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Climate change vulnerability assessment in the new urban planning process in Tanzania

Regional sustainability 2024年第3期 3-13页

作者： Issa NYAsHILU Robert KIUNsI Alphonce KYEssI vice president's office Government City Department of Environmental Engineering and Technology Ardhi University Institute of Human settlements studies Ardhi University

Climate change vulnerability assessment is an essential tool for identifying regions that are most susceptible to the impacts of climate change and designing effective adaptation actions that can reduce vulnerability and enhance long-term resilience of these regions. This study explored a framework for climate change vulnerability assessment in the new urban planning process in Jangwani Ward, Tanzania. specifically, taking flood as an example, this study highlighted the steps and methods for climate change vulnerability assessment in the new urban planning process. In the study area, 95 households were selected and interviewed through purposeful sampling. Additionally, 10 respondents(4 females and 6 males) were interviewed for Focus Group Discussion(FGD), and 3 respondents(1 female and 2 males) were selected for Key Informant Interviews(KII) at the Ministry of Lands, Housing and Human settlements Development. This study indicated that climate change vulnerability assessment framework involves the assessment of climatic hazards, risk elements, and adaptive capacity, and the determination of vulnerability levels. The average hazard risk rating of flood was 2.3. socioeconomic and livelihood activities and physical infrastructures both had the average risk element rating of 3.0, and ecosystems had the average risk element rating of 2.9. Adaptive capacity ratings of knowledge, technology, economy or finance, and institution were 1.6, 1.9, 1.4, and 2.2, respectively. The vulnerability levels of socioeconomic and livelihood activities and physical infrastructure were very high(4.0). Ecosystems had a high vulnerability level(3.8) to flood. The very high vulnerability level of socioeconomic and livelihood activities was driven by high exposure and sensitivity to risk elements and low adaptive capacity. The study recommends adoption of the new urban planning process including preparation, planning, implementation, and monitoring-evaluation-review phases that integrates climat

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Reproductive patterns in Araucaria araucana forests in the Andean range, Chile

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Ecological Processes 2024年第01期13卷 252-261页

作者： sergio Donoso Karen Pe?a-Rojas Claudia Espinoza Carolain Badaracco Rómulo santelices-Moya Antonio Cabrera-Ariza Mediterranean Forests Laboratory Faculty of Forestry and Nature Conservation Centro secano Faculty of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences Universidad Católica del Maule Maule Advanced studies Research Center Vice-Rector's Office for Research and Postgraduate Studies Catholic University of Maule

Background Araucaria araucana is a mast species that presents a high variability in annual cone production. Researchers have recorded synchronization events in cone production in different populations, which allows the seed production to be concentrated, reducing the percentage of seeds consumed by different animal *** We sampled three populations located in the Andes Mountains, Araucanía Region, Chile. In 2004 we began the collection of data on cone production, for which we installed permanent plots（1200 m2each） at each location. We identified and labeled each female tree in each plot to monitor its cone production. In 2012 we selected a total of 30 trees near the plots to evaluate the number of seeds per cone. In each February from 2012 to 2014 we selected two mature cones and covered them with a porous mesh for subsequent collection and storage in March. At the beginning of June, we counted and weighed the seeds, determining the average weight, the number of seeds per cone, the germination capacity（GC）, and the germination speed（Gs）.Results Cone production was synchronous across the three locations. We observed significant differences among the locations and years evaluated. The cones had fewer seeds in 2013（high production） compared to those in 2012（low production）, but their weights were similar. In 2014 the cones produced smaller seeds in fewer quantities. The difference between the years 2013 and 2014 resulted from the high-energy expenditure in 2013. Regarding GC and Gs, there were significant differences among the three locations（GC: F = 45.41, p s: F = 96.08, p st values were observed in *** Both GC and Gs are related to seed weight but not to the number of cones produced in a given year. These annual fluctuations in seed production are determining factors in the population dynamics of forest species. Our results allow a better understanding of the reproductive phenology of A. araucana and could hel

关键词： seed weight Germination potential Masting species sustainable use Dioecious species

