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Using FTIR spectroscopy to detect sericin on historic silk

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Science China Chemistry 2010年第3期53卷 625-630页

作者： WYETH Paul Textile Conservation Centre University of Southampton Winchester Campus

Silks represent some of the most precious ancient and historic textile artefacts in collections *** optimum preservation demands an appreciation of their *** important concern,especially with regard to ancient Chinese silks,is whether the fabrics have been *** with remnant sericin gum coating the fibroin fibres would require different conservation *** previous research on aged silks,the presence of sericin has been inferred from amino acid analysis of *** the study reported here,the potential of FTIR spectroscopy to provide a simpler and rapid method of detecting sericin on silk has been *** fibroin and sericin exhibit singular IR *** total reflectance spectroscopy was found to highlight the sericin coating more effectively than transmission and reflectance *** particular peak intensity ratios were identified which might provide a quantitative estimate of the sericin content of new silk,to a sensitivity of 1%-2%.These were also shown to be valid indicators for the presence of sericin on artificially aged and archaeological silks,although quantitation was now not *** the peak intensity ratios,two signature peaks were also seen to be useful markers for silk fibroin,and their presence in a spectrum could be used to infer a degummed silk.

关键词： infrared spectroscopy attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy historic silk

Diet and medical foods in Parkinson’s disease

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2019年第2期8卷 83-95页

作者： Klaus W.Lange Yukiko Nakamura Ning Chen Jianjun Guo Shigehiko Kanaya Katharina M.Lange Shiming Li Department of Experimental Psychology University of RegensburgRegensburgGermany Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and MonitoringCollege of Health ScienceWuhan Sports UniversityWuhanChina China Institute of Sport Science BeijingChina Graduate School of Information Science Nara Institute of Science and TechnologyIkomaJapan Department of Psychology University of WinchesterWinchesterUnited Kingdom Department of Food Science Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJUSA

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorder with motor and non-motorsigns, which begins long before the diagnosis can be made. Pharmacotherapy with dopaminergic drugsis the mainstay of PD therapy. There is no currently available cure or disease-modifying treatment. Dietand various foods have been proposed as possible risk factors for PD. Nutritional supplementation withomega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, B vitamins, and coenzyme Q may have potential in the management ofPD. In addition, several strategies could possibly lead to the development of medical foods in PD. Forexample, ketogenic diets may have effects complementary to pharmacotherapy. Gut microbial dysbiosisand altered microbial metabolites found in PD may lead to chronic low-grade inflammation in gut andbrain. Interventions targeting gut microbiota, such as the supplementation of probiotics, may providenovel approaches to PD in regard to both symptomatic treatment and disease modification. High qualityrandomized controlled trials need to be conducted in order to evaluate whether these food-basedstrategies have symptomatic efficacy or the potential to delay the progression of PD.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease Diet Medical food Ketogenic diet Probiotics Prevention

Engineered Cleistogamy in Camelina sativa for bioconfinement

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Horticulture Research 2023年第2期10卷 275-285页

作者： Debao Huang Liwei Gao Jeremy McAdams Fangzhou Zhao Hongyan Lu Yonghui Wu Jeremy Martin Sherif MSherif Jayasankar Subramanian Hui Duan Wusheng Liu Department of Horticultural Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27607USA college of Life Sciences Ganzhou Normal UniversityGanzhouJiangxi 341000China National Center for Soybean Improvement State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210095China college of Food Science and Engineering Wuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhanHubei 430048China Sandhills Research Station North Carolina State UniversityJackson SpringsNC 27281USA Vineland Research Station Department of Plant AgricultureUniversity of GuelphVinland StationON LOR 2E0Canada Alson H.Smith Jr.Agricultural Research and Extension Center School of Plant and Environmental SciencesVirginia TechWinchesterVA 22602USA USDA-ARS U.S.National ArboretumFloral and Nursery Plants Research UnitBeltsville Agricultural Research Center(BARC)-WestBeltsvilleMD 20705USA

