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An Application of RGBD-Based Skeleton Reconstruction for Pedestrian Detection and Occlusion Handling

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2024年第1期12卷 147-161页

作者： Ziyuan Liu James watt School of Engineering University of Glasgow Glasgow UK

This study explores the challenges posed by pedestrian detection and occlusion in AR applications, employing a novel approach that utilizes RGB-D-based skeleton reconstruction to reduce the overhead of classical pedestrian detection algorithms during training. Furthermore, it is dedicated to addressing occlusion issues in pedestrian detection by using Azure Kinect for body tracking and integrating a robust occlusion management algorithm, significantly enhancing detection efficiency. In experiments, an average latency of 204 milliseconds was measured, and the detection accuracy reached an outstanding level of 97%. Additionally, this approach has been successfully applied in creating a simple yet captivating augmented reality game, demonstrating the practical application of the algorithm.

关键词： AR Pedestrian Detection Occlusion Management RGB-D Azure Kinect Unity

Hydrate Prevention Strategies and the Associated Cost in the Gulf of Mexico

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2024年第2期12卷 286-309页

作者： Ibrahim Ninalowo Bahman Tohidi Institute of Petroleum Engineering Heriot Watt University Edinburgh UK

With the petroleum industry endeavoring to develop promising oil and gas in deeper water, gas hydrates prevention is a serious concern for oil and gas producing companies producing at conditions in the hydrate region. This paper details lessons learned from the successful field deployment of AA LDHI and proper implementation strategies used for 3 different practical fields as case studies in the Gulf of Mexico. From the 3 field experiences, the AA LDHI has been used to replace the conventional thermodynamic hydrate inhibitor due to its numerous benefits during steady state operations and transition operations where AA LDHI is injected prior to extended shut in and restart for fields producing at low water cut. However, the strategy to develop a cost effective chemical management of hydrates for fields producing at high water cut is by pumping methanol or diesel to push down the wellbore fluid below the mud line during planned and unplanned shut-ins to delay water production, it also secures the riser with non hydrate fluids. This illustrates how the AA LDHIs are used in conjunction with more conventional hydrate management approaches to reach an optimal cost effective field hydrate management solution. However, this shows that the key to overall success of hydrate prevention is a full integration of a good front end design, a comprehensive deployment and an effective down hole monitoring system.

关键词： Flow Assurance Hydrate Production Chemistry Hydrate Inhibitor Hydrate Prevention Strategies Deep Water Oil and Gas Production Hydrate Blockage

Development of biomedical hydrogels for rheumatoid arthritis treatment

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2024年第1期19卷 35-48页

作者： Mirza Muhammad Faran Ashraf Baig Lee KiWong Abdul Wasy Zia Hongkai Wu Department of Chemistry Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong 999077China Institute of Mechanical Process and Energy Engineering(IMPEE)School of Engineering and Physical SciencesHeriot-Watt UniversityEdinburghUnited Kingdom

Rheumatoid Arthritis(RA)is an autoimmune disorder that hinders the normal functioning of bones and joints and reduces the quality of human *** year,millions of people are diagnosed with RA worldwide,particularly among elderly individuals and ***,there is a global need to develop new biomaterials,medicines and therapeutic methods for treating *** will improve the Healthcare Access and Quality Index and also relieve administrative and financial burdens on healthcare service providers at a global *** are soft and cross-linked polymeric materials that can store a chunk of fluids,drugs and biomolecules for hydration and therapeutic *** are biocompatible and exhibit excellent mechanical properties,such as providing elastic cushions to articulating joints by mimicking the natural synovial ***,hydrogels create a natural biological environment within the synovial cavity to reduce autoimmune reactions and *** also lubricate the articulating joint surfaces to prevent degradation of synovial surfaces of bones and cartilage,thus exhibiting high potential for treating *** work reviews the progress in injectable and implantable hydrogels,synthesis methods,types of drugs,advantages and ***,it discusses the role of hydrogels in targeted drug delivery,mechanistic behaviour and tribological performance for RA treatment.

