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Microsatellite variability reveals high genetic diversity and low genetic differentiation in a critical giant panda population

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Current Zoology 2011年第6期57卷 717-724页

作者： Jiandong YANG Zhihe ZHANG Fujun SHEN Xuyu YANG Liang ZHANG Limin CHEN Wenping ZHANG Qing ZHU Rong HOU College of Animal Science Sichuan Agricultural University Ya＇an 625014 China The Key Laboratory for Conservation Biology of Endangered Wildlife Sichuan Province Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding Chengdu 610081 China Wildlife Conservation Division Sichuan Forestry Department Chengdu 610082 China Tangjiahe National nature Reserve Guangyuan 628109 Sichuan China

Understanding present patterns of genetic diversity is critical in order to design effective conservation and manage- ment strategies for endangered species. Tangjiahe nature Reserve （NR） is one of the most important national reserves for giant pandas Ailuropoda melanoleuca in China. Previous studies have shown that giant pandas in Tangjiahe NR may be threatened by population decline and fragmentation. Here we used 10 microsatellite DNA markers to assess the genetic variability in the Tang- jiahe population. The results indicate a low level of genetic differentiation between the Hongshihe and Motianling subpopulations in the reserve. Assignment tests using the Bayesian clustering method in STRUCTURE identified one genetic cluster from 42 in- dividuals of the two subpopulations. All individuals from the same subpopulation were assigned to one cluster. This indicates high gene flow between subpopulations. F statistic analyses revealed a low Fzs-value of 0.024 in the total population and implies a randomly mating population in Tangjiahe NR. Additionally, our data show a high level of genetic diversity for the Tangjiahe population. Mean allele number （A）, Allelic richness （AR） and mean expected heterozygosity （HE） for the Tangjiahe population was 5.9, 5.173 and 0.703, respectively. This wild giant panda population can be restored through concerted effort

关键词： Ailuropoda melanoleuca Microsatellite Genetic diversity Genetic differentiation Tangjiahe nature Reserve

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Biodegraded peat and ultrafine calcium carbonate result in retained metals and higher microbial diversities in boreal acid sulfate soil

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Soil Ecology Letters 2020年第2期2卷 120-130页

作者： Eva Hogfors-Ronnholm Stephan Christel Tom Lillhonga Sten Engblom Peter Osterholm Mark Dopson Research and Development Novia University of Applied SciencesVaasa 65200Finland Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems(EEMiS) Linnaeus UniversityKalmar 39231Sweden Department of Geology and Mineralogy Abo Akademi UniversityTurku 20500Finland

To efficiently mitigate bacterial mediated acid and metal discharge from acid sulfate soils,ironand sulfur-oxidizing microorganisms that catalyze the iron sulfide dissolution should be *** organic carbon source could further be introduced into the soil to promote the growth of iron-and sulfur-reducing *** this study,acid sulfate soil was amended with a mobile form of ultrafine calcium carbonate alone or in combination with fractions of peat,sodium acetate,or sodium *** introduction of ultrafine calcium carbonate resulted in a raised pH that appeared to inactivate the acidophiles,but did not reactivate iron-or sulfurreducing *** addition of organic matter resulted in higher microbial diversities and retention of metals,although acid-tolerant and acidophilic microbes still dominated.A low abundance of an iron-reducing bacteria was identified in the all treatments with both peat fractions and pure organic carbon *** results indicated that biodegraded peat could be used as an energy source for at least iron-reducing bacteria in the acid sulfate soil at the same time as it retains metals in the *** findings are of value for further developing mitigation methods for the sustainable use of acid sulfate soils.

