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Evaluating the Potential of Birch Bark Suberinic Acids for Solid wood Impregnation

Journal of Renewable Materials 2025年第1期13卷 147-161页

作者： Daniela Godina Guntis Sosins Aigars Paze Janis Rizikovs Raimonds Makars Andreas Treu Latvian State Institute of wood Chemistry Biorefinery LaboratoryRigaLV-1006Latvia Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research Department Wood TechnologyHøgskoleveien 8Ås1433Norway

Instead of the traditional linear model of taking,making,and disposing,the circular bio-economy promotes a regenerative *** there is potential to create valuable products like betulin,lupeol,and suberinic acids(SA)from outer birch bark,many industries,such as plywood and pulp,often choose to incinerate substan-tial amounts of leftover birch bark to meet their energy *** highlights the importance of obtaining valu-able products from *** objective of this study was to examine various fractions of SA and assess their potential for wood *** fractions included SA potassium salts in ethanol(SAK-EtOH)and water(SAK-H2O),SA suspension in water(SAS-H2O)and dried SA,which was subsequently diluted in ethanol(DSA-EtOH).There is signiﬁcant potential for utilizing SA in wood treatment formulations as a sustainable alternative to harmful petroleum-derived *** approach not only addresses environmental concerns but also enhances the functionality of wood in construction applications,such as improving impregnation for moisture and fungal *** the solutions tested,the ethanol solution of SA,speciﬁcally DSA-EtOH,showed the highest weight percent gain(WPG)and the greatest leaching *** analysis showed that SA salts in ethanol(SAK-EtOH)and water(SAK-H2O)predominantly consist of low molecular fractions and each process(acidiﬁcation and drying)reduces the low molecular content in the *** suggests that SA polymerizes after drying,making it necessary to dissolve it in ethanol to meet the requirements for *** opti-mization,including adjustments in the concentration of the SA ethanol solution and the curing temperature,is essential to identify the optimal conditions for more in-depth impregnation studies.

关键词： Birch bark suberinic acids solid wood impregnation

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Tree growth decline to warm-wet conditions in boreal forests is linked to stand density

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Forest Ecosystems 2025年第1期12卷 74-82页

作者： Bingqian Zhao Yihong Zhu Lushuang Gao Qibing Zhang Mingqian Liu Klaus von Gadow Research Center of Forest Management Engineering of State Forestry and Grassland Administration Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key laboratory of Forest Resources&Environmental Management Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China Department of Environmental Science Policy and ManagementUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeley94704USA State Key laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China laboratory of wood Technology Ghent UniversityCoupure links 6539000GhentBelgium Faculty of Forestry and Forest Ecology Georg-August-University GottingenBüsgenweg 5D-37077GottingenGermany Department of Forestry and wood Science Faculty of AgriSciencesStellenbosch UniversityStellenbosch Private Bag X1Stellenbosch7602South Africa

Warm-wet climatic conditions are widely regarded as conducive to remarkable tree growth,alleviating climatic ***,the notable decline in tree growth observed in the southern edge of boreal forests has heightened concerns over the spatial-temporal dynamics of forest ***,attaining a comprehensive grasp of the underlying patterns and their propelling factors remains a formidable *** collected tree ring samples from a network of 50 sites across the Greater Xing'an *** samples were subsequently grouped into two distinct clusters,designated as Groups A and *** percentage change of growth(GC,%)and the proportion of declining sites were utilized to assess forest *** decline in tree growth within Larix gmelinii forests exhibits significant regional variation,accompanied by temporal fluctuations even within a given *** A exhibited a pronounced increase in frequency(59.26%)of occurrences and encountered more severe declines(21.65%)in tree growth subsequent to the 1990s,contrasting sharply with Group B,which observed lower frequencies(20.00%)and relatively less severe declines(21.02%)prior to the *** primary impetus underlying the opposite radial growth increments observed in Larix gmelinii trees from the interplay between their differential response to temperatures and wetter climatic conditions,which is significantly influenced by varying stand *** cold-dry conditions,low-density forests may experience soil water freezing,exacerbating drought conditions and thereby inhibiting tree growth,in Group *** growth in high-density stands is restrained by warm-wet conditions,in Group *** results provide new insights into the variability at the southern edge of the boreal forest biome with different responses to density and climate.

