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Religion and “Zero-Dose” Vaccination Status in Children Aged 12 to 23 Months in benin and Togo: “Evidence of Demographic and Health Survey and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys”

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2023年第4期13卷 306-327页

作者： Nyulelen Toyi Mangbassim Alphonse Kpozehouen Jacques Zinsou Saizonou Nicolas Gaffan Aissata Ba Sidibe Marie Therese Guigui Yaovi Temfan Toke Dadja Essoya Landoh Assima-Essodom Kalao Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Regional Institute of Public Health of Ouidah University of Abomey-Calavi Ouidah Benin Health Policy and Systems Department Regional Institute of Public Health of Ouidah University of Abomey-Calavi Ouidah Benin UNICEF Country Office of Togo Lome Togo World Health Organization Country Office of Togo Lome Togo Ministry of Health Public Hygiene and Universal Access to Care Lome Togo

Introduction: The relationship between religion and health has been a topic of interest in the past, and in recent years it has become increasingly visible in the social, behavioural, and health sciences. This work aims to study the influence of religion on the “zero-dose” vaccination status of children aged 12 - 23 months in benin and Togo. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study which consisted in carrying out secondary analyzes using the databases of the most recent editions of the Demographic and Health Surveys in benin and the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) in Togo. We extracted data concerning the vaccination status (“1 = zero-dose”, “0 = vaccinated”) of the children, the religious affiliation of the head of the household or the mother and other variables related to the child, the mother, the household and the environment. By means of a logistic regression, the adjusted effect of the religious affiliation of the head of the household or of the mother on the vaccination status at “zero-dose” was determined. Results: A total of 2430 and 933 children were respectively included in the study on behalf of benin and Togo. The prevalence of “zero-dose” vaccination status in children aged 12 - 23 months was 33.91% (95% CI = 31.67 - 36.23) in benin and this prevalence was 26.88% (95% CI = 23.50 - 30.55) in Togo. In benin, there is no evidence in favour of the influence of the religious affiliation of the mother on the “zero-dose” vaccination status of children. In Togo, children living in households whose head was Muslim (ORa = 3.44;95% CI = 1.29 - 9.13) were more likely to be “zero-dose” than those coming from households run by individuals with no religious beliefs. Conclusion: Further research is needed to understand the basis for the excess risk of “zero-dose” vaccination status in children that appears to be associated with the Muslim religion.

关键词： Vaccination “Zero-Dose” Children Religion Evidence DHS MICS benin Togo

Hydro-Sedimentary Dynamics of the Grand-Popo Lagoon Located Upstream of the Mobile Embouchure “Bouche du Roy” in South-Western benin

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2021年第11期9卷 98-112页

作者： Honorin Gbinibou Andemi Gérard A. F. d’Almeida Moussa Bio Djara Léandre Accalogoun Rodrigue A. Adechina Christophe Kaki Laboratory of Geology Mines & Environment (Labo GME) Department of Earth Sciences (DES) University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin ACL Consultant: General Engineering Design office Cotonou Benin

The problems of flooding, bank erosion and even the breaching of the barrier beach by the Grand-Popo lagoon are a concern in the south-western beninese river-lagoon complex. The present study aims to improve the knowledge of the factors controlling the hydro-sedimentary functioning of this lagoon of Grand-Popo. It was based on bathymetric and sedimentological studies and the analysis of physical-chemical parameters of the water and allowed to know the morphology of the lagoon bottom and the distribution of sedimentary facies according to the intensity of the water current. The salinity of the lagoon waters shows a west-east gradient passing thus from 0‰ to 0.78‰ in the main direction of flow. Over the whole lagoon system, the average liquid flows vary from -38.499 to 159.13 m3/s. The bathymetry indicates depths varying from 0.4 to 6.5 m, revealing type V and type U lagoon bottoms which reflect acute bottom concavities marked by hollowing under the effect of strong currents or by sandy terraces resulting from the continuous input of sediments carried by the Mono River. These sediments are heterogeneously distributed in the lagoon bottom and vary from free sand to mud. Given the complexity of the factors that control the hydro-sedimentary functioning of the Grand-Popo lagoon, it is recommended that periodic hydrological and bathymetric monitoring be carried out to locate exceptional variations in water levels to prevent not only the risks of overflowing lagoon waters and the flooding that follows but also spectacular erosion of the lagoon banks.

