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Changes of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) burden globally and in China over three decades: a secondary analysis of global HIV statistics

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第22期135卷 2690-2698页

作者： Yanqiu Lu Shengquan Tang Yuanyuan Qin Vijay Harypursat Hao Wu Yaokai Chen Department of Infectious diseases Chongqing Public Health Medical CenterChongqing 400036China Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research Clinical and Research Center for Infectious DiseasesBeijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China

Background: A more comprehensive understanding of the trends of incidence, prevalence, and mortality in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and their complex interrelationships, may provide important evidence for decision-making related to HIV prevention and control. The variances in these indices between different population groups, genders, and ages are critical to decipher evolving patterns of the HIV epidemic in specific ***: A secondary analysis of relevant data was conducted using data extracted from the Global Burden of disease study of 2019. HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) incidence, prevalence, AIDS-related mortality, and mortality-to-prevalence ratio (MPR) for annual percentage change, average annual percentage change (AAPC), and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using joinpoint regression statistical ***: The AAPC of HIV/AIDS incidence, prevalence, AIDS-related mortality rate, and MPR were -1.4 (95% CI: -1.6, -1.2), 4.1 (95% CI: 4.0, 4.3), 2.0 (95% CI: 1.7, 2.3), and -2.1 (95% CI: -2.3, -1.8) between 1990 and 2019 globally, and were 3.5 (95% CI: 2.2, 4.8), 6.9 (95% CI: 6.8, 7.0), 8.1 (95% CI: 7.1, 9.1), and 1.2 (95% CI: 0.1, 2.3) in China during the same period. In terms of differences in the preceding indicators by gender, we observed a similar pattern of trends for male and female genders both globally and in China during the entire study period. Each specific age group exhibits a distinct pattern in terms of incidence, prevalence, mortality rate, and MPR both globally and in ***: Prevalence and mortality rates of HIV/AIDS have increased between 1990 and 2019 globally and in China. While the incidence rate and MPR have declined globally over the past three decades, these two indicators are observed to present an increasing trend in China. There is a high HIV burden among young and middle-aged adults globally;however, the elderly have a high HIV burden in China. HIV scre

关键词： Human immunodeficiency virus Incidence Mortality Mortality-to-prevalence ratio Prevalence

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Dihydromyricetin ameliorates chronic liver injury by reducing pyroptosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第41期26卷 6346-6360页

作者： Quan-Cheng Cheng Jing Fan Xin-Wei Deng Huai-Cun Liu Hui-Ru Ding Xuan Fang Jian-Wei Wang Chun-Hua Chen Wei-Guang Zhang Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijing 100191China Xin Hua Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 202155China

BACKGROUND Chronic liver injury(CLI) is now a worldwide disease. However, there is no effective treatment. Pyroptosis plays an essential role in CLI. Dihydromyricetin(DHM) resists oxidation and protects the liver. We hypothesize that the beneficial effect of DHM on CLI is related to its effect on the expression of pyroptosisrelated molecules. Therefore, we studied the influence of DHM on CLI and *** To study the role of pyroptosis in the pathogenesis of CLI and the therapeutic mechanism of *** Thirty-two mice were randomly divided into four groups: The control group was injected with olive oil, the carbon tetrachloride(CCl4) group was injected with CCl4, the vehicle group was injected with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin while injecting CCl4 and the DHM group was injected with DHM while injecting CCl4. After four weeks of treatment, liver tissues from the mice were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and oil red O. Blood was collected from the angular vein for serological analysis. The severity of CLI was estimated. Some liver tissue was sampled for immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and quantitative reverse transcription PCR to observe the changes in pyroptosis-related *** Serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) in the CCl4 group were higher than those in the control group, and serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, AST and ALT in the DHM group were lower than those in the vehicle group. Hematoxylin and eosin and oil red O staining showed that there were more lipid droplets in the CCl4 group than in the control group, and there were fewer lipid droplets in the DHM group than in the vehicle group. Western blotting showed that the expression of the pyroptosis-related molecules caspase-1, NOD-, LRR-and pyrin domain-containing 3(NLRP3) and gasdermin D(GSDMD)-N in the CCl4 group was higher than that in the control group, while expression of these prot

