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Risk of permanent medical impairment after road traffic crashes: A systematic review

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中华创伤杂志:英文版 2023年第5期26卷 267-275页

作者： Mahla Babaie Mohammadamin Joulani Mohammad Hosein Ranjbar Hameghavandi Mohammad Hossein Asgardoon Marzieh Nojomi Gerard MO'Reilly Morteza Gholami Zahra Ghodsi Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Student Research Committee Faculty of MedicineIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Universal Scientific Education and Research Network TehranIran Iranian Student Society for Immunodeficiencies Students'Scientific Research CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Preventive Medicine and public health Research Center Psychosocial Health Research InstituteDepartment of Community and Family MedicineIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of Sociology&Anthropology Nipissing UniversityNorth BayOntarioCanada School of public health and Preventive Medicine Monash UniversityMelbourneAustralia Emergency and Trauma Centre The AlfredMelbourneAustralia National Trauma Research Institute The AlfredMelbourneAustralia Metabolic Disorders Research Center Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center Neuroscience InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of Neurosurgery Shariati Hospita Tehran Univerty of MedicalSciencesTeranra Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics University of TehranTehranIran

Purpose:To systematically review the risk of permanent disability related to road traffic injuries(RTIs)and to determine the implications for future research regarding permanent impairment following road traffic ***:We conducted this systematic review according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis *** extended search of the literature was carried out in 4 major electronic databases for scientific research papers published from January 1980 to February *** teams include 2 reviewers each,screened independently the titles/abstracts,and after that,reviewed the full text of the included *** quality of the studies was assessed using the strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology(STROBE)checklist.A third reviewer was assessed any discrepancy and all data of included studies were ***,the data were systematically analyzed,and the related data were ***:Five out of 16 studies were evaluated as high-quality according to the STROBE *** studies ranked the initial injuries according to the abbreviated injury scale *** studies reported the total risk of permanent medical impairment following RTIs which varied from 2%to 23%for car occupants and 2.8%to 46%for *** studies reported the risk of permanent medical impairment of the different body *** studies stated the most common body region to develop permanent impairment,of which 6 studies demonstrated that injuries of the cervical spine and neck were at the highest risk of becoming permanent ***:The finding of this review revealed the necessity of providing a globally validated method to evaluate permanent medical impairment following RTIs across the *** would facilitate decisionmaking about traffic injuries and efficient management to reduce the financial and psychological burdens for individuals and communities.

关键词： Morbidity Wounds and injuries Automobiles Motor vehicles Accidents Traffic

A GAN based method for multiple prohibited items synthesis of X-ray security image

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Optoelectronics Letters 2021年第2期17卷 112-117页

作者： LI Da-shuang HU Xiao-bing ZHANG Hai-gang YANG Jin-feng Tianjin Key Laboratory for Advanced Signal Processing Civil Aviation University of ChinaTianjin 300300China Institute of Applied Artificial Intelligence of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater bay Area Shenzhen PolytechnicShenzhen 518055China

Detecting prohibited item based on convolutional neural networks(CNNs) is of great significance to ensure public safety. However, the natural occurrence of such prohibited items is a small-probability event, collecting enough datasets to support CNN training is a big challenge. In this paper, we propose a new method for synthesizing X-ray security image with multiple prohibited items from semantic label images basing on Generative Adversarial Networks(GANs). Theoretically, we can use it to synthesize as many X-ray images as needed. A new generator architecture with Res 2 Net is presented, which is more effective in learning multi-scale features of different prohibited items images. This method is extended by establishing the semantic label library which contains 14 000 images. So we totally synthesize 14 000 Xray security images. The experimental results show the super performance(Fréchet Inception Distance(FID) score of 30.55). And we achieve 0.825 of mean average precision(m AP) with Single Shot Multi Box Detector(SSD) for object detection, demonstrating the effectiveness of our approach.

关键词： image method synthesis

The effect of health literacy level on health outcomes in patients with diabetes at a type v health centre in Western Jamaica

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2017年第3期4卷 266-270页

作者： Sherryon Gordon Singh Joyette Aiken The University of the West Indies Mona-Western Jamaica Campus10 Queens DriveWhite Sands P.O.Montego BaySt.JamesJamaica

Objective:To identify the effects of health literacy levels on health outcomes in patients with diabetes in a type V health center in Western ***:A correlational survey design with a random sampling technique was *** 18-item questionnaire and the Newest Vital Sign tool were administered to 88 consenting adults with diabetes to assess their health literacy *** health outcomes were evaluated with docket *** were analyzed using SPSS version ***:The participants were predominantly female(77.3%),aged 51-70 years,married(44%),employed(46%),and diagnosed with diabetes>10 years(42%).Only 13.6%of the study population was adequately health *** health literacy scores for gender were not significant(P=0.84).The health literacy scores of the patients with different ages and educational levels were significant(Phealth literacy scores and health outcome(r=0.185,P=0.084).Conclusion:Limited health literacy and high likelihood of limited health literacy are predominant in the study *** and educational level are significantly associated with health literacy ***,these findings suggest no association between health literacy level and diabetic health outcomes.

