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Studying the variable energy band structure for energy storage materials in charge/discharge process

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第2期35卷 584-589页

作者： Xuancheng Chen Yu Huan Ningqiang Sun Yuanhui Su Xuesong Shen Guoqing Li Jiaqi Zhang Tao Wei University of Jinan Ji'nan 250022China Weichai power co. Ltd.Weifang 261061China

So far,a clear understanding about the relationship of variable energy band structure with the co.responding charge-discharge process of energy storage materials is still ***,using optical spectrosco.y(red-green-blue(RGB)value,reflectivity,transmittance,UV-vis,XPS,UPS)to studyα-co.OH)_(2) electrode working in KOH electrolyte as the research object,we provide direct experimental evidence that:(1)The intercalation of OH-ions will reduce the valence/co.duction band(VB and CB)and band gap energy(Eg)values;(2)The deintercalation of OH-ions co.responds with the reversion of VB,CB and E_(g) to the initial values;(3)The co.or of co.OH)_(2) electrode also exhibit regular variations in RGB value during the charge-discharge process.

关键词： Variable energy band structure Energy storage materials Charge-discharge process Optical spectrosco.y Supercapacitors

Difference in microstructural characteristics of stamp-charged co.e and gravity-charged co.e with approximate macrosco.ic performance

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第5期31卷 1050-1062页

作者： Chong Zou Zheng-yan Huang Jian-yun Li Bin Li Shi-wei Liu Yuan She School of Metallurgical Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an710311ShaanxiChina Technical Center of Shandong Iron and Steel co. Ltd.(Laiwu Branch)Jinan271104ShandongChina

The microstructural characteristics including optical texture,porosity and pore structure and chemical structure of stamp-charged co.e(SCC)and gravity-charged co.e(GCC)with similar co.ventional macro-indicators were investigated,and the properties including micro-strength,reactivity of co.e matrix and that after alkali enrichment were co.paratively studied by various characterization *** anisotropic structure of SCC is co.posed of high co.tent of fine mosaic texture,while the co.tent of medium mosaic texture,co.rse texture and fibrous texture is *** statistical average shows that the fine mosaic average of SCC(24.89%)is 3.78 times the GCC average(6.58%),and the co.rse mosaic average(1.24%)is only about 1/3 of the GCC average(3.43%).The porosity of SCC is lower than that of GCC,but tamping process does not lead to the fact that the number of closed pores of SCC is significantly lower than that of *** the structure of SCC is co.pact,its pore number is large and the pore wall is *** of co.e with diameter less than 150 nm seem unaffected by tamping *** aromatic structure of SCC was less ordered than that of GCC,which was speculated to be related to the addition of more low metamorphic co.l in *** microsco.ic strength and structural strength of SCC are lower than those of *** reactivity of co.e matrix is affected by the specific surface area,but it is not the determining factor of its *** improvement in dissolution reactivity of co.e after potassium enrichment is independent of co.e type.

关键词： Stamp-charged co.e Optical texture Porosity Microstructure Reactivity

Sandwich-type co.posited solid polymer electrolytes to strengthen the interfacial ionic transportation and bulk co.ductivity for all-solid-state lithium batteries from room temperature to 120℃

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 288-295,I0007页

作者： Jiewen Tan Zhen Wang Jiawu Cui Zhanhui Jia Wensheng Tian Chao Wu Chengxin Peng Chengyong Shu Kang Yang Wei Tang School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049ShaanxiChina Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale(CAMP-Nano) State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049ShaanxiChina State Key Laboratory of Space power-sources Technology Shanghai Institute of Space Power-SourcesShanghai 200245China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Top-Energy Digital Manufacturing Technologies(xi'an)co. Ltd.Xi'an 710100ShaanxiChina

The insurmountable charge transfer impedance at the Li metal/solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs)interface at room temperature as well as the ascending risk of short circuits at the operating temperature higher than the melting point,dominantly limits their applications in solid-state batteries(SSBs).Although the inorganic filler such as CeO_(2)nanoparticle co.tent of co.posite solid polymer electrolytes(CSPEs)can significantly reduce the enormous charge transfer impedance at the Li metal/SPEs interface,we found that the required co.tent of CeO_(2)nanoparticles in SPEs varies for achieving a decent interfacial charge transfer impedance and the bulk ionic co.ductivity in *** this regard,a sandwich-type co.posited solid polymer electrolyte with a 10%CeO_(2)CSPEs interlayer sandwiched between two 50%CeO_(2)CSPEs thin layers(sandwiched CSPEs)is co.structed to simultaneously achieve low charge transfer impedance and superior ionic co.ductivity at 30℃.The sandwiched CSPEs allow for stable cycling of Li plating and stripping for 1000 h with 129 mV polarized voltage at 0.1 mA cm^(-2)and 30℃.In addition,the LiFePO_(4)/Sandwiched CSPEs/Li cell also exhibits exceptional cycle performance at 30℃and even elevated120℃without short *** multi-layered CSPEs with optimized co.tents of the inorganic fillers can be an efficient method for developing all solid-state PEO-based batteries with high performance at a wide range of temperatures.

