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Red algal evidence for a marine regression during closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean in the Junggar Basin and its linkage to hydrocarbon generation

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Science china Earth Sciences 2024年第9期67卷 2845-2863页

作者： Ruijie ZHANG Jian CAO Lizeng BIAN Wenxuan HU Liuwen XIA Bin ZHANG Yong TANG Wenjun HE School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing University Petrochina xinjiang oilfield company

The closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean was a significant geological event in northern Pangea during the Carboniferous-Permian. It had a significant effect on climate, biota, and environmental conditions of the Late Paleozoic Ice Age, and resulted in the development of vast energy resources. This paper reports on the first discovery of marine red algal fossils in the Junggar Basin and its linkage to hydrocarbon generation. Red algae occur mainly in the Fengcheng Formation（ca. 300 Ma） and provide direct fossil evidence for closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean. The red algal fossils contain well-preserved reproductive organs, such as cystocarps and carpospores. High concentrations of C27steranes(C27regular steranes/sum of C27–C29regular steranes×100=14.30%–21.30%) and the marine biomarker 24-n-propylcholesterane(C30diasterane [βα20S]/sum of C27–C30diasteranes [βα20S]×100=1.15%–1.85%) were detected in the red-algae-bearing hydrocarbon source rocks. Thermal experiments that simulate hydrocarbon generation show that the oil generation potential of the red-algae-bearing source rocks is363.71 mg g–1total organic C. This result, combined with oil-source rock correlations, indicates these rocks contributed to the formation of oil and gas resources, particularly in the marginal areas of the depression. The lake basin inherited the water and biological conditions of the Paleo-Asian Ocean during a marine regression, which was an important factor in the development of these high-quality hydrocarbon source rocks in an alkaline saline lake. The results advance our understanding of the evolution of the Paleo-Asian Ocean, interactions between the ocean and a lake during the deposition of terrestrial hydrocarbon source rocks,and whether red algae can effectively generate hydrocarbons.

关键词： Biotic precursor 24-n-propylcholesterane Regressive lake basin Fengcheng Formation Junggar Basin

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Fluid identification and tight oil layer classification for the southwestern Mahu Sag,Junggar Basin using NMR logging-based spectrum decomposition

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第2期5卷 62-69页

作者： Wenbiao Huang Yibing Guo Jun Qin Zhongchen Ba Zongbin Zhang Luning Bai Heng Li School of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(East China)QingdaoShandong266580China Petrochina xinjiang oilfield company KaramayXinjiang834000China

The intricate distribution of oil and water in tight rocks makes pinpointing oil layers *** conventional identification methods offer potential solutions,their limited accuracy precludes them from being effective in their applications to unconventional *** study employed nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectrum decomposition to dissect the NMR T_(2)spectrum into multiple ***,it employed laboratory NMR experiments to ascertain the fluid properties of these sub-spectra,aiming to enhance identification *** findings indicate that fluids of distinct properties overlap in the T_(2)spectra,with bound water,movable water,bound oil,and movable oil appearing sequentially from the low-value zone to the high-value ***,an oil layer classification scheme was proposed,which considers the physical properties of reservoirs,oil-bearing capacity,and the characteristics of both mobility and the oil-water two-phase *** applied to tight oil layer identification,the scheme's outcomes align closely with actual test results.A horizontal well,deployed based on these findings,has produced high-yield industrial oil flow,underscoring the precision and dependability of this new approach.

关键词： Nuclear magnetic resonance Fluid identification Oil layer identification NMR T_(2)spectrum decomposition Normal distribution simulation

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A novel profile modification HPF-Co gel satisfied with fractured low permeability reservoirs in high temperature and high salinity

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petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 683-693页

作者： Ya-Kai Li Ji-Rui Hou Wei-Peng Wu Ming Qu Tuo Liang Wei-Xin Zhong Yu-Chen Wen Hai-Tong Sun Yi-Nuo Pan china University of petroleum Beijing Beijing102249China Petrochina Tarim oilfield company Korla 841000XinjiangChina Key Laboratory of Improving Oil and Gas Recovery of Ministry of Education Northeast petroleum University Daqing 163318HeilongjiangChina Xi'an Shiyou University Xi'an 710065ShaanxiChina Northwest oilfield company SINOPECUrumqi 830011XinjiangChina