关键词： Grand-Popo Lagoon Hydro-Sedimentary Functioning Lagoon Bottoms Sediments

Paratesticular Rhabdomyosarcoma in a 30 Months Old Child at the Lagoon Mother and Child Teaching Hospital (CHUMEL) in Cotonou

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第1期12卷 245-251页

作者： Bognon Gilles Akodjenou Joseph Guédénon Medard Soho Edson Kunaba Safari Dominique Gbenou Antoine Séraphin Alao Jules Maroufou Pediatric Oncology Unit Departmental Teaching Hospital of Ouémé and Plateau (CHUDOP) Porto-Novo Benin Intensive Care Unit Lagoon Mother and Child Teaching Hospital (CHUMEL) Cotonou Benin Pediatric Surgery Department Lagoon Mother and Child Teaching Hospital (CHUMEL) Cotonou Benin Radiography Ultrasound and Scanning Office (CRES) Cotonou Benin Pediatrics Department Lagoon Mother and Child Teaching Hospital (CHUMEL) Cotonou Benin

Introduction: Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common soft tissue tumor in children. Modern multidisciplinary approaches make it possible to better characterize the different entities and to adapt the treatment accordingly. Paratesticular localization is rare and aggressive. We report here a case of paratesticular localization in a 30 months old boy. Observation: The parents would have noticed a small, painless and rapidly evolving testicular mass in the 6 months old child. Not having health insurance, they went to the hospital only 5 months later. This was followed by a total ablation of the mass (without orchidectomy) and a pleiomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma had been concluded. No chemotherapy was performed and the mass recurred 2 months later. This time, its ablation was followed by a series of non-adapted chemotherapy sessions with irregular follow-ups leading 8 months later to the child’s admission at our department. He presented with a degraded general condition, associating an infectious and anemic syndrome, an important increase of the scrotal mass and the occurrence of a tumoral mass in the left iliac fossa. The tumoral nature of these masses was confirmed on abdominal ultrasound and scan. The tumor was classified stage II (TNM: initial Tumors, Nodes, Metastasis). The multidisciplinary medical staff indicated a total ablation of the two masses, followed by a new session of adapted chemotherapy, in the absence of radiotherapy means. The child died in the immediate surgery follow-ups due to cardiac arrest. Conclusion: In our context of insufficient technical facilities, only early detection and adapted imperative chemotherapy, would have enabled a durable remission in front of the paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma.

关键词： Tumor Paratesticular Rhabdomyosarcoma Treatment Boy

Psycho-Emotional Aspects and Risk Factors Associated with the Onerous Nature of Retirement Concerning Civil Servants within the Public Administration in Parakou (benin)

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2016年第2期6卷 143-150页

作者： Anselme Djidonou Tchégnonsi Francis Tognon Ahoya Christophe Fabien Gounongbé Thierry Adoukonou Elie Iréti Nethania Ataïgba Houédénou Brice Thierry Hounlèlou Prosper Gandaho Benjamin Fayomi Simon Ayélèroun Akpona Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Faculty of Health Science University of Abomey Calavi Abomey Calavi Benin