关键词： PEO-based solid electrolytes CeO_(2)nanoparticles Charge transfer impedance Sandwich-type co.posite electrolytes All-solid-state Li metal batteries

Carbon Emission Factors Prediction of power Grid by Using Graph Attention Network

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Energy Engineering 2024年第7期121卷 1945-1961页

作者： xin Shen Jiahao Li YujunYin Jianlin Tang Weibin Lin Mi Zhou Measurement Center Yunnan Power Grid Co.Ltd.Kunming650000China Electric power Research Institute China Southern Power Grid Co.Ltd.Guangzhou510530China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Measurement and Advanced Metering of power Grid Guangzhou510530China

Advanced carbon emission factors of a power grid can provide users with effective carbon reduction advice,which is of immense importance in mobilizing the entire society to reduce carbon *** method of calculating node carbon emission factors based on the carbon emissions flow theory requires real-time parameters of a power ***,it cannot provide carbon factor information *** address this issue,a prediction model based on the graph attention network is *** model uses a graph structure that is suitable for the topology of the power grid and designs a supervised network using the loads of the grid nodes and the co.responding carbon factor *** network extracts features and transmits information more suitable for the power system and can flexibly adjust the equivalent topology,thereby increasing the diversity of the *** input and output data are simple,without the power grid *** demonstrated its effect by testing IEEE-39 bus and IEEE-118 bus systems with average error rates of 2.46%and 2.51%.

关键词： Predict carbon factors graph attention network prediction algorithm power grid operating parameters

co.position design and performance evaluation of rubber-particle cement-stabilized gravel

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第9期18卷 1466-1477页

作者： Chaohui WANG Ke YI Feng CHEN Luqing LIU xiaolei ZHOU Zhiwei GAO School of Highway Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China Shaanxi Transportation Technology co.sulting co. Ltd.Xi’an 710068China School of Information Engineering Xizang Minzu UniversityXianyang 71208China

To improve the mechanical properties and durability of the cement-stabilized base,rubber particles of three different sizes and with three different co.tents were optimally selected,the evolution laws of the mechanical strength and toughness of rubber-particle cement-stabilized gravel(RCSG)under different schemes were determined,and the optimal particle size and co.tent of rubber particles were *** this basis,the durability of the RCSG base was *** results show that with an increase in the rubber particle size and co.tent,the mechanical strength of RCSG gradually decreased,whereas the toughness and transverse deformation ability gradually increased.1%co.tent and 2–4 mm sized RCSG can better balance the relationship between mechanical strength and *** 7 d unco.fined co.pressive strength was 17.7%higher than that of the 4–8 mm *** 28 d toughness index and ultimate splitting strain can be increased by 9.8%and 6.3 times,respectively,co.pared with ordinary cement-stabilized gravel(CSG).In terms of durability,co.pared with CSG,RCSG showed a 3.7%increase in the water stability property of cement-stabilized base with 1%co.tent and 2–4 mm rubber particles,5.5%increase in the frozen co.fficient,and 80.6%and 37.9%increase in the fatigue life at 0.70 and 0.85 stress ratio levels,respectively.

关键词： pavement materials cement-stabilized gravel rubber particles material co.ponents mechanical property durability performance

Preparation and Swelling Kinetic Analysis of Poly (HPMC-co.AA-co.AM) Super Absorbent Resin

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第3期39卷 790-799页

作者：马砺 WANG xin LIU xixi WEI Gaoming GUO Ying School of Safety Science and Engineering Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyXi'an 710054China Key Laboratory of co.l Fire Disaster Prevention Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyXi'an 710054China School of Energy Engineering Xi’an Uni-versity of Science and TechnologyXi'an 710054China Yanzhou co.l Mining co. Ltd.Zoucheng 237500China

Super absorbent resin(SAR)is prepared by aqueous high temperature polymerization using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose(HPMC)as monomer backbone material,acrylic acid(AA)and acrylamide(AM)as the graft co.olymer monomer,potassium persulfate(KPS)as the initiator to generate free radicals,and N,N`-methylenebisacrylamide(MBA)as cross-linking agent for cross-linking ***,the influence of individual factors on the water absorption is investigated,and these factors are mainly AA,AM,KPS,MBA,HPMC,and reaction *** optimized co.ditions are obtained by the experiment repeating for several *** water absorption multiplicity and salt absorption multiplicity under the co.ditions are 782.4 and 132.5 g/g,***,the effects of different temperatures and salt co.centrations on its water absorption,as well as the swelling kinetics of SAR are *** is indicated the water-absorbing swelling process is mainly caused by the difference in water osmotic pressure and Na+co.centration inside and outside the cross-linked molecular structure of the resin,which is not only co.sistent with the quasi-seco.dary kinetic model,but also with the Fick diffusion model.

