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Uptake of hepatitis C direct-acting antiviral treatment in China:a retrospective study from 2017 to 2021

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第2期12卷 126-126页

作者： Xinyu Du Jiarun Mi Hanchao Cheng Yuanyuan Song Yuchang Li Jing Sun Polin Chan Zhongdan Chen Simon Luo School of health Policy and Management Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China Hepatitis/TB/HIV/STI World Health Organisation Regional Office for the Western Pacific Manila The Philippines Hepatitis/TB/HIV/STI World Health Organisation Representative Office in China Beijing China IQVIA Holding Company Beijing China

Background Direct-acting antivirals(DAAs)for hepatitis C treatment in China became available since *** study expects to generate evidence to inform decision-making in a nationwide scale-up of DAA treatment in *** We described the number of standard DAA treatment at both national and provincial levels in China from 2017 to 2021 based on the China Hospital Pharmacy Audit(CHPA)*** performed interrupted time series analysis to estimate the level and trend changes of the monthly number of standard DAA treatment at national *** also adopted the latent class trajectory model(LCTM)to form clusters of the provincial-level administrative divisions(PLADs)with similar levels and trends of number of treatment,and to explore the potential enablers of the scale-up of DAA treatment at provincial *** The number of 3-month standard DAA treatment at national level increased from 104 in the last two quarters of 2017 to 49,592 in the year of *** estimated DAA treatment rates in China were 1.9%and 0.7%in 2020 and 2021,which is far below the global target of 80%.The national price negotiation at the end of 2019 resulted in DAA inclusion by the national health insurance in January *** that month,the number of treatment increased 3668 person-times(Phealth insurance,which are critical elements that support scaling up access to hepatitis C treatment in ***,the current treatment rates are still far below the global *** the PLADs lagged beh

关键词： Direct-acting antiviral Hepatitis C Treatment Universal health insurance China

Synthesis and microstructure characterization of tetragonal Zr1–xTixO2 （x = 0–1） solid solutions

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第9期35卷 1966-1976页

作者： Linggen Kong Inna Karatchevtseva Hanliang Zhu Meng Jun Qin Zaynab Aly Nuclear Fuel Cycle Research Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation

Oxide powders of Zr1_xTixO2(x=0-1)solid solutions with micron-sized particles were synthesized via a solution combustion *** synthesis process and Zr/Ti molar ratio were optimized to produce powders with the tetragonal crystal structure.X-ray diffraction,Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron spectroscopy results confirm that a full crystallization microstructure with the single tetragonal phase is obtained after calcination at 600℃while maintaining the crystallite size67 mol%exhibit a tetragonal crystal structure and the embedding Ti in ZrO2 improves the structure *** nitrogen sorption results indicate that the powders possess mesoporous morphology with medium specific surface areas(~10-50 m^2/g).Chemical stability tests show that these powders are relatively stable with negligible removal of titanium and zirconium after elution by 0.5 mol/L *** functional theory was used to calculate the most stable structure with low energy for the selected composition.

关键词： Tetragonal Titanium zirconate Solid solution Chemical synthesis

Reduced Order Modeling & Controller Design for Mass Transfer in a Grain Storage System

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2014年第4期11卷 399-403页

作者： Paramita Guha Sunita Mishra Agrionics Division Central Scientific Instruments Organisation

This paper considers the problem of simulating the humidity distributions of a grain storage system. The distributions are described by partial differential equations(PDE). It is quite difficult to obtain the humidity profiles from the PDE model. Hence, a discretization method is applied to obtain an equivalent ordinary differential equation model. However, after applying the discretization technique, the cost of solving the system increases as the size increases to a few thousands. It may be noted that after discretization,the degree of freedom of the system remain the same while the order increases. The large dynamic model is reduced using a proper orthogonal decomposition based technique and an equivalent model but of much reduced size is obtained. A controller based on optimal control theory is designed to obtain an input such that the output humidity reaches a desired profile and also its stability is *** results are presented to show the validity of the reduced model and possible further extensions are identified.