关键词： 16S rRNA gene Microbial community Organic material Mitigation

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Technology for Elderly with Memory Impairment and Wandering Risk

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E-Health Telecommunication Systems and Networks 2013年第1期2卷 13-22页

作者： Sami Perala Kari Makela Anna Salmenaho Rami Latvala South Ostrobothnia Health Care District SeinajokiFinland South Ostrobothnia Health Technology Development Centre SeinajokiFinland Tampere University of Technology SeinajokiFinland

Objective:The main objective of this project was to studyhow to secure the wandering of elderly persons diagnosed with dementia caused by Alzheimer’s disease by using healthcare technologies. Methods:The study was carried out during a three-year period (2008-2011) in the region of South Ostrobothnia, finland. Thirty-two elderly persons living at home and diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease participated in the study. The ages of the intervention group ranged from 66 to 90 years;the average age was 81 years. A total of 63 different home care devices including 24 location based technologies were tested during the *** choice of technology used was based on the individual needs of the elderly person. Results:Participants with mild stage memory impairment were able to use and benefit from the technology installed during the intervention to live more *** most useful devices were those that operated within the home. Nine of ten users of door alarm systems, five of nine users of GPS systems and all users of GSM systems were satisfied with the technologies. Conclusions:Location based alarm and access control technology can have a positive impact on the lives of elderly persons suffering from dementia. When chosen appropriately, technology can help to reduce or eliminate the wandering often associated with *** of the technology used, it should be installed when the elderly person is at the early stages of dementia;at later stages of the disease it is usually impossible for the elderly to adequately adopt the device.

关键词： Healthcare Technology Home Care Gerontechnology Wandering Dementia Alarm Systems

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Cardiac Autonomic Control in Relation to Other Prognostic Markers in Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy

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world Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2015年第5期5卷 107-119页

作者： Satu Karkkainen Ari Puhakka Jan Fedacko Jarkko Magga Kati Miettinen Esko Vanninen Johanna Kuusisto Keijo J. Peuhkurinen Petri O. Tuomainen Department of Internal Medicine Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland Heart Center Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland Center of Preventive and Sports Medicine Safarik University and Pasteur Hospital Kosice Slovakia Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland

Objectives: We set out to study cardiac autonomic tone in patients with idiopathic dilated cardio-myopathy (IDC), and whether it correlates with other established markers of disease progression and patient ultimate outcome. Design: Fifty-one IDC patients in sinus rhythm underwent extensive non-invasive and invasive evaluation during a three-day hospitalization period. The control group consisted of thirty-eight apparently healthy subjects who underwent 24-hour ambulatory ECG recording. Results: Heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate turbulence (HRT) correlated with many previously established prognostic markers of IDC and congestive heart failure, especially measures of cardiorespiratory performance capacity and circulating neurohumoral factors (p < 0.05 for all). Furthermore, attenuated HRV correlated with worse prognosis during a median follow-up of 6.8 years (range 5.1 - 8.1). Additionally, 24-hour time domain, low and high frequency components of frequency domain and non-linear HRV, excluding scaling exponents (α), were lower in IDC patients as compared with controls (p < 0.05 for all);however, HRT was not significantly different. Conclusions: The magnitude of impairment in cardiac autonomic control correlates well with other prognostic markers of IDC, and is associated with unfavorable outcome.

关键词： Heart Rate Variability Heart Rate Turbulence Cardiorespiratory Fitness Vasoactive Peptides Proinflammatory Cytokines

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A New,Well-Preserved Species of Glaresidae (Coleoptera:Scarabaeoidea) from the Jehol Biota of China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2010年第4期84卷 676-679页

作者： BAI Ming Frank Thorsten KRELL REN Dong YANG Xingke Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Department of Zoology Denver Museum of Nature ＆ Science Denver CO 80205-5798 USA College of Life Sciences Capital Normal University Beijing 100037 China

Glaresis orthochilus sp. nov. （Scarabaeoidea： Glaresidae）, the best preserved glaresid fossil, is described and illustrated from the Yixian Formation of western Liaoning province, north-east China. Glaresidae, the sister group of all extant Scarabaeoidea was established in the Upper Jurassic/Lower Cretaceous and contained larger species than those found today.