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Research Progress of Epigenetics in Liver Cancer

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2024年第3期15卷 71-82页

作者： shijian Fu Min Guo president office The Fourth People’s Hospital of Haikou Haikou China

Epigenetic changes are changes in gene expression by regulating gene transcription and translation without changing the nucleotide sequence of the genome. Although the genome itself changes during the occurrence and development of most malignant tumors, recent studies have found that epigenetic changes also play an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors. Epigenetic modification mainly includes DNA methylation, histone modification and miRNA regulation. This review focuses on the role and mechanism of epigenetic modification in the occurrence, metastasis and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and summarizes the latest methods for the treatment of HCC by restoring dysregulated epigenetic modification. It provides a theoretical basis for revealing the pathogenesis of liver cancer and developing new methods of diagnosis and treatment.

关键词： Epigenetics Hepatocellular Carcinoma DNA Methylation Histone Modification miRNA Regulation

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Effect of Cognitive Behavioral Intervention on Plasma Cortisol in Patients with Breast Cancer PTsD

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2024年第3期15卷 62-70页

作者： Yanling Zhou Min Guo president office The Fourth People’s Hospital of Haikou City Haikou China

Objective: To investigate the effect of cognitive behavioral intervention on plasma cortisol in patients with breast cancer PTsD before surgery. Methods: sCL-90, EPQ-N and cognitive behavior intervention were performed on 30 patients with PTsD, 30 patients without PTsD and 30 normal subjects, and their fasting blood was collected to analyze cortisol in the morning. Results: The scores of sCL-90 and EPQ-N in patients with breast cancer PTsD were significantly higher than those in non-PTsD patients and normal subjects (P sma cortisol level of breast cancer PTsD patients was significantly decreased (P Conclusion: Compared with non-PTsD breast cancer patients and normal control group, breast cancer PTsD patients had more serious psychological problems, worse emotional stability and higher plasma cortisol level. Cognitive-behavioral intervention can effectively reduce plasma cortisol levels in breast cancer patients with PTsD.

关键词： Cognitive Behavior Intervention Breast Cancer PTsD Cortisol

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ONE sUPER POWER:PEACE

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Beijing Review 2024年第1期67卷 16-17页

作者： Gao Zhikai soochow University in suzhou and vice president of the Center for China and Globalization in Beijing

In 1977,the resumption of the national college entrance examina-Ltion(or gaokao in Chinese)after the tumultuous era of what is referred to as the"Cultural Revolution"(1966-76)marked a seminal moment in China's *** was against this stirring backdrop that my life as a young,ambitious 15-year-old student was about to undergo a dramatic change.

关键词： stirring college young

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Climate change vulnerability assessment in the new urban planning process in Tanzania

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Regional sustainability 2024年第3期5卷 1-11页

作者： Issa NYAsHILU Robert KIUNsI Alphonce KYEssI vice president’s office Government CityDodoma2502Tanzania Department of Environmental Engineering and Technology Ardhi UniversityDar es Salaam35176Tanzania Institute of Human settlements studies Ardhi UniversityDar es Salaam35176Tanzania

Climate change vulnerability assessment is an essential tool for identifying regions that are most susceptible to the impacts of climate change and designing effective adaptation actions that can reduce vulnerability and enhance long-term resilience of these *** study explored a framework for climate change vulnerability assessment in the new urban planning process in Jangwani Ward,***,taking flood as an example,this study highlighted the steps and methods for climate change vulnerability assessment in the new urban planning *** the study area,95 households were selected and interviewed through purposeful ***,10 respondents(4 females and 6 males)were interviewed for Focus Group Discussion(FGD),and 3 respondents(1 female and 2 males)were selected for Key Informant Interviews(KII)at the Ministry of Lands,Housing and Human settlements *** study indicated that climate change vulnerability assessment framework involves the assessment of climatic hazards,risk elements,and adaptive capacity,and the determination of vulnerability *** average hazard risk rating of flood was *** and livelihood activities and physical infrastructures both had the average risk element rating of 3.0,and ecosystems had the average risk element rating of *** capacity ratings of knowledge,technology,economy or finance,and institution were 1.6,1.9,1.4,and 2.2,*** vulnerability levels of socioeconomic and livelihood activities and physical infrastructure were very high(4.0).Ecosystems had a high vulnerability level(3.8)to *** very high vulnerability level of socioeconomic and livelihood activities was driven by high exposure and sensitivity to risk elements and low adaptive *** study recommends adoption of the new urban planning process including preparation,planning,implementation,and monitoring-evaluation-review phases that integrates climate change vulnerability assessment in

