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Model based decision support system for land use changes and socio-economic assessments

Journal of Arid Land 2018年第2期10卷 169-182页

作者： YU Yang CHEN Xi Philipp HUTTNER Marie HINNENTHAL Andreas BRIEDEN SUN Lingxiao Markus DISSE Xinjiang Institute of ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Chair of hydrology and River Basin Management Technical University of Munich Chair of Statistics and Risk Management Universitaet der Bundeswehr Muenchen

Hydrological models are often linked with other models in cognate sciences to understand the interactions among climate, earth, water, ecosystem, and human society. This paper presents the development and implementation of a decision support system（DSS） that links the outputs of hydrological models with real-time decision making on social-economic assessments and land use management. Discharge and glacier geometry changes were simulated with hydrological model, water availability in semiarid environments. Irrigation and ecological water were simulated by a new commercial software MIKE HYDRO. Groundwater was simulated by MODFLOW. All the outputs of theses hydrological models were taken as inputs into the DSS in three types of links： regression equations, stationary data inputs, or dynamic data inputs as the models running parallel in the simulation periods. The DSS integrates the hydrological data, geographic data, social and economic statistical data, and establishes the relationships with equations, conditional statements and fuzzy logics. The programming is realized in C＋＋. The DSS has four remarkable features：（1） editable land use maps to assist decision-making;（2） conjunctive use of surface and groundwater resources;（3） interactions among water, earth, ecosystem, and humans; and（4） links with hydrological models. The overall goal of the DSS is to combine the outputs of scientific models, knowledge of experts, and perspectives of stakeholders, into a computer-based system, which allows sustainability impact assessment within regional planning; and to understand ecosystem services and integrate them into land and water management.

关键词： decision support system hydrological modeling ecosystem services land management socio-economic indicator Tarim River Basin

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Rural resident household food consumption patterns in the Ganzhou district of Zhangye city:an analysis based on ELES Model

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2009年第2期1卷 177-184页

作者： Fang Su ZhongMin Xu HaiYang Shang The Laboratory of watershed hydrology and ecology Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China.

Demand for food plays an important role in the adjustment of prices for agricultural products and for adjusting agricultural *** using the extended linear expenditure system(ELES),we analyzed the food consumption structure of rural residents in the Ganzhou district of Zhangye city,and determined the basic food-consumption demand,the marginal propensity of consumption,the income elasticities of demand,and the own-price and cross-price elasticities of local rural residents,all of which illustrate the influencing factors on food consumption of rural residents and for forecasting the food-consumption *** analyses show the following:the rural residents’ expenditure on household basic food consumption reaches about 7,050.35 Yuan;the marginal propensities of consumption of fruits and vegetables are relatively high(0.062 and 0.106,respectively),followed by meat(0.044);the demands for various foods are increasing as income increases,with the largest income elasticity of demand corresponding to fruits(1.354) and the lowest to cereal(0.310);fruits and vegetables have relatively high own-price elasticities(respectively-0.879 and-0.442),with the cereal having the lowest one(-0.184).An increase in cereal prices would greatly affect demand for other products;with the rising size of rural households,the consumption for meat is decreasing whereas it is increasing for *** improvement of household education levels will lead to the increase of fruit consumption(E = 0.297),which indicates that people will pay more attention to diet and nutrition structure with the improvement of ***,although the amount of cereal expenditure is continually growing,the share will be declining with the increase of household income in *** all these reasons,therefore,the government should encourage the cultivation of economic crops and guide the development of stockbreeding to ensure the stability of cereal *** order to attain the balance between supp

关键词： extended linear expenditure system the marginal propensity of consumption Income elasticities of demand household food consumption

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Precipitation Type Estimation and Validation in China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第4期11卷 917-925页

作者： CHEN Ren-sheng LIU Jun-feng SONG Yao-xuan Qilian Alpine ecology & hydrology Research Station Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Inland River Ecohydrology Chinese Academy of Sciences

