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Extensive reforms to improve funding efficiency:an interview with President Xiankang Dou of National Natural Science Foundation of China

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National Science Review 2024年第6期11卷 321-324页

作者：赵维杰朱禾 the editorial office of NSR in Beijing

Dr. Xiankang Dou (窦贤康) was appointed the President of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) in April 2023. As a distinguished researcher specializing in studying the middle and upper atmosphere of earth, Dr. Dou had served as the President of Wuhan University during 2016 to 2022 and was elected an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in 2017.

关键词： interview president national science natural improve china with efficiency extensive

Burden sharing for CDR: balancing fair liability with feasibility

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National Science Review 2023年第12期10卷 47-48页

作者： Chris D.Jones Met office Hadley Centre

The basics are clear:climate is changing,it is caused by human activity and it is affecting everyone and everywhere now[1]. The good news is that we know what to do about it—we can stop global temperatures rising further if we stop emitting greenhouse gases. But because some sectors (such as agriculture or aviation)will have ongoing ‘hard-to-abate’ emissions,

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Malaria elimination in Lao PDR:the challenges associated with population mobility

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 712-720页

作者： Sengchanh Kounnavong Deyer Gopinath Bouasy Hongvanthong Chanthalone Khamkong Odai Sichanthongthip National Institute of Public Health Ministry of HealthBan KaognotSamsenthai RoadSisattanak DistrictVientianeLao PDR World Health Organization(who) Country OfficeNonthaburiThailand Center for Malaria Parasitologyand Entomology(CMPE)Ministry of HealthVientianeLao PDR

Although the Lao People’s Democratic Republic(Lao PDR)is comparatively small landlocked country with patterns of both in-and out-migration,its human migration situation has been poorly *** is despite all of the country’s 18 provinces sharing both official and unofficial border checkpoints with neighboring *** reforms in the last decade have seen a gradual increase in the promotion of foreign investment,and main towns and transportation networks have been expanding thus offering new opportunities for livelihoods and economic *** the last decade,there has also been a significant reduction of reported malaria cases in Lao PDR and while this is an important prerequisite for eliminating malaria in the country,malaria outbreaks reported in the last four years suggest that population mobility,particularly in the south,is an important factor challenging current control *** investment in social sector spending should be geared towards improving health service provision and utilization,ensuring equitable access to primary health care(including malaria)through efforts to achieve universal health coverage *** should be extended to populations that are mobile and *** local government plays a critical role in supporting policy and enforcement issues related to private sector project development in the ***-border initiatives with neighboring countries,especially in terms of data sharing,surveillance,and response,is *** to engage the private sector,especially the informal private sector,needs to be explored within the context of existing regulations and *** and new interventions for outdoor transmission of malaria,especially in forest settings,for high-risk groups including short-and long-term forest workers and their families,mobile and migrant populations,as well as the military must be combined into integrated packages with innovative delivery mechanisms through social marketing

关键词： Malaria Malaria control program Malaria elimination Malaria outbreak Migrants Mobile populations Lao PDR

Analysis of Three Supercell Storms with Doppler Weather Radar Data

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Acta meteorologica Sinica 2011年第2期25卷 211-223页

作者：刁秀广朱君鉴刘志红 Shandong Weather Forecast office

Three supercell storms on 24 June 2004（0624）,28 June 2003（0628）,and 27 September 2002（0927） induced different damages in Shandong *** 0927 was inferior in size and intensity to storms 0628 and *** structure and evolvement of the three storms were analyzed in detail based on the WSR98D radar data in combination with weather *** results show that mesoscale surface convergence triggered release of instable energy,which resulted in severe *** the development stage,storms 0927,0628,and 0624 displayed multi-cell propagation,single-cell evolution,and multi-cell mergence,*** storm tracks were similar：they were all right-moving supercell storms,i.e.,moving at an angle of 30°-70° to the right of the mean wind and at a speed of about 45%-70% of the mean wind *** the mature stage,the maximum reflectivity appeared at the low level in storm 0927,mid level in storm 0628,and mid-upper level in storm *** storms possessed almost all typical features of supercell storms：weak echo region（WER）,bounded weak echo region（BWER）,and *** organized mesocyclone formed at the middle height of an updraft,deepened gradually downward and upward,and became a typical mid-level mesocyclone with strong *** vertical structures of airflows in the three storms were similar,i.e.,significant convergence at low level,nearly pure rotation at mid level,and divergent rotation at upper ***,signatures of mid-level horizontal airflows in the three storms were different：at mid level,there was a single vortex in storm 0628,but a double-vortex flow pattern was seen in storms 0927 and *** horizontal structure of the double-vortex flow was hard to be blown away by the environmental airflow,and thus the storms could persist for a longer period of time than the single vortex storm.