关键词： Grain storage system finite element method modeling reduced order modeling proper orthogonal decomposition optimal control Lyapunov stability criteria

Taming heat with tiny pressure

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 70-78页

作者： Kun Zhang Zhe Zhang Hailong Pan Haoyu Wang Xueting Zhao Ji Qi Zhao Zhang Ruiqi Song Chenyang Yu Biaohong Huang Xujing Li Huaican Chen Wen Yin Changlong Tan Weijin Hu Michael Wüubbenhorst Jiangshui Luo Dehong Yu Zhidong Zhang Bing Li Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics Department of Physics and AstronomyKU Leuven3001 LeuvenBelgium Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Spallation Neutron Source Science Center Dongguan 523803China College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin 150080China Australian Nuclear Science and Technology organisation Lucas HeightsNSW 2234Australia

Heat is almost *** electricity,which can be easily manipulated,the current ability to control heat is still highly limited owing to spontaneous thermal dissipation imposed by the second law of *** illumination and pressure have been used to switch endothermic/exothermic responses of materials via phase transitions;however,these strategies are less cost-effective and ***,we spectroscopically demonstrate the glassy crystal state of 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol(AMP)to realize an affordable,easily manageable approach for thermal energy *** supercooled state of AMP is so sensitive to pressure that even several megapascals can induce crystallization to the ordered crystal,resulting in a substantial temperature increase of 48 K within 20 ***,we demonstrate a proof-of-concept device capable of programable heating with an extremely high work-to-heat conversion effi-ciency of*** delicate and efficient tuning of heat may remarkably facilitate rational utilization of waste heat.

关键词： illumination thermal rational

Synthesis of hierarchical mesoporous Ln_(2)Ti_(2)O_(7)(Ln=Y,Tb-Yb)pyrochlores and uranyl sorption properties

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第18期113卷 22-32页

作者： Linggen Kong Inna Karatchevtseva Tao Wei Nicholas Scales Australian Nuclear Science and Technology organisation Lucas Heights NSW2234Australia

Mesoporous structured metal oxides exhibit many active ***,the synthesis of crystalline metal oxides with a ternary composition while maintaining satisfactory pore features is ***,high temperatures are required which inhibit control of pore structure properties including surface area,pore volume,and pore ***,the synthesis of ternary metal oxides Ln_(2)Ti_(2)O_(7)pos-sessing pyrochlore crystal structure is achieved using a novel technique which combines‘soft’and hard colloid templating *** formed materials are of submicron size and composed of∼25-30 nm product‘building blocks’with good chemical and phase *** polycrystalline powders have a high specific surface area(up to 70 m^(2)·g^(-1))and pore volume(∼0.35 cm^(3)·g^(-1))which result in a good adsorp-tion capacity(U uptake closing to 60 mg·g^(-1)).Remarkably,the material exhibits a significant portion of mesopores(mainly 10-40 nm)which facilitate fast adsorption of the cations due to high *** synthetic methodology described herein produces highly homogenous powders and can be applied to other compositions and structures.

关键词： Porous ternary metal oxides Dual template synthesis Lanthanide titanate Pyrochlore Uranium adsorption

Accessibility and availability of health care services to internally displaced persons, in Kitgum and Pader districts, northern Uganda

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health 2013年第9期5卷 1433-1442页

作者： Christopher Garimoi Orach Juliet Faith Aporomon Nelson Musoba Lukwiya Micheal Department of Community health and Behavioural Sciences Makerere University School of Public Health Kampala Uganda Ministry of health (MoH) Kampala Uganda Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) Kampala Uganda world health organisation (WHO) Kampala Uganda

Introduction: During 1986-2009, an estimated 1.6 million persons were internally displaced from northern and eastern regions of Uganda due to civil war. We investigated accessibility to and availability of health care services for the internally displaced persons in Kitgum and Pader districts, northern Uganda. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Kitgum and Pader districts, northern Uganda. We interviewed a total of 1383 respondents comprising 968 (70%) adults and 415 (30%) adolescents;60% were females and 40% males, randomly selected from 35 of 67 (52.2%) internally displaced persons (IDP) camps. We held 27 key informant interviews and 52 focus group discussions. Data were entered in EPI data version 3.02 and analysed using SPSS version 12.00 statistical packages. Findings: Two thirds of the respondents 67.5% lived within 5 km distance of a health facility. The majority 62.9% of respondents mentioned that health related information was readily provided. 43.5% of health providers were always available in a health facility. A quarter 25.1% of health facilities always had drugs available, while 56.9% of the drugs prescribed were always available. Two thirds of the respondents 65.9% were satisfied with the health care services provided. The main reasons for the choice of a health facility were proximity 29.6%, provision of free treatment 24.7% and availability of drugs 17.2%. Main barriers to health care access were due to the lack of financial resources, trained personnel, and inadequate drugs and supplies in the health facilities. Conclusions and Recommendations: The majority of IDPs lived in close proximity to health facilities and obtained health care services from public health facilities. Access to health care was determined mainly by proximity and availability of free services and drugs. Although geographic accessibility to health services was high, lack of finances, information and decision power hindered access to health care services.

