presented with jaundice and underwent phototherapy. Three of the

关键词： COVID-19 Infected Mothers Premature Newborns Severe Respiratory Distress Outcome Cameroon

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Maternal and Fetal Outcomes Following Labour at Term in Singleton Pregnancies with Meconium-Stained Amniotic Fluid: A Prospective Cohort Study

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Open Journal of obstetrics and Gynecology 2018年第9期8卷 790-802页

作者： Julius Sama Dohbit Evelyne M. Mah Felix Essiben Edmond Mesumbe Nzene Esther U. N. Meka Pascal Foumane Joel Noutakdie Tochie Benjamin Momo Kadia Felix A. Elong Philip Njotang Nana Department of obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon gynaeco-obstetric and pediatric hospital Yaounde Cameroon Central hospital of yaounde Yaounde Cameroon Department of Surgery and Anesthesiology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Foumbot District hospital Foumbot Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Background: Meconium stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) is frequently encountered in obstetric practice. Literature on the subject is still poorly documented in the African setting. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the maternal and fetal outcomes in case of meconium stained amniotic fluid observed during term labour. Materials and Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study enrolling all consenting pregnant women with term singleton fetus in cephalic presentation admitted for labour with ruptured fetal membranes in the maternity units of the Yaoundé Central hospital (YCH) and the Yaoundé gynaeco-obstetric and pediatric hospital (YGOPH) of Cameroon between December 2014 and April 2015. The exposed grouped was considered as participants having MSAF, while the non-exposed group comprised those with clear amniotic fluid (CAF). The two groups were monitored during labor using the WHO partograph, and then followed up till 72 hours after delivery. Variables studied included the colour and texture of amniotic fluid as well as maternal and fetal complications. Data was analyzed using Epi-info version 3.5.4. The chi-square and Fischer’s exact tests were appropriately used to compare the two groups. A p-value less than 5% was considered statistically significant. Results: 2376 vaginal deliveries were recorded during the study period among which MSAF was observed in 265 cases, hence a prevalence rate of MSAF of 11.15%. Among these cases of MSAF, 52.1% was thick meconium and 47.9% was light meconium. Maternal morbidity was high in the group with MSAF;these included: Higher proportions of caesarean delivery (RR = 2.35 p -4) and prolonged labor (RR = 3 p -4). In this same group, the incidences of chorioamnionitis and puerperal sepsis were low (0.94% and 0.70% respectively), although there was a three-fold higher risk that was not statistically significant (RR = 3, P = 0.31). Fetal and neonatal outcomes were poorer in the MSAF group compared to the CAF group. The c

关键词： Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid Labour Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes

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The Effect of Requester Training on the Relevance of Lumbar Spine X-Ray Request for Low Back Pain in Adults at yaounde

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Open Journal of Radiology 2022年第1期12卷 8-16页

作者： Moulion Tapouh Jean Roger Djomou Wandji Franck Arold Mbede Maggy Moifo Boniface Bafoussam Regional hospital Center Bafoussam Cameroon Department of Radiology Biophysics and Medical Imaging Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon yaounde Central hospital Yaounde Cameroon gynaeco-obstetric and pediatric hospital of yaounde Yaounde Cameroon

Background: Despite the availability of guidelines, the requests for medical imaging examinations for the exploration of low back pain remain irrelevant in the majority of cases. Objective: To assess the impact of requester training on the justification of lumbar spine X-rays for low back pain in adults in yaounde. Materials and Methods: We carried out an interventional study from December 2017 to April 2018 in yaounde (Cameroon). We analyzed the relevance of the prescription of X-rays for low back pain before and after an interactive training of the requesters. Results: Among the 16 requesters who were trained, the proportion of irrelevant requests dropped from 58.22% (46/79) before training to 44.44% (20/45) after training, representing a decrease of 13.78% (p = 0.012). The highest drop in the proportion of irrelevant requests was found among general practitioners (-21.98%) and requesters having less than 10 years of experience in medical practice (-31.8%). Conclusion: The training of requesters moderately reduces the rate of irrelevant examinations. Other factors of irrelevant prescription must be investigated and corrected for this decrease to be more significant.

