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Temporal and environmental factors drive community structure and function of methanotrophs in volcanic forest soils

Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第2期35卷 1-13页

作者： Rusong Chai Hongjie Cao Qingyang Huang Lihong Xie Fan Yang Hongbin Yin Heilongjiang Forest botanical garden Harbin 150040People’s Republic of China 2 Institute of Natural Resources and Ecology Science Academy of Heilongjiang ProvinceHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China

Methanotrophs,organisms that obtain oxygen by oxidizing methane,are recognized as the only known biological sink for atmospheric CH_4,and forest soil methanotrophs play crucial roles in mitigating global *** succession patterns of methanotrophic communities and functions in Wudalianchi volcano forest soils could provide a basis for the study of evolutionary mechanisms between soil microorganisms,the environment,and carbon cycling of temperate forest ecosystems under climate *** this study,the characteristics and drivers of methanotrophic community structure and function of two volcanic soils at different stages of development are analyzed,including an old volcano and a new volcano,which most recently erupted 300 years and 17-19×10^(5)years ago,respectively,and a non-volcano hills as control,based on space for time substitution and Miseq sequencing and bioinformation *** results showed that CH_(4) fluxes were significantly higher in old-stage volcano forest soils than new-stage forest soils and non-volcano forest *** were significant differences in the community composition and diversity of soil methanotrophs from different volcano forest *** was the dominant genus in all soil ***,the relative abundance of Methylococcus,along with Clonothrix,Methyloglobulus,Methylomagum,Methylomonas and Methylosarcina,were the important genera responsible for the differences in methanotrophic community structure in different volcano forest *** relative abundance of methanotroph belonging toγ-proteobacteria was significantly higher than that belonging toα-proteobacteria(P<0.05).Chao1,Shannon and Simpson indices of soil methanotrophic community were significantly lower in new-stage volcanos and were significantly affected by bulk density,total porosity,p H,nitrate,dissolved organic carbon and dissolved organic *** were significant differences in community structure between new-stage and old-stage volcano

关键词： Methanotrophs pmo A Soil development stage Volcanoes Forest soils

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Storage of osmotically treated entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae

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Insect Science 2006年第4期13卷 263-269页

作者： SHI-PENG FENG RI-CHOU HAN XUE-HONG QIU LI CAO JING-HUA CHEN GUO-HONG WANG South china botanical garden Guangzhou Guangdong Entomological Institute Guangzhou Graduate Univeristy of Chinese Academic of Science Beijing China

The infective juveniles （IJs） ofSteinernema carpocapsae ‘All＇ were osmotically stressed by a mixture of ionic （fortified artificial seawater） and non-ionic （3.2 mol/L glycerol） solutions to establish a method for osmotic storage of entomopathogenic nematodes. Seven combinations （termed solution A to G） with different proportions of these two solutions were tested, with sterile extra pure water （sepH20, termed solution H） as a control. The mortality of the IJs at a concentration of 5×10^5 IJ/mL in the solutions A to G, and H were 13.2%, 16.2%, 16.7%, 13.5%, 25.2%, 31.6%, 44.6%, and 1.0%, respectively, after 21 days storage at 25℃. Most of the IJs shrunk and stopped motility after 6-9 hours incubation at 25℃ in solutions A to D. Based on the results, solutions A to D and H were chosen to further test the osmotic survival of the IJs at different IJ concentrations （5× 10^5, 2.5×10^5, 2 000 IJ/mL） and incubation temperature （30℃, 25℃, 10℃）. The resulting IJs were exposed to a high temperature assay （45℃ for 4 h, HTA）. Osmotically stressed IJs showed improved heat tolerance. The mortality of the Lls increased with the increasing concentrations of the test Lls and the storage temperatures after exposing to the HTA. More than 88.4%, 62.3% or 2.4% of the treated IJs died at the above three IJ concentrations, respectively. At the three IJ concentrations （2 000 IJs/mL, 2.5×10^5 IJs/mL or 5 ×10^5 IJs/mL）, the highest mortality was recorded in solution D （11.6%, 85.9% or 98.0%, respectively）, and the lowest mortality in solution B （2. 4%, 62.3% or 86.6%, respectively）. No untreated IJs survived after the heat treatment. During 42 days storage at 10℃, the IJs mortality in the solutiors A to D and H were 7.19%, 5.97%, 4.41%, 4.34%, and 4.34% respectively, and showed no significant differences. In conclusion, osmotic treatment of the IJs of S. carpocapsae ‘ All＇ in a mixture of ionic and non-ionic solutions enhances the heat tolerance. The mortality of the IJs after HTA increased w

