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Cholesterol metabolism: physiological versus pathological aspects in intracerebral hemorrhage

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1015-1030页

作者： Ruoyu Huang Qiuyu Pang Lexin Zheng Jiaxi Lin Hanxi Li Lingbo Wan Tao Wang Department of forensic Science School of Basic Medicine and Biological SciencesSuzhou Medicine College of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina

Cholesterol is an important component of plasma membranes and participates in many basic life functions,such as the maintenance of cell membrane stability,the synthesis of steroid hormones,and *** plays a key role in the establishment and maintenance of the central nervous *** brain contains 20%of the whole body’s cholesterol,80%of which is located within myelin.A huge number of processes(e.g.,the sterol regulatory element-binding protein pathway and liver X receptor pathway)participate in the regulation of cholesterol metabolism in the brain via mechanisms that include cholesterol biosynthesis,intracellular transport,and *** brain injuries or diseases involving crosstalk among the processes above can affect normal cholesterol metabolism to induce detrimental ***,we hypothesized that cholesterol-related molecules and pathways can serve as therapeutic targets for central nervous system *** hemorrhage is the most severe hemorrhagic stroke subtype,with high mortality and *** cholesterol levels are associated with the risk of intracerebral ***,secondary pathological changes after intracerebral hemorrhage are associated with cholesterol metabolism dysregulation,such as neuroinflammation,demyelination,and multiple types of programmed cell *** cholesterol accumulation in the brain has been found after intracerebral *** this paper,we review normal cholesterol metabolism in the central nervous system,the mechanisms known to participate in the disturbance of cholesterol metabolism after intracerebral hemorrhage,and the links between cholesterol metabolism and cell *** also review several possible and constructive therapeutic targets identified based on cholesterol metabolism to provide cholesterol-based perspectives and a reference for those interested in the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage.

关键词： cell death cholesterol metabolism intracerebral hemorrhage myelination therapeutic target

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Decline and fall of aging astrocytes:the human perspective

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1713-1714页

作者： Alexei Verkhratsky Alexey Semyanov Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK Department of Neurosciences University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU and CIBERNEDLeioaSpain Department of forensic Analytical Toxicology School of Forensic MedicineChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning ProvinceChina Department of Stem Cell Biology State Research Institute Centre for Innovative MedicineVilniusLithuania International Collaborative Center on Big Science Plan for Purinergic Signalling Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Department of Physiology Jiaxing University College of MedicineJiaxingZhejiang ProvinceChina

“Last scene of all that ends this strange,eventful history,is second childishness and mere oblivion.I am sans teeth,sans eyes,sans taste,sans everything.”William Shakespeare‘As You Like It'Act 2,Sc.7,l.139Aging of the human brain is characterized by a progressive decline of its functional capacity;this decline however varies widely,and cognitive longevity differs substantially between individuals.

关键词： aging teeth progressive

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Modernization of medicine in the Ottoman Empire and Its Effects on forensic Sciences

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Journal of forensic Science and medicine 2018年第4期4卷 213-220页

作者： Ferat Buran Erdem Ozkara The Council of forensic medicine sanliurfa Branch OfficeSanhurfaTurkey department of forensic medicine Faculty of MedicineDokuz Eylul UniversityIzmirTurkey

Modernization in medicine began in the Ottoman Empire in the 19^(th)*** that time,medical education had been provided through the traditional master-apprentice practices and its methods had relied on custom or *** most important of these reforms was in 1827,when the first medical schools in surgical and clinical branches were opened in *** lack of contemporary understanding in medical education until that time had caused an underdevelopment in forensic sciences as it had in various other *** the reform movements,the contents of the forensic medicine curriculum,mainly influenced by the French medical schooling,touched upon all areas of forensic sciences such as pathology,toxicology,organic chemistry,neuropsychiatry,gynecology,handwriting analysis and *** was noteworthy to see such rapid development in scientific modernization considering the fact that,before the reform movements,the religion had a repressive effect and it was forbidden to even perform laboratory tests or examinations on *** the modem Turkish Republic,founded in 1923 after World War I,scientific reforms gained momentum and began competing with the modem *** that,after a letter sent to the Turkish Government by Albert Einstein in 1933,the contemporary Turkish universities embraced the scientists who escaped from the Nazi regime.