Conformance control and water plugging are a widely used EOR method in mature ***,majority of conformance control and water plugging agents are unavoidable dehydrated situation in high-temperature and high-salinity low permeability ***,a novel conformance control system HPF-Co gel,based on high-temperature stabilizer(CoCl_(2)·H_(2)O,CCH)is *** HPF-Co bulk gel has better performances with high temperature(120℃)and high salinity(1×10^(5)mg/L).According to Sydansk coding system,the gel strength of HPF-Co with CCH is increased to code *** dehydration rate of HPF-Co gel is 32.0%after aging for 150 d at 120℃,showing excellent thermal *** rheological properties of HPF gel and HPF-Co gel are also *** results show that the storage modulus(G′)of HPF-Co gel is always greater than that of HPF *** effect of CCH on the microstructure of the gel is *** results show that the HPF-Co gel with CCH has a denser gel network,and the diameter of the three-dimensional network skeleton is 1.5-3.5μ*** 90 d of aging,HPF-Co gel still has a good three-dimensional *** spectroscopy results show that CCH forms coordination bonds with N and O atoms in the gel amide group,which can suppress the vibration of cross-linked sites and improve the stability at high *** core plugging test determines the optimized polymer gel injection strategy and injection velocity with HPF-Co bulk gel system,plugging rate exceeding 98%.Moreover,the results of subsequent waterflooding recovery can be improved by 17%.

关键词： Low permeability reservoir High-temperature resistant gel Complexation reaction Polymer gel injection strategy Plugging rate Enhanced oil recovery

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Simulation study on cuttings transport of the backreaming operation for long horizontal section wells

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petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 1149-1170页

作者： Yu-Fei Chen Hui Zhang Wen-Xin Wu Jun Li Yong Ouyang Zong-Yu Lu De-Xin Ma Yong-Chuan Wu Jun-Bo Liu Ke-Rou Liu Zhuo-Xin Dong china University of petroleum(Beijing) Beijing102249China Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai Experimental and Practical Education Innovation CenterZhuhai519087GuangdongChina Oil&Gas Technology Research Institute of Petrochina Changqing oilfield company Xi'an710016ShaanxiChina Petrochina xinjiang oilfield company Karamay834002XinjiangChina china oilfield Services Ltd. Tianjin300459China

The backreaming operation plays a significant role in safe drilling for horizontal wellbores, while it may cause severe stuck pipe accidents. To lower the risk of the stuck pipe in backreaming operations, the mechanism of cuttings transport needs to be carefully investigated. In this research, a transient cuttings transport with multiple flow patterns model is developed to predict the evolution of cuttings transported in the annulus while backreaming. The established model can provide predictions of the distribution of cuttings bed along the wellbore considering the bulldozer effect caused by large-size drilling tools(LSDTs). The sensitivity analyses of the size of LSDTs, and backreaming operating parameters are conducted in Section 4. And a new theory is proposed to explain the mechanism of cuttings transport in the backreaming operation, in which both the bit and LSDTs have the “cleaning effect” and “plugging effect”.The results demonstrate that the cuttings bed in annuli is in a state of dynamic equilibrium, but the overall trend and the distribution pattern are obvious. First, larger diameters and longer drilling tools could lead to a higher risk of the stuck pipe. Second, we find that it is not the case that the higher flow rate is always better for hole cleaning, so three flow-rate intervals are discussed separately under the given conditions. When the “dangerous flow rate”(35 L/s in Case 4),the higher the flow rate, the better the cleaning effect of cuttings beds. Third, an interval of tripping velocity called “dangerous velocity” is proposed, in which the cuttings bed accumulation near the LSDTs is more serious than

关键词： Backreaming Stuck pipe Hole cleaning Transient solid transport Multiple flow patterns

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Acid-rock reaction kinetics in a two-scale model based on reaction order correction

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petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 2089-2101页

作者： Xue-Song Li Ning Qi Ze-Hui Zhang Lian Liu Xia-Qing Li Xu-Hang Su School of petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580ShandongChina Key Lab of Unconventional Oil&Gas Development Ministry of EducationChina University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao26650ShandongChina SINOPEC Northwest oilfield Branch company Urumqi830011XinjiangChina petroleum Engineering Technology Research Institute SINOPEC Shengli Oilfield CompanyDongying257000ShandongChina

The reaction order plays a crucial role in evaluating the response rate of ***,the conventional two-scale model typically assumes that the reaction order is constant as one,which can lead to significant deviations from *** address this issue,this study proposes a novel multi-order dynamic model for acid-rock reaction by combining rotating disk experimental data with theoretical *** numerical simulations,this model allows for the investigation of the impact of acidification conditions on different orders of reaction,thereby providing valuable insights for on-site *** analysis reveals that higher response orders require higher optimal acid liquid flow rates,and lower optimal H+diffusion coefficients,and demonstrate no significant correlation with acid ***,it is recommended to increase the displacement and use high-viscosity acid for reservoirs with high calcite content,while reducing the displacement and using low-viscosity acid for reservoirs with high dolomite content.