关键词： Diabetes Mellitus health literacy health outcome

Assessment of Municipal Solid Waste Management for Better-Quality public health and Environmental Sustainability in the Freetown Metropolitan City in Sierra Leone

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2021年第4期9卷 33-49页

作者： Tamba Komba Geology Department Fourah Bay College University of Sierra Leone Freetown Sierra Leone

Managing waste has been an aged-old challenge, especially in developing cities, like the Freetown Metropolitan City. Solid Waste and/or waste in general is an artefact of human activities that can spring from individuals, families, community, commercial/industrial operations etc. This study is a qualitative investigation, and it is intended to gather an inclusive knowledge of solid wastes management for better public health in Freetown, the Capital City of Sierra Leone. Statistical analysis was employed to observe numerical representations on a wide range of selected data. In an attempt to achieve the aim of this research project, reviews of available online resources were exploited, and juxtaposed with everyday knowledge in the existing state of the Freetown’s municipality solid waste management. The study revealed that residents in Freetown produce an average 0.45 kg of solid waste per individual per day. It was further established that biodegradable/organic matters comprise approximately 75% to 85% of total waste stream along with assorted retired furniture, scarp metals and plastic bags as most important recyclable elements. The hitches connected with municipal solid waste management in Freetown have become palpable, spanning from the past decade to date. Among many other factors, an upsurge influx urbanisation after the 11 years brutal civil war that ended in 2001, combine up with insufficient approved dumping sites for waste disposal and institutional incapability stand out. In this project, the contemporary approach of solid waste disposal in Freetown was carefully assessed with efforts to bring out the most feasible alternatives of solid waste disposal and acclaim ways of refining its activities. It was concluded from the study that, solid wastes in the Freetown Municipality must be tackled in a synergetic approach. That is, government corroborating with private solid waste managing actors so as to enhance an excellent better-public health, sustainable envir

关键词： Municipality Solid Waste Management Sustainable public health Environmental Development

Changes in the small-jellyfish community in recent decades in Jiaozhou bay, China

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2012年第4期30卷 507-518页

作者：孙松李颖虹孙晓霞 Jiaozhou bay Marine Ecosystem Research Station Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of Sciences Bureau of Science and Technology for Resources and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

We used long term monitoring data to evaluate changes in abundance and species dominance of small-jellyfish (collected with zooplankton net whose bell diameter was less than 5 cm) between 1991 and 2009 in the Jiaozhou bay, China. Zooplankton samples were vertically towed with conical plankton net from near-bottom to surface, identified microscopically, and mapped in time-space using Grapher 7.0 and Surfer 8.0. Results show that the abundance of small-jellyfish throughout the bay had been increasing during 2001-2009 on average of 15.2 ind./m 3 , almost 5 times higher than that between 1991 and 2000. The occurrence of peak abundance shifted from spring to summer after 2000, and two peaks appeared in spring and summer, respectively, after 2005. Both the abundance and the frequency of blooms of small-jellyfish increased after 2000 in the bay. In addition, the biodiversity of jellyfish has increased significantly in recent years with a change in dominant species. Several new dominant species appeared after 2000, including Rathkae octopunctata in winter, Phialidium hemisphaericum in spring, summer, and autumn, Phialucium carolinae in spring, and Pleurobrachia globosa in summer and autumn, while some previous dominant species throughout the 1990s (Eirene ceylonensis, Zanclea costata, Lovenella assimilis, and Muggiaea atlantica) were no longer dominant after 2000. The abundance of small-jellyfish was positively correlated with the density of dinoflagellates, and the abundance of zooplankton. We believe that the changes in smalljellyfish abundance and species composition were the result of eutrophication, aquaculture and coastal construction activities around the bay. Concurrently, seawater warming and salinity decrease in recent decades promoted the growth and reproduction of small-jellyfish in the bay.

关键词： jellyfish abundance species composition Jiaozhou bay

Accelerated recruitment of copepod Calanus hyperboreus in pelagic slope waters of the western Arctic Ocean

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2018年第5期37卷 87-95页

作者： XU Zhiqiang ZHANG Guangtao SUN Song Jiaozhou bay Marine Ecosystem Research Station Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China

Shelf-basin advection is essential to subsistence of the Arctic copepod Calanus hyperboreus population in high basin area. Its abundance, population structure and body size in pelagic layer were investigated with samples collected over a large range in the western Arctic Ocean during summer 2003, to evaluate the geographical variation in recruitment pattern. Calanus hyperboreus was absent from the shallow areas of the Chukchi Sea and most abundant in the slope area between the Chukchi Sea and Chukchi Abyssal Plain（CS-slope）. Total abundance varied between 1 110.0 and 5 815.0 ind./m^2 in the CS-slope area and ranged from 40.0 to 950.0 ind./m^2 in the other areas. Early stages（CI–IV） dominated in the CS-slope area, whereas CV and adult females were frequently recorded only in deep basin areas. Geographical difference of prosome length was most evident in CIII,with average ranging from 2.48 to 2.61 mm at the CS-slope stations and 2.16–2.37 mm at the others. Abundance of early developmental stages（CI–CIV） correlated positively with Chl a concentration, but negative correlation was observed in late stages（CV–adult）. Our results indicated that C. hyperboreus can benefit from primary production increase through accelerated development in the first growth season and the productive CS-slope area is a potential source for slope-basin replenishment.

