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中国循证医学杂志 2014年第7期14卷 777-782页

作者： Xavier Bosch-Capblanch John N. Lavis Simon Lewin Rifat Atun John-Arne Rottingen Daniel Droesche Lise Beck Edgardo Abalos Fadi El-Jardali Lucy Gilson Sandy Oliver Kaspar Wyss Peter Tugwell Regina Kulier Tikki Pang Andy Haines 王琪(译) 吴琼芳(译) 陈耀龙(审校) 杨克虎(审校) Swiss Tropical and Public health Institute BaselSwitzerland University of Basel BaselSwitzerland McMaster health Forum Centre for Health Economics and Policy AnalysisDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatisticsand Department of Political ScienceMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada Norwegian Knowledge centre for the health services OsloNorwayand Health Systems Research UnitMedical Research Council of South AfricaCape TownSouth Africa Global Fund to Fight AIDS Tuberculosis and MalariaGenevaSwitzerland Harvard Kennedy School CambridgeMassachusettsUnited States of America Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales RosarioArgentina Department of health Policy and Management American University of BeirutBeirutLebanonand McMaster Health ForumMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada School of Public health University of Cape Town and Department of Global Health and DevelopmentLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineUnited Kingdom EPPI-centre Social Science Research UnitInstitute of EducationLondonUnited Kingdom centre for Global health Institute of Population HealthUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada Innovation InformationEvidence and ResearchWorld Health OrganizationGenevaSwitzerland Departments of Social and Environmental health Research and of Nutrition and Public health Research London School of Hygiene&Tropical MedicineLondonUnited Kingdom 兰州大学循证医学中心/中国GRADE中心兰州大学基础医学院兰州730000 甘肃省循证医学与临床转化重点实验室兰州730000

本文是《PLoS Medicine》关于卫生系统知证政策指导三篇系列文章的第一篇,阐述了应如何将证据转化为指导,以形成卫生系统政策,并促进临床和公共卫生干预的实施。其要点如下:①薄弱的卫生系统阻碍了有效干预的实施,加强此系统的政策需要... 详细信息

本文是《PLoS Medicine》关于卫生系统知证政策指导三篇系列文章的第一篇,阐述了应如何将证据转化为指导,以形成卫生系统政策,并促进临床和公共卫生干预的实施。其要点如下:①薄弱的卫生系统阻碍了有效干预的实施,加强此系统的政策需要基于当前可得的最佳证据;②卫生系统证据最好以政策制定过程参考的指导的形式呈现,但目前卫生系统指导制定质量较差;③将问题、干预及实施相关的研究转化为影响卫生系统组织方式的决策和政策是卫生系统指导制定面临的一个挑战;④制定及时且适用于广大卫生系统利益相关者的指导,并确定评价卫生系统指导质量的方法是另一个挑战;⑤改编现有方法(如用于临床指南的那些方法)制定有意义的建议来应对卫生系统、政策系统及背景的复杂性,尚需进一步研究。

关键词：卫生系统政策指导卫生干预最佳证据临床指南利益相关者 PLoS 制定过程

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Effects on Children's Growth, Hemoglobin Concentration, and Anemia in 3 Nutrition Interventions in Poor Rural, China

Effects on Children's Growth, Hemoglobin Concentration, and ...

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第十七届中国科协年会——分12　新时代下大营养观专题论...

作者： YU Dongmei MA Guansheng Joop Van Raaij Wanda Bemelmans FANG Zhifeng YU Wentao ZHAO Liyun National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention centre for Nutrition and health Institute for Public Health and the Environment Prevention and health services Research National Institute for Public Health and the Environment Guangxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention

1 INTRODUCTION WHO(world health organization)and UNICEF(United Nations International Children’s Fund)jointly developed the Global Strategy for Infant and Young Child Feeding whose aim is to improve-through optimal feeding-the nutritional status,growth and development,health,and thus the very survival of young children[1].It?s well known that complementary feeding occurs between the age of 6-24 months and this is an important period

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知证卫生决策工具之十三--准备和使用政策简报支持知证决策