关键词： Rheumatoid arthritis Orthopeadic joints Hydrogel Therapeutics Mechanical properties Medicine

Early-stage latent thermal failure of single-crystal Ni-rich layered cathode

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第9期96卷 578-587页

作者： Xiao Han Ruoyu Xu Yan Li Yang Ding Manchen Zhang Bo Wang Xiaoxing Ke Manling Sui Pengfei Yan Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure1nd Property of Solids Faculty of Materials1nd ManufacturingBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China watt Laboratory Central Research InstituteHuawei Technologies Co.LTDShenzhen 518129GuangdongChina

High nickel content worsens the thermal stability of layered cathodes for lithium-ion batteries,raising safety concerns for their *** understanding the thermal failure process can offer valuable guidance for material optimization on thermal stability and new opportunities in monitoring battery thermal runaway(TR).Herein,this work comprehensively investigates the thermal failure process of a single-crystal nickel-rich layered cathode and finds that the latent thermal failure starts at∼120℃far below the TR temperature(225℃).During this stage of heat accumulation,sequential structure transition is revealed by atomic resolution electron microscopy,which follows the layered→cation mixing layered→LiMn_(2)O_(4)-type spinel→disordered spinel→rock *** progression occurs as a result of the continuous migration and densification of transition metal *** transition generates gaseous oxygen,initially confined within the isolated closed pores,thereby not showing any thermal failure phenomena at the *** temperature leads to pore growth and coalescence,and eventually to the formation of open pores,causing oxygen gas release and weight loss,which are the typical TR *** highlight that latent thermal instability occurs before the macro-level TR,suggesting that suppressing phase transitions caused by early thermal instability is a crucial direction for material *** findings can also be used for early warning of battery thermal runaway.

关键词： Thermal runaway Nickel-rich layered cathode Transmission electron microscopy Lithium-ion battery Phase transition

Short circuit analysis of a fault-tolerant current-limiting high temperature superconducting transformer in a power system in presence of distributed generations

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Superconductivity 2024年第1期9卷 74-86页

作者： Alireza Sadeghi Shahin Alipour Bonab Wenjuan Song Mohammad Yazdani-Asrami Propulsion Electrification&Superconductivity GroupAutonomous Systems&Connectivity DivisionJames Watt School of EngineeringUniversity of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQUnited Kingdom

Power transformers are key elements for the safe and reliable delivery of electrical energy generated by renewable energy resources to consumers via transmission ***‐tolerant current‐limiting High Temperature Superconducting(FTCL HTS)transformers are type of superconducting transformers that tolerate fault for seconds and limit the fault current without the threat of burnout or delamination of tapes and deformation of *** this paper,the fault performance of a FTCL HTS transformer in a standard IEEE power system is *** studied transformer is a 50 MVA 132 kV/13.8 kV transformer where both windings are made up of HTS *** understudied power system consists of two microgrids with distributed *** of the power in microgrids is supplied by the upstream grid which is connected to the microgrids through the HTS *** fault scenarios have been considered in this power system,in each one of these scenarios,a fault happens in one of the *** considered fault scenarios have an approximate fault current of 18x to 23x of the rated current in the secondary *** showed that insulated windings in FTCL HTS transformers could substantially reduce the peak temperature of the HTS windings,compared to bare ***,post‐fault loading is imposed on the HTS windings,to observe their performance against the current increase after fault *** this case,for the first scenario of the faults,the FTCL HTS transformer could tolerate 192%of post‐fault overloading,while this number for the second fault scenario is 170%.Finally,the impact of post‐fault loading on the full recovery time was discussed.

关键词： Fault Energy Heat dissipation Heat transfer Insulation Recovery Time Temperature rise

Intelligent solubility estimation of gaseous hydrocarbons in ionic liquids

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Petroleum 2024年第1期10卷 109-123页

作者： Behnaz Basirat Fariborz Shaahmadi Seyed Sorosh Mirfasihi Abolfazl Jomekian Bahamin Bazooyar Ahvaz Faculty of Petroleum Engineering Petroleum University of Technology (PUT) School of Engineering & Physical Sciences Heriot Watt University Department of Fluids & Environment The University of Manchester Department of Engineering Chemical Engineering Group Esfarayen University of Technology Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Brunel University London

The research focuses on evaluating how well new solvents attract light hydrocarbons, such as propane,methane, and ethane, in natural gas sweetening units. It is important to accurately determine the solubility of hydrocarbons in these solvents to effectively manage the sweetening process. To address this challenge, the study proposes using advanced empirical models based on artificial intelligence techniques like Multi-Layer Artificial Neural Network(ML-ANN), Support Vector Machines(SVM), and Least Square Support Vector Machine(LSSVM). The parameters for the SVM and LSSVM models are estimated using optimization methods like Genetic Algorithm(GA), Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO), and Shuffled Complex Evolution(SCE). Data on the solubility of propane, methane, and ethane in various ionic liquids are collected from reliable literature sources to create a comprehensive database. The proposed artificial intelligence models show great accuracy in predicting hydrocarbon solubility in ionic liquids. Among these, the hybrid SVM models perform exceptionally well, with the PSO-SVM hybrid model being particularly efficient computationally. To ensure a comprehensive analysis, different examples of hydrocarbons and their order are included. Additionally, a comparative analysis is conducted to compare the AI models with the thermodynamic COSMO-RS model for solubility analysis. The results demonstrate the superiority of the AI models, as they outperform traditional thermodynamic models across a wide range of data. In conclusion, this study introduces advanced artificial intelligence algorithms such as ML-ANN, SVM, and LSSVM in accurately estimating the solubility of hydrocarbons in ionic liquids. The incorporation of optimization techniques and variations in hydrocarbon examples improves the accuracy, precision, and reliability of these intelligent models. These findings highlight the significant potential of AI-based approaches in solubility analysis and emphasize their superiori