关键词： Coleoptera fossil Glaresidae Yixian Formation Glaresis Scarabaeoidea new species China

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Petrochemistry and Zircon U-Pb Geochronology of Felsic Xenoliths in Late Cenozoic Gem-Related Basalt from Bo Phloi Gem Field, Kanchanaburi, Western Thailand

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Journal of Earth Science 2021年第4期32卷 1035-1052页

作者： Alongkot Fanka Chidchanok Kasiban Toshiaki Tsunogae Yukiyasu Tsutsumi Chakkaphan Sutthirat Department of Geology Faculty of ScienceChulalongkorn UniversityPathumwanBangkok 10330Thailand Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences University of TsukubaIbaraki 305-8572Japan Department of Geology University of JohannesburgAuckland Park 2006South Africa Department of Geology and Paleontology National Museum of Nature and ScienceIbaraki 305-0005Japan

The Cenozoic basalts exposed in Bo Phloi Gem Field,Kanchanaburi Province,western Thailand are a host to different gem materials(e.g.,sapphire,black spinel,black pyroxene and zircon)as well as other xenocrysts and xenoliths from the deep-seated formations onto the earth ***,only felsic xenoliths have never been investigated and reported in detail though they are in fact significant evidence of ancient tectonic processes of this *** this study,the felsic xenoliths were sampled and classified,on the basis of petrochemistry,into granite,syenogranite,and ***,they contain similar mineral assemblages including essentials of quartz,K-feldspar,and plagioclase with different proportions and accessories of biotite,zircon,and opaque ***,large phenocrysts of K-feldspar and plagioclase commonly present as a primary texture which are frequently corroded and replaced by‘sieved texture’with secondary cumulative fringe of tiny feldspar and *** secondary textures clearly indicate quenching after re-heating during transportation by basaltic *** analyses indicate that the alkaline and peraluminous magma show enrichment of Rb and depletion of Ba,Nb,Ta,Ti with steep slope of LREE/HREE enrichment *** evidences suggest low-degree partial melting of crustal materials related to the collisional S-type granite *** addition,U-Pb dating of zircon from a felsic xenolith yields 211.6±1.3 Ma comparable to the Late Triassic magmatism of the central belt granite in this region which is resulted from the collision between Sibumasu and Indochina terranes.

关键词： basalt granite sapphire tectonic Thailand xenolith

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Multi-scale analysis to uncover habitat use of red-crowned cranes： Implications for conservation

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Current Zoology 2013年第5期59卷 604-617页

作者： Chunyue LIU Hongxing JIANG Shuqing ZHANG Chunrong LI Yunqiu HOU Fawen QIAN Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130102 China Research Institute of Forest Ecology Environment and Protection Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of State Forestry Ad- ministrationChinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091 China Yancheng National nature Reserve Xinyanggang Sheyang County 224333 Jiangsu China

A multi-scale approach is essential to assess the factors that limit avian habitat use. Numerous studies have examined habitat use by the red-crowned crane, but integrated multi-scale habitat use information is lacking. We evaluated the effects of several habitat variables quantified across many spatial scales on crane use and abundance in two periods （2000 and 2009） at Yancheng National nature Reserve, China. The natural wetlands decreased in area by 30,601 ha （-6.9%） from 2000 to 2009, pre- dominantly as a result of conversion to aquaculture ponds and farmland, and the remaining was under degradation due to expan- sion of the exotic smooth cordgrass. The cranes are focusing in on either larger patches or those that are in close proximity to each other in both years, but occupied patches had smaller size, less proximity and more regular boundaries in 2009. At landscape scales, the area percentage of common seepweed, reed ponds and paddy fields had a greater positive impact on crane presence than the area percentage of aquaculture ponds. The cranes were more abundant in patches that had a greater percent area of common seepweed and reed ponds, while the percent area of paddy fields was inversely related to crane abundance in 2009 due to changing agricultural practices. In 2009, cranes tended to use less fragmented plots in natural wetlands and more fragmented plots in anthropogenic paddy fields, which were largely associated with the huge loss and degradation of natural habitats between the two years. Management should focus on restoration of large patches of natural wetlands, and formation of a relatively stable area of large paddy field and reed pond to mitigate the loss of natural wetlands [Current Zoology 59 （5）： 604-617, 2013].