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中国循证医学杂志 2010年第5期10卷 507-513页

作者： John N Lavis Govin Permanand Andrew D Oxman Simon Lewin Atle Fretheim 李幼平李玲蒋兰慧文进 centre for health Economics and Policy Analysis Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatisticsand Department of Political ScienceMcMaster University1200 Main St. WestHSC-2D3HamiltonONCanada L8N 3Z5 health Evidence Network World Health Organization Regional Office for EuropeScherfi gsvej 8CopenhagenDenmark DK-2100 Norwegian Knowledge centre for the health services P.O. Box 7004St. Olavs plassN0130 OsloNorway health Systems Research Unit Medical Research Council of South Africa Section for International health Institute of General Practice and Community MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloNorway

政策简报是一个相对较新的为决策者打包研究证据的方法。政策简报的第一步就是设定政策问题的优先顺序,然后收集与问题各种特征相关的各方面研究证据。利用可得到的系统评价可使收集证据的过程可行且合理;若无系统评价,可查找单个相关... 详细信息

政策简报是一个相对较新的为决策者打包研究证据的方法。政策简报的第一步就是设定政策问题的优先顺序,然后收集与问题各种特征相关的各方面研究证据。利用可得到的系统评价可使收集证据的过程可行且合理;若无系统评价,可查找单个相关研究并根据需考虑问题的特征合并单个研究。本文提供以下问题供准备和使用政策简报支持知证决策者参考:①该政策简报是否解决一个高度优先问题,并描述了该问题的相关背景?②该政策简报是否描述了用于解决该问题各方案的问题、成本和效果及实施时需考虑的关键问题?③该政策简报是否用系统、透明的方法查找、筛选及评价合成的研究证据?④在讨论合成的研究证据时,该政策简报是否考虑了证据的质量、当地适用性及公平性?⑤该政策简报是否使用分级进入格式?⑥是否对该政策简报的科学质量和系统相关性进行了评价?

关键词：卫生决策工具证据系统公平性适用性相关性收集

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Importance of Wolbachia-mediated biocontrol to reduce dengue in Bangladesh and other dengue-endemic developing countries

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Biosafety and health 2023年第2期5卷 69-77页

作者： Abdullah Al Noman Debashish Das Zinnatun Nesa Md.Tariquzzaman Fariha Sharzana Md.Rakibul Hasan Baizid Khoorshid Riaz Golam Sharower Mohammad Meshbahur Rahman Department of Genetic Engineering&Biotechnology Jashore University of Science and TechnologyJashore 7408Bangladesh Directorate General of health services Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh Ministry of Health and Family WelfareDhaka 1212Bangladesh Center for Medical Biotechnology Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh Ministry of Health and Family WelfareDhaka 1212Bangladesh Department of Public health and Hospital Administration National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine(NIPSOM)Dhaka 1212Bangladesh Department of Entomology National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine(NIPSOM)Dhaka 1212Bangladesh Department of Biostatistics National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine(NIPSOM)Dhaka 1212Bangladesh

Mosquito-borne diseases,particularly dengue and chikungunya have become global threats,infecting millions of people worldwide,including developing countries of Southeast Asia and Latin America.Bangladesh,like many other developing countries,is experiencing frequent dengue outbreaks.This article,therefore,critically discussed the current status of dengue disease,vector control approaches,and the need for Wolbachia-mediated intervention in Bangladesh and other dengue-endemic developing countries.In this narrative review study,rel-evant literature was searched from major databases and search engines such as PubMed,BanglaJol,world health organization(WHO)/European centre for Disease Prevention and Control(ECDC)and Google Scholar.Considering the selection criteria,our search strategies finally involved 55 related literature for further investigation.Findings showed that current vector control strategies could not render protection for an extended period,and the disease burden of arboviruses is increasing.The impoverished outbreak preparedness,urbanization,climate change,and less efficacy of existing control methods have made people susceptible to vector-borne diseases.Hence,Wolbachia,a naturally occurring endosymbiont of many mosquito species that can potentially limit virus transmission through several host genetic alterations,would be a potential alterna-tive for dengue prevention.We also critically discussed the challenges and prospects of Wolbachia-based den-gue control in developing countries.The evidence supporting the efficacy and safety of this intervention and its mechanism have also been elucidated.Empirical evidence suggests that this introgression method could be an eco-friendly and long-lasting dengue control method.This review would help the policymakers and health experts devise a scheme of Wolbachia-based dengue control that can control mosquito-borne diseases,partic-ularly dengue in Bangladesh and other developing countries.