The results from three methods aimed at improving precipitation type （e.g., rain, sleet, and snow） estimation are presented and compared in this paper. The methods include the threshold air temperature （AT）, threshold wet bulb temperature （WBT） and Koistinen and Saltikoff （KSS） methods. Dot graphs are plotted to acquire the threshold air temperature or the threshold wet bulb temperature using daily averaged air temperature, wet bulb temperature and precipitation data at 643 stations from 1961 to 1979 （precipitation types are not labeled in the database from 1980 to present） in China. The results indicate that the threshold AT or WBT methods are not able to differentiate rain, sleet and snow in the most regions in China; sleet is difficult to differentiate from other precipitation types based on the two threshold methods. Therefore, one threshold AT and WBT method was used in this study to differentiate rain and snow. Based on Gaussian- Kriging interpolation of threshold air temperature （To） and wet bulb temperature （Tw）, the To and Tw contour lines and contour surfaces are calculated for China. Finally, a comparison between the KSS, AT and WBT methods are provided in which the KSS method is calculated based on air temperature and relative humidity. The results suggest that the KSS method is more appropriate for water phase estimation than are the other methods; the maximum precision for rain and snow is 99% and 94%, respectively. The AT method performs better than the WBT method when the critical air temperature is 2℃.

关键词： Threshold temperature Wet bulbtemperature Precipitation type Hydrologicalprocesses

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Diversity of non-timber forest products in Cachar District, Assam, India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第2期25卷 463-470页

作者： Shovan Dattagupta Abhik Gupta Manoranjan Ghose Department of ecology and Environmental Science Assam University Biological Sciences division Indian Statistical Institute

We identified 67 and 21 NTFP-yielding plant and animal species, respectively, in a reserve forest in Cachar district of Assam. We recorded globally threatened species listed by IUCN as Critically Endangered （plant species Dipterocarpus turbinatus）, Vulnerable （plant species Aquillaria malaccensis）, Endangered （animal species Hoolock hoolock, Indotestudo elongata and Manis pentadactyla）, and Vulnerable （animal species Nilssonia hurum and Rusa unicolor）. The whole plant or animal and/or their various parts were used as food or medicine, in house construction, magico-religious activities and others. While some NTFPs were harvested throughout the year, others were harvested seasonally. A comprehensive NTFP policy, along with scientific measures for regen- eration, restoration and augmentation of NTFP-yielding plants and animals, would help in addressing the conflicting demands of conservation and livelihood in the forests of this area.

关键词： Non-timber forest product (NTFP) lndo-Burma biodiversity hotspot Assam IUCN red list diversity threatened taxa

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Interspecific competition, hybridization, and reproductive isolation in secondary contact： missing perspectives on males and females

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Current Zoology 2018年第1期64卷 75-88页

作者： Sara E. LIPSHUTZ Department of ecology and Evolutionary Biology Division of Biology University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTennessee 37996 USA

Research on sexual selection and hybridization has focused on female mate choice and male-male competition. While the evolutionary outcomes of interspecific female preference have been well explored, we are now gaining a better understanding of the processes by which male-male compe- tition between species in secondary contact promotes reproductive isolation versus hybridization. What is relatively unexplored is the interaction between female choice and male competition, as they can oppose one another or align with similar outcomes for reproductive isolation. The role of female-female competition in hybridization is also not well understood, but could operate similarly to male-male competition in polyandrous and other systems where costs to heterospecific mating are low for females. Reproductive competition between either sex of sympatric species can cause the divergence and/or convergence of sexual signals and recognition, which in turn influences the likelihood for interspecific mating. Future work on species interactions in secondary contact should test the relative influences of both mate choice and competition for mates on hybridization outcomes, and should not ignore the possibilities that females can compete over mating resources, and males can exercise mate choice.

关键词： female-female competition hybridization male-male competition reproductive isolation sexual selection

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Distribution and Estimation of Aboveground Biomass of Alpine Shrubs along an Altitudinal Gradient in a Small watershed of the Qilian Mountains, China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2015年第4期12卷 961-971页