关键词： Guidelines Low Back Pain Training Requesters Justification

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Diagnostic Reference Levels of Adults CT-Scan Imaging in Cameroon: A Pilot Study of Four Commonest CT-Protocols in Five Radiology Departments

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2017年第1期7卷 1-8页

作者： Boniface Moifo Jean Roger Moulion Tapouh Mathurin Neossi Guena Thierry Ndzana Ndah Richard Ndi Samba Augustin Simo Department of Radiology and Radiation Oncology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences The University of Yaoundé 1 Yaounde Cameroon Radiology Department Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Yaounde Cameroon Radiology Department Yaounde University Teaching Hospital Yaounde Cameroon Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon National Radiation Protection Agency (ANRP) Yaounde Cameroon

CT-scan is the most irradiating tool in diagnostic radiology. For 5% - 10% of diagnostic X-ray procedures, it is responsible for 34% of irradiation according to UNSCEAR. Patients radiation protection must therefore be increased during CT-scan procedures. This requires the rigorous application of optimization principle which imposes to have “diagnostic reference levels”. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) of the four most frequent CT-scans examinations of adults in Cameroon. Material and Method: It was a cross-sectional pilot study carried out from April to September 2015 in five health facilities using CT-scan in Cameroon. The studied variables were: patients age and sex, type of CT-scan examination (cerebral, chest, abdomino-pelvic, lumbar spine), Used of IV contrast (IV﹣/ IV+), acquisition length, time of tube rotation, voltage (kV), mAs, pitch, thickness of slices, CTDIvol and DLP. For each type of examination, at least 30 patients were included per center, consecutively on the randomly predetermined days. The DRL for each type of examination was defined as the 75th percentile of its PDL and CTDIvol. Results: Of the 696 examinations, 41.2% were cerebral, 26.9% abdomino-pelvic, 17.7% lumbar spine and 14.2% chest. The mean age of patients was 52 ± 15 years [20 - 90 years], 58.9% were 50 years and older. The sex-ratio was 1.26 (55.9% males). The CT machines were 4, 8 and 16 multidetectors. The 75th percentile of DLP or DRLs [standard deviation] was: [1150 ± 278 mGy·cm], [770 ± 477 mGy·cm], [720 ± 170 mGy·cm] and [715 ± 187 mGy·cm] respectively for cerebral, lumbar spine, abdominopelvic and chest CT-scans. Taking in consideration the number of detectors, the 75th percentile of the Dose-Length product decreased with the increase number of detectors for cerebral examinations but was the highest with 16 MDCT for the abdominopelvic, lumbar spine and chest CT-scans. For the chest and lumbar spine examinations, there wa

关键词： Optimization Diagnostic Reference Levels Dose Length Product CT Dose Index Patient Dose Radiation Protection Best Practices

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Knowledge Regarding Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV among a Group of Adults in a Low Income Country

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Open Journal of pediatrics 2023年第6期13卷 955-965页

作者： Epee Ngoue Jeannette Sime Tchouamo Arielle Annick Kamo Selangai Helene Mboua Batoum Véronique Tony Nengom Jocelyn Kago Tague Daniel Armand Brice Touka Kouam Euranie Essomba Aurore Albane Nguefack Felicitée Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon yaounde gynaeco-obstetric and pediatric hospital of yaounde Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences of Garoua University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Interstate Public Health Center of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo

Introduction: Despite communication on Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), close to 5.9 million people didn’t know they were living with HIV. One of the modes of transmission of HIV is vertical transmission. It remains the principal way of transmission of HIV for children below 15 years, with over 90% of them being infected. In Cameroon, the mother and child transmission of HIV is still a problem with 5.5% of infection of exposed infant at the early infant diagnosis in 2019. Awareness on prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) is an important component for the fight against HIV. We therefore aimed at gauging the level of knowledge of a group of adult clients on HIV and PMTCT. Methodology: We conducted a cross sectional and analytical study at the Yaoundé Gyneco-obstetric and pediatric hospital for a period of one month. Were included, adults who visited the hospital for a free screening campaign on HIV. Data were collected using a questionnaire on their characteristics and knowledge of HIV and PMTCT. Data were entered using CSPro and analysed using IBM SPSS. Results: There was a gap in knowledge on HIV, considering satisfactory knowledge from 25 points and above, it was noted that 34.6% of our respondents had a non-satisfactory knowledge. For PMTCT, knowledge was average with the majority scoring 10 points on 18. Considering satisfactory knowledge on PMTCT was from 10 and above, 35.9% of our respondents had a non-satisfactory knowledge. Female sex was associated with satisfactory knowledge for both HIV and PMTCT. Conclusion: Concerning PMTCT, the knowledge of the mode of transmission, Antiretroviral (ARV) drugs for prevention to the babies or feedings recommendations on exposed HIV infants were poor. There is a gap in favor of women regarding knowledge between HIV and PMTCT. Therefore, men are highly encouraged to take part to health promotion activities on HIV and PMTCT.

关键词： HIV PMTCT Infant Knowledge

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The Empiric Use of Palm Kernel Oil in Neonatal Skin Care:Justifiable or Not?

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2011年第12期17卷 950-954页

作者： Andreas Chiabi Maguerite Hortence Kenmogne Seraphin Nguefack Bolaji Obadeyi Evelyne Mah Franck Zeh Meka Pierre-Fernand Tchokoteu Elie Mbonda Tetanye Ekoe yaounde gynaeco-obstetric and pediatric hospital P.O.Box 4362Yaounder Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde IP.O.Box 1364YaounderCameroon Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Yaounde IP.O.Box 812YaounderCameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde 1P.O.Box 1364YaounderCameroon Health Logics P.O.Box 13777Ikeia LagosNigeria yaounde gynaeco-obstetric and pediatric hospital Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde IP.O.Box 1364Yaounder Cameroon

Palm kernel oil is a vegetable oil derived from Elaeis guineensis and widely used in neonatal settings for skin care. It is a good emollient with a beneficial effect in moisturizing the skin and preventing transdermal heat and water loss. However, it＇s putative roles in the prevention or treatment of fatty acid deficiency is still controversial. So is its function in the improvement of neurological development from its long- chain polyunsaturated fatty acids？ We set out in this review to verify whether its empiric use in this context has any scientific justification and is recommendable. Although there is evidence that it has emollient and moisturizing properties necessary for softening the skin and restoring elasticity, controversy subsists on its other nutritional and neurodevelopmental properties.

关键词： palm kernel oil neonate skin care

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Maternal Mortality in Two Reference hospitals in the City of yaounde (Cameroon): Epidemiological, Clinical and Prognostic Aspects

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Open Journal of obstetrics and Gynecology 2021年第5期11卷 610-625页

作者： Armand Kamga Talom Florent Fouelifack Ymele Edmond Mesumbe Nzene Jeanne Fouedjio Pascal Foumane Department of Gynecology and obstetrics Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Higher Institute of Medical Technology Yaounde Central Hospital Yaounde Cameroon yaounde Central hospital Yaounde Cameroon yaounde Gyneco-obstetric and pediatric hospital Yaounde Cameroon

Objectives: The objective of this work was to determine the epidemiological, clinical and prognostic aspects of maternal mortality (MM) in the city of yaounde. Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study... 详细信息

Objectives: The objective of this work was to determine the epidemiological, clinical and prognostic aspects of maternal mortality (MM) in the city of Yaounde. Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection of maternal deaths according to the World Health Organization (WHO) definition, from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019, in two tertiary centers of Yaounde: The Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital (YGOPH) and the Yaounde Central Hospital (YCH). Results: During the study period, 208 maternal deaths were identified, with 4/5 (78.4%) from referred cases. The MM ratio was 1532.8 per 100,000 live births (LB) vs. 609.5 per 100,000 live births at YCH and YGOPH respectively. The Main causes where haemorrhage (49%) followed by hypertensive diseases and their complications (21.2%), maternal mortality was associated with 50% of cases of foetal or neonatal deaths (57.4% in YCH vs 28.3% in YGOPH, P Conclusion: Our study shows a large increase in maternal mortality ratios in YCH and YGOPH maternities since 2017. The main cau

