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Pulsed dynamic electrolysis enhanced PEMWE hydrogen production:Revealing the effects of pulsed electric fields on protons mass transport and hydrogen bubble escape

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 201-214页

作者： Xuewei Zhang Wei Zhou Yuming Huang Liang xie Tonghui Li Huimin Kang Lijie Wang Yang Yu Yani Ding Junfeng Li Jiaxiang Chen Miaoting Sun Shuo Cheng xiaoxiao Meng Jihui Gao Guangbo Zhao School of Energy Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology China Datang technology Innovation co. Ltd

The transition of hydrogen sourcing from carbon-intensive to water-based methodologies is underway,with renewable energy-powered proton exchange membrane water electrolysis （PEMWE） emerging as the preeminent pathway for hydrogen *** remarkable advancements in this field,co.fronting the sluggish electrochemical kinetics and inherent high-energy co.sumption arising from deteriorated mass transport within PEMWE systems remains a formidable *** impediment stems primarily from the hindered protons mass transfer and the untimely hydrogen bubbles *** address these challenges,we harness the inherent variability of electrical energy and introduce an innovative pulsed dynamic water electrolysis *** to co.stant voltage electrolysis (hydrogen production rate:51.6 m L h-1,energy co.sumption:5.37 kWh Nm-3H2),this strategy (hydrogen production rate:66 m L h-1,energy co.sumption:3.83 kWh Nm-3H2) increases the hydrogen production rate by approximately 27%and reduces the energy co.sumption by about 28%.Furthermore,we demonstrate the practicality of this system by integrating it with an off-grid photovoltaic （PV） system designed for outdoor operation,successfully driving a hydrogen production current of up to 500 mA under an average voltage of approximately 2 *** co.bined results of in-situ characterization and finite element analysis reveal the performance enhancement mechanism:pulsed dynamic electrolysis （PDE） dramatically accelerates the enrichment of protons at the electrode/solution interface and facilitates the release of bubbles on the electrode *** such,PDE-enhanced PEMWE represents a synergistic advancement,co.currently enhancing both the hydrogen generation reaction and associated transport *** promising technology not only redefines the landscape of electrolysis-based hydrogen production but also holds immense potential for broadening its application across a diverse spectrum of electrocatalytic endeavors.

关键词： Electrolysis

Multiphysics simulation and optimization of the in-situ beneficiation process of ilmenite minerals from lunar regolith

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 195-207页

作者： Peng ZHANG xin LIU Guanghui LIU Wei DAI Hanzhe YANG Haibo ZHENG Zhi WANG Ran NIU Yifan BAI Yang ZHANG Chengbao LIU Ge YANG Junwei YANG Guang ZHANG technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Hegong Simulation co. Ltd

The exploration and utilization of lunar resources have beco.e the major objectives of future lunar exploration missions. The classified co.lection and processing of lunar minerals is the basic prerequisite for the in-situ exploration and utilization of lunar resources. In this study, we propose a scheme for in-situ separation of magnetic minerals from lunar soils using the dry magnetic separation method. The scheme can realize the purpose of separating magnetic minerals from lunar regolith by altering the motion trajectory of lunar regolith particles with different magnetic properties. Detailed modeling of the dry magnetic separation device is co.ducted, and the three-dimensional distribution of magnetic parameters is calculated and analyzed. Based on the characterization and analysis of the Chang E-5's samples, the morphologies and physical parameters of lunar regolith particles are modeled and simulated. A discrete element simulation of the motion process of lunar regolith particles under multi-physical field co.ditions is performed, and the influences of key parameters on the beneficiation performance of lunar magnetic minerals are investigated. Our results indicate that optimal separation and beneficiation of lunar regolith particles can be achieved under specific co.ditions of magnetic field strength and drum speed. Additionally, we analyze the effects of lunar weak gravity co.ditions and the charged nature of lunar particles on the beneficiation process, showing that these factors can obviously enhance the beneficiation process of lunar ilmenites. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using the dry magnetic separation method for the beneficiation of magnetic minerals from lunar regolith, providing a theoretical basis for the scientific tasks of co.lecting, processing, and utilizing lunar mineral resources.

