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Rare Metals 2020年第12期39卷 1425-1439页

作者： Wan-Ying Liu Ying Liu Carsten Blawert Mikhail-L.Zheludkevich Chun-Ling Fan Mohd Talha Yuan-Hua Lin college of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China School of New Energy and Materials Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht Zentrum fur Material-und Küstenforschung gmbh.Institute of Materials Research Geesthacht 21502Germany Chongqing Xinyu Pressure Vessel Manufacturing co. Ltd..Chongqing 402560China

The plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO)coatings were produced on D16 T Al alloy in the aluminate and silicate electrolyte with and without *** phase composition,microstructure and elemental distribution of the coatings were tested by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM)and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX).The wear and corrosion resistance of PEO coatings were evaluated by dry sliding wear tests and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS).The morphology feature of the wear tracks was compared and analyzed by SEM and three-dimensional *** results demonstrate that the structure,wear and corrosion resistance of PEO coatings with graphene are better than that of PEO coatings without *** coating fabricated in the aluminate electrolyte with graphene exhibited the lowest *** coated samples formed in silicate electrolyte with graphene displayed the thickest,densest and the most compact *** exhibited the best wear and corrosion resistance due to the incorporation mode of graphene in the *** mechanism of graphene improving the wear and corrosion resistance of PEO coating was further *** summary,the comprehensive performances of PEO coatings formed in silicate electrolyte on D16 T Al alloy are superior to that produced in aluminate electrolyte.

关键词： PEO coatings D16T Al alloy Graphene Wear corrosion

新型1200V SPT^+芯片技术和17mm的IGBT功率模块平台——最先进逆变器设计的理想组合

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电源世界 2006年第4期 55-58页

作者： C.Daucher D.Seng A.Wahi SEMIKRONElectronic gmbh & co.KG SEMIKRONInternational gmbh

在具有重要意义的1200V电压等级的市场上,SEMIKRON推出了17mm厚的扁平化的采用SEMIX功率模块封装的下一代软穿通(SFT)IGBT,即SPT+,作为今后开发其他产品的产品平台。和以前的软穿通芯片模块相比,SPT+模块的开关损耗和导通损耗低。芯片... 详细信息

在具有重要意义的1200V电压等级的市场上,SEMIKRON推出了17mm厚的扁平化的采用SEMIX功率模块封装的下一代软穿通(SFT)IGBT,即SPT+,作为今后开发其他产品的产品平台。和以前的软穿通芯片模块相比,SPT+模块的开关损耗和导通损耗低。芯片的自锁模式及极富创新的SEMIX封装使得客户可以容易地设计出成本低、结构紧凑的逆变器。本文介绍了SPT+的电气性能测试结果,并和以前的SPT芯片进行了比较。

关键词： IGBT功率模块芯片技术产品平台逆变器设计理想模块封装电压等级芯片模块导通损耗

Levothyroxine therapy and impaired clearance are the strongest contributors to small intestinal bacterial overgrowth: Results of a retrospective cohort study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第5期23卷 842-852页

作者： Thorsten Brechmann Andre Sperlbaum Wolff Schmiegel Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Berufsge--nossenschaftliches Universit?tsklinikum Bergmannsheil GmbHRuhr--University Bochum44789 BochumGermany

AIM To identify a set of contributors, and weight and rank them on a pathophysiological *** Patients who have undergone a lactulose or glucose hydrogen breath test to rule out small intestinal bacterial overgrowth(SIBO) for various clinical symptoms, including diarrhoea, weight loss, abdominal pain, cramping or bloating, were seen as eligible for inclusion in a retrospective single-centre study. Clinical data such as co-morbidities, medication, laboratory parameters and other possible risk factors have been identified from the electronic data system. Cases lacking or with substantially incomplete clinical data were excluded from the analysis. Suspected contributors were summarised under four different pathophysiological pathways(impaired gastric acid barrier, impaired intestinal clearance, immunosuppression and miscellaneous factors including thyroid gland variables) and investigated using the χ2 test, Student's t-test and logistic regression *** A total of 1809 patients who had undergone hydrogen breath testing were analysed. Impairment of the gastric acid barrier(gastrectomy, odds ratio: OR = 3.5, PPI therapy OR = 1.4), impairment of intestinal clearance(any resecting gastric surgery OR = 2.6, any colonicresection OR = 1.9, stenosis OR = 3.4, gastroparesis OR = 3.4, neuropathy 2.2), immunological factors(any drug-induced immunosuppression OR = 1.8), altered thyroid gland metabolism(hypothyroidism OR = 2.6, levothyroxine therapy OR = 3.0) and diabetes mellitus(OR = 1.9) were associated significantly to SIBO. Any abdominal surgery, ileocecal resection, vagotomy or Ig A-deficiency did not have any influence, and a history of appendectomy decreased the risk of SIBO. Multivariate analysis revealed gastric surgery, stenoses, medical immunosuppression and levothyroxine to be the strongest predictors. Levothyroxine therapy was the strongest contributor in a simplified model(OR = 3.0).coNCLUSION The most important contributors for the development of SI