关键词： super absorbent resin swelling kinetics water absorption graft co.olymerization hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose

A Simple and Effective Surface Defect Detection Method of power Line Insulators for Difficult Small Objects

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co.puters, Materials & co.tinua 2024年第4期79卷 373-390页

作者： xiao Lu Chengling Jiang Zhoujun Ma Haitao Li Yuexin Liu State Grid Jiangsu Electric power co. Ltd.Nanjing210024China State Grid Changzhou power Supply co.pany Changzhou213003China

Insulator defect detection plays a vital role in maintaining the secure operation of power *** address the issues of the difficulty of detecting small objects and missing objects due to the small scale,variable scale,and fuzzy edge morphology of insulator defects,we co.struct an insulator dataset with 1600 samples co.taining flashovers and *** a simple and effective surface defect detection method of power line insulators for difficult small objects is ***,a high-resolution featuremap is introduced and a small object prediction layer is added so that the model can detect tiny ***,a simplified adaptive spatial feature fusion(SASFF)module is introduced to perform cross-scale spatial fusion to improve adaptability to variable multi-scale ***,we propose an enhanced deformable attention mechanism(EDAM)*** integrating a gating activation function,the model is further inspired to learn a small number of critical sampling points near reference *** the module can improve the perception of object *** experimental results indicate that co.cerning the dataset of flashover and breakage defects,this method improves the performance of YOLOv5,YOLOv7,and *** practical application,it can simply and effectively improve the precision of power line insulator defect detection and reduce missing detection for difficult small objects.

关键词： Insulator defect detection small object power line deformable attention mechanism

Research on co.denser Deterioration Evolution Trend Based on ANP-EWM Fusion Health Degree

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co.puter Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 679-698页

作者： Hong Qian Haixin Wang Guangji Wang Qingyun Yan co.lege of Automation Engineering Shanghai University of Electric PowerShanghai200090China Shanghai Key Laboratory of power Station Automation Technology Shanghai200072China Empower Information Technology(Shanghai)co. Ltd.Shanghai201508China China Nuclear power Engineering Design co. Ltd.Shenzhen518052China

This study presents a proposed method for assessing the co.dition and predicting the future status of co.densers operating in seawater over an extended *** aim is to address the problems of scaling and co.rosion,which lead to increased loss of co.d *** method involves utilising a set of multivariate feature parameters associated with the co.denser as input for evaluation and trend *** methodology offers a precise means of determining the optimal timing for co.denser cleaning,with the ultimate goal of improving its overall *** proposed approach involves the integration of the analytic network process with subjective expert experience and the entropy weightmethod with objective big data analysis to develop a fusion health *** mathematical model is co.structed quantitatively using the improved Mahalanobis ***,a co.prehensive prediction model is developed by integrating the improved Informer model and Markov error *** model takes into acco.nt the health status of the equipment and several influencing factors,includingmultivariate feature *** model facilitates the objective examination and prediction of the progression of equipment deterioration *** present study involves the co.putation and verification of the field time series data,which serves to demonstrate the accuracy of the co.denser health-related models proposed in this *** models effectively depict the real co.dition and temporal variations of the equipment,thus offering a valuable method for determining the precise cleaning time required for the co.denser.

关键词： co.denser health degree improved Mahalanobis distance GC-Informer model Markov error co.rection

Transient Damping of Virtual Synchronous Generator for Enhancing Synchronization Stability during Voltage Dips

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CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems 2024年第2期8卷 143-151页

作者： Shitao Sun Yu Lei Guowen Hao Yi Lu Jindong Liu Zhaoxin Song Jie Zhang North China Electric power Research Institute co. Ltd.Beijing 100045China State Grid xinyuan co. Ltd.Beijing 100761China Hebei Fengning Pumped Storage Energy co.ltd. Chengde 068350China

Virtual synchronous generators(VSGs)are widely introduced to the renewable power generation,the variablespeed pumped storage units,and so on,as a promising gridforming *** is noted that VSGs can provide virtual inertia for frequency support,but the larger inertia would worsen the synchronization stability,referring to keeping synchronization with the grid during voltage ***,this paper presents a transient damping method of VSGs for enhancing the synchronization stability during voltage *** is revealed that the loss of synchronization(LOS)of VSGs always acco.panies with the positive frequency deviation and the damping is the key factor to remove LOS when the equilibrium point *** order to enhance synchronization stability during voltage dips,the transient damping is proposed,which is generated by the frequency deviation in active power ***,the proposed method can realize seamless switching between normal state and grid ***,detailed co.trol design for transient damping gain is given to ensure the synchronization stability under different inertia requirements during voltage ***,the experimental results are presented to validate the analysis and the effectiveness of the improved transient damping method.

关键词： Virtual synchronous generator(VSG) Transient damping Synchronization stability Voltage dips