关键词： Solubility Gaseous hydrocarbon Intelligent models Ionic liquids

Optimal investment and consumption with forward preferences and uncertain parameters

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Probability, Uncertainty and Quantitative Risk 2024年第1期9卷 65-84页

作者： Wing Fung Chong Gechun Liang Marwell Institute for Mathematical Sciences and Department of Actuarial Mathematics and Statistics Heriot-Watt UniversityEdinburgh EH144ASUK Department of Statistics The University of WarwickCoventry CV47ALUK

We introduce and analyze a class of forward performance criteria in incomplete markets in the presence of model *** stems from general investment constraints,while model uncertainty is represented by a convex and compact set of plausible model parameter *** the max-min criteria in traditional(backward)robust control,we formulate similar criteria for the robust forward performance processes and focus on the rich class of time-monotone *** provide a novel PDE characterization and a semi-explicit saddle-point construction of the robust forward performance criteria and their optimal ***,we present additional results within the class of homothetic constant relative risk aversion(CRRA)*** this class,we investigate the relationship between forward performance processes on wealth and those on consumption,establishing an interesting dominance through time.

关键词： Robust forward performance criteria Portfolio constraints Consumption Saddle points Constant relative risk aversion

Adaptive pandemic management strategies for construction sites:An agent-based modeling approach

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Frontiers of Engineering Management 2024年第2期11卷 288-310页

作者： Chengqian LI Qi FANG Ke CHEN Zhikang BAO Zehao JIANG Wenli LIU School of Civil Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China School of Civil Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410004China School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Energy GeoscienceInfrastructureand SocietyHeriot-Watt UniversityEdinburghUK

In the face of sudden pandemics,it becomes crucial for project managers to quickly adapt and make informed decisions that anticipate the consequences of their *** highlights the need for proactive management strategies to enhance epidemic response ***,current research mainly emphasizes the negative impacts of pandemics,often neglecting the development of adaptable management approaches for construction *** study aims to fill this research void by developing strategies tailored to managing pandemics at construction *** agent-based modeling,the study simulates the movement patterns of workers and the consequent spread of an epidemic under different risk scenarios and management *** results indicate that measures such as wearing masks,managing group activities,and enforcing entry controls can significantly reduce epidemic spread on construction sites,with entry controls showing the greatest effectiveness.

关键词： epidemic transmission agent-based modeling safety management management strategy

Deep Learning based Efficient Edge Slicing for System Cost Minimization in Wireless Networks

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Journal of Communications and Information Networks 2024年第2期9卷 162-175页

作者： Wei Jiang Daquan Feng Liping Qian Yao Sun College of Information Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310023China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Digital Creative Technology Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Digital Creative TechnologyCollege of Electronics and Information EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China James watt School of Engineering University of GlasgowG128QQScotlandUK

It is widely recognized that the future wireless networks are able to efficiently slice heterogeneous resources to provide customized services for various use cases. However, it is challenging to meet the diverse requirements of ever-growing applications, especially the stringent requirements of numerous delay-sensitive and/or computation-intensive applications. To tackle this challenge, we should not only consider user admission control to cope with resource limitations, but also make resource management more intelligent and flexible to meet diverse service needs. Taking advantages of mobile edge computing(MEC)and network slicing, in this paper, we propose deep edge slicing(DES),to jointly optimize user admission control and resource scheduling with the aim of minimizing the system cost while guaranteeing multitudinous quality-of-service (QoS) requirements. Specifically, we first apply a deep reinforcement learning approach to select the optimal set of access users with different service requests for maximizing resource *** a deep learning algorithm is employed to predict traffic data for allocating the communication and computing resources to different slices in advance. Finally, we realize the dynamic scheduling of heterogeneous resources by solving the optimization problem of minimizing the system cost. Simulation results demonstrate that DES can greatly reduce the system cost compared to other benchmarks.

关键词： deep learning mobile edge computing user admission control resource scheduling