关键词： Bacterial overgrowth syndrome Hydrogen breath tests Immunosuppression Intestinal motility Hypothyroidism

Blood glucose response after oral lactulose intake in type 2 diabetic individuals

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第6期12卷 893-907页

作者： Thomas R Pieber Eva Svehlikova Ines Mursic Tamara Esterl Manfred Wargenau Tina Sartorius Lioba Pauly Susann Schwejda-Guettes Annalena Neumann Valentin Faerber John Friedrich Stover Barbara Gaigg Angelika Kuchinka-Koch Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology Department of Internal MedicineMedical University of GrazGraz 8036Austria Department of Statistic M.A.R.C.O.GmbH&Co.KGInstitute for Clinical Research and StatisticsDüsseldorf 40211Germany Department of Nutritional CRO BioTeSys GmbHEsslingen 73728Germany Department of Medical&Clinical Affairs Market Access&Education Business Unit Enteral NutritionBad Homburg 61352Germany Department of Medical Clinical&Regulatory AffairsBusiness Unit Parenteral NutritionKeto-Analogues and Standard I.V.FluidsFresenius Kabi Deutschland GmbHBad Homburg 61352Germany Department of consultancy Stover-SolutionsZurich 8006Switzerland Market Unit Lactulose Fresenius Kabi Austria GmbHLinz 4020Austria

BACKGROUND Lactulose is approved for the symptomatic treatment of constipation,a gastrointestinal(GI)complication common in individuals with *** products contain carbohydrate impurities(e.g.,lactose,fructose,galactose),which occur during the lactulose manufacturing *** impurities may affect the blood glucose levels of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)using lactulose for the treatment of mild constipation.A previous study in healthy subjects revealed no increase in blood glucose levels after oral lactulose ***,it is still unclear whether the intake of lactulose increases blood glucose levels in individuals with *** To evaluate the blood glucose profile after oral lactulose intake in mildly constipated,non-insulin-dependent subjects with T2DM in an outpatient *** This prospective,double-blind,randomized,controlled,single-center trial was conducted at the Clinical Research Center at the Medical University of Graz,Austria,in 24 adult Caucasian mildly constipated,non-insulin-dependent subjects with *** subjects were randomized and assigned to one of six treatment sequences,each consisting of four treatments stratified by sex using an incomplete block *** received a single dose of 20 g or 30 g lactulose(crystal and liquid formulation),water as negative control or 30 g glucose as positive *** blood glucose concentrations were measured over a period of 180 min post *** primary endpoint was the baseline-corrected area under the curve of blood glucose concentrations over the complete assessment period[AUC_(baseline_c(0-180 min))].Quantitative comparisons were performed for both lactulose doses and formulations vs water for the equal lactulose dose vs glucose,as well as for liquid lactulose vs crystal *** parameters included GI tolerability,which was assessed at 180 min and 24 h post dose,and adverse events occurring up to 24 h post *** 24 randomized

关键词： Lactulose constipation Blood glucose Type 2 diabetes mellitus Laxative Sugar substitute

Advantages of Multi-body Simulation within the Design Process of Heavy Drivetrains

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Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation 2014年第12期4卷 919-923页

作者： Jennifer Papies Christoph Lohmann Jorg Hermes Markus Woppermann Ruhr University Bochum Bochum 44801 Germany SEW-EURODRIVE gmbh & co. KG Bruchsal 76646 Germany

