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Accurate Shortwave Radiation Simulation with a Two-Layer Aerosol Model in Xinjiang Region

Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第1期38卷 69-87页

作者： Guan HUANG Yonghang CHEN Qiong LIU Pengtao WANG Qianshan HE Qing HE Shuai LI Weiling SHAO Ting FAN School of Tourism&Research Institute of Human Geography Xi’an International Studies UniversityXi’an 710128 Center for Silk Road and Eurasian Civilization Studies Xi’an International Studies UniversityXi’an 710128 College of Environmental Science and Engineering Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620 Shanghai Meteorological Service Shanghai 200030 Shanghai Key Laboratory of meteorology and Health Shanghai 200030 Taklimakan desert meteorology Field Experiment Station of China Meteorological Administration Institute of Desert MeteorologyUrumqi 830002 Xinjiang Climate Centre Xinjiang Meteorological ServiceUrumqi 830002

To harness the rich solar energy resources in Xinjiang Region of Northwest China,this study tries to address the issue of lack of downward surface shortwave radiation(DSSR)observations and the need to improve the accuracy of satellite retrieval and numerical simulation of DSSR under varied sky and meteorological conditions.(1)A two-layer aerosol model specific to Xinjiang was developed to capture the vertical distributions of aerosols based on multiple data sources including lidar,GPS sounding,ground meteorological observations,and profiles from the ECMWF reanalysis version 5(ERA5)*** results show that the ERA5/PBLH(planetary boundary layer height)and ERA5/ALH(aerosol layer height)could be used to establish the two-layer aerosol model and characterize the vertical distribution of aerosols in Xinjiang Region.(2)Using the Santa Barbara Discrete Atmospheric Radiative Transfer(SBDART)model,a localized inverse model of clear-sky DSSR was *** parameter adjustment and using the optimal combination of input parameters for DSSR simulation together with the two-layer aerosol model,the model-simulated DSSR(DSSRSBD)under clear-sky conditions improved significantly compared to the initial results,with all fitting indices greatly improved.(3)In addition,the study demonstrated that the impact of the two-layer aerosol model on DSSR was more pronounced under dust conditions than clear-sky conditions.(4)Using the localized clear-sky DSSR inversion model and its required parameters,simulations were also conducted to capture the spatiotemporal distribution of DSSR under clear-sky conditions in Xinjiang from 2017 to *** annual average DSSR_(SBD)under clear-sky conditions in Xinjiang during 2017–2019 was 606.78 W m^(-2),while DSSR from CERES(DSSR_(CER))under the same conditions was generally higher(703.95 W m^(-2)).(5)It is found that satellite remote sensing products experienced data loss in high-altitude snow areas,where numerical simulation technology could ser

关键词： downward surface shortwave radiation(DSSR) aerosol vertical distribution Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System(CERES) Santa Barbara Discrete Atmospheric Radiative Transfer(SBDART) Xinjiang

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Environmental Conditions Conducive to the Formation of Multiple Tropical Cyclones over the Western North Pacific

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第10期41卷 2027-2042页

作者： Yining GU Ruifen ZHAN Xiaomeng LI Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences/Institute of Atmospheric Sciences Fudan University CMA-FDU Joint Laboratory of Marine meteorology Institute of desert and meteorology China Meteorological Administration

