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Gut microbial community structure and function of Przewalski’s horses varied across reintroduced sites in China

Integrative Zoology 2023年第6期18卷 1027-1040页

作者： Liping TANG Liping YAN Huiping JIA Yu XIONG Xinping MA Hongjun CHU Zhicheng SUN Liang WANG Mubalake SHALITANATI Kai LI Defu HU Dong ZHANG School of Ecology and nature Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina Xinjiang Mountain Ungulate nature reserve Management Center UrumqiChina Institute of Forestry Ecology Xinjiang Academy of Forestry SciencesUrumqiChina Administrative Bureau of Dunhuang Xihu national nature reserve DunhuangChina administration of Gansu Anxi Extra-arid Desert national nature reserve GuazhouChina School of Life Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Wild Horse Breeding Research Center UrumqiChina

Host-associated microbiota can significantly impact host ***,naturally occurring variations in microbiota may influence the health and persistence of their *** finding is particularly important in reintroduced animals,as they typically experience habitat changes during ***,little is known about how microbiomes are altered in response to conservation ***,we accessed the gut microbiome of Przewalski’s horse(Equus przewalskii)populations in China from three nature reserves(*** Kalamaili nature reserve,KNR;Dunhuang Xihu national nature reserve,DXNNR;and Anxi Extreme-arid Desert nature reserve,AENR)using 16s rRNA gene and metagenome *** results showed that the microbial composition and function differed significantly across locations,while a subset of core taxa was consistently present in most of the *** abundance of genes encoding microbe-produced enzymes involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates,especially for glycoside hydrolases,was significantly higher in open-spaced KNR populations than in more confined AENR *** study offers detailed and significant differential characters related to the microbial community and metabolic pathways in various reintroduced sites of Przewalski’s horse,which might provide a basis for future microecological and conservation research on endangered reintroduced animals.

关键词： 16s rRNA gene metagenome microbial variation reintroduction

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Lysimachia septemfida(Primulaceae),a new species from Yunnan,China

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Plant Diversity 2016年第4期38卷 201-206页

作者： Ze-huan Wang Xi-wen Li En-de Liu Fa-zhi Shangguan Xue-ke Chang Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences Nanjian administration Bureau of Wuliangshan national nature reserve

A new species, Lysimachia septemfida(Primulaceae), from Yunnan(Southwest China) is described and illustrated. The new species exhibits several unusual characters in Lysimachia including lack of a corolla,7-merous flowers, leaves in whorls of 3 and distinct multicellular nodiferous hairs, which make it readily distinguishable from all other species in this genus. The diagnostic differences between this new species and its suppositive allies are given. In addition, the systematic placement of this new species is also discussed based on an ITS molecular tree.

关键词： Lysimachia septemfida Lysimachia New species Primulaceae Wunnan China

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Factors Determining the Abundance of Red Swamp Crayfish(Procambarus clarkii) in a Large Lake Connected to the Yangzte River

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2022年第1期13卷 61-67页

作者： WANG Yuyu TAN Wenzhuo LI Bin XIAO Yayu GUO Min LU Xiuyuan LEI Guangchun School of Ecology and nature Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Hubei Chenhu Wetland nature reserve administration Wuhan 430100China

Invasive species and habitat degradation are the main reasons for freshwater biodiversity loss. Reports on the habitat degradation and invasion ecology of Red Swamp crayfish(Procambarus clarkii) are few, although it is one of the most devastating invasive species in freshwater ecosystems. Based on a three-year investigation during 2017-2019 in West Dongting Lake, this study used Principal Component Analysis(PCA), Generalized Linear Model(GLM) and Bayesian model to analyze the relationships of P. clarkii stocks and environment factors in natural and modified wetlands. The results showed that the abundance of P. clarkii was positively correlated with total nitrogen, total phosphorus, water temperature, pH, water depth, and water transparency;while it was negatively correlated with dissolved oxygen and redox potential. The difference between P. clarkii stocks in natural and modified wetlands was nonsignificant. The P. clarkii stock decreased yearly, as levels in both 2018 and 2019 were significantly lower than in 2017. We concluded that inter-annual variation of the hydrological regime plays an important role in P. clarkii dynamics, and thus it is of great importance to ensure that the water level and flow velocity in summer to control the invasive P. clarkii.

关键词： Red Swamp Crayfish(P.clarkii) abundance temporal variation habitat modification floodplain wetland

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Whistle signal variations among three Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin populations in the South China Sea:a combined effect of the Qiongzhou Strait’s geographical barrier function and local ambient noise?