关键词： Chronic liver injury Dihydromyricetin Pyroptosis Carbon tetrachloride Pathogenesis Steatosis

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Efficacy and safety of a novel anti-HER2 therapeutic antibody RC48 in patients with HER2-overexpressing,locally advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer:a single-arm phase II study

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Cancer Communications 2021年第11期41卷 1173-1182页

作者： Zhi Peng Tianshu Liu Jia Wei Airong Wang Yifu He Liuzhong Yang Xizhi Zhang Nanfeng Fan Suxia Luo Zhen Li Kangsheng Gu Jianwei Lu Jianming Xu Qingxia Fan Ruihua Xu Liangming Zhang Enxiao Li Yuping Sun Guohua Yu Chunmei Bai Yong Liu Jiangzheng Zeng Jieer Ying Xinjun Liang Nong Xu Chao Gao Yongqian Shu Dong Ma Guanghai Dai Shengmian Li Ting Deng Yuehong Cui Jianmin Fang Yi Ba Lin Shen Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology Key Laboratory of Cancinogenesis and Translational Research(Ministry of Education)Peking University Cancer Hospital&InstituteBeijing 100142P.R.China Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032P.R.China Department of Oncology Nanjing Drum Tower Hospitalthe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsu 210008P.R.China Department of Oncology Weihai Municipal HospitalWeihaiShandong 264299P.R.China Department of Oncology Anhui Provincial Cancer HospitalHefeiAnhui 230031P.R.China Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical CollegeXinxiangHenan 453100P.R.China Department of Oncology Subei People’s HospitalYangzhouJiangsu 225009P.R.China Department of Abdominal Oncology Fujian Provincial Cancer HospitalFuzhouFujian 350014P.R.China Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology Henan Cancer HospitalZhengzhouHenan 450003P.R.China Department of Oncology Linyi Cancer HospitalLinyiShandong 276002P.R.China Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui 230022P.R.China Department of Oncology Jiangsu Cancer HospitalNanjingJiangsu 210009P.R.China Department of Oncology The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing 100039P.R.China Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of ZhengzhouZhengzhouHenan 450099P.R.China Department of Oncology Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdong 510060P.R.China Department of Oncology Yantai Yuhuangding HospitalYantaiShandong 264099P.R.China Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anShanxi 710061P.R.China Department of Oncology Jinan Central HospitalJinanShandong 250013P.R.China Department of Oncology Weifang People’s HospitalWeifangShandong 261041P.R.China Department of Oncology Peking Union Medical College HospitalBeijing 100005P.R.China Department of Oncology Xuzhou Central

Background:Current treatment options for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)-overexpressing gastric cancer at third-line have shown limited clinical ***,there is no specific treatment for HER2 immunohistochemistry(IHC)2+and fluorescence in-situ hybridization-negative ***,we report the efficacy and safety of a novel anti-HER2 antibody RC48 for patients with HER2-overexpressing,advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction ***:Patients with HER2-overexpressing(IHC 2+or 3+),locally advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer who were under at least second-line therapy were eligible and received RC482.5 mg/kg alone every 2 *** primary endpoint was the objective response rate(ORR)assessed by an independent review *** endpoints included progressionfree survival(PFS),overall survival(OS),duration of response,time to progression,disease control rate,and ***:Of 179 patients screened,125 were eligible and received RC48 *** ORR was 24.8%(95%confidence interval[CI]:17.5%-33.3%).The median PFS and OS were 4.1 months(95%CI:3.7-4.9 months)and 7.9 months(95%CI:6.7-9.9 months),*** most frequently reported adverse events were decreased white blood cell count(53.6%),asthenia(53.6%),hair loss(53.6%),decreased neutrophil count(52.0%),anemia(49.6%),and increased aspartate aminotransferase level(43.2%).Serious adverse events(SAEs)occurred in 45(36.0%)patients,and RC48-related SAEs were mainly decreased neutrophil count(3.2%).Seven patients had adverse events that led to death were not ***:RC48 showed promising activity with manageable safety,suggesting potential application in patients with HER2-overexpressing,advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer who have previously received at least two lines of chemotherapy.

