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Plant Diversity 2025年第1期47卷 21-33页

作者： Liansheng Xu Zhuqiu Song Tian Li Zichao Jin Buyun Zhang Siyi Du Shuyuan Liao Xingjie Zhong Yousheng Chen Plant Science Research Center South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China Key Laboratory of National forestry and Grassland administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China Guangzhou 510650China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Central-Southern Safety and Environment Technology Institute Co. LTDWuhan 430064China

Saussurea is one of the largest and most rapidly evolving genera within the Asteraceae,comprising approximately 520 species from the Northern Hemisphere.A comprehensive infrageneric classification,supported by robust phylogenetic trees and corroborated by morphological and other data,has not yet been *** the first time,we recovered a well-resolved nuclear phylogeny of Saussurea consisting of four main clades,which was also supported by morphological *** analyses show that ancient hybridization is the most likely source of deep cytoplasmic-nuclear conflict in Saussurea,and a phylogeny based on nuclear data is more suitable than one based on chloroplast data for exploring the infrageneric classification of *** on the nuclear phylogeny obtained and morphological characters,we proposed a revised infrageneric taxonomy of Saussurea,which includes four subgenera and 13 ***,1)***,***,***,and *** were moved from *** to ***,2)*** was moved from *** to ***,and 3)*** was moved from *** to ***.

关键词： Asteraceae Morphology Next-generation sequencing Phylogenomics Subgenus

Influence of dietary feathers on the fecal microbiota in captive Arctic fox:Do dietary hair or feathers play a role in the evolution of carnivorous mammals?

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Integrative Zoology 2014年第5期9卷 583-589页

作者： Liang ZHANG Shuhui YANG Yanchun XU Thomas D.DAHMER College of wildlife Resources Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbinHeilongjiangChina State forestry administration Detecting Center of wildlife HarbinChina Ecosystems Ltd. AberdeenHong KongChina

Hair and feathers are composed of keratin and are indigestible, inalimental and unpalatable for carnivores. However, carnivores often ingest hair and feathers during feeding or when grooming. We hypothesized that ingestion of hair and feathers changes species diversity and relative abundance of bacteria in the gut of carnivores. To test this hypothesis, we added disinfected poultry down feathers to the normal diet of captive Arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus). We then used fluorescently labeled terminal restriction fragments (T-RFs) to examine changes in fecal bacterial diversity and abundance. The results showed that the number of bacterial species increased significantly after feather ingestion, but that total abundance was unchanged. This demonstrated that addition of disinfected feathers to the diet stimulated increased production among less abundant bacteria, resulting in a balancing of relative abundance of different bacterial species, or that some newly-ingested microbial species would colonize the gut because a suitable microhabitat had become available. This implies that the overall production of bacterial metabolites would be made up of a greater range of substances after feather ingestion. On one hand, the host’s immune response would be more diverse, increasing the capacity of the immune system to regulate gut microflora. On the other hand, the animal’s physiological performance would also be affected. For wild animals, such altered physiological traits would be subjected to natural selection, and, hence, persistent geographic differences in the character of ingested feathers or fur would drive speciation.

关键词： carnivore diet evolution feather gut microbiota

Tree growth decline to warm-wet conditions in boreal forests is linked to stand density

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Forest Ecosystems 2025年第1期 74-82页

作者： Bingqian Zhao Yihong Zhu Lushuang Gao Qibing Zhang Mingqian Liu Klaus von Gadow Research Center of Forest Management Engineering of State forestry and Grassland administration Beijing Forestry University State forestry and Grassland administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources&Environmental Management Beijing Forestry University Department of Environmental Science Policy and ManagementUniversity of California State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Wood Technology Ghent University Faculty of forestry and Forest Ecology Georg-August-University G?ttingen Department of forestry and Wood Science Faculty of AgriSciencesStellenbosch University

