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Genomic analysis provides insights into the westward expansion of domesticated peaches in China

Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第2期10卷 367-375页

作者： Wenqing Li Yong Li Xinwei Wang Guoqing Zhao Gengrui Zhu Ke Cao Weichao Fang Jinlong Wu Kai Ma Changwen Chen Lirong Wang Zhengzhou Fruit research institute CAASZhengzhouHennan 450009China Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences UrumqiXinjiang 830091China western research institute CAASChangjiXinjiang 831100China

Peach, an economically important model plant of the Rosaceae family, has been domesticated and cultivated in China for approximately5 000 years. The Hexi Corridor, an important corridor connecting east-central China and the Tarim Basin, is the starting point of the Silk Road that links China and the Eurasian region. As a globally distributed fruit tree, the spread of peach was accomplished through historical trade routes in the Hexi Corridor and the Tarim Basin. However, knowledge of peach genetic diversity in these regions remains limited. In this study,we examined the relationships and the spread history of domesticated peaches through sequencing and genomic analysis of 161 peach accessions collected from Northwest China, including 43 from the Hexi Corridor and 104 from the Tarim Basin. The results indicate that peach landraces in the Hexi Corridor and the Tarim Basin are derivatives of peaches from the east and south of China (ESC). Notably, the genetic diversity of accessions from both the Hexi Corridor and the Tarim Basin was lower than that of ESC accessions. Reduction of diversity (ROD) and linkage disequilibrium (LD) analyses detected a genetic bottleneck in peaches from these regions. Additionally, these peaches have undergone varying degrees of selection from natural environment. Moreover, genes responsive to biotic and abiotic stresses were under selection, which could be the result of the climate change of Northwest China after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Our findings provide a better understanding of the genetic basis of peach migration in Northwest China. Furthermore, this study expands the available genomic data for peaches and provides critical information for future peach breeding programs.

关键词： Peach Hexi corridor Tarim Basin Genetic diversity Gene flow

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What is the Role of Gravity,Turbulence and Magnetic Fields in High-mass Star Formation Clouds?

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research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 21-27页

作者： An-Xu Luo Hong-Li Liu Guang-Xing Li Sirong Pan Dong-Ting Yang School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China South-western institute for Astronomy research Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China

To explore the potential role of gravity,turbulence and magnetic fields in high-mass star formation in molecular clouds,this study revisits the velocity dispersion–size(σ–L)and density–size(ρ–L)scalings and the associated turbulent energy spectrum using an extensive data *** sample includes various hierarchical density structures in high-mass star formation clouds,across scales of 0.01–100 *** observeσ∝L^(0.26)andρ∝L^(-1.54)scalings,converging toward a virial equilibrium state.A nearly flat virial parameter–mass(α_(vir)-M)distribution is seen across all density scales,withα_(vir)values centered around unity,suggesting a global equilibrium maintained by the interplay between gravity and turbulence across multiple *** turbulent energy spectrum(E(k))analysis,based on theσ–L andρ–L scalings,yields a characteristic E(k)∝k^(-1.52).These findings indicate the potential significance of gravity,turbulence,and possibly magnetic fields in regulating dynamics of molecular clouds and high-mass star formation therein.

关键词： ISM:clouds stars:formation stars:kinematics and dynamics

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Effects of Milling Methods on Rice Flour Properties and Rice Product Quality:A Review

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Rice science 2024年第1期31卷 33-46页

作者： TIAN Yu SUN Jing LI Jiaxin WANG Aixia NIE Mengzi GONG Xue WANG Lili LIU Liya WANG Fengzhong TONG Litao institute of Food Science and Technology/western research institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products ProcessingMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100193China

High-quality rice flour is the foundation for the production of various rice-based *** is an essential step in obtaining rice flour,during which significant changes occur in the physicochemical and quality characteristics of the *** rice flour obtained through mainstream wet milling methods exhibits superior quality,low production efficiency and wastewater discharge limit the development of the *** milling,on the other hand,conserves water resources,but adversely affects flour performance due to excessive heat *** an emerging powder-making technique,semi-dry milling offers a promising solution by enhancing flour quality and reducing environmental *** is achieved by minimizing soaking time through hot air treatment while reducing mechanical energy consumption to reach saturated water absorption ***,continuous production remains a *** comprehensive review summarizes the effects of various milling technologies on rice flour properties and product *** also discusses key control indicators and technical considerations for rice flour processing equipment and processes.