关键词： antibody-drug conjugate gastric cancer HER2-overexpressing phase II clinical trial RC48 third-line therapy

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Identification and control of Lead Hazards in Housing

Identification and Control of Lead Hazards in Housing

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2010 the 5th International Academic Conference on Environmental and Occupational Medicine

作者： David JACOBS National center for Healthy Housing United States

＜正＞Evidence of the Link between Lead Paint and Lead Poisoning●Historical●Case Surveillance Data●Environmental Correlate Studies●Stable Isotope Ratios

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Low molecular weight heparin reduces arterial blood lactic acid content and increases estimated glomerular filtration rate in patients with moderate Covid-19 pneumonia

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第6期135卷 691-696页

作者： Li Ma Yigang Zeng Bing ZhaoL ili Xu Jian Li Tongyu Zhu Enqiang Mao Emergency Department of Ruijin Hospital School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200025China Shanghai Public Health Clinical center Fudan UniversityShanghai 201508China Clinical Research center in Ruijin Hospital School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200025China

Background:Coronavirus disease 2019(Covid-19)remains a serious health threat *** aimed to investigate whether low molecular weight heparin(LMWH)can promote organ function recovery in moderate Covid-19 pneumonia ***:We initiated an LMWH protocol in Covid-19 patients with increased D-dimer,body mass index>30 kg/m^(2) or a history of diabetes from January 18,2020 at Shanghai Public Health Clinical *** this retrospective study,we assigned moderate Covid-19 pneumonia patients admitted between January 18th and April 18,2020 receiving the LMWH protocol to the LMWH *** patients who met the inclusion criteria but did not receive LMWH protocol were included in the control group by 1:2 propensity score *** clinical information,indicators for renal function,arterial blood gas analyses,arterial blood lactic acid content(mmol/L),and coagulation indexes at 0 day,3 days,7 days,and 11 days after admission were recorded and compared between the two ***:There were 41 patients in the LMWH group and 82 patients in the control *** information in both groups were *** to the control group,the arterial blood lactic acid content(mmol/L)at day 11(1.3[1.1,1.7]vs.1.2[0.9,1.3],P=0.016)was reduced in the LMWH *** estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)in the LMWH group was higher than that in the control group at day 7(108.54[89.11,128.17]vs.116.85[103.39,133.47],P=0.039)and day 11(113.74[94.49,126.34]vs.128.31[112.75,144.12],P=0.003).The serum creatinine levels(Scr)in the LMWH group were lower than that in the control group at day 7(62.13[51.47,77.64]vs.55.49[49.50,65.75],P=0.038)and day 11(63.35[50.17,75.73]vs.51.62[44.62,61.24],P=0.005).Conclusions:LMWH treatment can reduce arterial blood lactic acid levels and improve eGFR in moderate Covid-19 pneumonia *** controlled trials are warranted to further investigate this issue.

关键词： Arterial blood lactic acid Covid-19 Kidney function LMWH

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Beclin-1- mediated autophagy may be involved in the elderly cognitive and affective disorders in streptozotocininduced diabetic mice

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2016年第1期5卷 171-180页

作者： Zhu-Fei Guan Xiu-Ling Zhou Xiao-Ming Zhang Yu Zhang Yan-Mei Wang Qi-Lin Guo Gang Ji Guo-Feng Wu Na-Na Wang Hao Yang Zhong-Yu Yu Hou-Guang Zhou Jing-Chun Guo Ying-Chao Liu Department of Geriatric Neurology Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityNational Clinical Medicine Research Center for Age-related Diseases12 Middle WuLuMuQi RdShanghai 200040China National Clinical Medicine Research center for Age-related diseases 12 Middle WuLuMuQi RdShanghai 200040China Department of Ultrasonics Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China Department of Emergency Neurology Guiyang Medical UniversityGuiyang 550004China Department of Neurosurgery Shandong Provincial Hospital5 Latitude and 7 longitude RdJinan 250021China