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第4期16卷 499-511页

作者： Jing YUAN Zhitao WANG Pengxiang DUAN Yousheng XIAO Hongke ZHANG Zhixiong HUANG Ruichun ZHOU Hua WEN Kexiong WANG Ding WANG The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Hydrobiology of the Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Pearl River Estuary Chinese White Dolphin national nature reserve ZhuhaiChina national Hepu Dugong nature reserve administration Station BeihaiChina Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge Authority ZhuhaiChina

Geographic variations in the dolphin whistles could be useful in assessing association and isolation among *** of free-ranging Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins(Sousa chinensis)among the Pearl River Estuary(PRE),Leizhou Bei(LZB)and Sanniang Bay(SNB)populations were investigated.A total of 2850 whistles with legible fundamental contour were extracted and 15 acoustic parameters were *** to SNB,PRE and LZB had the same relative proportion of tonal type compositions with flat and sine representing the most frequent *** generalized linear model analysis showed significant acoustic difference among populations and tonal *** frequency parameters in SNB were significantly higher than those in PRE and LZB,where no significant variation was observed in most of the parameters either at the population level or within each tonal *** discriminant functions analysis showed a smaller difference between PRE and LZB than between PRE and SNB and between LZB and *** with previous recordings,recent recordings demonstrated a consistent pattern of becoming higher in whistle frequency parameters in both LZB and SNB populations,suggesting that noise pollution in LZB and SNB increasing with time according to the acoustic niche *** whistle’s geographic variations could be shaped by the combined function of the geographical barrier function of the Qiongzhou strait and local ambient *** the isolated condition and the relatively smaller population size of the humpback dolphin in the SNB,more effective and proactive conservation actions should be taken to prevent the extinction of small populations.

关键词： geographic difference geographical barrier Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins noise whistle

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Effects of social and climatic factors on birth sex ratio in Macaca mulatta in Mount Taihangshan area

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Integrative Zoology 2015年第2期10卷 199-206页

作者： Jundong TIAN Baishi WANG Zhenlong WANG Jindong LIU Jiqi LU Institute of Biodiversity and Ecology Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina Jiyuan administration of Taihangshan Macaque national nature reserve JiyuanChina Department of Wildlife Diseases Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife ResearchBerlinGermany

Sex allocation theory predicts the optimal investment to male and female ***,a biased sex ratio requires explanations as to why the deviation *** macaque(Macaca mulatta)is the most widely distributed nonhuman primate species and the Taihangshan macaque(Macaca mulatta tcheliensis)occupies the northern limit of all rhesus macaque natural populations *** observed one macaque troop(Wangwu-1[WW-1])inhabiting Taihangshan Macaque national nature reserve and recorded all birth events and the sex of newborn macaques from 2004 to *** aim was to apply the Trivers–Willard hypothesis to this free-ranging rhesus macaque troop,and to understand the relationship between climatic parameters(precipitation and temperature)and birth sex *** found that the total newborn macaques showed a female-biased sex ratio at birth in the WW-1 troop,but there were no significant biased birth sex ratios in all matriarchs and in high-ranking and middle-ranking matrilineal ***,the low-ranking macaque matrilineal unit was significantly ***,we found that the annual precipitation of the previous year was positively associated with the birth sex ratio,and there was an interactive effect of troop size and current winter temperature on the birth sex *** underlying mechanisms for the effects of social and climatic factors on birth sex ratio could be complex,and we discuss several plausible explanations.

关键词： birth sex ratio precipitation rhesus macaque social rank Trivers-Willard hypothesis

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Assessment of habitat suitability of the snow leopard (Panthera uncia) in Qomolangma national nature reserve based on MaxEnt modeling

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Zoological Research 2018年第6期39卷 373-386页

作者： De-Feng Bai Peng-Ju Chen Luciano Atzeni Lhaba Cering Qian Li Kun Shi Wildfife Institute School of Nature Conservation Beiiing Forestry University Beijing 100083 China Everest Snow Leopard Conservation Center Rikaze Xizang 857000 China Qomolangma national nature reserve administration Rikaze Xizang 857000 China Eco-Bridge Continental Beijing 100085 China

Habitat evaluation constitutes an important and fundamental step in the management of wildlife populations and conservation policy planning. Geographic information system （GIS） and species presence data provide the means by which such evaluation can be done. Maximum Entropy （MaxEnt） is widely used in habitat suitability modeling due to its power of accuracy and additional descriptive properties To survey snow leopard populations in Qomolangma （Mt. Everest） national nature reserve （QNNR）, Xizang （Tibet）, China, we pooled 127 pugmarks, 415 scrape marks, and 127 non-invasive identifications of the animal along line transects and recorded 87 occurrences through camera traps from 2014-2017. We adopted the MaxEnt model to generate a map highlighting the extent of suitable snow leopard habitat in QNNR. Results showed that the accuracy of the MaxEnt model was excellent （mean AUC=0.921）. Precipitation in the driest quarter, ruggedness, elevation, maximum temperature of the warmest month, and annual mean temperature were the main environmental factors influencing habitat suitability for snow leopards, with contribution rates of 20.0%, 14.4%, 13.3%, 8.7%, and 8.2% respectively The suitable habitat area extended for 7 001.93 km^2, representing 22.72% of the whole reserve. The regions bordering Nepal were the main suitable snow leopard habitats and consisted of three separate habitat patches Our findings revealed that precipitation, temperature conditions, ruggedness, and elevations of around 4 000 m a.s.I, influenced snow leopard preferences at the landscape level in QNNR. We advocate further research and cooperation with Nepal to evaluate habitat connectivity and to explore possible proxies of population isolation among these patches. Furthermore, evaluation of subdivisions within the protection zones of QNNR is necessary to improve conservation strategies and enhance protection.