For the further design of the particular gearbox components, the alternating cycles of the respective application mean an often insufficient knowledge of the actual loads occuring in use. Especially for the application within lifting units, such dynamic load cycles are very difficult to pre-estimate. The so-called slack rope test represents the most critical point in the load cycle and provides a special challenge for the gearbox design. Because of this missing expert knowledge, a test bench of such an application is installed and applied to practical movement cycles. Besides the test bench, a multi-body simulation model of the whole system is mapped within the MBS （multi-body simulation） environment SIMPACK. To verify this simulation model, the results are compared with the respective measurements of the test bench. These comparisons show very good agreements. Thus, one of the major advantages of using such simulation tools is the possibility to re-evaluate the internal and external loads during the whole design process. Finally, these simulations serve as a clarification of the load spectrum of the different drivetrain components. Gearbox series or different modifications of the design can now be analyzed prospectively without extensive testing.

关键词： comparison of test bench and simulation results dynamic behavior of lifting units multi-body simulation.

Development and Implementation of a Rotating Nanoimprint Lithography Tool for Orthogonal Imprinting on Edges of Curved Surfaces

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2021年第3期4卷 175-180页

作者： Shraddha Supreeti Ralf Schienbein Patrick FeBer Florian Fern Martin Hoffmann Stefan Sinzinger Electronics Technology Group Technical University of IlmenauIlmenauGermany Institute for Design and Precision Engineering Technical University of IlmenauIlmenauGermany Technical Optics Group Technical University of IlmenauIlmenauGermany JUMO gmbh&co.KG FuldaGermany Microsystems Technology Group Ruhr-University BochumBochum.Germany

Uniform molding and demolding of structures on highly curved surfaces through conformal contact is a crucial yet often-overlooked aspect of nanoimprint lithography(NIL).This study describes the development of a NIL tool and its integration into a nanopositioning and nanomeasuring machine to achieve high-precision orthogonal molding and demolding for soft ultraviolet-assisted NIL(soft UV-NIL).The process was implemented primarily on the edges of highly curved plano-convex substrates to demonstrate structure uniformity on the ***-resolution nanostructures of sub-200-nm lateral dimension and microstructures in the range of tens of microns were ***,the nanostructures on the edges of the large,curved substrates were difficult to characterize ***,microstructures were used to measure the structure fidelity and were characterized using profilometry,white light interferometry,and confocal laser scanning *** of the restricted imaging capabilities at high inclinations for high-resolution nanostructures,the scanning electron microscope(SEM)imaging of the structures on top of the lens substrate and at an inclination of 45°was *** micro and nanostructures were successfully imprinted on the edges of the plano-convex lens at angles of 45°,60°,and 90°from the center of rotation of the rotating NIL *** method enables precise imprinting at high inclinations,thereby presenting a different approach to soft UV-NIL on curved surfaces.

关键词： Nanoimprint lithography Rotating NIL tool Curved surface Imprinting Nanopositioning

Psychophysiological Effects of a combination of Sideritis and Bacopa Extract (memoLoges^®) in 32 Subjects Suffering from Mild cognitive Impairment. A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled, 2-Armed Study with Parallel Design

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Advances in Alzheimer's Disease 2016年第3期5卷 103-125页

作者： Wilfried Dimpfel Andreas Biller Samir Suliman Gwladys N. Chiegoua Dipah Justus-Liebig-University Giessen Germany Dr. Loges + co. gmbh Winsen Germany Neurocode AG Wetzlar Germany

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) can be regarded as a non-demented transitional stage during the development of Alzheimer’s disease. Early recognition of this stage might increase the chance of prevention by early treatment. Within a pilot study, two plant-derived preparations and mixtures thereof were tested successfully in subjects suffering from MCI. A combination of Sideritis scardica and Bacopa monnieri extract (memoLoges®) was chosen now for a repetitive dosing during 4 weeks. Thirty-two subjects aged 50 to 80 years and suffering from MCI (having a DemTect questionnaire score between 8 and 13) were recruited for intake of 2 capsules of the preparation per day. Quantitative EEG recording during relaxation and concomitant performance of three 5 minutes lasting psychometric tests (d2-concentration test, arithmetic calculation test and memory test) was achieved at the first day and one day after the last repetitive intake. Seventeen channels of EEG and one channel EOG (for artefact rejection) were recorded. After frequency analysis (FFT) current source density was calculated as reported earlier. One, two and three hours after intake of the herbal extract or placebo the whole procedure was repeated. Brain imaging was achieved by conversion of numerical values of spectral EEG power into spectral colors and additive color mixture according to RGB as used in TV settings. Intake of memoLoges® induced a trend of improvement of performance in psychometric testing (all three tests). During relaxation quantitative assessment of EEG data revealed attenuation of delta and theta spectral power in frontal brain as likewise reported in the presence of the Alzheimer drug rivastigmine, bringing the spectrum back to “normality”. During mental work memoLoges® induced statistically significant increases of beta power. Since MCI subjects produce less beta power in comparison to healthy subjects, this increase must likewise be seen as a positive effect