关键词： Accessibility Availability health Care Services Quality Satisfaction Internally Displaced Persons Uganda

Organelle Structures: Bridging Strategy and Technological Processes

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厦门大学学报（自然科学版） 2002年第S1期41卷 249-251页

作者： Rob Dekkers Section Production Technology and organisation

The shifting requirements as imposed on operations ma nagement require adjusting and tailoring the organisational structure to meet ma rket demands. However, translating these requirements directly into hierarchical structure will not ensure the integration of processes across organisational un its and guarantee desirable performance. Therefore, management and management li terature wonders: · How should we connect processes to the external environment within a strategi c framework · Which organisational structures do meet performance requirements · Which choices and freedom do we have within organisational structures · How and when do we implement organisational structures That the hierarchical structure does not meet as such the performance requiremen ts nor did it relate to these became already clear during case studies performed in the ’70s. The conclusion was drawn that organisational changes should affect working processes before they proof to be viable. This required the development of new approach through empirical studies and base d on literature. This led to the development of the organelle structure. The org anelle structure should connect to the strategy and the product flow. Thereto, a decision model has been developed for revealing these relations and the practic al implication. During a number of case studies this methodology has been refined and includes t he strategic choice between variants for the organelle structure with their own performance capabilities; we distinguish about 20 variants ranging between the f unctional organisation and the product flow organisation. These ranges of choice s however can be connected to different order entry points, stemming from logist ic concepts. This extends the performance to improved lead-times and improved c ontrol. Strategic choices relate the organelle structure to external performance criteria dictated by product/market-combinations: · lead-time · quality · costs and internal choices for performance crit

关键词： link Bridging Strategy and Technological Processes Organelle Structures

Damage and geological assessment of the 18 September 2011 M_w 6.9 earthquake in Sikkim,India using very high resolution satellite data

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Geoscience Frontiers 2015年第6期6卷 793-805页

作者： Tapas R.Martha K.Babu Govindharaj K.Vinod Kumar National Remote Sensing Centre(NRSC) Indian Space Research Organisation(ISRO)

Post-disaster very high resolution（VHR） satellite data are potential sources to provide detailed information on damage and geological changes for a large area in a short *** this paper,we studied landslides triggered by the M_w 6.9 earthquake in Sikkim,India which occurred on 18 September 2011 using VHR data from Cartosat-1,GeoEye-1,QuickBird-2 and worldView-2 *** the earthquake-affected area is located in mostly inaccessible Himalayan terrain,VHR data from these satellites provided a unique opportunity for quick and synoptic assessment of the *** visual change analysis technique through comparison of pre- and post-earthquake images,we assessed the damage caused by the event.A total of 123 images acquired from eight satellites,covering an area of4105 km2 were analysed and 1196 new landslides triggered by the earthquake were *** blockages and severely affected villages were also *** assessment of the terrain highlighted linear disposition of landslides along existing fault scarps,suggesting a reactivation of *** landslide inventory map prepared from VHR images also showed a good correlation with the earthquake shake *** showed that several parts of north Sikkim,particularly Mangan and Chungthang,which are close to the epicentre,were severely affected by the earthquake,and that the event-based landslide inventory map can be used in future earthquake-triggered landslide susceptibility assessment studies.

关键词： International Charter Damage Landslide Fault VHR Disaster

Upgrading and dephosphorization of Western Australian iron ore using reduction roasting by adding sodium carbonate

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2013年第6期20卷 505-513页

作者： De-qing Zhu Tie-jun Chun Jian Pan Li-ming Lu Zhen He School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South University Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research organisation (CSIRO)

The technology of direct reduction by adding sodium carbonate （Na2CO3） and magnetic separation was developed to treat Western Australian high phosphorus iron ore. The iron ore and reduced product were investigated by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. It is found that phosphorus exists within limonite in the form of solid solution, which cannot be removed through traditional ways. During reduction roasting, Na2CO3 reacts with gangue minerals （SiO2 and A1203）, forming aluminum silicate-containing phosphorus and damaging the ore structure, which promotes the separation between iron and phosphorus during magnetic separation. Meanwhile, Na2CO3 also improves the growth of iron grains, increasing the iron grade and iron recovery. The iron concentrate, assaying 94.12wt% Fe and 0.07wt% P at the iron recovery of 96.83% and the dephosphorization rate of 74.08%, is obtained under the optimum conditions. The final product （metal iron powder） after briquetting can be used as the burden for steelmaking by an alactrie *** furnace to rer）la,ce scrar） steel.

关键词： iron ore reduction sodium carbonate ore roasting magnetic separation phosphorus removal