关键词： Reaction order Two-scale model Wormhole propagation Carbonate rocks Numerical simulation

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Molecular Dynamics-Based Simulation of Polyethylene Pipe Degradation in High Temperature and High Pressure Conditions

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第9期20卷 2139-2161页

作者： Guowei Feng Qing Li Yang Wang Nan Lin Sixi Zha Hang Dong Ping Chen Minjun Zheng School of Mechanical Engineering Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi830046China xinjiang Yian Special Inspection Engineering company Limited Urumqi830063China xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Inspection Institute of Special Equipment Urumqi830000China Pressure Pipe Department China Special Equipment Inspection and Research InstituteBeijing100013China Tarim oilfield Branch company Korla841000China Yimai Cai Oil and Gas Management Area Tarim Oilfield Branch OfficeKorla841000China

High-density polyethylene(HDPE)pipes have gradually become the first choice for gas networks because of their excellent *** the use of pipes increases,there will unavoidably be a significant amount of waste generated when the pipes cease their operation life,which,if improperly handled,might result in major environmental contamination *** this study,the thermal degradation of polyethylene materials is simulated for different pressures(10,50,100,and 150 MPa)and temperatures(2300,2500,2700,and 2900 K)in the framework of Reactive Force Field(ReaxFF)molecular dynamics *** main gas products,density,energy,and the mean square displacement with temperature and pressure are also *** findings indicate that raising the temperature leads to an increase in the production of gas products,while changing the pressure has an impact on the direction in which the products are generated;the faster the temperature drops,the less dense the air;both temperature and pressure increase impact the system’s energy conversion or distribution mechanism,changing the system’s potential energy as well as its total energy;the rate at which molecules diffuse increases with temperature,and decreases with *** results of this investigation provide a theoretical basis for the development of the pyrolytic treatment of polyethylene waste materials.

关键词： ReaxFF MD high-density polyethylene degradation temperature pressure

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Micromechanism and mathematical model of stress sensitivity in tight reservoirs of binary granular medium

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petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1780-1795页

作者： Jian-Bang Wu Sheng-Lai Yang Qiang Li Kun Yang Can Huang Dao-Ping Lv Wei Zhou State Key Laboratory of petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing2249China Laboratoire de G eologie Ecole Normale Sup erieure/CNRS UMR8538PSL Research UniversityParis75005France Research Institute of Exploration and Development Xinjiang Oilfield CompanyKaramay834000XinjiangChina

Research on reservoir rock stress sensitivity has traditionally focused on unary granular structures,neglecting the binary nature of real reservoirs,especially tight *** the stresssensitive behavior and mathematical characterization of binary granular media remains a challenging *** this study,we conducted online-NMR experiments to investigate the permeability and porosity evolution as well as stress-sensitive control mechanisms in tight sandy conglomerate *** results revealed stress sensitivity coefficients between 0.042 and 0.098 and permeability damage rates ranging from 65.6%to 90.9%,with an average pore compression coefficient of 0.0168—0.0208 MPa ***-scale compression occurred in three stages:filling,compression,and compaction,with matrix pores playing a dominant role in pore *** stress sensitivity of binary granular media was found to be influenced by the support structure and particle *** stress sensitivity was associated with small fine particle size,high fines content,high uniformity coefficient of particle size,high plastic deformation,and low Young's ***-supported samples exhibited a high irreversible permeability damage rate(average=74.2%)and stress sensitivity coefficients(average=0.089),with pore spaces more *** contrast,grain-supported samples showed low stress sensitivity coefficients(average=0.021)at high stress *** on the experiments,we developed a mathematical model for stress sensitivity in binary granular media,considering binary granular properties and nested interactions using Hertz contact deformation and Poiseuille *** describing the change in activity content of fines under stress,we characterized the non-stationary state of compressive deformation in the binary granular structure and classified the reservoir into three *** model was applied for production prediction using actual data from the Mahu reservoir in china,showing that the e

关键词： Stress sensitivity Binary granular medium Tight reservoir Online-NMR Reservoir energy retention rate

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Reservoir characteristics and controlling factor of tight sandstone in Shuixigou Group in Taibei depression,Turpan-Hami basin

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第2期5卷 70-80页

作者： Tong Lin Xuan Chen Fan Yang Hongguang Gou Mingyu Liu Runze Yang Petrochina Research Institute of petroleum Exploration&Development Beijing100083China Research Institute of Exploration&Development PetroChina Tuha Oilfield Company HamiXinjiang839009China china University of Geosciences(Beijing) Beijing100083China