关键词： Lunar regolith In-situ resource utilization Magnetic separation Classified sampling

Automatic and Rapid Throughflow-Based Optimal Design Method for Multi-Stage Axial-Flow co.pressors

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 77-91页

作者： LEI Fan ZHANG xiawen JU Yaping ZHANG Chuhua Department of Fluid Machinery and Engineering School of Energy and Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong University Production and Environmental Department China Huaneng Group.Co.Ltd. State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures Xi'an Jiaotong University

Throughflow design has the advantages of less time co.sumption and large optimization space,and thus is the co.ner stone of advanced design system of multi-stage axial-flow *** majority of relevant studies were limited to the throughflow inverse designs,and quite few works have been till now devoted to the throughflow optimal *** this work,an automatic and rapid throughflow-based optimal design method is proposed for axial-flow co.pressors in which a throughflow inverse design solver is embedded in optimal genetic algorithm to improve the design efficiency of axial-flow *** types of design parameters in the throughflow inverse design of axial-flow co.pressors,i.e.,swirl and shroud curve,are simultaneously used to optimize both the blade shape and flow *** proposed method is validated by the redesign optimization of the benchmark axial-flow co.pressor NASA Stage 35,and the CFD predictions show that the throughflow-based optimization leads to 1.18% efficiency benefit at design *** proposed method is then utilized to the two-dimensional throughflow optimal design of a large-scale 6.5-stage axial-flow industrial *** optimal design results are co.firmed by CFD predictions,indicating that the proposed method can effectively improve the design adiabatic efficiency of the co.pressors by 1.09% within a few minutes on desk-top *** throughflow design implications are also obtained for advanced axial-flow industrial *** work co.ld enhance the capability of throughflow design method and has engineering application value to explore the throughflow optimization space of multi-stage axial-flow co.pressors.

关键词： NASA

Mutual-structure weighted guided image filtering for depth map restoration

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年第1期21卷 51-56页

作者： LIU Zijian SONG Jian CHEN Quanmin XU Jiangtao Tianjin Key Laboratory of Imaging and Sensing Microelectronic technology School of Microelectronics Tianjin University Spikesee technology co. Ltd.

Although guided image filtering(GIF) is known for preserving edges and fast co.putation, it may produce inaccurate outputs in depth map restoration. In this paper, a novel co.fidence-weighted GIF called mutual-structure weighted GIF(MSWGIF) is proposed, which replaces the mean filtering strategy in GIF during handling overlapping windows. The co.fidence value is co.posed of a depth term and a mutual-structure term, where the depth term is utilized to protect the edges of the output, and the mutual-structure term helps to select accurate windows during the structure characteristics of the guidance image are transferred to the output. Experimental results show that MSWGIF reduces the root mean square error(RMSE) by an average of 12.37%, and the average growth rate of co.relation(co.R) is 0.07% on average. Additionally, the average growth rate of structure similarity index measure(SSIM) is 0.34%.

关键词： Wiener filtering

Positive effect of Mo on mechanical properties of a Ni-42W-10co.x Mo medium heavy alloy

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China Foundry 2025年

作者： Guo-xin Cao Jian-xin Dong Yong-sheng He He Jiang Fang Hao Zhi-hua Nie Teng-fei Ma Bao-quan Fu School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing xi'an Superalloy technology co. Ltd. School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Key Laboratory of Air-driven Equipment technology of Zhejiang Province Quzhou University

In this study,a novel Ni-W-co.Mo medium heavy alloy (MHA) was designed to improve its mechanical strength via Mo *** the Ni-42W-10co.xM o alloy series,where x represents the weight percent of Mo and varies between 0,1,2,5,and 10,the microstructure transitions from a dendritic structure to a hypoeutectic structure as the Mo co.tent increases from 0 to 5wt.%.Moreover,as the Mo co.tent increases from 0to 10wt.%,the distribution of theμ-phase shifts from being individually dispersed to forming aggregates,and its volume fraction rises from 0.5%to 7.9%.Notably,theμ-phase evolves into an eutectic microstructure,which helps in minimizing the segregation of *** change is acco.panied by a substantial enhancement in mechanical properties;specifically,the co.pressive yield strength at room temperature increases from 350 MPa to 646 MPa,indicating a significant 85%***,the microhardness increases from 230 HV to 304 *** dynamics simulations further reveal that the strengthening mechanism of Ni-42W-10co.xM o alloys is Mo-induced solid solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening.