关键词： forensic medicine history of forensic medicine legal medicine medical history Ottoman Empire Turkish Republic

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A NORTHWEST DATABASE MODEL OF SHORT TANDEM REPEAT LOCI IN forensic medicine

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2003年第1期15卷 93-96,110页

作者：王振原朱波峰刘雅诚严江伟霍振义金天博李涛樊拴良方杰 Department of forensic medicine forensic Medical Examination and Identifican Center of Beijing Public Security Bureau

Objective To establish the northwest database of short tandem repeat(STR) loci in forensic medicine. Methods Bloodstains or whole blood samples were collected from the unrelated prisoners in Xi'an city. Genetic distribution for 13 STR loci and amelogenin locus were determined in prisons based on GeneScan. One primer for each locus was labeled with the fluorescent by 5 FAM, JOE, or NED. The forensic database were generated by using multiple amplification, GeneScan, genotype, and genetic distribution analysis. Results 113 alleles and 302 genotypes were observed, with the corresponding frequency between 0.0050-0.5250 and 0.0100-0.4100. The mean H was 0.7667. The accumulative DP was 0.9999999,. The accumulative EPP was 0.9999999. The scope of PIC was 0.6036- 0.8562 . PM was less than 10 -11 . The observed and expected genotype frequencies were evaluated using χ 2 test and all were in accordance with Hardy Weinberg equilibrium ( P > 0.05 ). Conclusion STR loci is an ideal genetic marker with powerful polymorphism and stable heredity. It can be used for individual identification and paternity in forensic medicine. The forensic DNA database model can be established successfully.

关键词： short tandem repeat(STR) DNA database GeneScan polymerase chain reaction genotype

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Histological age estimation of the eggs of Calliphora vicina Robineau Desvoidy (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

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forensic Sciences Research 2018年第1期3卷 40-51页

作者： Michael Pais Melanie S.Archer Department of forensic medicine Victorian Institute of Forensic MedicineMonash UniversitySouthbankVictoriaAustralia

Aging blow fly eggs can be critical to a forensic investigation,but there are currently no forensically useful timelines describing internal anatomical changes in embryological *** is partly due to the lack of an economical,rapid and technically simple histological technique to allow mass production of slides for research and *** present a histological method that uses a slightly modified standard laboratory processing run with 1 h fixation in 10% formalin,2 h softening in Molliflex and Haemotoxylin and Eosin (H&E) *** also present a summary of the internal anatomical changes that can be visualized using our technique in the developing eggs of Calliphora vicina Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Calliphoridae).We examined eggs from at least three different females grown at 15 ℃ and sampled at 6 h intervals,and eggs grown at 20 ℃ and sampled at 3 h *** aging trials demonstrated that it is possible to accurately age material grown at 20 ℃ to within 6 h (but attempts to further narrow this interval resulted in errors in one-third of cases).It was also possible to see sufficient anatomical detail to age eggs preserved for forensic casework 5,8,9,10 and 11 years ***,we determined that section quality was improved by 5 s fixation in hot water prior to preservation in ***,hot water fixation for longer than this increased the level of section artefact.

关键词： forensic science forensic entomology Calliphoridae Calliphora vicina eggs histology embryology

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Journals on legal and forensic medicine in Web of Science Core Collection:focus on forensic Sciences Research

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forensic Sciences Research 2021年第1期6卷 92-94页

作者： Hui Zhang Duarte Nuno Vieira Min Shen Editorial Office of forensic Sciences Research Shanghai Key Lab of Forensic MedicineKey Lab of Forensic ScienceMinistry of JusticeShanghai Forensic Service PlatformAcademy of Forensic ScienceShanghaiChina Faculty of medicine University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal Shanghai Key Lab of forensic medicine Key Lab of Forensic ScienceMinistry of JusticeShanghai Forensic Service PlatformAcademy of Forensic ScienceShanghaiChina