关键词： Red-crowned crane Habitat Selection Remote sensing Scale Patch Landscape

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Conversion of Potato Peel Waste to Single Cell Protein by an Acidophilic Fungus

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2018年第5期10卷 522-532页

作者： Sanna Taskila Mikko Ahokas Ville-Hermanni Sotaniemi Marianne Maki Hanna-Liisa Malinen Mari Jaakkola Hanna Virpiranta Juha Tanskanen Chemical Process Engineering Research Unit University of OuluOuluFinland Unit of Measurement Technology University of OuluOuluFinland Kajaani University Consortium KajaaniFinland

The aim of this research was to convert potato peel waste (PPW) to single cell protein (SCP), and to extract valuable phenolic compounds from the spent medium. PPW is an abundant by-product of potato processing industry, consisting mostly of starch, fibre and protein in a form of watery sludge. The PPW from a chip manufacturing plant was pre-treated with sulphuric acid, and used as a substrate for an acidophilic Scytalidium acidophilum fungus under non-aseptic conditions. The produced SCP had a promising amino acid composition to be used in animal feed. Phenolic compounds were not recovered from the spent medium, most likely due to the low pH in the medium. The present findings suggest that PPW is a suitable raw material for acidophilic SCP production, whilst the extraction of phenolic acids would require milder cultivation conditions or separation before pre-treatments of SCP production. The BOD5 of the PPW was reduced by in 98% due to fungal cultivation. Thus the feed production also served as an efficient means for reduction of organic load in the PPW.

关键词： Potato Peel Waste PPW Single Cell Protein SCP Scytalidium acidophilum Acidophilic Phenolic Acid Non-Aseptic

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Yearly variation in character istics and health risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nitro-PAHs in urban shanghai from 2010-2018

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第1期33卷 72-79页

作者： Lu Yang Xuan Zhang Wanli Xing Quanyu Zhou Lulu Zhang Qing Wu Zhijun Zhou Renjie Chen Akira Toriba Kazuichi Hayakawa Ning Tang Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kanazawa UniversityKakuma-machiKanazawa920-1192Jjapan School of Public Health Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Institute of Medical Pharmaceutical and Health SciencesKanazawa UniversityKakuma-machiKanazawa920-1192Japan Institute of nature and Environmental Technology Kanazawa UniversityKakuma-machi920-1192KanazawaJapan

This study encompassed the regular observation of nine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and three nitro-PAHs(NPAHs)in particulate matter(PM)in Shanghai in summer and winter from 2010 to *** results showed that the mean concentrations of∑PAHs in summer decreased by 24.7%in 2013 and 18.1%in 2017 but increased by 10.2%in 2015 compared to the data in ***,the mean concentrations of∑PAHs in winter decreased by 39.7%from 2010(12.8±4.55 ng/m^3)to 2018(7.72±3.33 ng/m^3),and the mean concentrations of 1-nitropyrene in winter decreased by 79.0%from 2010(42.3±16.1 pg/m^3)to 2018(8.90±2.09 pg/m^3).Correlation analysis with meteorological conditions revealed that the PAH and NPAH concentrations were both influenced by ambient *** diagnostic ratios of PAHs and factor analysis showed that they were mainly affected by traffic emissions with some coal and/or biomass *** ratio of 2-nitrofluoranthene to 2-nitropyrene was near 10,which indicated that the OH radical-initiated reaction was the main pathway leading to their secondary ***,backward trajectories revealed different air mass routes in each sampling period,indicating a high possibility of source effects from the northern area in winter in addition to local and surrounding ***,the mean total benzo[a]pyrene-equivalent concentrations in Shanghai in winter decreased by 50.8%from 2010(1860±645 pg/m^3)to 2018(916±363 pg/m^3).These results indicated the positive effects of the various policies and regulations issued by Chinese authorities.

关键词： Air pollution Fine particulate matter Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Health risk Shanghai

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Visual Literacy From the Perspective of the VTS Method

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Journal of Literature and Art Studies 2017年第8期7卷 1071-1082页

作者： Katri-Helena Rautiainen Aija Jappinen University of Jyvaskyla Jyvaskyla Finland

The purpose of this article is to investigate visual literacy from the perspective of the VTS （Visual Thinking Strategies） method. The authors examine the viewpoints of seven American elementary school teachers on visual literacy and its meanings in the context of the VTS method. Data collection was done using a semi-structured questionnaire, which was followed by theory-driven content analysis. The authors emphasize that when supporting holistic development in a teaching context, it is the interconnected nature of aesthetics, growth and the learner＇s learning which is more important than developing special skills, like visual literacy. In the teaching context visual literacy and language development should be acknowledged in pedagogy and research.

关键词： visual literacy visual thinking strategies taxonomy for learning aesthetics multimodality

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