关键词： Entomopathogenic nematode heat tolerance osmotic Steinernema carpocapsae storage

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Fluxes of CH4 and N_2O from soil under a tropical seasonal rain forest in Xishuangbanna, Southwest china

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第2期20卷 207-215页

作者： YAN Yuping SHA Liqing CAO Min ZHENG Zheng TANG Jianwei WANG Yinghong ZHANG Yiping WANG Rui LIU Guangren WANG Yuesi SUN Yang Xishuangbanna Tropical botanical garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650223 China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Graduated School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

CH4 and N2O fluxes from soil under a tropical seasonal rain forest in Xishuangbanna, Southwest china were measured for one year using closed static chamber technique and gas chromatography method. Three treatments were set in the studied field：（A） litter-free, （B） with litter, and （C） with litter and seedling. The results showed that the soil in our study was a sink of atmospheric CH4 and source of atmospheric N2O. The observed mean CH4 fluxes from treatments A, B, and C were -50.0 ± 4.0, -35.9 ± 2.8, -31.6 ± 2.8 μgC/（m^2·h）, respectively, and calculated annual fluxes in 2003 were -4.1, -3.1, and -2.9 kgC/hm^2, respectively. The observed mean N2O fluxes from treatments A, B, and C were 30.9 ± 3.1, 28.2 ± 3.5, 50.2±3.7 μgN/（m^2·h）, respectively, and calculated annual fluxes in 2003 were 2.8, 2.6, and 3.7 kgN/hm^2, respectively. Seasonal variations in CH4 and N2O fluxes were significant among all the three treatments. The presence of litter decreased CH4 uptake during wet season （P 〈 0.05）, but not during dry season. There was a similar increase in seedlings-mediated N2O emissions during wet and dry seasons, indicating that seedlings increased N2O emission in both seasons. A strong positive relationship existed between CH4 fluxes and soil moisture for all the three treatments, and weak relationship between CH4 fluxes and soil temperature for treatment B and treatment C. The N2O fluxes correlated with soil temperature for all the three treatments.

关键词： global warming greenhouse gases rain forest seasonal variability soil moisture soil temperature

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Aboveground herbivory increases soil nematode abundance of an invasive plant

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第4期13卷 405-412页

作者： Jia Liu Susu Dai Wei Huang Jianqing Ding CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074HubeiChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Core botanical garden Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074HubeiChina School of Life Sciences Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004HenanChina

Aims Plant invasions have the potential to affect the community structure of soil nematodes,but little is known about whether such effects are mediated by aboveground herbivores since invasive plants are not completely released from herbivores in the introduced *** this study,we explored how aboveground insect herbivores mediated the effect of invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides on soil nematodes and examined the temporal variations of such an herbivory-elicited *** We conducted a greenhouse experiment by applying different herbivory treatments(no insect herbivores,specialist Agasicles hygrophila and generalist Cassida piperata)to potted ***,and then measured the community compositions of soil nematodes in corresponding pots on the 1st,10th and 20th day after removal of all *** addition,the carbon content of roots and root exudate of *** were also *** Findings Our results showed that aboveground herbivory significantly increased the abundance of soil nematodes of ***,likely plant feeder nematodes,after insect herbivores were removed immediately(1st day).However,such impacts waned with time and there was no significant difference at later stages(10th and 20th days).Furthermore,the effects of specialist *** and generalist *** herbivory were consistent on the abundance of soil ***,our results suggest that aboveground insect herbivores have the potential to alter the effects of plant invasions on soil nematodes,but such impacts are ***,our study highlighted the importance of integrating the effects of above-and belowground organisms when evaluating the impacts of plant invasions.