关键词： Climate change Vulnerability level Climatic hazard Risk elements Adaptive capacity New urban planning process

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Hypoxic and temporal variation in the endocrine disrupting toxicity of perfluorobutanesulfonate in marine medaka(Oryzias melastigma)

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第2期136卷 279-291页

作者： Baili sun Jing Li Yachen Bai Xiangzhen Zhou Paul K.s.Lam Lianguo Chen state Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China office of the president Hong Kong Metropolitan University30 Good Shepherd StreetKowloonHong Kong SARChina

Perfluorobutanesulfonate(PFBs)is an emerging pollutant capable of potently disrupting the sex and thyroid endocrine systems of ***,the hypoxic and temporal variation in PFBs endocrine disrupting toxicity remain largely *** the present study,adult marine medaka were exposed to environmentally realistic concentrations of PFBs(0 and 10μg/L)under normoxia or hypoxia conditions for 7 days,aiming to explore the interactive behavior between PFBs and *** addition,PFBs singular exposure was extended till 21days under normoxia to elucidate the time-course progression in PFBs *** results showed that hypoxia inhibited the growth and caused the suspension of egg spawn regardless of PFBs *** regard to the sex endocrine system,7-day PFBs exposure led to an acute stimulation of transcriptional profiles in females,which,subsequently,recovered after the 21-day *** potency of hypoxia to disturb the sex hormones was much stronger than PFBs.A remarkable increase in estradiol concentration was noted in medaka blood after hypoxia *** in sex endocrinology of coexposed fish were largely determined by hypoxia,which drove the formation of an estrogenic *** further enhanced the endocrine disrupting effects of ***,the hepatic synthesis of vitellogenin and choriogenin,two commonly used sensitive biomarkers of estrogenic activity,failed to initiate in response to the estrogen *** to sex endocrine system,disturbances in thyroidal axis by PFBs or hypoxia were relatively ***,the present findings will advance our toxicological understanding about PFBs pollutant under the interference of hypoxia.

关键词： Perfluorobutanesulfonate(PFBs) Aquatic hypoxia Temporal toxicity Combined exposure Endocrine disruption Marine medaka

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Correlation study of Neurotransmitter and Immune Levels in Pre-Hospital Emergency Nurses with Post-Traumatic stress Disorder

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain science 2024年第1期14卷 12-22页

作者： Yanling Zhou Min Guo Xiangling Jiang Long Li office of the president The Fourth People’s Hospital of Haikou City Haikou China Department of Psychology Haikou People’s Hospital Haikou China Nursing Department The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College Haikou China

Objective: To investigate the occurrence of PTsD in pre-hospital emergency nurses and its related factors, and to compare the differences of neurotransmitter and immune-related factors between pre-hospital emergency nurses who experienced traumatic events and those who did not develop PTsD and healthy people. How: Post-traumatic stress Disorder self-Rating scale (PCL-C) tests were performed on pre-hospital emergency nurses in PTsD group, non-PTsD group and healthy control group, and the plasma monoamine neurotransmitters and serum cytokines were determined by double-antibody sandwich ABC-ELIsA assay using enzyme-linked adsorption kit provided by shanghai Xitang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Results: 1) There were statistically significant differences in PCL-C scores between PTsD group, non-PTsD group and healthy group (p α between PTsD group, non-PTsD group and healthy group (p Conclusion: Pre-hospital emergency nurses should have early psychological intervention and guidance to reduce the occurrence of PTsD in emergency and emergency nurses.