There is limited understanding regarding the formation of multiple tropical cyclones(MTCs). This study explores the environmental conditions conducive to MTC formation by objectively determining the atmospheric circulation patterns favorable for MTC formation over the western North Pacific. Based on 199 MTC events occurring from June to October 1980–2020, four distinct circulation patterns are identified: the monsoon trough(MT) pattern, accounting for 40.3% of occurrences, the confluence zone(CON) pattern at 26.2%, the easterly wave(EW) pattern at 17.8%, and the monsoon gyre(MG) pattern at 15.7%. The MT pattern mainly arises from the interaction between the subtropical high and the monsoon trough, with MTCs forming along the monsoon trough and its flanks. The CON pattern is affected by the subtropical high,the South Asian high, and the monsoon trough, with MTCs emerging at the confluence zone where the prevailing southwesterly and southeasterly flows converge. The EW pattern is dominated by easterly flows, with MTCs developing along the easterly wave train. MTCs in the MG pattern arise within a monsoon vortex characterized by strong southwesterly flows. A quantitative analysis further indicates that MTC formation in the MT pattern is primarily governed by mid-level vertical velocity and low-level vorticity, while mid-level humidity and vertical velocity are significantly important in the other patterns. The meridional shear and convergence of zonal winds are essential in converting barotropic energy from the basic flows to disturbance kinetic energy, acting as the primary source for eddy kinetic energy growth.

关键词： barotropic energy conversion circulation pattern monsoon trough multiple tropical cyclones western North Pacific

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Compound events of heatwave and dust storm in the Taklamakan desert

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第7期67卷 2073-2083页

作者： Yuzhi LIU Jianping HUANG Ziyuan TAN Chenglong ZHOU Dan LI Yongkun XIE Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Taklamakan National Station of Observation and Research for desert meteorology in Xinjiang Urumqi 830002China

Taklamakan desert(TD)has been characterized by numerous heatwaves and dust storms,leading to negative effects on societies and ecosystems at regional and global ***,the association between heatwaves and dust storms is poorly *** this study,we describe the association between heatwaves and dust events and propose a mechanism for such compound events in the *** results show that,from 1993 to 2022,the frequency and intensity of heatwaves in the TD have increased at a rate of 0.21 days year^(-1)and 0.02℃ year^(-1),*** than 40% of heatwaves existed with dust events,which significantly lagged behind ***,the higher the air temperature,the hotter and drier the soil,leading to more dust emissions in the *** high-occurrence heatwave years,a large-scale wave train of“cyclone-anticyclone-cyclone”in the northwest-southeast direction was found,with the anticyclone of which hovered over the TD *** anomalous anticyclones favored the formation and maintenance of heatwaves,and subsequent anomalous cyclones in the wave train triggered strong dust events followed by *** climate warming,the compound events of heatwave and dust storm are becoming bigger hazards threatening the socioeconomic and ecological security in the TD,the profound study of which is critical to understanding regional extreme responses.

关键词： Heatwave Dust storm Compound events Taklamakan desert

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Multimodel Ensemble Forecast of Global Horizontal Irradiance at PV Power Stations Based on Dynamic Variable Weight

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Journal of Tropical meteorology 2024年第3期30卷 327-336页

作者： YUAN Bin SHEN Yan-bo DENG Hua YANG Yang CHEN Qi-ying YE Dong MO Jing-yue YAO Jin-feng LIU Zong-hui Public Meteorological Service Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 China Key Laboratory of Energy meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 China Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationGuangzhou 510641 China Institute of Urban meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100089 China Center for Earth System Modeling and Prediction China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 China Institute of desert meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationUrumqi 830002 China

In the present study,multimodel ensemble forecast experiments of the global horizontal irradiance(GHI)were conducted using the dynamic variable weight *** study was based on the forecasts of four numerical models,namely,the China Meteorological Administration Wind Energy and Solar Energy Prediction System,the Mesoscale Weather Numerical Prediction System of China Meteorological Administration,the China Meteorological Administration Regional Mesoscale Numerical Prediction System-Guangdong,and the Weather Research and Forecasting Model-Solar,and observational data from four photovoltaic(PV)power stations in Yangjiang City,Guangdong *** results show that compared with those of the monthly optimal numerical model forecasts,the dynamic variable weight-based ensemble forecasts exhibited 0.97%-15.96%smaller values of the mean absolute error and 3.31%-18.40%lower values of the root mean square error(RMSE).However,the increase in the correlation coefficient was not ***,the multimodel ensemble mainly improved the performance of GHI forecasts below 700 W m-2,particularly below 400 W m-2,with RMSE reductions as high as 7.56%-28.28%.In contrast,the RMSE increased at GHI levels above 700 W *** for the key period of PV power station output(02:00-07:00),the accuracy of GHI forecasts could be improved by the multimodel ensemble:the multimodel ensemble could effectively decrease the daily maximum absolute error(AE max)of GHI ***,with increasing forecasting difficulty under cloudy conditions,the multimodel ensemble,which yields data closer to the actual observations,could simulate GHI fluctuations more accurately.