关键词： aboveground insect herbivores soil nematodes trophic groups plant invasions temporal change

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Prolonged milk provisioning and extended maternal care in the milking spider Toxeus magnus: biological implications and questions unresolved

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Zoological Research 2019年第4期40卷 241-243页

作者： Bing Dong Rui-Chang Quan Zhan-Qi Chen CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesXishuangbanna Yunnan 666303China Center for Integrative Conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesXishuangbanna Yunnan 666303China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Prolonged milk provisioning and extended parental care for nutritionally independent offspring, previously considered to only co-occur in long-lived mammals (Clutton-Brock, 1991;Royle et al., 2012), were recently reported in the reproduction of the milking spider, Toxeus magnus (Chen et al. 2018). Newly hatched T. magnus spiderlings require 53 days to develop to maturity, with an average adult body length of 6.6 mm.

关键词： milking spider Toxeus magnus biological implications Prolonged milk provisioning

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Diversity Assessment of an Endemic Carpinus oblongifolia(Betulaceae)Using Specific-Locus Amplified Fragment Sequencing and Implications for Conservation

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第3期91卷 617-632页

作者： Sumei Li Qing Wang Peng Wang Shuan Wang Rutong Yang Ya Li Institute of Botany Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing Botanical Garden Memorial Sun Yat-SenNanjing210014China

Carpinus oblongifolia is an endemic species and the extant wild populations show a fragmentation distribution in the Baohua Mountain of Jiangsu Province in eastern *** of genetic diversity plays an important role in *** survival and sustainable *** wild *** population was artificially divided into four subpopulations according to the microhabitats,and another two subpopulations were constructed by progeny seedlings cultivated with the mature ***,the leaf buds of 80 individuals from six subpopulations were sampled to develop single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)using specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing(SLAF-seq).Based on these SNPs,we aimed to characterize the genetic diversity and population structure of *** and provide an illumination and reference for effective management of such a small endemic *** level of genetic diversity was low at the species level,and the progeny subpopulations had a relatively higher genetic diversity than the wild *** may be attributed to a high gene flow and an excess heterozygosity to reduce the threat of genetic drift-based ***,the progeny subpopulations had the ability to form new clusters and a great contribution to the genetic structure variation of *** results will assist with the development of conservation and management strategies,such as properly evacuating competitive trees to provide more chance for pollen and seed flow in situ conservation,and establishing sufficient seedling plantlets under laboratory conditions for reintroduction to enlarge the effective population size.

关键词： Carpinus oblongifolia endemic species genetic diversity population structure SLAF

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The Earliest Normal Flower from Liaoning Province, china

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2009年第8期51卷 800-811页

作者： Xin Wang Shaolin Zheng Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology the Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Fairylake botanical garden Shenzhen 518004 China Shenyang Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources Shenyang 110032 China

The early evolution of angiosperms has been a focus of intensive research for more than a century. The Yixian Formation in western Liaoning yields one of the earliest angiosperm macrofioras. Despite multitudes of angiosperm fossils uncovered, including Archaefructus and Sinocarpus, no bona fide normal flower has been dated to 125 Ma （mega-annum） or older. Here we report Callianthus dilae gen. et sp. nov. from the Yixian Formation （Early Cretaceous） in western Liaoning, china as the earliest normal flower known to date. The flower demonstrates a typical floral organization, including tepals, androecium, and gynoecium. The tepals are spatulate with parallel veins. The stamens have a slender filament, a globular anther, bristles at the anther apex, and in situ round-triangular pollen grains. The gynoecium is composed of two stylate carpels enclosed in a fleshy envelope, and develops into a ＂hip＂ when mature. Since the well-accepted history of angiosperms is not much longer than 125 Ma, Callianthus together with Chaoyangia, Archaefructus and Sinocarpus from the Yixian Formation demonstrate a surprisingly high diversity of angiosperms, implying a history of angiosperms much longer than currently accepted.

关键词： angiosperm bisexual Callianthus Early Cretaceous flower Liaoning perianth Yixian Formation

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Arabidopsis VQ10 interacts with WRKY8 to modulate basal defense against Botrytis cinerea