作者： LIU Zhang-wen CHEN Ren-sheng SONG Yao-xuan HAN Chun-tan Qilian Alpine ecology & hydrology Research Station Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland Basin Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Shrublands serve as an important component of terrestrial ecosystems, and play an important role in structure and functions of alpine *** estimation of biomass is critical to examination of the productivity of alpine ecosystems, due to shrubification under climate change in past *** this study, 14 experimental plots and 42 quadrates of the shrubs Potentilla fruticosa and Caragana jubata were selected along altitudes gradients from 3220 to 3650 m a.s.l.(above sea level) on semi-sunny and semi-shady slope in Hulu watershed of Qilian Mountains, *** foliage, woody component and total aboveground biomass per quadrate were examined using a selective destructive method, then the biomass were estimated via allometric equations based on measured parameters for two shrub *** results showed that *** accounted for 1–3 times more biomass(480.98 g/m2) than ***(191.21 g/m2).The aboveground biomass of both the shrubs varied significantly with altitudinal gradient(P<0.05).Woody component accounted for the larger proportion than foliage component in the total aboveground *** biomass on semi-sunnyslopes(200.27 g/m2 and 509.07 g/m2) was greater than on semi-shady slopes(182.14 g/m2 and 452.89g/m2) at the same altitude band for *** and *** contrast, the foliage biomass on semi-shady slopes(30.50 g/m2) was greater than on semi-sunny slopes(27.51 g/m2) for two *** deceased with increasing altitude for ***, whereas *** showed a hump-shaped pattern with *** equations were obtained from the easily descriptive parameters of height(H), basal diameter(D) and crown area(C) for biomass of *** and *** the equations type and variables comprising of the best model varied among the species, all equations related to biomass were significant(P < 0.005), with determination coefficients(R2) ranging from 0.81 to *** allometric equations satisfied the requirements of t

关键词： Aboveground biomass Allometric equations Alpine shrub Altitudinal gradient Qilian Mountains

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A semi-physical sediment yield model for estimation of suspended sediment in loess region

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2017年第1期32卷 12-19页

作者： Wei Si Weimin Bao Peng Jiang Liping Zhao Simin Qu Business School of Hohai University College of hydrology and Water Resources Hohai University division of Hydrologic Sciences Desert Research Institute

Sediment yield is a complex function of many environmental factors including climate,hydrology,vegetation,basin topography,soil types,and land *** present a new semi-physical watershed sediment yield model for the estimation of suspended sediment in loess *** model is composed by three modules in slope,gully,and stream *** slope sediment yield,a balance equation is established based on the concept of hydraulic erosion capacity and soil erosion resistance *** to the statistical analysis of watershed characteristics,we use an exponential curve to approximately describe the spatial variability of watershed soil erosion resistance *** gully phase,the relationship between gully sediment concentration and flow velocity is established based on the Bagnold’ stream power *** the stream phase,we assume a linear dependence of the sediment volume in the reach on the weighted sediment input and *** proposed sediment yield model is operated in conjunction with a conceptual hydrologic model,and is tested over 16 regions including testing grounds,and small,medium and large watersheds in the loess plateau region in the mid-reach of Yellow *** results indicate that the model is reasonable in structure and is able to provide a good simulation of sediment generation and transportation processes at both flood event scale and inter-annual time *** proposed model is generally applicable to the watersheds with soil texture similar to that of the loess plateau region in the Yellow River basin in China.

关键词： Hydraulic erosion capacity Erosion resistance capacity Sediment yield Suspended sediment Loess region

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A framework for quantifying properties of 3-dimensional movement-based signals

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Current Zoology 2010年第3期56卷 327-336页

作者： Shaun TD NEW Richard A PETERS ARC Centre of Excellence in Vision Science Division of EvolutionEcology & GeneticsResearch School of BiologyThe Australian National University

Understanding how signal properties are optimized for the reliable transmission of information requires accurate de- scription of the signal in time and space. For movement-based signals where movement is restricted to a single plane, measure- ments from a single viewpoint can be used to consider a range of viewing positions based on simple geometric calculations. However, considerations of signal properties from a range of viewing positions for movements extending into three-dimensions （3D） are more problematic. We present here a new framework that overcomes this limitation, and enables us to quantify the extent to which movement-based signals are view-specific. To illustrate its application, a Jacky lizard tail flick signal was filmed with synchronized cameras and the position of the tail tip digitized for both recordings. Camera aligmnent enabled tl^e construction of a 3D display action pattern profile. We analyzed the profile directly and used it to create a detailed 3D animation. In the virtual environment, we were able to film the same signal from multiple viewing positions and using a computational motion analysis algorithm （gradient detector model） to measure local image velocity in order to predict view dependent differences in signal properties. This approach will enable consideration of a range of questions concerning movement-based signal design and evolu- tion that were previously out of reach [Current Zoology 56 （3）： 327-336, 2010].

