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Analysis on Demonstration Application of Silicon Fertilizer in Field Cultivation of Rice

Agricultural Biotechnology 2024年第1期13卷 24-27页

作者： Fan YANG Lingyun DAI yandu grain and oil crops technical guidance station Yancheng CityJiangsu ProvinceYancheng 224000China yandu Agricultural Science Research Institute Yancheng CityYancheng 224055China

[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the scientific application of silicon fertilizer in rice cultivation,one of the staple crops.[Methods]In 2022,yandu District carried out a special experiment and field demonstration study on the effects of foliar application of Zhengda water-soluble silicon fertilizer on rice production.[Results]The preliminary results showed that①Zhengda water-soluble silicon fertilizer could effectively improve the growth and development of rice and improve the population *** peak number of tillers,productive tiller percentage,number of effective panicles and number of effective grains per panicle increased by 6.7%,5.8%,5.5%,and 1.2%,respectively.②The yield and processing quality were *** applying silicon fertilizer,the yield per unit area increased by about 6.8%,and the unpolished rice yield,milled rice yield and head rice yield increased by 0.7%,1.94%and 2.15%respectively.[Conclusions]The demonstration application of silicon fertilizer in field cultivation of rice in yandu District further proves previous research conclusions and has important practical significance.

关键词： Rice Silicon fertilizer Foliar application Effect

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Effects of a controlled-release fertilizer on yield, nutrient uptake, and fertilizer usage efficiency in early ripening rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2016年第10期17卷 775-786页

作者： Chang TIAN Xuan ZHOU Qiang LIU Jian-wei PENG Wen-ming WANG Zhen-hua ZHANG Yong YANG Hai-xing SONG Chun-yun GUAN College of Resources and Environment Hunan Agricultural University/Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use / Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition in Common University/National Engineering Laboratory of College of Resources and EnvironmentSouthern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China College of Environmental Science and Resources Zhejiang University National Center of oilseed crops Improvement Hunan Branch

Background： Nitrogen（N）, phosphorous（P）, and potassium（K） are critical nutrient elements necessary for crop plant growth and development. However, excessive inputs will lead to inefficient usage and cause excessive nutrient losses in the field environment, and also adversely affect the soil, water and air quality, human health, and biodiversity. Methods： Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of controlled-release fertilizer（CRF） on seed yield, plant growth, nutrient uptake, and fertilizer usage efficiency for early ripening rapeseed（Xiangzayou 1613） in the red-yellow soil of southern China during 2011–2013. It was grown using a soluble fertilizer（SF） and the same amounts of CRF, such as SF1/CRF1（3750 kg/hm^2）, SF2/CRF2（3000 kg/hm^2）, SF3/CRF3（2250 kg/hm^2）, SF4/CRF4（1500 kg/hm^2）, SF5/CRF5（750 kg/hm^2）, and also using no fertilizer（CK）. Results： CRF gave higher seed yields than SF in both seasons by 14.51%. CRF4 and SF3 in each group achieved maximum seed yield（2066.97 and 1844.50 kg/hm^2, respectively）, followed by CRF3（1929.97 kg/hm^2） and SF4（1839.40 kg/hm^2）. There were no significant differences in seed yield among CK, SF1, and CRF1（P0.05）. CRF4 had the highest profit（7126.4 CNY/hm2） and showed an increase of 12.37% in seed yield, and it decreased by 11.01% in unit fertilizer rate compared with SF4. The branch number, pod number, and dry matter weight compared with SF increased significantly under the fertilization of CRF（P0.05）. The pod number per plant was the major contributor to seed yield. On the other hand, the N, P, and K uptakes increased at first and then decreased with increasing the fertilizer rate at maturity, and the N, P, and K usage efficiency decreased with increasing the fertilizer rate. The N, P, and K uptakes and usage efficiencies of the CRF were significantly higher than those of SF（P0.05）. The N accumulation and N usage efficiency of CRF increased by an average of 13.66% and 9.74 percentage points, respectively, compared to

关键词： Early ripening rapeseed Controlled-release fertilizer Yield Nutrient uptake Fertilizer usage efficiency

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Responses of Seed Yield and Economic Benefit of Winter oilseed Rape(Brassica napus L.) to Different NPK Ratio and Dose

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2015年第11期16卷 2361-2366页

作者： Yingzi WANG Chang TIAN Xuan ZHOU Wenming WANG Jianwei PENG Zhenhua ZHANG Haixing SONG Chunyun GUAN College of Resources and Environment Hunan Agricultural University Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition in Common University & National Engineering Laboratory of College of Resources and Environment College of Horticulture and Landscape Hunan Agricultural University College of Environmental Science and Resources Zhejiang University Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for grain and oil crops in China Hunan Branch National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement

Field experiments were conducted during 2008-2010 to investigate the ef- fects of NPK fertilization on seed yield and economic benefit of a new hybrid cultivar of winter oilseed rape （Brassica napus L.） - Xiangzayou763, and to determine the optimum NPK ratio and dose in Hunan, China. The results showed that NPK ratio （1：0.50：0.50） with 180 kg/hm2 N, 90 kg/hm2 P2O5 and 90 kg/hm2 K20 was the optimum combination for the highest seed yield （2 231.13 kg/hm2） and economic benefit （9 816.97 Yuan/hm2）, of which 1 641.23 Yuan/hm2 being set for fertilizer in- vestment （VCR=4.11）. Besides, the effects of N, P and K fertilizers on seed yield and oil production of winter oilseed rape were not identical. N had the greatest ef- fect on plant growth of winter oilseed rape, followed by P and K. Total leaf number, green leaf number, leaf length and width, rhizome diameter, branch number, dry weight per plant and other agronomic characters in high N treatments were higher than those in low N treatments. By correlation and path analysis of yield components, the contribution rate to seed yield was found： effective silique number per plant〉seed number per silique〉l 000-seed weight.

关键词： NPK ratio anddose Seed yield Economic benefit Winter oilseed rape

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Impact of mycotoxins and their metabolites associated with food grains

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grain & oil Science and Technology 2023年第1期6卷 1-9页

作者： Chennappa Gurikar D.P.Shivaprasad Luis Sabillón N.A.Nanje Gowda Kaliramesh Siliveru Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences BangaloreIndia Department of grain Science and Industry Kansas State UniversityManhattanKSUSA Department of Family and Consumer Sciences New Mexico State UniversityLas CrusesNMUSA

Mycotoxins are secondary toxic metabolites synthesized by numerous filamentous fungi including members of the genus Fusarium,Penicillium,Drechslera,Aspergillus,Claviceps,Monascum,Alternaria,Cephalosporium,Nigrospora,and *** them,Aspergillus and Fusarium species are major plant pathogens recognized to induce infection and produce mycotoxins in food *** than 400 mycotoxins have been documented and among them,aflatoxin,fumonisins,trichothecenes,zearalenone,ochratoxin A,citrinin,ergot alkaloids,and patulin are the most prominent compounds linked to a variety of human and animal health *** Fusarium and Aspergillus belong to a saprophytic group,which can infect and contaminate many crops at pre and post-harvest *** can have a variety of negative effects on health in both humans and *** and their metabolites can cause severe acute poisoning,which can result in death,as well as long-term negative health effects,such as cancer and immune-suppressive disorders in living beings(animals and humans).Mycotoxin contamination of agricultural goods has gained global significance,due to its toxic effects on living beings,as well as its importance to international *** objective is to provide a consolidated information on the potential mycotixs in food grains and their significant impact on the health of the human beings.

关键词： Mycotoxins Aspergillus Fusarium Penicillium Carcinogen Contamination Aflatoxins Fumonisins

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