关键词： supercell storm mesocyclones inner structure double-vortex flow pattern

China's top 10 breakthroughs in science and technology in 2023

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National Science Review 2024年第5期11卷 420-425页

作者：朱禾 the editorial office of NSR in Beijing

Science&Technology TOP 10stories China 2023 The year of the dragon inspires our imagination with advancements in energy,space exploration and surprisingly,a new possibility of energy from space (No.9 in this list).Continuing a 30-year-long tradition,members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) have selected 10 breakthroughs by domestic researchers in science and technology to represent the progress made in *** addition to 2 entries in energy and 4 in space exploration,biology and physics have also contributed 2 entries each to this year's top 10.

关键词： technology science china breakthroughs

Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology:revealing the origin and evolutionary trace of human and other species

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National Science Review 2018年第1期5卷 108-118页

作者： Xiuling Xu Pingfu Chen NSR editorial office IVPP

INTRODUCTION The Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology(IVPP),Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),is China's only national institute specializing in the studies of vertebrate paleontology,paleoanthropology,and the related areas of geological and biological sciences as well as paleolithic *** origin of IVPP can be traced back to the Ce no zoic Research Laboratory,

关键词： Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology:revealing the origin and evolutionary trace of human and other specie Figure Nature

Open data for better science

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National Science Review 2018年第4期5卷 593-597页

作者： Weijie Zhao the NSR editorial office based in Beijing

The past two decades have seen increasing interests in open *** scientists believe that the original research data should be properly organized and opened to the public and researchers throughout the world,and,once the open-data strategies are put into practice,the entire scientific research enterprise could be *** by the trend of data sharing many platforms and repositories have been ***,funding agencies and

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Insights into the Microwave Instruments Onboard the Fengyun 3D Satellite:Data Quality and Assimilation in the Met office NWP System

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第8期38卷 1379-1396页

作者： Fabien CARMINATI Nigel ATKINSON Brett CANDY Qifeng LU Met office Exeter EX13PBUK National Satellite Meteorological Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

This paper evaluates the microwave instruments onboard the latest Chinese polar-orbiting satellite, Fengyun 3D (FY- 3D). Comparing three months of observations from the Microwave Temperature Sounder 2 (MWTS-2), the Microwave Humidity Sounder 2 (MWHS-2), and the Microwave Radiation Imager (MWRI) to Met office short-range forecasts, we characterize the instrumental biases, show how those biases have changed with respect to their predecessors onboard FY- 3C, and how they compare to the Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) onboard NOAA-20 and the Global Precipitation Measurement Microwave Imager (GMI). The MWTS-2 global bias is much reduced with respect to its predecessor and compares well to ATMS at equivalent channel frequencies, differing only by 0.36 ± 0.28 K (1σ) on average. A suboptimal averaging of raw digital counts is found to cause an increase in striping noise and an ascending- descending bias. MWHS-2 benefits from a new calibration method improving the 183-GHz humidity channels with respect to its predecessor and biases for these channels are within ± 1.9 K to ATMS. MWRI presents the largest improvements, with reduced global bias and standard deviation with respect to FY-3C;although, spurious, seemingly transient, brightness temperatures have been detected in the observations at 36.5 GHz (vertical polarization). The strong solar-dependent bias that affects the instrument on FY-3C has been reduced to less than 0.2 K on average for FY-3D MWRI. Experiments where radiances from these instruments were assimilated on top of a full global system demonstrated a neutral to positive impact on the forecasts, as well as on the fit to the background of independent instruments.

关键词： microwave remote sensing numerical weather prediction data assimilation

Can Intensified Tuberculosis Case Finding Efforts at Nutrition Rehabilitation Centers Lead to Pediatric Case Detection in Bihar, India?

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2016年第1期4卷 46-54页

作者： Rajeev R. Pathak Bal Krishna Mishra Patrick K. Moonan Sreenivas A. Nair Ajay M. V. Kumar Mohit P. Gandhi Shamim Mannan Smita Ghosh who country office for India New Delhi India State Tuberculosis Training and Demonstration Centre Patna India US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of TB Elimination Atlanta USA International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union) South-East Asia Regional Office New Delhi India

Introduction: Seven district-level Nutritional Rehabilitation Centres (NRCs) in Bihar, India provide clinical and nutritional care for children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM). Aim: To assess whether intensified case finding (ICF) strategies at NRCs can lead to pediatric case detection among SAM children and link them to TB treatment under the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP). Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted that included medical record reviews of SAM children registered for TB screening and RNTCP care during July-December 2012. Results: Among 440 SAM children screened, 39 (8.8%) were diagnosed with TB. Among these, 34 (87%) initiated TB treatment and 18 (53%) were registered with the RNTCP. Of 16 children not registered under the RNTCP, nine (56%) weighed below six kilo-grams—the current weight requirement for receiving drugs under RNTCP. Conclusion: ICF approaches are feasible at NRCs;however, screening for TB entails diagnostic challenges, especially among SAM children. However, only half of the children diagnosed with TB were treated by the RNTCP. More effort is needed to link this vulnerable population to TB services in addition to introducing child-friendly drug formulations for covering children weighing less than six kilo-grams.

关键词： Tuberculosis Children Malnutrition India Screening