关键词： GHI forecast multimodel ensemble dynamic variable weight PV power station

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Yields,growth and water use under chemical topping in relations to row configuration and plant density in drip-irrigated cotton

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第2期7卷 123-136页

作者： Wang Xuejiao Hu Yanping Ji Chunrong Chen Yongfan Sun Shuai Zhang Zeshan Zhang Yutong Wang Sen Yang Mingfeng Ji Fen Guo Yanyun Li Jie Zhang Lizhen Xinjiang Agriculture Network Information Center Xinjiang Agrometeorological ObservatoryUrumqi 830002China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Xinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqi 830091China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China China Meteorological Administration Institute of Desert MeteorologyUrumqi 830002China Wulanwusu Agrometeorological Station Shihezi 832199China Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences China National Cotton R&D CenterUrumqi 830091China

Background Water deficit is an important problem in agricultural production in arid *** the advent of wholly mechanized technology for cotton planting in Xinjiang,it is important to determine which planting mode could achieve high yield,fiber quality and water use efficiency(WUE).This study aimed to explore if chemical topping affected cotton yield,quality and water use in relation to row configuration and plant *** Experiments were carried out in Xinjiang China,in 2020 and 2021 with two topping method,manual topping and chemical topping,two plant densities,low and high,and two row configurations,i.e.,76 cm equal rows and 10+66 cm narrow-wide rows,which were commonly applied in matching harvest *** topping increased seed cotton yield,but did not affect cotton fiber quality comparing to traditional manual *** equal row spacing,the WUE in higher density was 62.4%higher than in the lower ***,under narrow-wide row spacing,the WUE in lower density was 53.3%higher than in higher one(farmers’practice).For machine-harvest cotton in Xinjiang,the optimal row configuration and plant density for chemical topping was narrow-wide rows with 15 plants m-2 or equal rows with 18 plants *** The plant density recommended in narrow-wide rows was less than farmers’practice and the density in equal rows was moderate with local *** results provide new knowledge on optimizing agronomic managements of machine-harvested cotton for both high yield and water efficient.

关键词： Yield components Fiber quality Transpiration Water use efficiency Heat ratio method(HRM)

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Differential response of radial growth and δ^(13)C in Qinghai spruce(Picea crassifolia) to climate change on the southern and northern slopes of the Qilian Mountains in Northwest China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第3期35卷 205-218页

作者： Li Qin Huaming Shang Weiping Liu Yuting Fan Kexiang Liu Tongwen Zhang Ruibo Zhang Key Laboratory of Tree-Ring Physical and Chemical Research(CMA)/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Tree-Ring Ecology Institute of Desert MeteorologyChina Meteorological AdministrationUrimqi 830002People's Republicof China Xinjiang Meteorological Information Center Urimqi 830002People's Republic of China

Tree radial growth can have significantly differ-ent responses to climate change depending on the *** elucidate the effects of climate on radial growth and stable carbon isotope(δ^(13)C)fractionation of Qing-hai spruce(Picea crassifolia),a widely distributed native conifer in northwestern China in different environments,we developed chronologies for tree-ring widths and δ^(13)C in trees on the southern and northern slopes of the Qilian Mountains,and analysed the relationship between these tree-ring variables and major climatic ***-ring widths were strongly influenced by climatic factors early in the growing season,and the radial growth in trees on the northern slopes was more sensitive to climate than in trees on the ***-ring δ^(13)C was more sensitive to climate than radial growth.δ^(13)C fractionation was mainly influenced by summer temperature and precipitation early in the growing *** conductance more strongly limited stable carbon isotope fractionation in tree rings than photosynthetic rate *** response between tree rings and climate in mountains gradually weakened as climate *** in radial growth and stable carbon isotope fractionation of *** in response to climate in the Qilian Mountains may be further complicated by continued climate change.