关键词： Sideritis scardica Bacopa monnieri EEG Source Density Spectral Power Mild cognitive Impairment memoLoges® Psychophysiology CATEEM®

Psychophysiological Effectiveness of Calmvalera Hevert Tablets as Measured by EnkephaloVision in Anxious Subjects during Audio-Visual cognitive and Emotional Challenges: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled, 2-Armed, Phase IV Study in Parallel Design

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2016年第10期6卷 404-431页

作者： Wilfried Dimpfel Sieglinde Tausend Samir Suliman Gwladys N. Chiegoua Dipah Justus-Liebig-University Giessen Germany Hevert-Arzneimittel gmbh & co. KG Nussbaum Germany Neurocode AG Wetzlar Germany

Subjects suffering from anxiety during examinations often take drugs with considerable side effects. As alternative, homeopathic preparations virtually lack side effects in general. However, clinical efficacy has to be demonstrated. This experimental series was initiated to provide evidence, that Calmvalera Hevert tablets, marketed for treatment of nervous restlessness and better coping with stress, have an influence on brain electric activity. In order to test this, a new clinical design was used: “EnkephaloVision”. It consists of the combination of quantitative EEG recording with time epochs of 364 ms (Neurocode-Tracking) with conventional Eye-Tracking. Seventeen channels of EEG and one channel EOG were recorded. After frequency analysis (FFT) current source density was calculated. Recording was performed in the presence of a video clip, which contained several different cognitive and emotional challenges in series. Twenty-four male and female subjects having a score >60 in an anxiety questionnaire (Prüfungsangstfragebogen PAF-S) were recruited to participate. A correlation between the Hamilton anxiety score and spectral alpha1 power during the recording condition “eyes open” before drug intake was detected. Spectral power was averaged including Cz, F3 and F4 electrode positions. Audiovisual challenges induced spectral changes with respect to delta, theta and beta power, not in the alpha ranges, to a different but statistically significant degree. Intake of Calmvalera Hevert tablets resulted in statistically significant increases of alpha1 and alpha2 spectral power during most of the recording conditions within the left hemisphere. Increases of alpha activity have been related to relaxation and calmness as reported in the literature. Discriminant analysis of the whole data set revealed a clear difference between verum and placebo and a projection of the data into the vicinity of other plant-derived calming preparations. Performance

关键词： EEG Source Density Spectral Power Calmvalera Hevert Tablets cognition Psychophysiology CATEEM® Neurocode-Tracking Eye-Tracking EnkephaloVision

Characteristics,treatment patterns,and glycemic control of older type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in China

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Chinese Medical Journal 2021年第23期134卷 2893-2895页

作者： Xiao-Ling Cai Jie Shen Bin-Qi Ye Qiang Li Douglas ASClark Li-Nong Ji Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Peking University People’s HospitalBeijing 100044China Department of Medical Affairs Boehringer Ingelheim(China)Investment Co.Ltd.Shanghai 200040China Department of Biostatistics&Data Sciences Asia Boehringer Ingelheim(China)Investment Co.Ltd.Shanghai 200040China Department of Global Epidemiology Boehringer Ingelheim(China)Investment Co.Ltd.Beijing 100027China Boehringer Ingelheim International gmbh Binger Strasse 17355216 Ingelheim am RheinGermany.

To the Editor:The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)in older Chinese adults(≥60 years)is over 20%.[1]In comparison to younger patients,older diabetes patients tend to have lower rate of adequate glycemic control(conducted a nation-wide cross-sectional study to examine the clinical characteristics,anti-diabetic treatment patterns,and glycemic control in older(≥60 years)Chinese *** associated with poor glycemic control were identified with multivariate regression analysis.

关键词： patients T2DM diabetes