Background: In 20% of cases, retirement is experienced as a life event with risk of isolation and loneliness. The objective is to study the psycho-emotional aspects and risk factors associated with civil servants onerous retirement. Methods: It was a descriptive and cross-sectional study which involved 233 pensioners met at the Public Treasury’s Revenue office in Parakou from June 1 to August 30, 2013. Data were collected through an interview on vulnerability criteria, and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale was used in assessing both anxiety level and depressed mood. Results: Pensioners’ average age was 61.1 ± 6.7 years. Males aged 50 to 60 years represented 47.2%. Following the announcement of retirement, 88.9% had feelings of fear, and 75.8% showed moderate to severe anxiety prevalence of which 88.2% were females and 73.9% males. The distribution according to professional categories was as follow: A (77.3%);B (72.6%);C (69.2%);(85.5%);E (85.7%). Retirement risk factors were: dependants (73.1%), age-related disorders (40.3%), lack of health insurance coverage (24.6%) resulting in a depressed mood (36%) strongly associated with a feeling of family and social abandon (87.8% P = 0.02). Conclusion: Depending on job onerousness in each professional category and associated psycho-social risk factors, it is important to implement an adequate action plan in view of promoting pensioners mental health.

关键词： Retirement Anxiety Onerousness Vulnerability Mental Health

Geotechnical Properties of Some Clay Deposits in Some Parts of Southwestern Nigeria in Relation to Its Engineering Implications on Constructions

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Advances in Geological and Geotechnical Engineering Research 2022年第3期4卷 49-61页

作者： O.Andre-Obayanju A.J.Edegbai O.J.Imarhiagbe Geology Department University of BeninBenin CityEdo StateNigeria Division of Earth Sciences and Geography RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany

Twenty-two clay samples from Oduna,Okada,and Etsako clay deposits in Southwestern Nigeria were subjected to Geotechnical analysis to evaluate their impact on engineering,especially on *** results revealed that the clays deposits were majorly fine-grained texture(office(AASHTO)and Unified system classification scheme(USCS),the samples fell within A-7-6(clayey soil)indicating a subgrade that is fair to poor and within the CL-CH category of fine-grained soil with medium to very high *** having maximum dry density(MDD)to optimum moisture content(OMC)ranges from 0.94 g/cm^(3)~1.68 g/cm^(3)to 11.9%~44.5%,Triaxial result with cohesion between 0.33~35 and shear strength from 44~120 and California bearing ratio for unsoaked bottom 7.52~40,top 4.82~39.18 and soaked bottom 2.89~30.41,top 4.21~*** geotechnical properties of the clay deposits do not meet the standard requirement hence the implication in engineering might be susceptibility to construction failures.

关键词： Clay deposits Geotechnical Engineering Edo

Contributions of the Measles Follow-Up Vaccination Campaign to Improving the Vaccination Coverage of Children Aged 6 - 59 Months in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2019

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2023年第3期13卷 151-166页

作者： Lamidhi Salami Yolaine Glele-Ahanhanzo Marcellin Mengouo Nimpa Charles Jerome Sossa Maria Carolina Danovaro-Holliday Julien Saleh Moïse Désiré Yapi John Samuel Tonda Epenge Otomba Elisabeth Musenga Mukamba Charles Patrick Makoutode Edgard-Marius Ouendo Policies and Health Systems Department Regional Institute of Public Health Ouidah Benin Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Regional Institute of Public Health University of Abomey-Calavi Ouidah Benin Immunization and Vaccines Development (IVD) Program Office of World Health Organisation Kinshasa DR Congo Health Promotion Department Regional Institute of Public Health Ouidah Benin Department of Immunization Vaccines and Biologicals (IVB) World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland Ministry of Public Health Hygiene and Prevention Kinshasa DR Congo