Background:Diabetes is the most common metabolic disease with many chronic complications,and cognitive disorders are one of the common complications in patients with *** studies have showed that autophagy played important roles in the progression of metabolic syndrome,diabetes and other *** we investigated whether aged diabetic mice are prone to be associated with the cognitive and affective disorders and whether Beclin-1-mediated autophagy might be involved in thepahological ***:High-fat diet/streptozotocin(STZ)injection-induced diabetic C57 mice were adopted in this *** disorders were detected by Morris water maze and fear conditional *** disorders were detected by tail suspension test and forced swimming *** resonance imaging was applied to observe changes of morphology and metabolism in the *** 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography(FDG-PET)was used to assess metabolism changes in the brain of aged diabetic *** were evaluated by Beclin-1,LC3II/I and P62,which were detected by western blot analysis and observed by electron ***:*** with control group,diabetes mice showed significantly decreasing abilities in spatial memory and conditioned fear memory(all P<0.05),and increasing tendency of depression(P<0.05).*** showed that the majority of elderly diabetic mice were associated with multiple cerebral small vessel *** even showed hippocampal atrophy,ventricular dilatation and ***-PET-CT discovered that the glucose metabolism in the amygdala and hippocampus was significantly decreased compared with normal aged mice(P<0.05).*** microscopy found that,although autophagy bodies was not widespread,and there was no significant difference between the two groups,yet compared with normal aged mice,apparent cell edema,myelinated tow reduction and intracellular lipofuscin augmentation existed in elderly diabetic mice ***

关键词： Beclin1 metabolism diabetic

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The first E59Q mutation identified in the NEUROD1 gene in a Chinese family with maturity-onset diabetes of the young: an observational study

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Journal of Bio-X Research 2020年第3期3卷 109-115页

作者： Juan Zhang Yanyan Jiang Li Li Yanpeng Wang Ming Lu Yating Chen Mingqiang Song Xiaoxu Ge Ming Li Ying Wang Feng Wang Miao Yu Meisheng Jiang Yanjun Liu Limei Liu Shanghai Diabetes Institute Department of Endocrinology&MetabolismShanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic DiseaseShanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus Department of General Surgery Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital Department of Cardiology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital Department of Endocrinology&Metabolism Putuo Hospital Attached to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai Department of Endocrinology Weihai Municipal HospitalWeihaiShandong Province Department of Endocrinology School of MedicineTong Ren HospitalAffiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Pediatrics Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCAUSA Department of Nephrology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s HospitalShanghai Department of Endocrinology Key Laboratory of EndocrinologyNational Health CommissionPeking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California Department of Internal Medicine Charles R.Drew Universityand David Geffen School of Medicine at University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA

Objective::In contrast to the most commonly reported forms of maturity-onset diabetes of the young(MODY),including MODY2,MODY3 and MODY5,MODY6 is a relatively rare *** investigate whether NEUROD1 is responsible for MODY in Chinese individuals,we screened its mutations in MODY pedigrees and explored the potential pathogenic ***::Polymerase chain reaction direct sequencing was performed to screen NEUROD1 mutations in 32 Chinese MODY probands who were negative for the GCK/MODY2,HNF1A/MODY3 and HNF1B/MODY5 genes in this observational *** addition,we enrolled 201 unrelated,non-diabetic control subjects of Han Chinese *** functional significance of newly identified mutations was analyzed using clinical phenotype,pathophysiology and three-dimensional structure *** study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital,China(approval ***-2017-83)on March 3,***::E59Q(c.175 G>C,***59Gln),a heterozygous missense mutation in the NEUROD1 gene,was identified in one family with *** Glu59 residue in NeuroD1 is highly conserved across mammalian *** diabetic patients carrying the mutation(a proband and her son,brother and sister)were lean,with a body mass index of 20.9(20.3-21.2)kg/m *** with their unaffected relatives(n=4),E59Q carriers(n=4)had significantly decreased ratios of fasting and 2-hour insulin to plasma glucose(both fasting plasma insulin/fasting plasma glucose and 2-hour postprandial plasma insulin/2-hour postprandial plasma glucose,Pcontrol subjects with normal glucose *** salt-bridge bonds of Glu59 were disrupted at the Q59 mutation ***::The NEUROD1-E59Q mutation changed the molecular conformation of the N-terminal in NeuroD1,which