关键词： Growth decline Stand density The southern edge of boreal forests Larix gmelinii

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Comparative tree-ring anatomy of Fraxinus excelsior with Chalara dieback

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第6期29卷 1741-1749页

作者： Mirela Tulik Barbaros Yaman Nesibe Kose Department of Forest Botany Warsaw University of Life Sciences– SGGWWarsaw 02-787Poland wood anatomy and dendrochronology laboratory Bartin UniversityFaculty of ForestryBartinTurkey Department of Forest Botany Istanbul UniversityFaculty of Forestry34473 IstanbulTurkey

We tested the hypothesis that the biometrical characters of wood elements in ash trees(Fraxinus excelsior L.) become modified in response to the progression of disease caused by Chalara fraxinea. Anatomical analyses were performed on wood samples collected at breast height from the trunks of groups of ash trees which contained healthy, weakened and dead trees. We measured(1) treering width,(2) earlywood vessel diameter,(3) earlywood vessel element length,(4) fibre length,(5) fibre diameter,(6) fibre lumen diameter, and(7) fibre wall thickness. We showed that tree-ring width diminished in all analysed groups during disease progression. However, the greatest suppression of growth was observed in dead trees. In both weakened and dead ash trees, the reduction in tree-ring width was accompanied by diminished vessel diameter in the earlywood of the outermost annual rings. The annual rings of dead trees had shorter fibres having greater lumen diameter and thinner cell walls. Consequently, water conduction in the sapwood of dead ash trees was less efficient owing to reduced vessel diameter, and this seems to be one of the greatest disease-induced morphological modifications. All the anatomical modifications might be due to leaf loss and crown dieback triggered by Chalara fraxinea.

关键词： Ash Dieback Fibres Vessels wood

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Environmentally Friendly Tannic Acid-Furfuryl Alcohol-Soybean Isolate/Casein Composite Foams Reinforced with wood Fibers

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2025年第2期13卷 329-347页

作者： Jinxing Li Mustafa Zor Xiaojian Zhou Guanben Du Denis Rodrigue Xiaodong(Alice)Wang Department of wood and Forest Sciences Laval UniversityQuébecG1V 0A6Canada Department of Nanotechnology Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit UniversityZonguldak67900Turkey Yunnan Provincial Key laboratory of wood Adhesives and Glued Products Southwest Forestry UniversityKunming650224China Department of Chemical Engineering Laval UniversityQuébecG1V 0A6Canada

In this study,two series of foams based on tannic acid(TA),furfuryl alcohol(FA),soybean protein isolate(SPI),and casein(CA),namely TA–FA–SPI(TS series)and TA–FA–CA(TC series)were developed,and their properties were enhanced by adding poplar fibers(WF).From the samples produced,a complete set of characterization was performed including possible crosslinking reactions,morphology,mechanical properties,flame retardancy,thermal insulation and thermal ***-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)revealed possible covalent crosslinking among the components and hydrogen bonding between WF and the *** results indicated that lower prepolymer viscosity led to lower apparent density,while WF addition reduced even more the *** tests showed that the maximum compressive strengths were good,while WF improved the compressive strength by up to 56%.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)showed uniform cell structures,but small open pores were ***-dimensional(2D)CT scan images confirmed the good compatibility between WF and the matrix,with low anisotropy in the *** tests indicated that WF decreased the pulverization ratio of the materials by up to 42%.Thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)showed good thermal stability of the materials up to 328°*** burning tests showed that the materials were self-extinguishing without residue(dripping).The lowest thermal conductivity was 0.04 W/m·*** results suggest that these novel formaldehyde-free,high biomass content(95%–96%)foams and composite foams have high potential to replace traditional phenolic foams(PF)in applications such as construction,transportation,packaging,and thermal insulation.

关键词： Foam composite tannic acid soybean isolate protein casein poplar fiber compressive strength flame retardancy thermal insulation

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On-Site Analysis and Rapid Authentication of Valuable Agarwood Samples by Paper Capillary Spray Miniature Mass Spectrometry

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2025年第01期 61-70页

作者： Yanqiao Xie Shengqi Huang Qian Zhang Siyu Zhang Zhuzhen Han Jinliang Yu Xingyu Wang Kaixian Chen Zhengtao Wang Linnan Li Li Yang The MOE Key laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines The SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese MedicinesThe Shanghai Key Laboratory for Compound Chinese MedicinesInstitute of Chinese Materia MedicaShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine PURSPEC Technologies

Agarwood is a resinous wood produced by plants of the genus Aquilaria in the Thymelaeaceae family after being *** wide distribution of origins and the complexity of formation have led to various species of agarwood. The preciousness,universality of application and scarcity of resources bring difficulties to the quality control of agarwood, the in-situ ionization technique shows great potential in the rapid and accurate identification of valuable herbal medicines. In this paper, based on the combination of paper capillary spray and miniature mass spectrometry, different kinds of agarwood and counterfeits were directly added onto the chromatography paper, the active ingredients were extracted by solvent and then carried out by the portable miniature mass spectrometry, which could be implemented to perform an effective and on-site analysis, and the whole process only took about 1 min. Characteristic highly oxidized 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromones and flindersia-type 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromones were detected in authentic agarwood, and other characteristic flindersia-type 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromones were detected in authentic Kynam agarwood(special variety of agarwood), while the above characteristic components were not detected in counterfeits. Furthermore, an artificial intelligence model based on random forest algorithm was established for automatic identification. This approach is versatile, unfettered by location or environmental constraints,making it particularly valuable in the identification of precious Chinese herbal medicines.