Background: In accordance with its measles elimination strategic plan 2012-2020, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) organized a follow-up vaccination campaign against measles from October to December 2019 in 26 provinces. This study aims to establish the contribution of this supplementary vaccination campaign to protecting children against measles. Methods: The survey was carried out in November 2020 among households of the DRC, according to the 2018 revised version of the World Health Organization’s stratified cluster sampling method, using multiple stage sampling. It targeted 280 children aged 6 - 59 months per stratum or province, with 10 children in each of the 28 selected clusters. Data collection using tablets with centralized and real-time data processing was preceded by enumeration to refine the household sampling frame. Clusters and households were selected by random draw. Data collected with CS Pro 7 software were analyzed with SPSS, Epi info 7 and Excel software to determine indicators and make before-after comparisons using the McNemar test, at a precision threshold of 5%. Results: Of the 8535 surveyed children, 89.5% were vaccinatedduring the follow-up campaign and 81.6% were vaccinated before. Only 3.7% had correctly completed campaign vaccination cards. Estimated vaccination coverage increased from 80.8% before the campaign to 92.6% after the campaign (p 0.001). Vaccination coverage after campaign against measles improved in all provinces (p < 0.001) except Bas-Uele and Maniema. Thirteen provinces reached the national coverage target of 95%, compared to five before the campaign. The proportion of zero-dose children dropped significantly after this campaign from 19.2% to 7.4% (p 0.001), and even fell below 1% in six provinces. Conclusion: This measles vaccination campaign improved overall vaccination coverage by 10% and reached more unvaccinated children. Efforts must continue to improve the retention of vaccination card, the adherence of unvac

关键词： Measles Democratic Republic of the Congo Child under 59 Months Vaccination Campaign

Cholera Recurrence within benin Littoral County: Analysis of Epidemics from 2008, 2016 to 2023

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第2期14卷 353-365页

作者： Mongbo Virginie Avahoun Valentin Agbomakouzo Evariste Sopoh Ghislain Aguemon Badirou Ouendo Edgard-Marius Regional Institute of Public Health Ministry of Public health of benin Cotonou B&#233ninBenin Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin

Introduction: Cholera is an acute diarrheal infection caused by the bacillus Vibrio cholerae, which can be fatal in a few hours if left untreated. It rages in endemic-epidemic mode in several countries, including benin. Despite being the economic capital, the largest city in benin and the most urbanized municipality in the country, the Littoral County, confounded with the city of Cotonou, is subject to recurrent epidemics. This paper aims to analyze successive cholera epidemics with a view of highlighting the factors contributing to this recurrence. Methods: A secondary analysis was done of the cholera-related databases of the County health office from 2016 to 2023, and its Situation Report No. 79 of December 7th, 2016, to describe the 2016 epidemic. Database data were analyzed in Excel. Results: Similarly to 2008, the 2016 cholera epidemic in Cotonou, which recorded 519 cases and 07 deaths, i.e. a case-fatality rate of 1.35%, spread to the town and six neighboring municipalities. The municipality of So-Ava, home to the index case, had the highest overall attack rate. The two epidemics share the same period of severity. Both epidemic and endemic cases are concentrated in the first seven boroughs of Cotonou, located on the lagoon shore, with low levels of hygiene and sanitation and a poor supply of drinking water. Conclusion: Low levels of hygiene, sanitation and drinking water supply all play a part in the recurrence of cholera epidemics. Sanitation work. Undertaken by the beninese government is a ray of hope for improving this situation. Meanwhile, public awareness of hygiene measures must continue.

关键词： Recurrence Cholera Cotonou

Neglected tropical diseases activities in Africa in the COVID-19 era:the need for a"hybrid" approach in COVID-endemic times

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2021年第1期10卷 74-86页

作者： David Molyneux Simon Bush Ron Bannerman Philip Downs Joy Shu'aibu Pelagie Boko-Collins loasia Radvan Leah Wohlgemuth Chris Boyton Department of Tropical Diseases Biology Centre for Neglected Tropical DiseasesLiverpool School of Tropical MedicinePern broke PlaceLiverpool L35QAUK Neglected Tropical Diseases SightsaversAirportP O Box KIA18190AccraGhana Neglected Tropical Diseases(Ascend West and Central Africa) Sightsavers35 Perrymount RdHaywards Heath RH163BZUK Neglected Tropical Diseases Sightsavers23 Beverly Dr.DurhamNC 27707USA Programme Operations SightsaversNigeria Country Office-No 1 Golf Course RoadRO.Box 503KadunaNigeria Neglected Tropical Diseases SightsaversBenin Country Office-3 rd Floor of the Riveria Golf BuildingAkpakpaLot 4002 FOld BridgeRepublic of Benin Neglected Tropical Diseases Sightsavers35Perrymount RdHaywards Heath RH163BZ.UK M&C Saatchi World Services 36 Golden SquareLondon W 9EEUK.