关键词： Tree rings Qinghai spruce(Picea crassifolia Kom.) Stable carbon isotope(δ^(13)C) Qilian Mountains:Climate change

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中国新疆生态变迁——揭示气候变化对植被动态的影响

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2024年第6期34卷 1039-1064页

作者：郝海超姚俊强陈亚宁徐建华李稚段伟利萨达夫-伊斯梅尔王桂玲 Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science(Ministry of Education) School of Geographic SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai200241China Graduate School of Advanced Integrated Studies in Human Survivability Kyoto UniversityYoshida-Nakaadachi 1Sakyo-kuKyoto 606-8306Japan Field Scientific Experiment Base of Akdala Atmospheric Background Institute of Desert MeteorologyChina Meteorological AdministrationUrumqi 830011China State Key Laboratory of desert and Oasis Ecology Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid LandsXinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyCASUrumqi 830011China School of Geographic Science Nantong UniversityNantong 226007JiangsuChina

For the past several decades, climate change has been driving vegetation dynamics in arid regions worldwide. This study investigates vegetation dynamics and their links to climate from 1990 to 2020 in Xinjiang, China, using data from 30-m resolution land use and cover change, remote sensing, and climate reanalysis. Our approach encompasses a range of analytical techniques, including transfer matrix analysis, modeling, correlation, regression,and trend analysis. During the study period, there were major vegetation conversions from grassland to forestland in the mountains, and from cropland to grassland in the plains. Climate change emerged as an important trigger of these changes, as evidenced by the increase in net primary productivity in most vegetation types, except for cropland-grassland and grassland-cropland conversions. Precipitation and soil moisture were the most influential climatic factors, contributing 15.1% and 15.2%, respectively, to natural vegetation *** study also found that evapotranspiration serves as a key mechanism for moisture dissipation in the hydrological cycle of vegetation dynamics. The interplay between precipitation,soil moisture, and evapotranspiration is a critical pattern of climatic influence that shapes vegetation dynamics across zones of intersection, increase, decrease, and change. These insights are invaluable for informing vegetation conservation and development strategies in Xinjiang and other similar environments facing climate-driven ecological transitions.

关键词： climate change ecological transitions LUCC NPP efficiency vegetation dynamics Xinjiang

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Decreasing productivity of pine forests on the southern edge of the Mongolian Plateau as indicated by tree rings

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第5期35卷 171-181页

作者： Zhuolan Shen Shijie Wang Feng Chen Heli Zhang Xiaoen Zhao Youping Chen Mao Hu Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco‑Security Institute of International Rivers and Eco‑SecurityYunnan UniversityKunming 650500People’s Republic of China Southwest United Graduate School Kunming 650500People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Tree-Ring Physical and Chemical Research of China Meteorological Administration/Xinjiang Laboratory of Tree-Ring Ecology Institute of Desert MeteorologyChina Meteorological AdministrationÜrümqi 830002People’s Republic of China

Vegetation productivity on the southern edge of the Inner Mongolian Plateau,which plays a vital role in the ecological environment and in the arable and pasto-ral production in this region,can be characterized by the NDVI(normalized difference vegetation index).However,the observed NDVI data span only the last~40 *** growth of Pinus tabulaeformis *** strongly correlated with the NDVI,making it a valuable proxy for extend-ing the length of observed NDVI *** this study,we reconstructed an NDVI series for 1776–2021 for the Daqing Mountains,based on a tree-ring width *** reconstructed data accounted for 55%of the variance in the observed data,and its statistical characteristics and validation indicate that the reconstruction is *** correlation analysis demonstrated the consistency of climate signals in central Inner Mongolia in both the arable and pastoral *** results of superposed epoch analysis revealed a good temporal consistency between drought and flood events and the reconstructed NDVI sequence in this region.