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2018年第10期60卷 956-969页

作者： Junqiu Chen Houping Wang Yang Li Jinjing Pan Yanru Hu Diqiu Yu Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650223China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Recent studies in Arabidopsis have revealed that some vq motif-containing proteins physically interact with WRKY transcription factors; however, their specific biological functions are still poorly understood. In this study, we confirmed the interaction between VQ1o and WRKY8, and show that VQ1o and WRKY8 formed a complex in the plant cell nucleus. Yeast two-hybrid analysis showed that the middle region of WRKY8 and the vq motif of vqlo are critical for their interaction, and that this interaction promotes the DNA-binding activity of WRKY8. Further investigation revealed that the VqlO protein was exclusively localized in the nucleus, and VQ1o was predominantly expressed in siliques, vQ1o expression was strongly responsive to the necrotrophic fungal pathogen, Botrytis cinerea and defense-relatedhormones. Phenotypic analysis showed that disruption of VQlo increased mutant plants susceptibility to the fungal pathogen B. cinerea, whereas constitutive-expres- sion of VQlo enhanced resistance to B. cinerea. Consis- tent with these findings, expression of the defenserelated PLANT DEFENSIN1.2 （PDFt2） gene was decreased in vqlo mutant plants, after B. cinerea infection, but increased in vQ1o-overexpressing transgenic plants. Taken together, our findings provide evidence that VQlo physically interacts with WRKY8 and positively regulates plant basal resistance against the necrotrophic fungal pathogen B. cinerea.

关键词： Arabidopsis VQ10 interacts with WRKY8 to modulate basal defense against Botrytis cinerea VQ

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Heavy collecting induces smaller and deeper Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus in the wild

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Plant Diversity 2017年第4期39卷 208-213页

作者： Xinhui Li Lin Liu Xu Gu Jianying Xiang College of Environmental Science and Engineering Southwest Forestry University Kunming 650224 China Shangri-La Alpine botanical garden Shangri-la 674400 China Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity Southwest Forestry University Kunming 650224 China

Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus is a well-known traditional Chine medicinal herb. However, the demand for this herb is leading to over-collection and its decline in the wild. This study aims to investigate the ecological conditions of Fritillaria cirrhosa under the influence of human disturbance, biotic species interactions and climatic conditions. We established a total of 78 plots at 14 sites of F. cirrhosa in its distribution center, the Hengduan Mountains area. At each site, we estimated the abundance of F. cirrhosa at different distances from roads. The diameter and height of F. cirrhosa fruit and bulbs were measured and compared to underground bulb depth. We then analyzed the effects of environmental conditions and human disturbance on the abundance of F. cirrhosa using variance partitioning. We found that(1)abundance of F. cirrhosa and their underground bulb depth showed a significant linear increase with the distance from the main road;(2) the diameter/height of fruits and the diameter/height of fruits/bulbs showed significantly different responses to the human disturbance;(3) the community associates,climate and spatial conditions can explain 58%, 22% and 27%, respectively, of the variance in the F. cirrhosa abundance. These results highlight the fact that human disturbance and biotic factors have a great influence on the survival of F. cirrhosa, even more than climate conditions.

关键词： Fritillaria cirrhosa Human disturbance Plant abundance Biotic interactions

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Long-term changes of water acidity in an intact forested watershed in south china

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第12期18卷 3138-3146页

作者： LIU Xiao-dong FENG Ying-jie MO Qi-feng CHU Guo-wei LI Yue-lin ZHANG Qian-mei ZHANG Wei-qiang GAN Xian-hua ZHOU Qing College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China South china botanical garden Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China Guangdong Academy of Forestry Guangzhou 510520China

Acid rain is a global environmental issue and causes serious adverse impacts on natural ecosystems and human *** acid rain and its subsequent impacts have been extensively studied in temperate regions and in big cities globally,but the monitoring of acid rain in non-urban areas in subtropical region is still ***,we analyze 18 years of water acidity observations from a non-urban site in western Pearl River Delta region,south *** 2000 to 2018,annual mean precipitation pH values in the study site showed a marked increase(P<0.0001)from 4.96 in 2000 to 6.88 in *** 18-year dataset of precipitation acidity shows a clear recovery from acid deposition over the annual period,dry seasons and wet *** a year,precipitation pH was relatively lower in dry seasons(5.46±0.95)than in wet seasons(5.80±0.89)during the whole study period,and the seasonal pattern of precipitation pH was amplified during drier years as a strong dilution effect was detected between precipitation amount and its *** pH of surface runoff water(4.74±0.70)was significantly lower than that of precipitation as a result of the regulating effects of the highly acidified soil and the rich humus on the forest *** groundwater pH(6.32±0.63)was significantly higher than the precipitation pH especially during dry *** results of the present study indicated that the groundwater has a strong acid buffer and neutralizing effects and thus plays an important role in supplies of clean water.

关键词： Acid rain Precipitation Runoff water Groundwater Subtropical china

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