With the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic showing no signs of abating,resuming neglected tropical disease(NTD)activities,particularly mass drug administration(MDA)Z is *** to resume activities will not only enhance the risk of NTD transmission,but will fail to leverage behaviour change messaging on the importance of hand and face washing and improved sanitation--a common strategy for several NTDs that also reduces the risk of COVID-19 *** so-called"hybrid approach"will dem on strate best practices for mitigating the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)by incorporating physical distancing,use of masks,and frequent hand-washing in the delivery of medicines to endemic communities and support action against the transmission of the virus through water,sanitation and hygiene interventions promoted by NTD *** MDA and morbidity management activities resume,achievement of NTD targets as projected in the who/NTD Roadmap(2021-2030)will be deferred,the aspirational goal of NTD programmes to enhance universal health coverage jeopardised and the call to leave no one behind'a hollow *** outline what implementing this hybrid approach,which aims to strengthen health systems,and facilitate integration and cross-sector collaboration,can achieve based on work undertaken in several African countries.

关键词： COVID-19 Neglected tropical diseases Mass drug administration Morbidity management Communities Water Sanitation and hygiene Behaviour change

Surveillance of Surgical Site Infections: A Public Health Emergency in a Regional Hospital of Northern benin. A Prospective Observational Pilot Study

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Surgical Science 2023年第1期14卷 38-45页

作者： Montcho Adrien Hodonou Bio Tamou Sêmêvo Romaric Tobome Thierry Hessou Robert Akpata Allassan Boukari Ulrich Parfait Otchoun Roméo Haoudou Gambattista Priuli Salako Alexandre Allodé Gildas Kedalo Mohamed Abbas Delphin Kuassi Mehinto Roberto Caronna Department of General Surgery Regional University Hospital of Borgou Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Republic of Benin Department of General Surgery Saint Jean de Dieu Hospital Tanguiéta (SJDHT) Tanguiéta Republic of Benin French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) Bordeaux France office of The Sanitary Zone of Kouandé-Kérou-Péhunco Kouandé Republic of Benin Infection Control Program Geneva University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Geneva Switzerland Faculty of Health Sciences Cotonou Bénin Department of Surgical Sciences Sapienza University of Roma Roma Italy

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are considered as result of the healthcare quality in hospitals. Objective: to study SSI at Saint Jean de Dieu Hospital Tanguieta (SJDHT), prior to the implementation of a permanent monitoring system. Method: transversal, and descriptive study with prospective data collection was performed from 1 July to 31 janvier 2017 in the department of general surgery of SJDHT. The hospital lacks in a microbiology unit. All patients who underwent surgery during this period were included and the monitoring lasted one month. SSIs diagnostic was carried out according to who criteria as described in the Practical Guide for the Prevention of Nosocomial Infections published in 2002. Statistical tests (χ-square and Student’s t-test) were applied and p 0.05 were statistically significant. Results: Of 343 patients recorded, 105 (30.6%) had SSI. Their age averaged 40.3 years and the sex-ratio (men/women) was 2.8. The emergency surgery resulted in a 50.0% rate of SSI (p = 0.00). The SSI rate for clean and clean-contaminated surgery was 6.3% against 94.6% for infected surgery (p = 0.00). The SSI rates were 100% and 66.7% for NNISS = 2 and NNISS = 1 (p = 0.00), respectively. Superficial SSI rate was 13.3%, while deep SSI and organ/space SSI were 46.7% and 40%, respectively. The hospital stay of patients with SSI was three times longer than the length of patients without SSI (p = 0.00). Conclusion: SSIs are real burden at SJDHT. Appropriate measures must be adopted to reduce its prevalence.

关键词： Surgical Site Infection Class of Surgery Emergency benin