关键词： Wolbachia-based biocontrol Mosquitoes-borne diseases Dengue Biological control Developing countries

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Time to Integrate Malaria and Neglected Tropical Diseases Control and Elimination

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China CDC weekly 2021年第17期3卷 372-374页

作者： Dirk Engels Fang Huang Xiao-nong Zhou Secretariat Uniting Forum To Combate NTDsGenevaSwitzerland NHC Key Laboratory for Parasite and Vector Biology National Institute of Parasitic DiseasesChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionShanghaiChina Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases School of Global health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina.

Traditionally,malaria has always been considered one of the tropical diseases.This only has changed in the late 1990s,with the world health organization(WHO)profiling HIV,tuberculosis(TB),and malaria as priority“poverty-related”killing diseases(1).This has led to the creation of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS,Tuberculosis,and Malaria(2),that has mobilized substantial resources to advance the control of all three diseases,even if mostly in a siloed manner.

关键词： Malaria diseases malaria

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Potential carrier priming effect in Australian infants after 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introduction

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world Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2016年第3期5卷 311-318页

作者： Mohamed Tashani Sanjay Jayasinghe Zitta B Harboe Harunor Rashid Robert Booy National centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases the Children’s Hospital at Westmead the Discipline of Child and Adolescent health Sydney Medical SchoolUniversity of Sydney Neisseria and Streptococcus Reference Laboratory Department of Microbiology and Infection ControlStatens Serum Institut Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity School of Biological Sciences and Sydney Medical SchoolUniversity of Sydney world health organization collaborating centre for Mass Gatherings and High Consequence/High Visibility Events Flinders University

AIM:To investigate evidence of clinical protection in infants after one dose of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine(7vPCV) owing to carrier priming.METHODS:Using Australian National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System data,we conducted a descriptive analysis of cases of vaccine type invasive pneumococcal disease(VT-IPD) during "catch-up" years,when 7vPCV was carrier primed by prior administration of DTPa vaccine.We compared the number of VT-IPD cases occurring 2-9 wk after a single dose of 7vPCV(carrier primed),with those < 2 wk post vaccination,when no protection from 7vPCV was expected yet.Further comparison was conducted to compare the occurrence of VT-IPD cases vs non-VT-IPD cases after a single carrier-primed dose of 7vPCV.RESULTS:We found four VT-IPD cases occurring <2 wk after one carrier primed dose of 7vPCV while only one case occurred 2-9 wk later.Upon further comparison with the non-VT-IPD cases that occurred after one carrier primed dose of 7vPCV,two cases were detected within 2 wk,whereas seven occurred within2-9 wk later;suggesting a substantial level of protection from VT-IPD occurring from 2 wk after carrier-primed dose of 7vPCV.CONCLUSION:This data suggest that infants may benefit from just one dose of 7vPCV,likely through enhanced immunity from carrier priming effect.If this is proven,an adjusted 2-dose schedule(where the first dose of PCV is not given until after DTPa) may be sufficient and more cost-effective.

关键词： Carrier priming Conjugate vaccine Infant Invasive pneumococcal disease

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Malaria Elimination in China and Sustainability Concerns in the Post-elimination Stage

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China CDC weekly 2022年第44期4卷 990-994页

作者： Xinyu Feng Li Zhang Hong Tu Zhigui Xia National Institute of Parasitic Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research)NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyWHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesNational Center for International Research on Tropical DiseasesShanghai MunicipalityChina

The world health organization(WHO)certified China as officially malaria-free on June 30,2021.Looking back at the public health history in China,malaria elimination has been a product of complex social engineering.Here,we summarized our experience and lessons,and found that malaria control and elimination in China is mainly attributed to governmental leadership,consistent efforts,technological innovations,and adaptive approaches.We also raised that vigilance should focus on imported cases through strengthening surveillance and response systems in order to prevent any re-establishment of transmission after elimination.China should continue to maintain its laboratory,clinical and field epidemiology capabilities.Continuous policy and financial support,multi-sectoral cooperation,and innovative strategies and approaches will remain essential.By integrating these,a malaria-free status can become sustainable.