关键词： flour property milling equipment milling method rice flour rice product quality semi-dry milling

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Shadows and weak gravitational lensing for black holes within Einstein-Maxwell-scalar theory

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第09期48卷 238-247页

作者： Ahmad Al-Badawi Mirzabek Alloqulov Sanjar Shaymatov Bobomurat Ahmedov Department of Physics Al-Hussein Bin Talal University institute of Fundamental and Applied research National Research University TIIAME University of Tashkent for Applied Sciences institute for Theoretical Physics and Cosmology Zhejiang University of Technology western Caspian University

In this study,we investigated the optical properties of charged black holes within the Einstein-Maxwellscalar(EMS) *** evaluated the shadow cast by these black holes and obtained analytical solutions for both the radius of the photon sphere and that of the *** observed that black hole parameters γ and β both influence the shadow of black *** also found that the photon sphere and shadow radius increase as a consequence of the presence of the parameter γ.Interestingly,the shadow radius decreases first and then remains unchanged owing to the impact of the parameter β.Finally,we analyzed the weak gravitational lensing and total magnification of lensed images around black *** found that the charge of the black holes and the parameter β both have a significant impact,reducing the deflection ***,the same behavior for the total magnification was observed,also as a result of the effect of the charge of the black holes and the parameter β.

关键词： Einstein Maxwell gravity gravitational weak lensing shadow

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Highly efficient expression of human extracellular superoxide dismutase(rhEcSOD)with ultraviolet-B-induced damage-resistance activity in transgenic silkworm cocoons

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1150-1164页

作者： Feng Wang Ri-Yuan Wang De-Bin Zhong Ping Zhao Qing-You Xia Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in western China(CHONGQING)Science City Biological Science Research CenterSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina Century Legend Biotechnology research institute(Chongqing)Co. Ltd.ChongqingChina

Extracellular superoxide dismutase(EcSOD)protects tissues from oxidative stress,and thus is considered as a therapeutic agent for many diseases such as atherosclerosis,hypertension,and ***,cost-effective production of bioactive recombinant human EcSOD(rhEcSOD)remains a ***,we developed an efficient strategy for producing active rhEcSOD by transgenic *** was successfully synthesized as homodimers and homotetramers in the middle silk gland and spun into the cocoons with a concentration of 9.48±0.21 mg/*** of rhEcSOD from the cocoons could be conveniently achieved with a purity of 99.50%and a yield of 3.5±0.5 mg/***,N-glycosylation at the only site of N89 in rhEcSOD with 10 types were *** purified rhEcSOD gained the potent enzymatic activity of 4162±293 U/mg after Cu/Zn ions *** importantly,rhEcSOD was capable of penetrating and accumulating in the nuclei of cells to maintain cell morphology and attenuate ultraviolet B-induced cell apoptosis by eliminating reactive oxygen species and inhibiting the C-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling *** results demonstrated that the transgenic silkworm could successfully produce rhEcSOD with enzymatic and biological activities for biomedical applications.

关键词： antioxidant human extracellular superoxide dismutase recombinant expression silkworm silk gland

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Eureka lemon zinc finger protein ClDOF3.4 interacts with citrus yellow vein clearing virus coat protein to inhibit viral infection

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 1979-1993页

作者： Ping Liao Ting Zeng Mengyang Huangfu Cairong Zheng Jiequn Ren Changyong Zhou Yan Zhou Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in western China(CHONGQING)Science City Citrus Research InstituteSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400712China National Citrus Engineering research Center Citrus Research InstituteSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400712China Chongqing Three Gorges Academy of Agricultural Science Chongqing Three Gorges UniversityChongqing 404020China

Citrus yellow vein clearing virus(CYVCV)is a new citrus virus that has become an important factor restricting the development of China’s citrus industry,and the CYVCV coat protein(CP)is associated with viral *** this study,the Eureka lemon zinc finger protein(ZFP)ClDOF3.4 was shown to interact with CYVCV CP in vivo and in *** expression of ClDOF3.4 in Eureka lemon induced the expression of salicylic acid(SA)-related and hypersensitive response marker genes,and triggered a reactive oxygen species burst,ion leakage necrosis,and the accumulation of free ***,the CYVCV titer in ClDOF3.4 transgenic Eureka lemon plants was approximately 69.4%that in control plants 6 mon after inoculation,with only mild leaf chlorotic spots observed in those transgenic *** together,the results indicate that ClDOF3.4 not only interacts with CP but also induces an immune response in Eureka lemon by inducing the SA *** is the first report that ZFP is involved in the immune response of a citrus viral disease,which provides a basis for further study of the molecular mechanism of CYVCV infection.