Warm-wet climatic conditions are widely regarded as conducive to remarkable tree growth, alleviating climatic pressures. However, the notable decline in tree growth observed in the southern edge of boreal forests has heightened concerns over the spatial-temporal dynamics of forest decline. Currently, attaining a comprehensive grasp of the underlying patterns and their propelling factors remains a formidable challenge. We collected tree ring samples from a network of 50 sites across the Greater Xing'an Mountains. These samples were subsequently grouped into two distinct clusters, designated as Groups A and B. The percentage change of growth(GC, %) and the proportion of declining sites were utilized to assess forest decline. The decline in tree growth within Larix gmelinii forests exhibits significant regional variation, accompanied by temporal fluctuations even within a given region. Group A exhibited a pronounced increase in frequency(59.26%) of occurrences and encountered more severe declines(21.65%) in tree growth subsequent to the 1990s, contrasting sharply with Group B, which observed lower frequencies(20.00%) and relatively less severe declines(21.02%) prior to the 1980s. The primary impetus underlying the opposite radial growth increments observed in Larix gmelinii trees from the interplay between their differential response to temperatures and wetter climatic conditions, which is significantly influenced by varying stand densities. In cold-dry conditions, low-density forests may experience soil water freezing,exacerbating drought conditions and thereby inhibiting tree growth, in Group B. Trees growth in high-density stands is restrained by warm-wet conditions, in Group A. These results provide new insights into the variability at the southern edge of the boreal forest biome with different responses to density and climate.

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Using Head Patch Pattern as a Reliable Biometric Character for Noninvasive Individual Recognition of an Endangered Pitviper Protobothrops mangshanensis

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Asian Herpetological Research 2013年第2期4卷 134-139页

作者： Daode YANG Sikan CHEN Yuanhui CHEN Yuying YAN Institute of wildlife Conservation Central South University of Forestry and Technology Hunan Mangshan National Nature Reserve administration

Mangshan pitviper, Protobothrops mangshanensis （formerly Zhaoermia mangshanensis） is endemic to China. Unfortunately, due to the decreasing size of its wild populations, this snake has been listed as critically endangered. Re- search carried out on the Mangshan pitviper＇s population ecology and captive reproduction has revealed that the unique head patch patterns of different individuals may potentially be used as a noninvasive recognition biometric character. We collected head patch pattern images of 40 individuals of P. mangshanensis between 1994 and 2011. By comparing each pitviper＇s head patch pattern, we found that the head patch pattern of individual snakes was different and unique. Additionally, we observed and recorded the head patch pattern characters of four adults and five juveniles before and af- ter ecdysis. Our findings confirmed that head patch patterns of Mangshan pitvipers are unique and stable, remaining un- changed after ecdysis. Thus, individuals can be quickly identified by examining the head patch pattern within a specific recognition area on the head. This method may be useful for noninvasive individual recognition in many other species that display color patch pattern variations, especially in studies of endangered species where the use of invasive marking techniques is undesirable.

关键词： biometric identification endangered snake head patch pattern Mangshan pitviper noninvasive individualrecognition image analysis natural markings

Simultaneous polyandry and heteropaternity in tiger(Panthera tigris altaica):Implications for conservation of genetic diversity in captive populations of felids

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第17期58卷 2230-2236页

作者： LIU Dan MA Yue LI HuiYi XU YanChun ZHANG Yan DAHMER Thomas BAI SuYing WANG Jian Heilongjiang Siberian Tiger Park State forestry administration Detecting Center of wildlife College of Wildlife ResourcesNortheast Forestry University Ecosystems Ltd. Forensic Laboratory of Public Security Department of Heilongjiang Province

Male tigers(Panthera tigris altaica) in captivity copulate alternatively with an estrous female,suggesting a potential for heteropaternity as an effective reproductive strategy to maximize genetic diversity of *** analyzed microsatellites to test and compare the genetic output of multiple male mating(simultaneous polyandry) and single male mating(monogamy) with a female in a captive *** polyandry resulted in heteropaternity in 66.7% observed *** significant differences between parental populations and between offspring populations were detected in the number of alleles(A),expected heterozygosity(H e),number of effective alleles(N e) per locus and standard individual heterozygosity(SH)(P>0.05 for all 4 indexes).Comparisons showed no significant reduction of A,H o,H e and SH from parental population to offspring population for the two mating modes(P>0.05) except for SH in polyandrous families(P=0.029).However,such reduction was equivalent to single mating families when the influence of relatedness was eliminated using effective SH(E SH)(P>0.05).These results highlight an alternative strategy for managing captive populations of tiger and other wild felids in which animals are combined at one location allowing for copulation by multiple males to encourage heteropaternity in favor of maintained genetic diversity among offspring.