Camelina sativa is a self-pollinating and facultative outcrossing oilseed *** engineering has been used to improve camelina yield potential for altered fatty acid composition,modified protein profiles,improved seed and oil yield,and enhanced drought *** deployment of transgenic camelina in the field posits high risks related to the introgression of transgenes into nontransgenic camelina and wild ***,effective bioconfinement strategies need to be developed to prevent pollen-mediated gene f low(PMGF)from transgenic *** the present study,we overexpressed the cleistogamy(i.e.f loral petal non-openness)-inducing PpJAZ1 gene from peach in transgenic *** camelina overexpressing PpJAZ1 showed three levels of cleistogamy,affected pollen germination rates after anthesis but not during anthesis,and caused a minor silicle abortion only on the main *** also conducted field trials to examine the effects of the overexpressed PpJAZ1 on PMGF in the field,and found that the overexpressed PpJAZ1 dramatically inhibited PMGF from transgenic camelina to non-transgenic camelina under the field ***,the engineered cleistogamy using the overexpressed PpJAZ1 is a highly effective bioconfinement strategy to limit PMGF from transgenic camelina,and could be used for bioconfinement in other dicot species.

关键词： drought expressing limit

Revascularization and outcomes in Veterans with moderate to severe ischemia on myocardial perfusion imaging

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Military Medical Research 2017年第3期4卷 127-131页

作者： David E.winchester Alexander J.Bolanos Anita Wokhlu Rebecca J.Beyth Leslee J.Shaw Malcom Randall VAMC North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health System Division of Cardiovascular Medicine University of Florida College of Medicine Malcom Randall VAMC Department of Medicine University of Florida College of Medicine Division of General Internal Medicine University of Florida College of Medicine Division of Cardiology Emory University School of Medicine

Background： The prevalence of ischemia on nuclear myocardial perfusion imaging （MPI） has been decreasing. Recent research has questioned the benefit of invasive revascularization for patients with moderate to severe ischemia. We hypothesized that patients with moderate to severe ischemia could routinely undergo successful revascularization. Methods： We analyzed data from 544 patients who underwent an MPI at a single academic Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Patients with moderate to severe ischemia, defined as a summed difference score （SDS） 8 or greater, were compared to the rest of the cohort. Results： Of the total cohort （n=544）, 39 patients had MPI studies with resultant moderate to severe ischemia. Patients with ischemia were more likely to develop coronary artery disease （74.4% versus 38.8%, P〈0.0001） and have successful revascularization （38.5% versus 4.0%, P〈0.0001） during the following year. Revascularization was attempted in 31 patients with moderate to severe ischemia, though only 15（47%） of these attempts were successful, Ischemia was predictive of myocardial infarction （5.1% versus 0.8%, P=0.01） within I year. Conclusion： Moderate to severe ischemia is an uncommon finding in a contemporary nuclear laboratory. Among patients with ischemia, revascularization is typically attempted but is frequently unsuccessful. Trial registration： This trial does not appear on a registry as it is neither randomized nor prospective.

关键词： Myocardial ischemia Nuclear myocardial perfusion imaqinq Veterans Revascularization

Cardiovascular outcomes and mortality after abnormal myocardial perfusion scans in the elderly:a retrospective study at a tertiary care institution

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2023年第10期20卷 760-761页

作者： Shishir Gupta Sohum Sheth Sujay Kamisetty Marco Foreman David winchester University of Florida college of Medicine GainesvilleUSA Malcom Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center GainesvilleUSA

While the diagnostic and prognostic utility of single photon emission computed tomography(SPECT)myocardial perfusion scan(MPS)has been well established,[1,2]there is a paucity of literature evaluating SPECT MPS in elderly ***,it is unclear whether the prognostic value of MPS diminishes as patients get *** conducted this study to evaluate the role of SPECT MPS in risk-stratifying a large sample of elderly patients with or without known coronary artery disease(CAD)and hypothesized that abnormal MPS in patients over 75 years would be associated with a greater risk of all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiac events.

关键词： mortality perfusion coronary

Physician-level variation in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction and the use of angiography among veterans with elevated troponin

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Journal of Medical colleges of PLA(China) 2016年第3期31卷 129-133页

作者： David E.winchester Nayan Agarwal Lucas Burke Steven Bradley Tatiana Schember Carsten Schmalfuss Division of Cardiovascular Medicine University of Florida College of MedicineGainesville FLUSA Malcom Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center GainesvilleFLUSA Division of Cardiology Department of MedicineVA Eastern Colorado Health Care SystemDenverCOUSA Department of Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine at the Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraCOUSA.

