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The brain–immune cells axis controls tissue specific immunopathology

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2019年第2期16卷 101-103页

作者： Maxi Heyner Sarah Schreier Andrea Kröger Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene Otto-von-Guericke University MagdeburgMagdeburgGermany Innate Immunity and infection group Helmholtz Centre for Infection ResearchBraunschweigGermany

During viral infections,cell death can be induced as a direct result of cytopathic virus replication in various cell types and tissues or as an immune response of the host to the infectious *** leads to an infiltration of inflammatory cells,causing subsequent tissue *** balance between effective elimination of the pathogen and prevention of fatal tissue damage is decisive for *** host has developed various mechanisms to inhibit excessive immune responses.

关键词： prevention damage death

MCMV-based vaccine vectors expressing full-length viral proteins provide long-term humoral immune protection upon a single-shot vaccination

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第2期19卷 234-244页

作者： Yeonsu Kim Xiaoyan Zheng Kathrin Eschke M.Zeeshan Chaudhry Federico Bertoglio Adriana Tomić Astrid Krmpotić Markus Hoffmann Yotam Bar-On Julia Boehme Dunja Bruder Thomas Ebensen Linda Brunotte Stephan Ludwig Martin Messerle Carlos Guzman Ofer Mandelboim Michael Hust Stefan Pöhlmann Stipan Jonjić LukaČičin-Šain Department of viral Immunology Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research(HZI)BraunschweigGermany Department of Biotechnology Institut für BiochemieBiotechnologie und BioinformatikTechnischen Universität BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany Oxford Vaccine group University of OxfordOxfordUK Center for Proteomics University of RijekaFaculty of MedicineRijekaCroatia infection Biology Unit German Primate CenterGöttingenGermany Faculty of Biology and Psychology Georg-August-University GöttingenGöttingenGermany Department of Immunology Rappaport Faculty of MedicineTechnion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael infection Immunology Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hospital HygieneHealth Campus ImmunologyInfectiology and InflammationOtto-von-Guericke-University MagdeburgMagdeburgGermanyImmune RegulationHelmholtz Centre for Infection ResearchBraunschweigGermany Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology Helmholtz Centre for Infection ResearchBraunschweigGermany Institute of Virology Medical University MünsterMünsterGermany Institute of Virology Hannover Medical School(MHH)HannoverGermany German Centre for infection Research(DZIF) Hannover-Braunschweig SiteHannoverGermany Centre for Individualized infection medicine(CiiM) a joint venture of HZI and MHHHannoverGermany

Global pandemics caused by influenza or coronaviruses cause severe disruptions to public health and lead to high morbidity and *** remains a medical need for vaccines against these ***(cytomegalovirus)is aβ-herpesvirus that induces uniquely robust immune responses in which remarkably large populations of antigen-specific CD8+T cells are maintained for a ***,CMV has been proposed and investigated as a novel vaccine vector for expressing antigenic peptides or proteins to elicit protective cellular immune responses against numerous *** generated two recombinant murine CMV(MCMV)vaccine vectors expressing hemagglutinin(HA)of influenza A virus(MCMV^(HA))or the spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(MCMV^(S)).A single injection of MCMVs expressing either viral protein induced potent neutralizing antibody responses,which strengthened over ***,MCMV^(HA)-vaccinated mice were protected from illness following challenge with the influenza virus,and we excluded that this protection was due to the effects of memory T ***,we show here that MCMV vectors induce not only long-term cellular immunity but also humoral responses that provide long-term immune protection against clinically relevant respiratory pathogens.

关键词： Vaccine vector SARS-CoV-2 Influenza Cytomegalovirus humoral imunity

Comparison of clinical course of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome among the multiple generations of nosocomial transmission

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Chinese Medical Journal 2004年第1期117卷 14-18页

作者：伍卫王景峰刘品明江山平陈庆瑜陈为宪尹松梅严励詹俊陈锡龙李建国 The SARS working group Second Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen University

Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is characterized by both an atypical pneumonia and efficient nosocomial transmissin. However,it remains unknown whether the infectivity and the virulence of the pathogen will change throughout the successive transmission. This study was conducted to compare the clinical features and management regimens of patients with SARS among the multiple generations from nosocomial transmission initiated by a super-spreader. Methods The clinical data of 84 epidemiologically-linked SARS patients from a hospital outbreak were retrospectively studied. All patients,in whom a clear-cut transmission generation could be noted,had a direct or indirect exposure to the index patient and the epidemic successively propagated through the multiple generations of cases within a short period of time. Results There were 66 women and 18 men with mean age of (29.2 ± 10.3) years in this cluster;and 96.4% of whom were health care workers. Detailed contact tracing identified 35 (41.7%) first-generation cases,34 (40.5%) second-generation cases,and 15 (17.8%) third-generation cases. No statistical differences among the multiple generations of transmission were found in terms of age,gender,incubation period and length of hospital stay. With the advanced transmission generations,the initial temperature lowered,the number of cases with dry cough decreased. There were no statistical differences in the peak temperature and duration of fever,other accompanying symptoms,leucopenia;however,the time from initial pulmonary infiltrates to radiographic recovery shortened ( P 0.05). No statistical differences were found in modes of oxygen therapy and sorts of antibiotics prescribed among the various