Legal and forensic medicine is the application of medical knowledge and methodology for the resolution of legal questions and problems for individuals and society[1].In the Categories&Collections Scope Notes on Web of Science Core Collection in the Web of Science(WoS)Master Journal List,the category“medicine,Legal”is described as“covering resources on all aspects of medical legal issues,including government regulations and policies,malpractice,toxicological and pharmacological regulations,clinical therapeutic patents and other critical legal issues at the interface of law,medicine,and healthcare”.This also“covers resources dealing with the various branches of forensic science”[2].In this study,we aimed to illustrate those journals included in the category of“medicine,Legal”in the WoS Core Collection,and to assess the rapid development of the journal forensic Sciences Research(FSR)by comparing it with other related journals to determine whether FSR can fill a gap in the category“medicine,Legal”of Science Citation Index Expanded(SCIE)in the WoS Core Collection.

关键词： Notes legal journal

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Assessing the publication output in the field of forensic science and legal medicine using Web of Science database from 2011 to 2020

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forensic Sciences Research 2022年第4期7卷 748-760页

作者： Bedirhan Sezer Öner Metin Orbay Department of forensic medicine Faculty of MedicineAmasya UniversityAmasyaTurkey Department of Mathematics and Science Faculty of EducationAmasya UniversityAmasyaTurkey

The aim of this study was ***,it analyzed the characteristics of the publication outputs for the Legal medicine(LM)category using the Web of Science(WoS)database during ***,it discussed the distribution of the papers for the 25 most productive countries/regions in terms of quality and quantity,such as the h-index and GDP per ***,it investigated the trend and temporal stability of the journal impact factor(JIF)and determined the percentage of the journal *** findings suggested that the number of papers,the average number of pages of the papers,the average number of cited references in the papers,the average number of authors per paper,the percentage of open access papers,as well as international and domestic collaboration tended to increase ***,the productivity was limited when compared to the whole WoS database,since there was no significant change in the number of the *** countries/regions with the highest number of publications were not those that made the most impact in terms of the widespread impact of the *** level of international cooperation and the funding for the research had dramatic impact on the visibility of *** average JIF has increased significantly while the journal self-citation rates have decreased in a similar *** journals have had very stable(have not fluctuated)impact factors over *** the period studied,the journals with the higher impact factors(Q1,Q2)published many more papers than journals with the lower impact factors(Q3,Q4).

关键词： Bibliometrics citation analysis forensic science legal medicine Web of Science

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Implications of alpha-synuclein nitration at tyrosine 39 in methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity in vitro and in vivo

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第2期14卷 319-327页

作者： Hong-Hua Qiao Lin-Nan Zhu Yue Wang Jia-Liang Hui Wei-Bing Xie Chao Liu Ling Chen Ping-Ming Qiu School of forensic medicine Southern Medical University Kingmed institute for forensic Science First Clinical medicine College Southern Medical University Guangzhou forensic Science institute Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics

Methamphetamine is an amphetamine-type psychostimulant that can damage dopaminergic neurons and cause characteristic pathological changes similar to neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease. However, its specific mechanism of action is still unclear. In the present study, we established a Parkinson's disease pathology model by exposing SH-SY5 Y cells and C57 BL/6 J mice to methamphetamine. In vitro experiments were performed with 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 or 2.5 mM methamphetamine for 24 hours or 2.0 mM methamphetamine for 0-, 2-, 4-, 8-, 16-, and 24-hour culture of SH-SY5 Y cells. Additional experimental groups of SH-SY5 Y cells were administered a nitric oxide inhibitor, 0.1 mM N-nitro-L-arginine, 1 hour before exposure to 2.0 mM methamphetamine for 24 hours. In vivo experiments: C57 BL/6 J mice were intraperitoneally injected with N-nitro-L-arginine(8 mg/kg), eight times, at intervals of 12 hours. Methamphetamine 15 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected eight times, at intervals of 12 hours, but 0.5-hour after each N-nitro-L-arginine injection in the combined group. Western blot assay was used to determine the expression of nitric oxide synthase, α-synuclein(α-Syn), 5 G4, nitrated α-synuclein at the residue Tyr39(nT39 α-Syn), cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase(PARP) in cells and mouse brain tissue. Immunofluorescence staining was conducted to measure the positive reaction of NeuN, nT39 α-Syn and 5 G4. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was performed to determine the dopamine levels in the mouse brain. After methamphetamine exposure, α-Syn expression increased; the aggregation of α-Syn 5 G4 increased; nT39 α-Syn, nitric oxide synthase, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved PARP expression increased in the cultures of SH-SY5 Y cells and in the brains of C57 BL/6 J mice; and dopamine levels were reduced in the mouse brain. These changes were markedly reduced when N-nitro-L-arginine was administered with methamphetamine in both SH-SY5 Y cells