Background:Cardiac troponin assays have improved the ability to detect myocardial ***,ascertaining whether troponin elevation is due to myocardial infarction(MI) or secondary to another process can be *** aim is to evaluate provider-level variation in the diagnosis of MI and the use of invasive coronary angiography(ICA) among patients with undifferentiated elevations in cardiac ***:We analyzed data from all patients with elevated troponin levels in a single Veterans Affairs(VA) Medical Center between 2006 and *** of several cardiologists prospectively evaluated each patient's presentation and course of *** compared the frequency of MI diagnosis and ICA use between physicians using univariate odds ratios(OR).Results:Among 761 patients,34.0% were diagnosed with MI and 25.9% underwent *** unadjusted rates of MI(23.9% to 56.7%,P=0.02) and ICA(17.3% to 73.3%,P<0.001) differed between *** the patient cohorts for each physician,baseline characteristics were similar except for chest *** multivariate regression,factors associated with the use of cardiac ICA included an abnormal electrocardiograph(ECG)(OR=1.89,P=0.014),level of troponin(OR=1.71,P=0.004),chest pain(OR=8.60,P<0.001),and care by non-VA physicians(OR=4.45,P=0.006).One physician had a lower ICA use(OR=0.56,P=0.017).In multivariate regression of MI,no physician-level variation was ***:Among patients with elevated troponin,the likelihood of being diagnosed with MI and undergoing ICA is dependent on their clinical *** adjustment,physician-level variation in care was observed for the use of ICA,but not for the diagnosis of MI.

关键词： Acute coronary syndrome Coronary angiography Variation in care Cardiac troponin

Genetic mechanisms of critical illness in Covid-19

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四川生理科学杂志 2020年第4期42卷 455-455页

作者： Erola Pairo-Castineira Roslin Institute University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK MRC Human Genetics Unit Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine University of Edinburgh Western General Hospital Edinburgh UK Genomics England London UK Centre for Inflammation Research The Queen’s Medical Research Institute University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine University of Edinburgh Western General Hospital Edinburgh UK Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility Western General Hospital University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK Intensive Care National Audit & Research Centre London UK Institute for Molecular Bioscience The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia Biostatistics Group School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China The Crick Institute London UK Intensive Care Unit Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK School of Life Sciences Westlake University Hangzhou China Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine Hangzhou China Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics University of Oxford Oxford UK Department of Medicine University of Cambridge Cambridge UK Department of Intensive Care Medicine Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust London UK School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences King’s College London London UK NIHR Health Protection Research Unit for Emerging and Zoonotic Infections Institute of Infection Veterinary and Ecological Sciences University of Liverpool Liverpool UK MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research Institute of Infection Immunity and Inflammation College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences University of Glasgow Glasgow UK William Harvey Research Institute Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London London UK Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford UK Clinical Research Centre at St Vincent’s University Hospital Un

Host-mediated lung inflammation is present,1 and drives mortality,2 in critical illness caused by *** genetic variants associated with critical illness may identify mechanistic targets for therapeutic development.3 Here we report the results of the GenOMICC(Genetics Of Mortality In Critical Care)genome-wide association study(GWAS)in 2244 critically ill Covid-19 patients from 208 UK intensive care units(ICUs).We identify and replicate novel genome-wide significant associations,on chr12q24.13(rs10735079,p=1.65[Formula:see text]10-8)in a gene cluster encoding antiviral restriction enzyme activators(OAS1,OAS2,OAS3),on chr19p13.2(rs2109069,p=2.3[Formula:see text]10-12)near the gene encoding tyrosine kinase 2(TYK2),on chr19p13.3(rs2109069,p=3.98[Formula:see text]10-12)within the gene encoding dipeptidyl peptidase 9(DPP9),and on chr21q22.1(rs2236757,p=4.99[Formula:see text]10-8)in the interferon receptor gene *** identify potential targets for repurposing of licensed medications:using Mendelian randomisation we found evidence in support of a causal link from low expression of IFNAR2,and high expression of TYK2,to life-threatening disease;transcriptome-wide association in lung tissue revealed that high expression of the monocyte/macrophage chemotactic receptor CCR2 is associated with severe *** results identify robust genetic signals relating to key host antiviral defence mechanisms,and mediators of inflammatory organ damage in *** mechanisms may be amenable to targeted treatment with existing ***-scale randomised clinical trials will be essential before any change to clinical practice.

关键词： lung drugs critical