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Tidal Level Response to Sea-Level Rise in the Yangtze estuary

China Ocean Engineering 2012年第1期26卷 109-122页

作者：龚政张长宽万里明左军成 State Key Laboratory of hydrology-water resources and Hydraulic Engineering Hohai University Yangtze river estuary survey bureau of hydrology and water resource Ministry of Water Resources

The rise of tidal level in tidal reaches induced by sea-level rise has a large impact on flood control and water supply for the regions around the estuary. This paper focuses on the variations of tidal level response along the tidal reaches in the Yangtze estuary, as well as the impacts of upstream discharge on tidal level response, due to the sea-level rise of the East China Sea. Based on the Topex/Poseidon altimeter data obtained during the period 1993-2005, a stochastic dynamic analysis was performed and a forecast model was run to predict the sea-level rise of the East China Sea. Two- dimensional hydrodynamic numerical models downscaling from the East China Sea to estuarine areas were implemented to analyze the rise of tidal level along the tidal reaches. In response to the sea-level rise, the tidal wave characteristics change slightly in nearshore areas outside the estuaries, involving the tidal range and the duration of flood and ebb tide. The results show that the rise of tidal level in the tidal reaches due to the sea-level rise has upstream decreasing trends. The step between the stations of Zhangjiagang and Shiyiwei divides the tidal reaches into two parts, in which the tidal level response declines slightly. The rise of tidal level is 1-2.5 mm/a in the upper part, and 4-6 mm/a in the lower part. The stations of Jiangyin and Yanglin, as an example of the upper part and the lower part respectively, are extracted to analyze the impacts of upstream discharge on tidal level response to the sea-level rise. The relation between the rise of tidal level and the upstream discharge can be fitted well with a quadratic fimction in the upper part. However, the relation is too complicated to be fitted in the lower part because of the tide dominance. For comparison purposes, hourly tidal level observations at the stations of Xuliujing and Yanglin during the period 1993-2009 are adopted. In order to uniform the influence of upstream discharge on tidal level for a certain

关键词： Yangtze estuary sea-level r&e stochastic dynamic analysis and forecast model tidal reaches," dischargeincrement

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From the water sources of the Tibetan Plateau to the ocean:State of nutrients in the Changjiang linked to land use changes and climate variability

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第11期65卷 2127-2174页

作者： Jing ZHANG Guosen ZHANG Yanan DU Anyu ZHANG Yan CHANG Yingchun ZHOU Zhuoyi ZHU Ying WU Zaifeng ZHANG Sumei LIU State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China yangze river estuary survey bureau of hydrology and water resource CWRCShanghai 200136.China KLATASDS-MOE School of StatisticsEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Nantong Environmental Monitoring Center Ministry of Ecology and EnvironmentNantong 226006China Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China School of Oceanography Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200030China

Anthropogenic activity is an important driver of changes in the chemistry of nutrients(N,P,and Si)over watersheds at the sub-continental scale(e.g.,106km~2)and can markedly modify their seaward fluxes to the global *** the present study,we reviewed the current status of nutrient chemistry in Changjiang(Yangtze river)based on data collected through 11 expeditions along a river course spanning 4,500 km and 15–20 major tributaries during 1997–2016 as well as monthly monitoring at the river mouth since *** data were analyzed together with published results in the literature to synthesize the recent developments and current state of nutrients in the *** published results from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau head waters were included to realize the systematics of nutrients for the whole drainage ***,we showed that tributaries of the upper reaches of watersheds collectively determine the regime with high concentration and skewed species ratio of nutrients in the Changjiang mainstream,producing profound effects over a water course of 2,000–2,500 km further downstream and until the river ***,using data across the Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR)during 2003–2016,we evaluated the trapping and/or amplifying effects of the Three Gorges Dam(TGD)on nutrient ***-influenced river delta contributed an additional 20%dissolved inorganic phosphorus and 5–10%dissolved inorganic nitrogen and dissolved silicates to the seaward flux,dramatically affecting the stoichiometry of nutrients at the river ***,based on compiled data on supply and export,legacy nutrients were *** nitrogen and phosphorus are in the accumulation phase over the watersheds,and the legacy nutrient fluxes are much higher than the annual riverine seaward ***,we demonstrated that the seaward fluxes of anthropogenic nutrients from the Changjiang exceed those from other top 10 largest rivers on this planet,which can be attributed to land use changes

关键词： Changjiang Nutrient chemistry Species ratio Fluxes Global river systems Hysteresis effect Legacy contributions

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