关键词： Signal evolution Sensory ecology Movement-based signal 3D Display Action Pattern

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Isotope hydrogeochemical models for assessing the hydrological processes in a part of the largest continental flood basalts province of India

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第2期13卷 200-213页

作者： Md.Arzoo Ansari Jacob Noble Archana Deodhar U.Saravana Kumar Isotope and Radiation Application division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreTrombayMumbai 400085India Isotope hydrology Section Division of Physical and Chemical SciencesInternational Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA)ViennaAustria

Continental Flood Basalts(CFB)occupy one fourth of the world’s land ***,it is important to discern the hydrological processes in this complex hydrogeological setup for the sustainable water resources development.A model assisted isotope,geochemical,geospatial and geophysical study was conducted to understand the monsoonal characteristics,recharge processes,renewability and geochemical evolution in one of the largest continental flood basalt provinces of *** modelling and stable isotopes were used to assess the monsoonal *** distillation model were used to understand the climatic conditions at the time of groundwater *** parameter models(LPM)were employed to quantify the mean transit time(MTT)of *** and geochemical models were adopted to understand the geochemical evolution along the groundwater flow path.A geophysical model was used to understand the geometry of the *** back trajectory analysis confirms the isotopic finding that precipitation in this region is caused by orographic uplifting of air masses originating from the Arabian *** isotopic data of groundwater showed its meteoric origin and two recharge processes were discerned;(i)quick and direct recharge by precipitation through fractured and weathered basalt,(ii)low infiltration through the clayey black cotton soil and subjected to evaporation prior to the *** data showed that the groundwater is a renewable source and have shorter transit times(from present day to<30 years).The hydrogeochemical study indicated multiple sources/processes such as:the minerals dissolution,silicate weathering,ion exchange,anthropogenic influences *** the chemistry of the *** on the geo-electrical resistivity survey,the potential zones(weathered and fractured)were delineated for the groundwater ***,the study highlights the usefulness of model assisted isotopic hydrogeochemical techniques for underst

关键词： Stable isotopes Groundwater recharge Hydrological processes Modelling Deccan Traps

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Which adjustment methods are suitable for the wind-induced errors of Geonor T-200BM3 precipitation weighing gauges in a periglacial site?

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2023年第5期14卷 707-719页

作者： Lei WANG Ren-Sheng CHEN Wei-Jun SUN Chun-Tan HAN Bao-Juan HUAI Yan-Ni ZHAO College of Geography and Environment Shandong Normal UniversityJinan 250358China Qilian Alpine ecology and hydrology Research Station Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

Single Alter shielded T-200BM3 weighing precipitation gauges are widely used in the measurement of all precipitation types(rainfall,snow and mixed precipitation)in unattended boreal or alpine regions,but their original datasets must be adjusted for undercatch errors caused by wind in snowy,windy and harsh ***,previous researchers have developed many adjustment methods for all precipitation types on different time ***,which adjustment method is suitable for T-200BM3 weighing gauge wind-induced error adjustment in harsh alpine regions is ***,precipitation measurement intercomparison experiments were conducted in the Qilian Mountains from July 2018 to July 2021,and eight adjustment methods;were evaluated for wind-induced errors for daily,individual precipitation event,hourly,and half-hourly time scales.Z2004 outperformed the other adjustment methods in regard to the daily measurements of snow and mixed *** individual snowfall events,M2007 reduced the absolute value of RMSE(bias)from 1.44 to 1.32 mm(0.77-0.24 mm)and could be recommended for snowfall event adjustment.K2017-1 attained a better performance than K2017-2 in regard to half-hourly snowfall and mixed sample adjustment and was more suitable for half-hourly snowfall sample adjustment.K2017-1 reduced the absolute value of bias from 0.07 to 0.00 mm for ***,Z2004,M2007,and K2017-1 yielded better adjustment results for the daily accumulation precipitation amount(>2 mm d−1),individual snowfall events(>2 mm per event),and half-hourly accumulation snowfall or mixed samples(>1 mm 30 min−1),***,further intercomparison in different climate regions is needed for trace precipitation samples.

关键词： Evaluation Wind-induced errors Adjustment methods Weighing gauges Periglacial site

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