关键词：遗传多样性保护圈养种群猫科动物东北虎一夫一妻制等位基因数 Pgt 杂合度

Risks involved in fecal DNA-based genotyping of microsatellite loci in the Amur tiger Panthera tigris altaica:a pilot study

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Journal of forestry Research 2018年第2期29卷 517-523页

作者： Xue Zhang Yanchun Xu Hui Liu Guangshun Jiang Feline Research Center of Chinese State forestry administration College of Wildlife ResourcesNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040HeilongjiangPeople’s Republic of China Ocean and Fishery bureau of Weifang Binhai Economic and Technological Development Zone Weifang 261108ShandongPeople’s Republic of China

In modern wildlife ecological research,feces is the most common non-invasive source of DNA obtained in the field and polymerase chain reaction(PCR) technology based on microsatellite markers is used to mine genetic information contained *** is especially the case for endangered ***,there are risks associated with this genotyping method because of the poor quality of fecal *** this study,we assessed genotyping risk across 12 microsatellite loci commonly used in previous tiger studies using blood and fecal DNA from captive Amur tigers(Panthera tigris altaica).To begin,we developed an index termed the accumulated matching rate of genotypes(R)between positive DNA(blood samples) and fecal DNA to explore the correct genotyping probability of a certain microsatellite *** found that different microsatelliteloci had different genotyping risks and required different PCR amplification *** genotyping errors we detected altered population genetic parameters and potentially impact subsequent *** on these findings,we recommend that:(1) four loci(E7,Fca094,Pti007 and Pti010) of 12 loci are not suitable for Amur tiger genetic research because of a low Rand difficulty reaching a stable status;(2) the Rof the 12 microsatellite loci plateaued differently,and considering limited budgets,amplification times of some loci could be increased when using fecal samples; and(3) future genetic analysis of wild Amur tigers should be corrected by genotyping error rates(1-R).

关键词： Amur tiger Genotyping risk Microsatellite Non-invasive sample

Population and genetic diversity of Tibetan red deer based on fecal DNA

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Journal of forestry Research 2018年第1期29卷 227-232页

作者： Hejiao Hu Bo Xing Miao Yang Hamenya Mpemba Zhonghai Lv Minghai Zhang College of wildlife Resources Northeast Forestry University

The Tibet Shannan Red Deer Nature Reserve is the center of the geographic distribution of Tibetan red deer. This paper presents the results of DNA analysis of 199 red deer fecal pellet groups collected during 2013 and 2014 during the green-plant period. We successfully extracted DNA from 87 DNA pellet groups and determined individual identification with 12 microsatellite loci. We evaluated the genetic diversity of the population and various population estimates with Capwire in R software. The87 successfully extracted pellet groups were from 50 individuals. In the population, the average number of alleles was 7.58 ± 0.18, the average effective number of alleles was 4.58 ± 0.15, and average polymorphism information content was 0.67 ± 0.01. Among the 12 loci,only T123 was moderately polymorphic; the other 11 loci were highly polymorphic. Expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.45 to 0.91, with an average of 0.72 ± 0.01, and average observed heterozygosity was 0.52 ± *** Tibetan red deer remains endangered, the high genetic diversity indicates that this population has a good chance of recovery. This study provided insight that could be used by the local forestry department to develop programs to protect Tibetan red deer.