关键词： severe acute respiratory syndrome·nosocomial infection·chain of transmission·clinical course

The Functional Characterization of Bat and Human P[3] Rotavirus VP8*s

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Virologica Sinica 2021年第5期36卷 1187-1196页

作者： Dandi Li Mengxuan Wang Tongyao Mao Mingwen Wang Qing Zhang Hong Wang Lili Pang Xiaoman Sun Zhaojun Duan National Health Commission Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and viral Diseases Beijing 102206China National Institute for viral Disease Control and Prevention China CDCBeijing 102206China

P[3]rotavirus(RV)has been identified in many species,including human,simian,dog,and *** glycans,including sialic acid,histo-blood group antigens(HBGAs)are reported as RV attachment *** glycan binding specificity of different P[3]RV VP8*s were investigated in this *** HCR3 A and dog P[3]RV VP8*s recognized glycans with terminal sialic acid and hemagglutinated the red blood cells,while bat P[3]VP8*showed neither binding to glycans nor ***,the bat P[3]VP8*mutant of C189 Y obtained the ability to hemagglutinate the red blood cells,while human P[3]HCR3 A/M2-102 mutants of Y189 C lost the *** alignment and structural analysis indicated that residue 189 played an important role in the ligand recognition and may contribute to the cross-species *** superimposition exhibited that bat P[3]VP8*model was quite different from the simian P[3]Rhesus rotavirus(RRV)P[3]VP8*,indicating that bat P[3]RV was relatively distinct and partially contributed to the no binding to tested *** results promote our understanding of P[3]VP8*/glycans interactions and the potential transmission of bat/human P[3]RVs,offering more insight into the RV infection and prevalence.

关键词： Bat rotavirus PVP8* Glycan binding specificity Hemagglutination Sialic acid

Good and bad outcomes of respiratory viral infections—influenza A virus trains sustained antitumor immunity of macrophages in the lung

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第8期20卷 861-863页

作者： Sabine Stegemann-Koniszewski Sarah Frentzel Dunja Bruder Experimental Pneumology Department of PneumologyUniversity Hospital Magdeburg/Medical FacultyHealth Campus ImmunologyInfectiology and InflammationOtto-von-Guericke University MagdeburgMagdeburgGermany Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene Infection Immunology GroupHealth Campus ImmunologyInfectiology and InflammationOtto-von-Guericke University MagdeburgMagdeburgGermany Immune Regulation group Helmholtz Centre for Infection ResearchBraunschweigGermany

In their recent article in Nature Immunology, Wang et al. showed that influenza A virus (IAV) infection trained alveolar macrophages (AMs) for sustained antitumor immunity in the lung [1], extending the concept of trained immunity and pointing out benefits of viral respiratory infection in the context of pulmonary antitumor immune surveillance.

关键词： immunity sustained respiratory

Influenza virus H1N1 induced apoptosis of mouse astrocytes and the effect on protein expression

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2014年第7期7卷 572-575页

作者： Xu-Dong Pei Yu-Feng Zhai Huai-Hong Zhang Department of infection and Liver Disease Nanyang Central Hospital

Objective:To investigate the effects of influenza A virus H1N1 infection on the proliferation and apoptosis of mouse astrocytes cells and its protein ***:After mouse astrocytes was infected with purified influenza A virus H1N1 in vitro,viral integration and replication status of the cells were detected by RT-PCR assay,cell proliferation and apoptosis was determined by MTT method and flow cytometry,*** protein expression was delected by Western ***:Agarose gel electrophoresis showed H1N1 virus can infect astrocytes and can be *** staining showed H1N1 virus infection can inhibit the proliferation of mouse astrocytes,which makes cell viability decreased *** cytometry showed that the proportion of Annein V staining positive vascular endothelial cells in the influenza A virus group was significantly higher than that in the control *** blot analysis showed after24 h and 32 h of infection,there were cells caspase-3 protein and the expression of its active form(lysed caspase-3 protein)*** proportion of Bax/Bcl-2 also ***:Influenza A virus can infect human vascular endothelial cells and proliferation and it can induce apoptosis of endothelial cells.

关键词： Influenze virus H1N1 Apoptosis

Genomic Surveillance for SARS-CoV-2—China,September 26,2022 to January 29,2023

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China CDC weekly 2023年第7期5卷 143-151页

作者： Shiwen Wang Peihua Niu Qiudong Su Xiaozhou He Jing Tang Ji Wang Yenan Feng Cao Chen Xiang Zhao Zhixiao Chen Wenling Wang Zeyuan Yin Yuchao Wu Changcheng Wu Lili Li Aili Cui Yan Zhang Caiyun Long Xiaoyu Yang Zhongxian Zhang Hong Bo Wenbo Xu SARS-CoV-Genome working group National Institute for viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina National Health Commission Key Laboratory for Medical Virology and viral Diseases BeijingChina 不详