关键词： citrus yellow vein clearing virus coat protein ClDOF3.4 plant immune response

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Two-dimensional materials for tunable and nonlinear metaoptics

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第3期6卷 16-34页

作者： Zeng Wang Kandammathe Valiyaveedu Sreekanth Meng Zhao Jinpeng Nong Yincheng Liu Jinghua Teng Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE)

Metaoptics formed by ultrathin and planar building blocks enable compact and efficient optical devices that manipulate light at the nanoscale. The development of tunable metaoptics holds the promise of miniaturized and efficient optical systems that can dynamically adapt to changing conditions or requirements,propelling innovations in fields ranging from telecommunication and imaging to quantum computing and sensing. Two-dimensional(2D) materials show strong promise in enabling tunable metaoptics due to their exceptional electronic and optical properties from the quantum confinement within the atomically thin layers. In this review, we discuss the recent advancements and challenges of 2D material-based tunable metaoptics in both linear and nonlinear regimes and provide an outlook for prospects in this rapidly advancing area.

关键词： metaoptics tunable metaoptics two-dimensional optoelectronics nonlinear optics excitons polaritons

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On the Innovation,Design,Construction,and Experiments of OMEGA-Based SSPS Prototype:The Sun-Chasing Project

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Engineering 2024年第5期36卷 90-101页

作者： Baoyan Duan Yiqun Zhang Guangda Chen Ze Zhao Jianwei Mi Xun Li Lin Yang Xi Li research institute on Mechatronics Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071China research institute of Antenna Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071China

This study systematically introduces the development of the world’s first full-link and full-system ground demonstration and verification system for the OMEGA space solar power satellite(SSPS).First,the OMEGA 2.0 innovation design was ***,field-coupling theoretical models of sunlight concentration,photoelectric conversion,and transmitting antennas were established,and a systematic optimization design method was ***,a beam waveform optimization methodology considering both a high beam collection efficiency and a circular stepped beam shape was ***,a control strategy was developed to control the condenser pointing toward the sun while maintaining the transmitting antenna toward the ***,a high-efficiency heat radiator design method based on bionics and topology optimization was ***,a method for improving the rectenna array’s reception,rectification,and direct current(DC)power synthesis efficiencies is ***,high-precision measurement technology for high-accuracy beam-pointing control was ***,a smart mechanical structure was designed and ***,the developed SSPS ground demonstration and verification system has the capacity for sun tracking,a high concentration ratio,photoelectric conversion,microwave conversion and emission,microwave reception,and rectification,and thus satisfactory results were obtained.

关键词： OMEGA-SSPS Full-link and full-system Beam collection efficiency Circular stepped beam shape Smart structure Field coupling theoretical model `Beam pointing control

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Optimal search path planning of UUV in battlefeld ambush scene

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 541-552页

作者： Wei Feng Yan Ma Heng Li Haixiao Liu Xiangyao Meng Mo Zhou Naval research institute Beijing100161China

Aiming at the practical application of Unmanned Underwater Vehicle(UUV)in underwater combat,this paper proposes a battlefield ambush scene with UUV considering ocean ***,by establishing these mathematical models of ocean current environment,target movement,and sonar detection,the probability calculation methods of single UUV searching target and multiple UUV cooperatively searching target are given ***,based on the Hybrid Quantum-behaved Particle Swarm Optimization(HQPSO)algorithm,the path with the highest target search probability is ***,through simulation calculations,the influence of different UUV parameters and target parameters on the target search probability is analyzed,and the minimum number of UUVs that need to be deployed to complete the ambush task is demonstrated,and the optimal search path scheme is *** method proposed in this paper provides a theoretical basis for the practical application of UUV in the future combat.

关键词： Battlefield ambush Optimal search path planning UUV path Planning Probability of cooperative search

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Uncovering the dominant contribution of intermediate volatility compounds in secondary organic aerosol formation from biomass-burning emissions

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 150-158页

作者： Kun Li Jun Zhang David M.Bell Tiantian Wang Houssni Lamkaddam Tianqu Cui Lu Qi Mihnea Surdu Dongyu Wang Lin Du Imad El Haddad Jay G.Slowik Andre S.H.Prevot Environment research institute Shandong University Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute

Organic vapors from biomass burning are a major source of secondary organic aerosols(SOAs). Previous smog chamber studies found that the SOA contributors in biomass-burning emissions are mainly volatile organic compounds(VOCs). While intermediate volatility organic compounds(IVOCs) are efficient SOA precursors and contribute a considerable fraction of biomass-burning emissions, their contribution to SOA formation has not been directly observed. Here, by deploying a newly-developed oxidation flow reactor to study SOA formation from wood burning, we find that IVOCs can contribute ～70% of the formed SOA, i.e.>2 times more than VOCs. This previously missing SOA fraction is interpreted to be due to the high wall losses of semi-volatile oxidation products of IVOCs in smog chambers. The finding in this study reveals that SOA production from biomass burning is much higher than previously thought, and highlights the urgent need for more research on the IVOCs from biomass burning and potentially other emission sources.

关键词： atmospheric chemistry biomass burning secondary organic aerosol intermediate volatility organic compounds

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