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Distribution and Resistance Profile of Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains at the Yaoundé Central Hospital: Analysis and Implications

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Advances in Microbiology 2025年第1期15卷 19-29页

作者： Megne Mimbe Lys Cannella Assiene Oyong Damase Serge Cedric Gueguim Laurent Akono Magloire Sida Biwole Adiogo Dieudonné Department of Biology Higher Institute of Medical Technology Yaound Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Environmental Sciences Higher Institute of Agriculture Wood Water and the Environment University of Bertoua Cameroon Pharmacy laboratory Galenics and Pharmaceutical Legislation Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon

Introduction: The misuse of antibiotics has driven the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, with certain bacterial species, including Klebsiella pneumoniae, initially susceptible to most antibiotics, now exhibiting resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents. The objective of this study was to investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated at the Yaoundé Central Hospital. Methodology: The study was conducted over a period of 4 months (March 1st, 2023-July 1st, 2023) and involved 32 strains isolated from bacterial cultures performed on patients, regardless of sex. The different Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were isolated using conventional methods. Identification, antibiogram, and detection of resistance enzyme production were generated using the VITEK 2 system. The Carbapenem-resistant K.N.I.V.O. kit was used to detect carbapenemases. Data analysis was performed using EXCEL 2019 software. Results: Out of 196 samples collected from various biological products, 32 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were isolated, representing 16.32% (196/32). Urine samples were most frequently affected, accounting for 53.125%. The emergency department was the most represented (40.63%) by these isolates. The mean age was 50 years, with a minimum of 20 years and a maximum of 80 years. The sex ratio was equal to 1. The identified strains were resistant to cefotaxime (78.13%), cefoxitin (62.50%), tobramycin (71.88%), gentamicin (56.25%), ofloxacin (81.25%), and cotrimoxazole (78.13%). 78.25% were ESBL producers. Three strains were resistant to carbapenems, accounting for 9.37%;one of which exhibited the NDM type. Conclusion: This study highlights the evolving bacterial resistance to antibiotics, which requires adequate measures through the strengthening of the Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) program in Cameroon.

关键词： Klebsiella pneumoniae Resistance Antibiotics Carbapenemase

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Tree growth decline to warm-wet conditions in boreal forests is linked to stand density

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Forest Ecosystems 2025年第1期 74-82页

作者： Bingqian Zhao Yihong Zhu Lushuang Gao Qibing Zhang Mingqian Liu Klaus von Gadow Research Center of Forest Management Engineering of State Forestry and Grassland Administration Beijing Forestry University State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key laboratory of Forest Resources&Environmental Management Beijing Forestry University Department of Environmental Science Policy and ManagementUniversity of California State Key laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences laboratory of wood Technology Ghent University Faculty of Forestry and Forest Ecology Georg-August-University G?ttingen Department of Forestry and wood Science Faculty of AgriSciencesStellenbosch University

Warm-wet climatic conditions are widely regarded as conducive to remarkable tree growth, alleviating climatic pressures. However, the notable decline in tree growth observed in the southern edge of boreal forests has heightened concerns over the spatial-temporal dynamics of forest decline. Currently, attaining a comprehensive grasp of the underlying patterns and their propelling factors remains a formidable challenge. We collected tree ring samples from a network of 50 sites across the Greater Xing'an Mountains. These samples were subsequently grouped into two distinct clusters, designated as Groups A and B. The percentage change of growth(GC, %) and the proportion of declining sites were utilized to assess forest decline. The decline in tree growth within Larix gmelinii forests exhibits significant regional variation, accompanied by temporal fluctuations even within a given region. Group A exhibited a pronounced increase in frequency(59.26%) of occurrences and encountered more severe declines(21.65%) in tree growth subsequent to the 1990s, contrasting sharply with Group B, which observed lower frequencies(20.00%) and relatively less severe declines(21.02%) prior to the 1980s. The primary impetus underlying the opposite radial growth increments observed in Larix gmelinii trees from the interplay between their differential response to temperatures and wetter climatic conditions, which is significantly influenced by varying stand densities. In cold-dry conditions, low-density forests may experience soil water freezing,exacerbating drought conditions and thereby inhibiting tree growth, in Group B. Trees growth in high-density stands is restrained by warm-wet conditions, in Group A. These results provide new insights into the variability at the southern edge of the boreal forest biome with different responses to density and climate.