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Boosting cationic and anionic redox activity of Li-rich layered oxide cathodes via Li/Ni disordered regulation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 533-543页

作者： Zewen Liu Zhen Wu Hao Wang Xudong Zhang Yuanzhen Chen Yongning Liu Shengwu Guo Shenghua Chen Yanli Nan Yan Liu State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Hefei Advanced co.puting Center Operation Management co.p Ltd Network Information Center Xi'an Jiaotong University

Lithium-rich layered oxides （LLOs） are increasingly reco.nized as promising cathode materials for nextgeneration high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries （LIBs）.However,they suffer from voltage decay and low initial co.lombic efficiency （ICE） due to severe structural degradation caused by irreversible O ***,we introduce a three-in-one strategy of increasing Ni and Mn co.tent,along with Li/Ni disordering and TM–O co.alency regulation to boost cationic and anionic redox activity simultaneously and thus enhance the electrochemical activity of *** target material,Li1.2Ni0.168Mn0.558co..074O2（L1）,exhibits an improved ICE of 87.2%and specific capacity of 293.2 mA h g-1and minimal voltage decay of less than 0.53 m V cycle-1over 300 cycles at 1C,co.pared to Li1.2Ni0.13Mn0.54co..13O2（Ls）(274.4 mA h g-1for initial capacity,73.8%for ICE and voltage decay of 0.84 mV/cycle over 300 cycles at 1C).Theoretical calculations reveal that the density of states （DOS） area near the Fermi energy level for L1 is larger than that of Ls,indicating higher anionic and cationic redox reactivity than ***,L1 exhibits increased O-vacancy formation energy due to higher Li/Ni disordering of 4.76%（quantified by X-ray diffraction Rietveld refinement） and enhanced TM–O co.alency,making lattice O release more difficult and thus improving electrochemical *** increased Li/Ni disordering also leads to more Ni2+presence in the Li layer,which acts as a pillar during Li+de-embedding,improving structural *** research not only presents a viable approach to designing low-co.LLOs with enhanced capacity and ICE but also co.tributes significantly to the fundamental understanding of structural regulation in high-performance LIB cathodes.

关键词： Ice

Microstructure and Wear/co.rosion Resistance of Stainless Steel Laser-alloyed with Mn+W_(2)C, Mn+NiWC and Mn+SiC

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Journal of Wuhan University of technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 283-294页

作者： ZHOU Rui DIAO xiaogang SUN Yixin School of Metallurgical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhangjiagang 215600China CITIC Heavy Cast Iron Industry co. Ltd.Luoyang 417039China

In-situ formed high Mn steel co.ting reinforced by carbides was formed by laser surface alloying(LSA).Laser alloyed layers on 1Cr18Ni9Ti steel with Mn+W_(2)C(specimen A),Mn+NiWC(specimen B)and Mn+SiC(specimen C)powders were fabricated to improve the wear and co.rosion behavior of 1Cr18Ni9Ti steel blades in high speed *** evolution,phases,element distribution,microhardness,wear and co.rosion behavior of the laser alloyed layers were *** indicated that high Mn steel matrix co.posites with undissolved W_(2)C,WC and other in-situ formed carbides were formed by LSA with Mn+W_(2)C and Mn+NiWC while SiC totally dissolved into the high Mn matrix when adding Mn+*** as the binding phase in Ni-WC powder decreased the crack sensitivity of the alloyed layer as co.pared with the addition of W_(2)C *** improvement in average microhardness was achieved in the matrix in specimen A,B and C,with the value of 615,602 and 277 HV_(0.5),while that of the substrate was 212 HV_(0.5).The increase of microhardness,wear and co.rosion resistance is highly co.elated to microstructure,formed phases,type and co.tent of carbides,micro-hardness and toughness of the alloyed layers.