关键词： epidemiology elimination maintain

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COVID-19 mental health care toolkit:an international collaborative effort by Early Career Psychiatrists section

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General Psychiatry 2020年第5期33卷 352-355页

作者： Frances Adiukwu Laura Orsolini Drita Gashi Bytyçi Samer El Hayek Jairo M Gonzalez-Diaz Amine Larnaout Paolo Grandinetti Marwa Nofal Victor Pereira-Sanchez Mariana Pinto da Costa Ramdas Ransing Andre Luiz Schuh Teixeira Mohammadreza Shalbafan Joan Soler-Vidal Zulvia Syarif Ganesh Kudva Kundadak Rodrigo Ramalho Department of Neuropsychiatry University of Port Harcourt Teaching HospitalChobaRiversNigeria Department of Clinical Neurosciences/DIMSC School of MedicinePolytechnic University of MarcheAnconaMarcheItaly Mental health Center Prizren Hospital and University Clinical Service of KosovoPrizrenKosovo Department of Psychiatry American University of BeirutBeirutLebanon CERSAME School of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversidad del Rosario-Clinica Nuestra Senora de la PazBogotaColombia Psychiatry Department D Razi Hospitalfaculty of Medicine of TunisTunis El Manar UniversityTunisTunisia Addictions Service(SerD) Department of Territorial AssistanceASL TeramoTeramoItaly Helwan Mental health Hospital CairoEgypt Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry NYU Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry(WHO collaborating centre for Mental health services Development) Queen Mary University of LondonLondonUK Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar University of PortoPortoPortugal Hospital de Magalhaes Lemos PortoPortugal Department of Psychiatry BKL Walawalkar Rural Medical CollegeSawardeRatnagiriIndia Department of Childhood and Adolescent Psychiatry Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreRSBrazil Mental health Research Center Department of PsychiatrySchool of MedicineIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran(the Islamic Republic of) Fidmag Research Foundation Hermanas HospitalariasBarcelonaSpain Department of Psychiatry Tarakan General HospitalJakartaIndonesia Early Psychosis Intervention Programme Institute of Mental HealthSingapore Department of Social and Community health School of Populatin HealthUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

The collaborative effort of an international research team from the Early Career Psychiatrists section of the world Psychiatry Association has brought about an easy-to-use,quick and stepwise mental health care toolkit for the identification and appropriate referral of those in need of mental health care during the pandemic.This simple guide can be applied in the general outpatient setting and is catered for all healthcare professionals,regardless of their expertise within the mental health field with minimal training.It is our hope that by incorporating this toolkit into our daily clinical care during the pandemic for high-risk patients and patients with non-specific complaints,we will be able to bridge the mental health gap present in our society.

关键词： Psychiat section clinical

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The Prevalence of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis among People Living with HIV (PLHIV) in Abia State

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2016年第2期6卷 63-69页

作者： Onuka Okorie Ahukanna John M. Gidado Gabriel Akang Ubochioma Emperor Enogu Rupert Ibeziako Vivian Emmanuel Meribole Pius Osakwe TB Control Program Ministry of Health Umuahia Nigeria KNCV Abuja Nigeria Institute of Human Virology Abuja Nigeria National TB Control Program Abuja Nigeria world health organization Enugu Nigeria

Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis and transmitted from person to person, through inhalation of droplet nuclei aerosolized by coughing of an infected person. It reached epidemic proportions in Europe and North America during the 18th and 19th centuries. The incubation period is 2 - 6 weeks and the control has been complicated with emergence of HIV and drug-resistant TB. In 1993, world health organization (WHO) declared TB a global emergency. However, despite the concerted effort of National TB control programs, adoption and implementation of Stop TB strategy, TB has remained a major public health challenge with high mortality rate, especially in developing countries. Methodology: This is a descriptive study, evaluated using the positivist/quantitative approach. The study was conducted at FederalMedical centre Umuahia, a tertiary specialist hospital with comprehensive TB/HIV treatment services. All the presumptive drug-resistant TB cases and symptomatic PLHIV were screened for HIV and their sputum specimens were tested for tuberculosis using the Gene xpert and the Ziehl- Neelsen technique for detecting Acid Fast bacilli. A pretested structured questionnaire was used tocollect the demographic data and other essential data from the presumptive TB and laboratory registers such as total number of TB presumptive cases registered HIV status, AFB status and rifampicin status within the study period. Result: A total of 493 presumptive TB cases were screened in the study, 49.9% were HIV positive while 50.05% were HIV negative. More so, 77.85% of thescreened cases were AFB negative and 22.15% were AFB positive. Moreover, 11% of the TB/HIV co-infected patients were rifampicin positive. Interestingly among the 493 cases screened with gene xpert machine, 3.6% were rifampicin positive. Furthermore, 3.6% of the HIV negative cases were rifampicin positive while 1.6% of the HIV positive cases were rifampicin positive. Discussion: The data depict lower rifampicin resistance among HIV positiv

关键词： Multidrug Resistant TB among People Living with HIV

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China’s 1-3-7 surveillance and response strategy for malaria elimination: Is case reporting, investigation and foci response happening according to plan?

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2015年第1期4卷 465-473页

作者： Shui-Sen Zhou Shao-Sen Zhang Li Zhang Aafje ECRietveld Andrew RRamsay Rony Zachariah Karen Bissell Rafael Van den Bergh Zhi-Gui Xia Xiao-Nong Zhou Richard ECibulskis National Institute of Parasitic Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionKey Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyMOHWHO Collaborating Centre for Tropic DiseasesNational Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases207 Rui Jin Er RoadShanghai200025People’s Republic of China Global Malaria Programme World Health Organization20 Avenue AppiaCH-1211Geneva 27Switzerland Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases(TDR) 20 Avenue AppiaCH-1211Geneva 27Switzerland Médecins Sans Frontieres Brussels Operational CentreLuxembourgLuxembourg International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease ParisFrance

Background:The China’s 1-3-7 strategy was initiated and extensively adopted in different types of counties(geographic regions)for reporting of malaria cases within 1 day,their confirmation and investigation within 3 days,and the appropriate public health response to prevent further transmission within 7 days.Assessing the level of compliance to the 1-3-7 strategy at the county level is a first step towards determining whether the surveillance and response strategy is happening according to plan.This study assessed if the time-bound targets of the 1-3-7 strategy were being sustained over time.Such information would be useful to improve implementation of the 1-3-7 strategy in China.Methods:This cross-sectional study involved country-wide programmatic data for the period January 1st 2013 to June 30th 2014.Data variables were extracted from the national malaria information system and included socio-demographic information,type of county,date of diagnosis,date of reporting,date of case investigation,case classification(indigenous,or imported,or unknown),focus investigation,date of reactive case detection(RACD),and date of indoor residual spraying(IRS).Summary statistics and proportions were used and comparisons between groups were assessed using the chi-square test.Level of significance was set at a P-value≤0.05.Results:Of a total of 5,688 malaria cases from 731 counties,there were 55(1%)indigenous cases(only in Type 1 and Type 2 counties)and 5,633(99%)imported cases from all types of counties.There was no delay in reporting malaria cases by type of county.In terms of case investigation,97.5%cases were investigated within 3 days with the proportion of delays(1.5%)in type 2 counties,being significantly lower than type 1 counties(4.1%).Regarding active foci,96.4%were treated by RACD and/or IRS.Conclusions:The performance of 1-3-7 strategy was encouraging but identified some challenges that if addressed can further improve implementation.

关键词： 1-3-7 strategy Malaria elimination Surveillance and response

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