关键词： Maternal Mortality Tertiary Centers yaounde Cameroon

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Enhanced autophagic clearance of amyloid-βvia histone deacetylase 6-mediated V-ATPase assembly and lysosomal acidification protects against Alzheimer's disease in vitro and in vivo

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2633-2644页

作者： Zhimin Long Chuanhua Ge Yueyang Zhao Yuanjie Liu Qinghua Zeng Qing Tang Zhifang Dong Guiqiong He Institute of Neuroscience School of Basic Medical SciencesChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Anatomy Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Physiology Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina pediatric Research Institute Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina

Recent studies have suggested that abnormal acidification of lysosomes induces autophagic accumulation of amyloid-βin neurons,which is a key step in senile plaque ***,resto ring normal lysosomal function and rebalancing lysosomal acidification in neurons in the brain may be a new treatment strategy for Alzheimer's *** acetylation/deacetylation plays a central role in lysosomal ***,we show that inhibiting the classic microtubule deacetylase histone deacetylase 6 with an histone deacetylase 6 shRNA or thehistone deacetylase 6 inhibitor valproic acid promoted lysosomal reacidification by modulating V-ATPase assembly in Alzheimer's *** rthermore,we found that treatment with valproic acid markedly enhanced *** clearance of amyloid-βaggregates,and ameliorated cognitive deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer's *** findings demonstrate a previously unknown neuroprotective mechanism in Alzheimer's disease,in which histone deacetylase 6 inhibition by valproic acid increases V-ATPase assembly and lysosomal acidification.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease amyloid-β APP/PS1 mice autophagy cognitive impairment histone deacetylase 6 lysosomal acidification microtubule acetylation valproic acid V-ATPase

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Assessment of Dose and Lifetime Risk of Exposure Induced Cancer in Adult Common Computed Tomography Scans in Douala-Cameroon

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Open Journal of Radiology 2024年第3期14卷 135-146页

作者： Celestin Mpeke Mokubangele Alexandre Ngwa Ebongue Daniel Bongue Boniface Moifo Centre for Atomic Molecular Physics and Quantum Optics (CEPAMOQ) University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Radiology and Radiation Oncology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Radiology Department Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Yaounde Cameroon

Background: Among medical technologies that use ionizing radiation, CT is currently the radio diagnostic technic that can deliver the highest radiation to the Patient compared with other conventional procedures. In developing countries, the uses and risks of CT have not been well characterized. Objective: To estimate the lifetime attributable risk (LAR) incidence and mortality for cancer for each procedure for adult’s patients who had Computed Tomography examinations in 10 imaging centers in the city of Douala-Cameroon so as to provide a reference data. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study describing radiation dose associated with the 8 most common types of diagnostic CT studies performed on 1287 consecutive adult patients at 10 Douala radiology department. We estimated lifetime attributable risks of cancer by study type from these measured doses. Estimation of LAR for cancer incidence and mortality was based on the effective dose, patient’s sex and age at exposure using the BIER VII preferred models. Results: Mean effective dose from CT scans examinations varied from: 0.30 and 8.81 mSv. The highest doses were observed for lumbar spine CT (8.81 mSv), followed by abdomen-pelvis procedure (6.46 mSv), chest-abdomen-pelvic CT (6.61 mSv), chest CT (3.90 mSv), cervical Spine CT (3.05 mSv), head CT (1.7 mSv) and lower for sinus CT (0.30 mSv). The LAR values of all cancer from patients’ CT scans obtained vary from 67.13 excess per 100,000 (about 1 in 1489) and 0.45 excess per 100,000 (about 1 in 222,222). All cancer risk was high for lumbar spine CT in women 20 years old (67.13 excess deaths in 100,000 scans) followed by chest-abdomen-pelvic CT (50.36 excess deaths in 100,000 scans) and abdomen-pelvic CT (49.22 excess deaths in 100,000 scans) for the same age group. The LAR of incidence and mortality values were higher from female’s patients than males and higher for younger than older patients. Conclusion: This study was set out to estimate the LAR v

关键词： Patient Dose CT Scan BEIIR VII Report Cancer Risk Assessment

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