Introduction:The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)has generated 2,431 variants over the course of its global transmission over the past 3 *** better evaluate the genomic variation of SARS-CoV-2 before and after the optimization of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)prevention and control strategies,we analyzed the genetic evolution branch composition and genomic variation of SARS-CoV-2 in both domestic and imported cases in China(the data from Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions and Taiwan,China were not included)from September 26,2022 to January 29,***:Analysis of the number of genome sequences,sampling time,dynamic changes of evolutionary branches,origin,and clinical typing of SARS-CoV-2 variants submitted by 31 provincial-level administrative divisions(PLADs)and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(XPCC)was conducted to assess the accuracy and timeliness of SARS-CoV-2 variant ***:From September 26,2022 to January 29,2023,20,013 valid genome sequences of domestic cases were reported in China,with 72 evolutionary ***,1,978 valid genome sequences of imported cases were reported,with 169 evolutionary *** prevalence of the Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2 in both domestic and imported cases was consistent with that of international epidemic ***:This study provides an overview of the prevalence of Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2 in *** optimizing COVID-19 prevention and control strategies,no novel Omicron variants of SARSCoV-2 with altered biological characteristics or public health significance have been identified since December 1,2022.

关键词： prevention imported Taiwan

Generation and Application of a Luciferase Reporter Virus Based on Yellow Fever Virus 17D

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Virologica Sinica 2021年第6期36卷 1456-1464页

作者： Dan Li Jing-Long Ye Zhong-Yu Liu The Centre for infection and Immunity Studies School of MedicineSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Yellow fever virus(YFV) is a re-emerging virus that can cause life-threatening yellow fever disease in *** the availability of an effective vaccine,little is known about the replication mechanism of YFV,and there are still no available specific anti-YFV ***,by introducing the Renilla luciferase gene(Rluc) into an infectious clone of YFV vaccine strain 17 D,we generated a recombinant virus 17 D-Rluc.2 A via reverse genetics *** 17 D-Rluc.2 A had similar plaque morphology and comparable in vitro growth characteristics with its parental ***,the reporter luciferase was efficiently expressed in 17 D-Rluc.2 A-infected mammalian and mosquito cells,and there was a good linear correlation between intracellular luciferase expression and extracellular infectious virion ***,by a combination of the 17 D-Rluc.2 A reporter virus and selective 2’-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension(SHAPE)technology,the conserved 5’-SLA element was shown to be essential for YFV replication,highlighting the capability of17 D-R1 uc.2 A in the investigation of YFV *** last,we demonstrated that two compounds with distinct anti-viral mechanisms can effectively inhibit the viral propagation in 17 D-Rluc.2 A-infected cells,demonstrating its potential application in the evaluation of anti-viral *** together,the 17 D-Rluc.2 A serves as a useful tool for the study of YFV replication and anti-YFV medicine development.

关键词： Yellow fever virus(YFV) 17D Reporter virus Cis-acting RNA elements Anti-viral medicines

Complementary Presence of HBV Humoral and T-cell Response Provides Protective Immunity after Neonatal Immunization

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2022年第4期10卷 660-668页

作者： Yunmei Huang Yuting Yang Tingting Wu Zhiyu Li Hongmei Xu Ailong Huang Yao Zhao National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical DisordersMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and DisordersChongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and ImmunityChildren’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of infection Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Institute for viral Hepatitis Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious DiseasesChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina

Background and Aims:Hepatitis B vaccination is the most cost effective way to prevent hepatitis B virus(HBV)*** B vaccine(HepB)efficacy is usually assessed by an-ti-hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)level,but there are few reports of humoral and cellular immune responses to HepB in children after neonatal ***:A group of 100 children with a history of primary hepatitis B immunization were included in this study to evaluate the efficacy of *** samples were obtained from 80 children before,and 41 children after,a single HepB booster *** with low anti-HBsAg(HBs)titers of<100 mIU/mL received a booster dose after giving their informed ***-HBsAg,T-cell re-sponse and percentage of B-cell subsets were assayed before and after the ***:Of the 80 children,81.36%had positive T cell and anti-HBsAg responses at *** the booster dose,the anti-HBsAg titer(p<0.0001),positive HBsAg-specific T-cell response(p=0.0036),and spot-form-ing cells(p=0.0003)increased *** with pre-existing anti-HBsAg titer<10 mIU/mL,the anti-HBsAg(p=0.0005)and HBsAg-specific T-cell responses(p<0.0001)increased significantly in preexisting anti-HBsAg titer between 10 and 100 mIU/mL *** of the HBV-specific hu-moral response was the reverse of the T-cell response with *** blood lymphocytes,B cells,and subset fre-quency ***:HBV immunization protec-tion persisted at least 13 years after primary immunization because of the complementary presence of HBV-specific hu-moral antibodies and a T-cell immune *** dose of a HepB booster induced protective anti-HBsAg and promoted an HBsAg-specific T-cell *** HBV endemic regions,a HepB booster is recommended to children without anti-HBsAg because of effectiveness in HBV prevention.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis B vaccine Booster Children