关键词： nerve regeneration alpha-synuclein nitrated α-synuclein Parkinson's disease methamphetamine N-nitro-L-arginine alpha-synuclein aggregation apoptosis neurotoxicity neural regeneration

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The role of forensic anthropology in disaster victim identification(DVI):recent developments and future prospects

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forensic Sciences Research 2019年第4期4卷 303-315页

作者： Hans H.de Boer Soren Blau Tania Delabarde Lucina Hackman Netherlands forensic institute The HagueThe Netherlands Department of Pathology Academic Medical CentreUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of forensic Services Victorian Institute of Forensic MedicineMelbourneVictoriaAustralia Department of forensic medicine Monash UniversityMonashAustralia institute of Legal medicine ParisFrance Centre for Anatomy and Human ID(CAHID) University of DundeeDundeeUK

forensic anthropological knowledge has been used in disaster victim identification(DVI)for over a century,but over the past decades,there have been a number of disaster events which have seen an increasing role for the forensic *** experiences gained from some of the latest DVI operations have provided valuable lessons that have had an effect on the role and perceived value of the forensic anthropologist as part of the team managing the DVI *** paper provides an overview of the ways in which forensic anthropologists may contribute to DVI with emphasis on how recent experiences and developments in forensic anthropology have augmented these ***,this paper reviews the value of forensic anthropological expertise at the disaster scene and in the mortuary,and discusses the way in which forensic anthropologists may use imaging in DVI ***-sampling strategies for DNA analysis,especially in the case of disasters with a large amount of fragmented remains,are also ***,consideration is given to the identification of survivors;the statistical basis of identification;the challenges related to some specific disaster scenarios;and education and *** forensic anthropologists can play a valuable role in different phases of a DVI operation,they never practice in *** DVI process requires a multidisciplinary approach and,therefore,has a close collaboration with a range of forensic specialists.

关键词： forensic science forensic anthropology disaster victim human identification mass fatality Bayes radiology dead body management

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Delayed reception of live blowfly (Calliphora vicina and Chrysomya rufifacies)larval samples: implications for minimum postmortem interval estimates

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forensic Sciences Research 2018年第1期3卷 27-39页

作者： Melanie S.Archer Stephanie D.Jones James F.Wallman Department of forensic medicine Monash University/Victorian Institute of Forensic MedicineSouthbankAustralia Centre for Sustainable Ecosystem Solutions School of Biological SciencesUniversity of WollongongWollongongAustralia

forensic entomology evidence collected by police and mortuary staff may be delayed in getting to the *** samples may continue developing and alter minimum postmortem interval (PMImin) *** study investigated development of simulated evidential samples of Calliphora vicina Robineau-Desvoidy and Chrysomya rufifacies (Macquart) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) *** of each species were studied in three developmental classes: "small" (late second/early third instar),"mid" (mid third instar) and "large" (late third instar).Seven replicates of 11 maggots in each class were assigned without food to four treatments: (1) 24 h at 20 ℃;(2) 24 h at 4 ℃;(3) 48 h at 20 ℃ and (4) 48 h at 4 ℃.There was a significant difference in absolute length change across treatments,reflecting size for C vicina,and interaction between size,time and temperature for *** vicina maggots showed minimal mortality,and most second instar larvae moulted by the experiment's *** rufifacies showed heavy mortality and minimal moulting from the second to third *** "large" *** maggots kept at room temperature for 48 h *** these results confirm that development can continue in live unfed maggot samples after their collection,it is not advisable to delay their preservation.

关键词： forensic science forensic entomology forensic evidence larval development best practice sampling

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