关键词： Pre-Hospital First Aid Nurse Post-Traumatic stress Disorder Neuroimmunology

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Macroinvertebrate Community Index (MCI) and Quantitative Macroinvertebrate Community Index (QMCI) Analysis: A Comparative study between Le Afe and Mulivaifagatoloa Rivers, Upolu Island, samoa

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第8期12卷 149-167页

作者： s. Taupega-satau P. Amosa A. Leauga J. Nunufolau T. Veni Nun Yan Department of science National University of Samoa Apia Samoa office of The vice Chancellor National University of Samoa Apia Samoa Department of Information Technology and systems National University of Samoa Apia Samoa

The diversity of samoa’s freshwater macroinvertebrates remains largely unexplored, with past studies focusing on specific species without comprehensive cataloguing. This research evaluated the health of Upolu Island’s rural rivers through macroinvertebrate analysis, particularly in the Le Afe and Mulivaifagatoloa Rivers. Collaborating with samoa’s Water Resources Division in the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MNRE), three sites along each river were sampled, representing a gradient from pristine to anthropogenically impacted areas. A total of 2953 macroinvertebrates were collected and classified into five categories using established identification keys. The Macroinvertebrate Community Index (MCI) and Quantitative Macroinvertebrate Community Index (QMCI) were applied for analysis. The results showed no clear pattern of pollutant-sensitive species prevalence or decline in less disturbed rivers. High MCI scores with low QMCI values indicated numerous low-scoring species, while the opposite suggested a richness of high-scoring taxa. Although MCI and QMCI are tools for monitoring freshwater health, this study lays the groundwork for future research to categorize samoan macroinvertebrates and assign tolerance scores based on their presence in varying river conditions. .

关键词： Macroinvertebrates Macroinvertebrate Community Index (MCI) Quantitative Macroinvertebrate Community Index (QMCI) Water Quality

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Domestication of Marama Bean in Arid Namibia: Challenges and Opportunities in a Climate Changing Agroecology

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第1期13卷 14-30页

作者： Percy Maruwa Chimwamurombe Erold Naomab Department of Biology Chemistry and Physics School of Natural and Applied Sciences Faculty of Health Natural Resources and Applied Sciences Namibia University of Science and Technology Windhoek Namibia office of the vice Chancellor Namibia University of Science and Technology Windhoek Namibia

Tylosema esculentum (Burch.) A. schreib. (Marama bean), referred to as marama in sections of this article, is an obligate outcrossing native plant with a yield potential of 2 ton/hectare which grows naturally in the deep sandy soils of the Kalahari Desert. It has adapted to the low precipitation levels in that agro-ecosystem. Marama serves as a staple food for the san and Bantus in that area. In Namibia, in the past you could find wild stands of marama in the Khomas region, Omaheke region, and the Otjozondjupa region without must struggle. It is renowned for its brown seeds, which are rich in high-quality oils and proteins. The tuberous root contains a significant amount of starch. The objective of domesticating orphaned marama is to provide farmers in this climate change-prone region with a viable alternative for food and nutrition security. This program, initiated in 2008 with an open-minded mindset, required swift implementation using harsh and occasionally unconventional methods. To introduce indigenous tools for resource-poor farmers, the domestication program prioritized the utilization of farmer-participatory methodologies. It was crucial to integrate old and new approaches to ensure learning from past and present experiences, leading to innovative solutions. There is little research and development of native crops in Africa because most of the currently cultivates crops were brought for use from abroad. Only a few numbers of indeginous African crops can be named. The arid Kalahari region, susceptible to climate change, necessitates the revival of indigenous crops like marama, which are resilient and well-adapted to the region’s conditions and have thrived for centuries. In many discussions regarding the health and nutrition of Africa, the recommendation to consume traditional foods to avoid exposure to modern foods, which may not be genetically compatible, is frequently emphasized. Regardless of their validity, these opinions must be acknowledged, and steps

关键词： Crop Improvement Crop Domestication Drought Tolerance Food security Genetic Improvement Marama Bean Tylosema esculentum

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