关键词： Fecal DNA Individual identification Population Tibetan red deer

A male-specific SCAR DNA marker and sex ratio of seedlings in salak(Salacca zalacca ***)

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Journal of forestry Research 2017年第1期28卷 47-50页

作者： Rongsheng Li Jianguang Li Guangtian Yin Jinchang Yang Wentao Zou Lei Bai Research Institute of Tropical forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry forestry bureau of Huicheng District Huizhou City

A male-specific SCAR DNA marker was developed using a RAPD DNA marker specific for male plants of Salacca zalacca var. zalacca （salak palm）. The marker is 1579 bp long and has a GC content of 38.5 %. Its sequence contains 1 or 2 open reading frames, indicating the marker is probably a coding region. No highly similar sequences were found in a search of the GenBank database. Sexes were identified using the SCAR DNA marker for three kinds of seedlings grouped by the number of seeds per fruit （1, 2 or 3）. The sex ratio of female to male did not differ significantly from 1：1 for the three kinds of seedlings, implying that the number of seeds per fruit is not a reliable index to identify the sex of a seedling.

关键词： Salacca Salak SCAR. Sex

A New Species of the Amolops mantzorum Group (Anura: Ranidae: Amolops) from Northwestern Hunan Province, China

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Asian Herpetological Research 2023年第1期14卷 54-64页

作者： Tianyu QIAN Jianjun XIANG Jianping JIANG Daode YANG Jian GUI Institute of wildlife Conservation Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004HunanChina administration bureau of Hunan Badagongshan National Nature Reserve Sangzhi 427100HunanChina Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041SichuanChina

We described anew species of the Amolops mantzorum group(Anura:Ranidae) from northwestern Hunan Province,China based on morphological and molecular *** new species differs from its congeners by a combination of the following characteristics:moderate body size of SVL 403-409 mm in adult males(N=3),and 52.6-57.7 mm in adult females(N=3);head length about equal to or larger than head width(HDL/HDW 1.01-1.03);skin on dorsum smooth;dorsolateral folds absent,but developed a series of elongated glands forming an incomplete line;dense small spiny tubercles on lower flanks,and sparse flat tubercles on upper flanks;skin on belly slightly granular,posterior half of ventral surface of thigh glandular;tympanum indistinct,small,covered by glandular skin;presence of dense spiny tubercles around the mouth corner;vomerine teeth present,attached on two oblique ridges;presence of supernumerary tubercles below the bases of fingers Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ;several protruding tubercles around the cloacal region,with a pair of larger tubercles on sides of the anus;webs on each side of toe Ⅳ reaches the region between third subarticular tubercle and digit;and absence of vocal sacs and linea masculine in males.

关键词： Amolops sangzhiensis sp.nov. morphology phylogeny taxonomy torrent frogs

Amur tiger stripes:individual identification based on deep convolutional neural network

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Integrative Zoology 2020年第6期15卷 461-470页

作者： Chunmei SHI Dan LIU Yonglu CUI Jiajun XIE Nathan James ROBERTS Guangshun JIANG Department of Mathematics School of ScienceNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbinChina Feline Research Center National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationCollege of Wildlife and Protected AreasNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbinChina Siberian Tiger Park HarbinHeilongjiangChina

The automatic individual identification of Amur tigers(Panthera tigris altaica)is important for population monitoring and making effective conservation *** existing research primarily relies on manual identifi-cation,which does not scale well to large *** this paper,the deep convolution neural networks algorithm is constructed to implement the automatic individual identification for large numbers of Amur tiger *** experimental data were obtained from 40 Amur tigers in Tieling Guaipo Tiger Park,*** number of images collected from each tiger was approximately 200,and a total of 8277 images were *** experiments were carried out on both the left and right side of *** results suggested that the recognition accuracy rate of left and right sides are 90.48%and 93.5%,*** accuracy of our network has achieved the similar level compared to other state of the art networks like LeNet,ResNet34,and ZF_*** running time is much shorter than that of other ***,this study can provide a new approach on automatic individual identification technology in the case of the Amur tiger.

关键词： Amur tiger deep convolutional neural network individual identification stripe feature