The positive structure belts surrounding the Taibei Sag,Turpan-Hami Basin,have been the main targets for oil and gas exploration for years and are now left with remaining resources scattering in reservoirs adjacent to source rocks in the sag,where the Shuixigou Group with substantial oil and gas potential constitutes the primary focus for near-source ***,characterization of development and key controlling factors of reservoir space becomes a must for future exploration in the *** study investigates the development traits,genesis,and controlling factors of the Xishanyao and Sangonghe formations in the Shengbei and Qiudong Sub-sags of the Taibei Sag with techniques such as cast thin-section observation,porosity and permeability tests,high-pressure mercury injection,and saturation fluid NMR analysis of reservoir *** findings reveal that the Shuixigou Group in the Taibei Sag consists of lithic *** in the group are mostly poor in terms of physical properties,with undeveloped primary pores dominated by intergranular dissolved pores as a result of a strong *** analysis of key controlling factors of the Sangonghe Formation reveals significant distinctions in sandstone particle size,sand body thickness,genesis and distribution,provenance location,and source rock type between the Qiudong area and Shengbei ***,the coal seams of the Xishanyao Formation exhibit heightened development with shallower burial depth and lower maturity compared to those of the Sangonghe ***,this environment fosters the formation of organic acids,which have a stronger dissolution effect on minerals to develop secondary dissolution pores,and ultimately resulting in better reservoir physical ***,the reservoirs within the Qiudong area of the Taibei Sag demonstrate superior characteristics compared to those in the Shengbei ***,the reservoir physical properties of the Xishanyao For

关键词： Intergranular dissolved pore Organic acid dissolution Secondary dissolution pore Tight sandstone Shuixigou group Turpan-Hami basin

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An Integrated Optimization Method for CO_(2) Pre-Injection during Hydraulic Fracturing in Heavy Oil Reservoirs

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第9期20卷 1971-1991页

作者： Hong Dong Xiding Gao Xinqi Zhang Qian Wang Haipeng Xu Binrui Wang Chengguo Gao Kaiwen Luo Hengyi Jiang Petrochina xinjiang oilfield company Karamay834000China National Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China Department of Modern Mechanics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China

CO_(2) pre-injection during hydraulic fracturing is an important method for the development of medium to deep heavy oil *** reduces the interfacial tension and viscosity of crude oil,enhances its flowability,maintains reservoir pressure,and increases reservoir drainage *** the Badaowan Formation as an example,in this study a detailed three-dimensional geomechanical model based on static data from well logging interpretations is elaborated,which can take into account both vertical and horizontal geological variations and mechanical characteristics.A comprehensive analysis of the impact of key construction parameters on Pre-CO_(2) based fracturing(such as cluster spacing and injection volume),is therefore ***,using optimized construction parameters,a non-structured grid for dynamic development prediction is introduced,and the capacity variations of different production scenarios are *** the basis of the simulation results,reasonable fracturing parameters are finally determined,including cluster spacing,fracturing fluid volume,proppant concentration,and well spacing.

关键词： Heavy oil reservoir pre-storage CO_(2)energy fracturing horizontal well fracturing parameters numerical simulation

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Research on a TOPSIS energy efficiency evaluation system for crude oil gathering and transportation systems based on a GA-BP neural network

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petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 621-640页

作者： Xue-Qiang Zhang Qing-Lin Cheng Wei Sun Yi Zhao Zhi-Min Li Key Lab of Ministry of Education for Enhancing the Oil and Gas Recovery Ratio Northeast Petroleum UniversityDaqing163318HeilongjiangChina china petroleum Pipeline Material and Equipment Co. LtdLangfang065000HebeiChina Research Institute of petroleum Engineering and Technology Sinopec Northwest Oilfield CompanyUrumqi830011XinjiangChina

As the main link of ground engineering,crude oil gathering and transportation systems require huge energy consumption and complex *** is necessary to establish an energy efficiency evaluation system for crude oil gathering and transportation systems and identify the energy efficiency *** this paper,the energy efficiency evaluation system of the crude oil gathering and transportation system in an oilfield in western china is *** with the big data analysis method,the GA-BP neural network is used to establish the energy efficiency index prediction model for crude oil gathering and transportation *** comprehensive energy consumption,gas consumption,power consumption,energy utilization rate,heat utilization rate,and power utilization rate of crude oil gathering and transportation systems are *** the efficiency and unit consumption index of the crude oil gathering and transportation system,the energy efficiency evaluation system of the crude oil gathering and transportation system is established based on a game theory combined weighting method and TOPSIS evaluation method,and the subjective weight is determined by the triangular fuzzy analytic hierarchy *** entropy weight method determines the objective weight,and the combined weight of game theory combines subjectivity with objectivity to comprehensively evaluate the comprehensive energy efficiency of crude oil gathering and transportation systems and their ***,the weak links in energy utilization are identified,and energy conservation and consumption reduction are *** above research provides technical support for the green,efficient and intelligent development of crude oil gathering and transportation systems.

关键词： Crude oil gathering and transportation system GA-BP neural network Energy efficiency evaluation TOPSIS evaluation method Energy saving and consumption reduction

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