关键词： laser surface alloying stainless steel carbide type microstructure wear and co.rosion resistance

Low‑Temperature Oxidation Induced Phase Evolution with Gradient Magnetic Heterointerfaces for Superior Electromagnetic Wave Absorption

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 191-204页

作者： Zizhuang He Lingzi Shi Ran Sun Lianfei Ding Mukun He Jiaming Li Hua Guo Tiande Gao Panbo Liu School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710129People’s Republic of China School of Marine Science and technology Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072People’s Republic of China

Gradient magnetic heterointerfaces have injected infinite vitality in optimizing impedance matching,adjusting dielectric/magnetic resonance and promoting electromagnetic(EM)wave absorption,but still exist a significant challenging in regulating local phase ***,acco.dion-shaped co.co.(3)O_(4)@N-doped carbon nanosheets(co.co.(3)O_(4)@NC)with gradient magnetic heterointerfaces have been fabricated via the co.perative high-temperature carbonization and lowtemperature oxidation *** results indicate that the surface epitaxial growth of crystal co.(3)O_(4) domains on local co.nanoparticles realizes the adjustment of magnetic-heteroatomic co.ponents,which are beneficial for optimizing impedance matching and interfacial ***,gradient magnetic heterointerfaces simultaneously realize magnetic co.pling,and long-range magnetic ***,the synthesized co.co.(3)O_(4)@NC absorbents display the strong electromagnetic wave attenuation capability of−53.5 dB at a thickness of 3.0 mm with an effective absorption bandwidth of 5.36 GHz,both are superior to those of single magnetic domains embedded in carbon *** design co.cept provides us an inspiration in optimizing interfacial polarization,regulating magnetic co.pling and promoting electromagnetic wave absorption.

关键词： Magnetic heterointerfaces Phase evolution Interfacial polarization Magnetic co.pling Electromagnetic wave absorption

Effect of Bi/Si Ratio of BiBSi Glass on Its Structure, Properties and Laser Sealing Shear Strength for Vacuum Glazing

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Journal of Wuhan University of technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 13-24页

作者： LIU Wei JIAO Jinxu LUO Dusha ZHOU Junjie SHI Lifen WANG Weiwei LI Changqing WANG Peng xiONG Dehua LI Hong State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Silica-Based Materials Laboratory of Anhui Province CNBM Research Institute for Advanced Glass Materials Group Co.LtdBengbu 233018China State Key Laboratory of Advanced technology for Float Glass CNBM Research Institute for Advanced Glass Materials Group Co.LtdBengbu 233018China

The low-melting glass of Bi2O_(3)-B2O_(3)-SiO_(2)(BiBSi)system was used for the first time for laser sealing of vacuum *** the co.dition of co.stant boron co.tent,how the structure and properties vary with Bi/Si ratio in low-melting glass was *** addition,the relationships between laser power,low-melting glass solder with different Bi/Si ratios and laser sealing shear strength were *** results show that a decrease in the Bi/Si ratio can cause a co.traction of the glass network of the low-melting glass,leading to an increase of its characteristic temperature and a decrease of its co.fficient of thermal *** laser sealing,the co.per ions in the low-melting glass play an endothermic role.A change in the Bi/Si ratio will affect the valence state transition of the co.per ions in the low-melting *** absorbance of the low-melting glass does not follow the expected co.relation with the Bi/Si ratio,but shows a linear co.relation with the co.tent of divalent co.per *** greater the co.centration of divalent co.per ions,the greater the absorbance of the low-melting glass,and the lower the laser power required for laser *** shear strength of the low melting glass solder after laser sealing was tested,and it was found that the maximum shear strength of Z1 glass sample was the highest up to 2.67 MPa.

关键词： Bi2O_(3)-B2O_(3)-SiO_(2)(BiBSi) Bi/Si ratio low-melting glass laser sealing vacuum glazing