关键词： continental slope prosome length population structure food availability life cycle

Validation of an epilepsy management smartphone application in Pakistan

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Acta Epileptologica 2022年第1期5卷 36-41页

作者： Victor Patterson Awais Bashir Larik Mohamed Zaman Soomro Steve Coates Department of Medicine University of KhartoumKhartoumSudan Department of Neurology Peoples UniversityNawabshah 67450Pakistan Epilepsy Medicare Foundation NawabshahPakistan TeleEEG Whitley Bay NE258EEUK

Background:There is no single way to improve epilepsy care in low-and middle-income countries(LMICs).An epilepsy management aid application(app)has been described,which enables a non-physician health worker(NPHW)to communicate with an epilepsy specialist using a *** this study,we aimed to assess the validity and quality of this care system in building connections between NPHWs and specialists in Pakistan and the ***:A NPHW in Pakistan used the app on a series of referrals and sent the app-generated summary by email to a neurologist in the UK,who replied and suggested possible *** were later seen in a face-to-face(FF)manner by the UK neurologist and a local neurologist,and diagnostic accuracy and quality parameters were ***:Over 10 months,59 patients were recruited and 33 of them were available for FF *** misdiagnosis rate of the app was 6%(2 cases).Treatment advice provided by the app was judged appropriate in 32 patients(97%).In addition,46%of the referrals were completed within 2h and 85%within ***:Consistent with an earlier study,this system is a safe method to provide care for patients who cannot access neurological services in *** addition,it has advantage of timeliness compared to FF assessment and requires less specialist time,both of which are especially important during the coronavirus disease 2019 *** system can be generalised easily,depending on the willingness of referrers and specialists to use it.

关键词： epilepsy smart application

DAPR-tree: a distributed spatial data indexing scheme with data access patterns to support Digital Earth initiatives

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第12期13卷 1656-1671页

作者： Jizhe Xia Sicheng Huang Shaobiao Zhang Xiaoming Li Jianrong Lyu Wenqun Xiu Wei Tu Guangdong Key Laboratory for Urban Informatics Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spatial Smart Sensing and ServicesResearch Institute for Smart CitiesDepartment of Urban InformaticsSchool of Architecture and Urban PlanningShenzhen UniversityShenzhenPeople’s Republic of China Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy(SZ) ShenzhenPeople’s Republic of China Key Laboratory for Geo-Environmental Monitoring of Great bay Area MNRShenzhen UniversityShenzhenPeople’s Republic of China College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenPeople’s Republic of China Shenzhen Urban public Safety and Technology Institute ShenzhenPeople’s Republic of China

This paper proposes a novel data indexing scheme,the distributed access pattern R-tree(DAPR-tree),for spatial data retrieval in a distributed computing *** compared to traditional distributed indexing schemes,the DAPR-tree introduces the data access patterns during the indexing utilization stage so that a more balanced indexing structure can be provided for spatial applications(*** Earth data warehouse).In this new indexing scheme,(a)an indexing penalty matrix is proposed by considering the balance of data number,topology and access load between different indexing nodes;(b)an‘access possibility’element is integrated to a classic‘Master-Client’structure for a distributed indexing environment;and(c)indexing algorithm for the DAPR-tree is provided for index *** using a duplication of official GEOSS Clearinghouse system as a case study,the DAPR-tree was evaluated in a number of *** results show that our indexing schemes generally outperform(around 9%)traditional distributed indices with the utilization of data access ***,we discuss the applicability of the DARP-tree and document DARP-tree shortcomings to encourage researchers pursuing related topics in Big Data indexing for Digital Earth and other geospatial initiatives.

关键词： Big Data cloud computing spatial index spatiotemporal pattern R-tree national spatial data infrastructure database

Overcoming antibiotic resistance through efficient and scalable total synthesis

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National Science Review 2022年第11期9卷 7-8页

作者： Yang Jiao Tuoping Luo Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Ministry of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular ScienceCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking University Institute of Molecular Physiology Shenzhen Bay Laboratory

Bacterial ribosome has served as an important target for antibiotics that are essential to public health, such as erythromycins, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, pleuromutilin and fusidic acid, all with natural origin [1].The structural complexity of these natural products has posed significant challenges to total synthesis, especially in an efficient and scalable manner,

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