关键词： Qomolangma national nature reserve Snow leopard MaxEnt Habitat suitability assessment Tibet

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A comparison of food habits and prey preferences of Amur tiger(Panthera tigris altaica)at the southwest Primorskii Krai in Russia and Hunchun in China

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第5期13卷 595-603页

作者： Jiayin GU Lan YU Yan HUA Yao NING Bao HENG Jinzhe QI Zexv LONG Mingyuan YAO Chong HUANG Zhilin LI Jianming LANG Guangshun JIANG Jianzhang MA College of Wildlife Resources Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbinHeilongjiangChina Feline Research Center of Chinese State Forestry administration HarbinChina Hunchun Amur Tiger national nature reserve HunchunJilinChina

A small,isolated Amur tiger population ranges across the southwest Primorskii Krai region in Russia and Hunchun region in *** individuals,with“dual nationality,”cross the border *** effective conservation strategies requires a clear understanding of tiger food requirements in both *** the diets of tigers ranging in Russia is clearly understood,little is known of the tigers’feeding habits in China..We used scat analysis combined with data on the abundance of 4 prey species to examine Amur tiger diet and prey preferences in *** examined 53 tiger scat samples from 2011 to 2016 and found that tigers preyed on 12 species(11 species in winter),4 of which were domestic animals with 33.58%biomass contribution;this was the first record of Amur tigers eating lynx in this *** showed a strong preference for wild boar(Jacobs index:+0.849),which were also the most frequently consumed prey,and a strong avoidance of roe deer(Jacobs index:–0.693).On the Russian side,domestic animals(just dog)were rarely found in tiger scat,and tigers did not show strong avoidance of roe deer,but of sika *** also found red deer footprints during winter surveys and that tigers ate red deer on the Chinese side,while there was no record of red deer feeding on the Russian *** or eliminating human disturbance,such as grazing,is essential to recovering tiger prey and habitat in this area and the Sino–Russian joint ungulate annual survey is indispensable for prey estimates of this small,isolated Amur tiger population.

关键词： Amur tiger food habitat prey preference scat analysis southwest Primorie-Hunchun

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Sand-fixing characteristics of Carex brunnescens and its application with straw checkerboard technique in restoration of degraded alpine meadows

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Journal of Arid Land 2017年第5期9卷 651-665页

作者： KANG Jianjun ZHAO Ming TAN Yanrong ZHU li BING Danhui ZHANG Yangdong TONG Shengli Gansu Research Academy of Forestry Science and Technology Lanzhou 730000 China Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China administration of Gansu Xinglongshan national nature reserve Lanzhou 730000 China

Carex brunnescens（Pers.）, a typical clonal species, is considered to be the only herb found to date that can develop on sand dunes in Maqu alpine region of northwestern China. However, the characteristics that C. brunnescens resists to harsh alpine environment have not been documented. In this study, we conducted a field investigation to determine the morphological, reproductive, and sand-fixing characteristics of C. brunnescens. Concomitantly, we transplanted the belowground rhizomes of C. brunnescens to sand dunes and compared the abilities to restore degraded alpine meadows among sand dunes that had no further treatment（SD＋N）, sand dunes that had straw checkerboard technique but no transplanted rhizomes of C. brunnescens（SD＋SCT）, and sand dunes that had both SCT and transplanted rhizomes of C. brunnescens（SD＋SCT＋P）. We found that belowground vertical rhizomes and horizontal rhizomes（including branching rhizomes and main rhizomes） of C. brunnescens were highly developed and that population reproduction was dominated by horizontal rhizomes. C. brunnescens exhibited a significant sand-fixation effect under following conditions： population density was 145–156 ramets/m^2, vegetation cover was 31.2%–39.3%, total length of belowground rhizomes was 11,223 cm/m^2, total length of belowground first-order roots was 9161–10,524 cm/m^2, fresh weight of aboveground part was 198.5–212.6 g/m^2, and fresh weight of belowground part was 578.8–612.4 g/m^2. It should be particularly noted that SD＋SCT＋P treatment（sand dunes that had both straw checkerboard technique and transplanted rhizomes of C. brunnescens） was the best and SD＋N（sand dunes that had no further treatment） was the worst in terms of following biotic indicators： total number of reproductive ramets, total number of belowground rhizomes, and fresh weight of aboveground and belowground parts of C. brunnescens, contents of soil organic carbon, available nitrogen, microbial biomass carbon, and microbial biomass nitrogen. It