关键词： Drought Semi-arid area Peru current Yinshan Mountains

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Size distribution of PM_(20) observed to the north of the Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第2期18卷 367-376页

作者： ZHOU Cheng-long YANG Fan HUO Wen MAMTIMIN Ali YANG Xing-hua Institute of desert meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationUrumqi 830002China Taklimakan desert meteorology Field Experiment Station China Meteorological AdministrationUrumqi 830002China

The size distribution of airborne dust particles is an important parameter in the measurement of dust emissions due to wind erosion,and a quantitative and accurate description is *** regarding the size distribution of airborne dust particles are currently lacking in Tibetan Plateau(TP).This study aims to obtain a dust particle size distribution and compare the difference in spatial distribution at a field site(FS)and two urban observation sites(Minfeng and Hetian),in the north of the TP,under the condition of the dust-days and *** observation data was collected from 5 July to 4 August,*** mass concentration of dust(PM20)was measured with a 10-stage quartz crystal microbalance cascade *** results suggested that 91.9%of the particles were less than 1.4μm on clear-days,and particles of d≥1.4μm increased to 27.2%with the occurrence of the dust *** than 80%of the airborne dust particles were less than 1.4μm for each friction *** proportion of d0.7μm was the greatest at 0.5 m on *** urban observation,with the occurrence of dust events,the concentration of a particle size greater than 2.5μm increased most significantly in Minfeng,while the concentration of a particle size less than 0.7μm increased most significantly in ***,the proportion of particles with d1.4μm had the most obvious difference among these three sites.

关键词： Dust day Clear day Friction velocity Field Urban Coefficient variation

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Recent signal and impact of wet-to-dry climatic shift in Xinjiang, China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2021年第9期31卷 1283-1298页

作者： YAO Junqiang MAO Weiyi CHEN Jing DILINUER Tuoliewubieke Institute of desert meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationUrumqi 830002China

The Xinjiang region of China is among the most sensitive regions to global *** on the meteorological and hydrological observation data,the regional wet-to-dry climate regime shifts in Xinjiang were analyzed and the impacts of climatic shift on the eco-hydrological environment of Xinjiang were assessed in this *** results showed that temperature and precipitation in Xinjiang have increased since the mid-1980 s,showing a warming-wetting ***,drought frequency and severity significantly increased after *** climate of Xinjiang experienced an obvious shift from a warm-wet to a warm-dry regime in *** the beginning of the 21 st century,extreme temperatures and the number of high temperature days have significantly increased,the start date of high temperature has advanced,and the end date of high temperature has delayed in *** addition,the intensity and frequency of extreme precipitation have significantly ***,regional ecology and water resources have been impacted by climatic shift and extreme climate in *** response,satellite-based normalized difference vegetation index showed that,since the 1980 s,most regions of Xinjiang experienced a greening trend and vegetation browning after *** soil moisture in Xinjiang has significantly decreased since the late 1990 s,resulting in adverse ecological ***,the response of river runoff to climatic shift is complex and controlled by the proportion of snowmelt to the *** originating from the Tianshan Mountains showed a positive response to the regional wet-to-dry shift,whereas that originating from the Kunlun Mountains showed no obvious *** climatic shift and increased climate extremes in Xinjiang have led to intensification of drought and aggravation of instability of water circulation systems and *** study provides a scientific basis to meet the challenges of water resource utilization and ecological risk management

关键词： climatic shift wet-to-dry water resources drought Xinjiang

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