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In-situ controllable synthesis of carbon dots for patterned fluorescent wood films rapid fabrication strategy

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Aggregate 2024年第3期5卷 362-373页

作者： Xueqi Chen Jie Zhang Lei Zhang Qiheng Tang Yongping Chen Wenjing Guo Liang Chang wood Composites laboratory Research Institute of Wood IndustryChinese Academy of ForestryBeijingP.R.China

Fluorescent-patterned materials are widely used in information storage and ***,preparing a patternedfluorescent display on a matrix currently requires a time-consuming(hours or even days)and complex multi-step ***,a rapid and mild technique developed for the in-situ controllable synthe-sis offluorescent nitrogen-doped carbon dots(NCDs)on eco-friendly transparent woodfilms(TEMPO-oxidized carboxyl woodfilm[TOWF])within a few min-utes was developed.A wood skeleton was employed as the carbon precursor for NCD synthesis as well as the matrix for the uniform and controlled distribution of ***,the in-situ synthesis mechanism for preparing NCDs in TOWF was *** resultingfluorescent woodfilms have excellent tensile strength(310.0015.57 MPa),high transmittance(76.2%),high haze(95.0%),UV-blocking±properties in the full ultraviolet(UV)range,andfluorescent performance that can be modified by changing the heating *** patterning was sim-ply achieved by regulating the in-situ NCD synthesis regions,and thefluorescent patterns were formed within 10 ***-patterned woodfilms can effec-tively store and encrypt information,and they can interact with external information through a transparent *** work provides a green and efficient strategy for fabricatingfluorescent information storage and encryption materials.

关键词： carbon dots fluorescent pattern information encryption in-situ synthesis woodfilm

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Predicting the Thermal Behavior in Functional Textile Fibers Having Embedded Electronics

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Advanced Fiber Materials 2022年第6期4卷 1609-1619页

作者： Shaun Berry Shawn Redmond Tairan Wang Mordechai Rothschild MIT Lincoln laboratory 244 Wood StreetLexingtonMA 02421USA

In this paper,both steady-state and transient thermal simulations were performed on functional fibers having an embedded electronic chip acting as a heat *** were conducted for a range of different fiber materials and arbitrary fiber cross-sectional *** show that under steady-state heating conditions,the thermal response for any arbitrary fiber shape and fiber material system was convection dominated regardless of the effective thermal conductivity of the fiber,and that the corresponding temperature rise within the fiber can be predicted analytically allowing for the maximum temperature to be estimated for any known heat load and fiber *** the case of transient heating,we show that for pulsed power operation of the embedded electronic device,the maximum temperature reached in the fiber is always greater than the maximum temperature of the equivalent steady-state average ***,high peak powers can be safely achieved if the power-on pulse time and duty cycle are selected to limit the maximum temperature reached in the *** on the results from the transient simulations,a set of criteria was developed to determine whether the operating conditions would be:(1)allowable for the fiber system,thus requiring no transient simulations,(2)requiring a transient simulation to verify that the maximum temperature is acceptable,and(3)the operating conditions are too severe and device operation at these conditions are not practical.

关键词： Functional fibers Smart fibers Thermal modeling Fabrics MOEMS

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Hybrid ecophysiological growth model for deciduous Populus tomentosa plantation in northern China

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Forest Ecosystems 2025年第1期12卷 112-120页

作者： Serajis Salekin Mark Bloomberg Benye Xi Jinqiang Liu Yang Liu Doudou Li Euan G.Mason Scion Research(New Zealand Forest Research Institute Ltd.) Rotorua3046New Zealand New Zealand School of Forestry University of CanterburyChristchurch8140New Zealand State Key laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China Key laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem Research in Arid-and Semi-Arid Region of National Forestry and Grassland Administration Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China Key laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China Institute of Medicinal Plant Development Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100193China

Short rotation plantation forestry(SRF)is being widely adopted to increase wood production,in order to meet global demand for wood ***,to ensure maximum gains from SRF,optimised management regimes need to be established by integrating robust predictions and an understanding of mechanisms underlying tree *** ecophysiological models,such as potentially useable light sum equation(PULSE)models,are useful tools requiring minimal input data that meet the requirements of *** models have been tested and calibrated for different evergreen conifers and broadleaves at both juvenile and mature stages of tree growth with coarse soil and climate ***,it is prudent to question:can adding detailed soil and climatic data reduce errors in this type of model?In addition,PULSE techniques have not been used to model deciduous species,which are a challenge for ecophysiological models due to their *** study developed a PULSE model for a clonal Populus tomentosa plantation in northern China using detailed edaphic and climatic *** results showed high precision and low bias in height(m)and basal area(m^(2)·ha^(-1))*** detailed edaphoclimatic data produce highly precise predictions and a good mechanistic understanding,the study suggested that local climatic data could also be *** study showed that PULSE modelling in combination with coarse level of edaphic and local climate data resulted in reasonably precise tree growth prediction and minimal bias.

关键词： Growth-yield model Populus species Hybrid ecophysiological modelling Deciduous trees Phenology

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