关键词： Chinese Glu59Gln(E59Q) MODY6 mutation NEUROD1 gene

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Estimating the daily trend in the size of the COVID-19 infected population in Wuhan

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Infectious diseases of Poverty 2020年第3期9卷 12-19页

作者： Qiu-Shi Lin Tao-Jun Hu Xiao-Hua Zhou Beijing International center for Mathematical Research Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Mathematical Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China center for Statistical Science Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Background:The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has become a pandemic causing global health *** provide estimates of the daily trend in the size of the epidemic in Wuhan based on detailed information of 10940 confirmed cases outside Hubei ***:In this modelling study,we first estimate the epidemic size in Wuhan from 10 January to 5 April 2020 with a newly proposed model,based on the confirmed cases outside Hubei province that left Wuhan by 23 January 2020 retrieved from official websites of provincial and municipal health *** some confirmed cases have no information on whether they visited Wuhan before,we adjust for these missing *** then calculate the reporting rate in Wuhan from 20 January to 5 April ***,we estimate the date when the first infected case occurred in ***:We estimate the number of cases that should be reported in Wuhan by 10 January 2020,as 3229(95%confidence interval[CI]:3139–3321)and 51273(95%CI:49844–52734)by 5 April *** reporting rate has grown rapidly from 1.5%(95%CI:1.5–1.6%)on 20 January 2020,to 39.1%(95%CI:38.0–40.2%)on 11 February 2020,and increased to 71.4%(95%CI:69.4–73.4%)on 13 February 2020,and reaches 97.6%(95%CI:94.8–100.3%)on 5 April *** date of first infection is estimated as 30 November ***:In the early stage of COVID-19 outbreak,the testing capacity of Wuhan was *** diagnosis could be a good complement to the method of confirmation at that *** reporting rate is very close to 100%now and there are very few cases since 17 March 2020,which might suggest that Wuhan is able to accommodate all patients and the epidemic has been controlled.

关键词： COVID-19 Wuhan Daily Trend Size Infection

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SARS-CoV-2 variants,immune escape,and countermeasures

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Frontiers of Medicine 2022年第2期16卷 196-207页

作者： Yi Zhang Haocheng Zhang Wenhong Zhang Department of Infectious diseases National Medical Center for Infectious DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency ResponseHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Institute of Biostatistics School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has become a global pandemic ***-CoV-2 variants have aroused great concern and are expected to continue *** many countries have promoted rollout vaccination,the immune barrier has not yet been fully established,indicating that populations remain susceptible to *** this review,we summarize the literature on variants of concern and focus on the changes in their transmissibility,pathogenicity,and resistance to the immunity constructed by current ***,we analyzed relationships between variants and breakthrough infections,as well as the paradigm of new variants in countries with high vaccination *** transmission,continuing to strengthen variant surveillance,and combining nonpharmaceutical intervention measures and vaccines are necessary to control these variants.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 vaccine immune escape breakthrough prevention

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Interplay between diet and genetic susceptibility in obesity and related traits

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Frontiers of Medicine 2018年第6期12卷 601-607页

作者： Tiange Wang Min Xu Yufang Bi Guang Ning State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the Ministry of HealthNational Clinical Research Center for Metabolic DiseasesShanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesRuijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China

The incidence of obesity has been rapidly increasing, and this condition has become a major public health threat. A substantial shift in environmental factors and lifestyle, such as unhealthy diet, is among the major driving forces of the global obesity pandemic. Longitudinal studies and randomized intervention trials have shown that genetic susceptibility to obesity may interact with dietary factors in relation to the body mass index and risk of obesity. This review summarized data from recent longitudinal studies and intervention studies on variations and diets and discussed the challenges and future prospects related to this area and public health implications.

关键词： diet genetic susceptibility interaction obesity

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