关键词： Carex brunnescens(Pers ) perennial herb sand-fixing straw checkerboard technique Maqu alpine region

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Multi-year throughfall reduction enhanced the growth and non-structural carbohydrate storage of roots at the expenses of above-ground growth in a warm-temperate natural oak forest

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第3期10卷 357-367页

作者： Cuiju Liu Zhicheng Chen Shirong Liu Kunfang Cao Baoliang Niu Xiaojing Liu Xiaomin Gao Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationEcology and Nature Conservation InstituteChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing100091China Baotianman Forest Ecosystem Research Station Nanyang473000China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation College of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanning530004China Henan Baotianman nature reserve administration Neixiang474350China

The more frequent occurrence and severer drought events resulting from climate change are increasingly affecting the physiological performance of trees and ecosystem carbon sequestration in many regions of the ***,our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the responses and adaption of forest trees to prolonged and multi-year drought is still *** address this problem,we conducted a long-term manipulative throughfall reduction(TFR,reduction of natural throughfall by 50%–70%during growing seasons)experiment in a natural oriental white oak(Quercus aliena *** Maxim.)forest under warm-temperate *** seven years of continuous TFR treatment,the aboveground growth in *** *** started to *** with the control plots,trees in the TFR treatment significantly reduced growth increments of stems(14.2%)and leaf area index(6.8%).The rate of net photosynthesis appeared to be more susceptible to changes in soil water in trees subjected to the TFR than in the *** TFR-treated trees allocated significantly more photosynthates to belowground,leading to enhanced growth and nonstructural carbohydrates(NSC)storage in *** 7-year continuous TFR treatment increased the biomass,the production and the NSC concentration in the fine roots by 53.6%,153.6%and 9.6%,*** were clear trade-offs between the aboveground growth and the fine root biomass and NSC storage in *** *** trees in response to the multi-year TFR treatment.A negative correlation between the fine root NSC concentration and soil water suggested a strategy of preferential C storage over growth when soil water became deficient;the stored NSC during water limitation would then help promote root growth when drought stress is *** findings demonstrate the warm-temperate oak forest adopted a more conservative NSC use strategy in response to long-term drought stress,with enhanced root growth and NSC storage at the exp

关键词： Climate change Carbon allocation Drought stress Forest ecophysiology Nonstructural carbohydrates Warm-temperate forests

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Community structure and elevational diversity patterns of soil Acidobacteria

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第8期26卷 1717-1724页

作者： Yuguang Zhang Jing Cong Hui Lu Guangliang Li Yuanyuan Qu Xiujiang Su Jizhong Zhou Diqiang Li Institute of Forestry Ecology Environment and ProtectionKey Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of State Forestry AdministrationChinese Academy of Forestry School of Mineral Processing and Bioengineering Central South University Institute for Environmental Genomics Department of Botany and MicrobiologyUniversity of Oklahoma Hunan Baiyunshan national nature reserve

Acidobacteria is one of the most dominant and abundant phyla in soil,and was believed to have a wide range of metabolic and genetic functions. Relatively little is known about its community structure and elevational diversity patterns. We selected four elevation gradients from 1000 to 2800 m with typical vegetation types of the northern slope of Shennongjia Mountain in central China. The vegetation types were evergreen broadleaved forest,deciduous broadleaved forest,coniferous forest and sub-alpine shrubs. We analyzed the soil acidobacterial community composition,elevational patterns and the relationship between Acidobacteria subdivisions and soil enzyme activities by using the 16 S rRNA meta-sequencing technique and multivariate statistical analysis. The result found that 19 known subdivisions as well as an unclassified phylotype were presented in these forest sites,and Subdivision 6 has the highest number of detectable operational taxonomic units（OTUs）. A significant single peak distribution pattern（P 〈 0.05） between the OTU number and the elevation was observed. The Jaccard and Bray–Curtis index analysis showed that the soil Acidobacteria compositional similarity significantly decreased（P 〈 0.01） with the increase in elevation distance. Mantel test analysis showed the most of the soil Acidobacteria subdivisions had the significant relationship（P 〈 0.01） with different soil enzymes. Therefore,soil Acidobacteria may be involved in different ecosystem functions in global elemental cycles. Partial Mantel tests and CCA analysis showed that soil pH,soil temperature and plant diversity may be the key factors in shaping the soil Acidobacterial community structure.

关键词： Elevational pattern Potential metabolic activity Acidobacterial subdivision Soil pH Driving factor Environmental change

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