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Qubit Mapping Based on Tabu Search

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2024年第2期39卷 421-433页

作者：蒋慧邓玉欣徐鸣 Shanghai Key laboratory of Trustworthy computing East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China

The goal of qubit mapping is to map a logical circuit to a physical device by introducing additional gates as few as possible in an acceptable amount of time.We present an effective approach called Tabu Search Based Adjustment(TSA)algorithm to construct the mappings.It consists of two key steps:one is making use of a combined subgraph isomorphism and completion to initialize some candidate mappings,and the other is dynamically modifying the mappings by TSA.Our experiments show that,compared with state-of-the-art methods,TSA can generate mappings with a smaller number of additional gates and have better scalability for large-scale circuits.

关键词： quantum computing qubit mapping initial mapping tabu search logical circuit

Contact engineering for temperature stability improvement of Bi-contacted MoS2 field effect transistors

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 172-179页

作者： Zizheng LIU Qing ZHANG Xiaohe HUANG Chunsen LIU Peng ZHOU State Key laboratory of Integrated Chip and Systems School of MicroelectronicsZhangjiang Fudan International Innovation CenterFudan University Frontier Institute of Chip and System Shanghai Key Lab for Future Computing Hardware and SystemFudan University Shaoxin laboratory

Semimetallic bismuth（Bi） is one of the most effective strategies for reducing the contact resistance of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide field effect transistors（FETs）. However, the low melting point of Bi contact（271.5℃） limits its reliable applications. In this study, we demonstrated that the temperature stability of Bi-contacted electrodes could be improved by inserting a high-melting point semimetallic antimony（Sb） between the Bi contacting layer and the gold（Au） capping layer. The proposed Bi/Sb/Au contact electrodes tended to form a metal mixture with a continuous surface during the heating process（Voids appeared on the surface of the Bi/Au contact electrodes after heating at 120℃）. Because of the improved contacting layer formed by the semimetal Bi/Sb alloy, the fabricated Bi/Sb/Au-contacted molybdenum sulfide（MoS2） FETs with different gate lengths demonstrated higher on-state current stability after heating treatment than the Bi/Au contact. Because of the Bi/Sb/Au contact and poly（methyl methacrylate） package, the MoS2FETs demonstrated time stability of at least two months from the almost unchanged transfer characteristics. The electrical stability indicates that the insertion of semimetallic Sb is a promising technology for reliable Bi-based contact.

关键词： temperature stability semimetallic bismuth contact semimetallic antimony contact MoS$_{2}$ FETs time stability

Towards High-Performance Graph Processing: From a Hardware/Software Co-Design Perspective

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2024年第2期39卷 245-266页

作者：廖小飞赵文举金海姚鹏程黄禹王庆刚赵进郑龙张宇邵志远 National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Services computing Technology and System laboratory School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Cluster and Grid computing laboratory School of Computer Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Zhejiang lab Hangzhou 311121China

Graph processing has been widely used in many scenarios,from scientific computing to artificial intelligence.Graph processing exhibits irregular computational parallelism and random memory accesses,unlike traditional workloads.Therefore,running graph processing workloads on conventional architectures(e.g.,CPUs and GPUs)often shows a significantly low compute-memory ratio with few performance benefits,which can be,in many cases,even slower than a specialized single-thread graph algorithm.While domain-specific hardware designs are essential for graph processing,it is still challenging to transform the hardware capability to performance boost without coupled software codesigns.This article presents a graph processing ecosystem from hardware to software.We start by introducing a series of hardware accelerators as the foundation of this ecosystem.Subsequently,the codesigned parallel graph systems and their distributed techniques are presented to support graph applications.Finally,we introduce our efforts on novel graph applications and hardware architectures.Extensive results show that various graph applications can be efficiently accelerated in this graph processing ecosystem.

关键词： graph processing hardware accelerator software system high performance ecosystem

Stereoselective recognition of morphine enantiomers by μ-opioid receptor

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 183-191页

作者： Yibo Wang Van A.Ngo Xiaohui Wang laboratory of Chemical Biology Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Advanced computing for Life Sciences and Engineering Group Science Engagement Section National Center for Computational Sciences Oak Ridge National Lab School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Beijing National laboratory for Molecular Sciences

Stereospecific recognition of chiral molecules plays a crucial role in biological systems. The μ-opioid receptor（MOR） exhibits binding affinity towards（-）-morphine, a well-established gold standard in pain management, while it shows minimal binding affinity for the（+）-morphine enantiomer, resulting in a lack of analgesic activity. Understanding how MOR stereoselectively recognizes morphine enantiomers has remained a puzzle in neuroscience and pharmacology for over half-a-century due to the lack of direct observation techniques. To unravel this mystery, we constructed the binding and unbinding processes of morphine enantiomers with MOR via molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the thermodynamics and kinetics governing MOR's stereoselective recognition of morphine enantiomers. Our findings reveal that the binding of（-）-morphine stabilizes MOR in its activated state, exhibiting a deep energy well and a prolonged residence time. In contrast,（+）-morphine fails to sustain the activation state of MOR.Furthermore, the results suggest that specific residues, namely D1142.50and D1473.32, are deprotonated in the active state of MOR bound to（-）-morphine. This work highlights that the selectivity in molecular recognition goes beyond binding affinities, extending into the realm of residence time.

关键词： stereoselective recognition thermodynamics and kinetics residence time morphine enantiomers μ-opioid receptor

Smart Energy Management System Using Machine Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 959-973页

作者： Ali Sheraz Akram Sagheer Abbas Muhammad Adnan Khan Atifa Athar Taher M.Ghazal Hussam Al Hamadi School of Computer Science National College of Business Administration&EconomicsLahore54000Pakistan Riphah School of computing&Innovation Faculty of ComputingRiphah International UniversityLahore CampusLahore54000Pakistan Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning lab Department of SoftwareGachon UniversitySeongnamGyeonggido13120Korea Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadLahore CampusLahore54000Pakistan School of Information Technology Skyline University CollegeSharjah1797United Arab Emirates Network and Communication Technology lab Center for Cyber SecurityFaculty of Information Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangiSelangor43600Malaysia College of Engineering and IT University of DubaiDubaiUnited Arab Emirates

Energy management is an inspiring domain in developing of renewable energy sources.However,the growth of decentralized energy production is revealing an increased complexity for power grid managers,inferring more quality and reliability to regulate electricity flows and less imbalance between electricity production and demand.The major objective of an energy management system is to achieve optimum energy procurement and utilization throughout the organization,minimize energy costs without affecting production,and minimize environmental effects.Modern energy management is an essential and complex subject because of the excessive consumption in residential buildings,which necessitates energy optimization and increased user comfort.To address the issue of energy management,many researchers have developed various frameworks;while the objective of each framework was to sustain a balance between user comfort and energy consumption,this problem hasn’t been fully solved because of how difficult it is to solve it.An inclusive and Intelligent Energy Management System(IEMS)aims to provide overall energy efficiency regarding increased power generation,increase flexibility,increase renewable generation systems,improve energy consumption,reduce carbon dioxide emissions,improve stability,and reduce energy costs.Machine Learning(ML)is an emerging approach that may be beneficial to predict energy efficiency in a better way with the assistance of the Internet of Energy(IoE)network.The IoE network is playing a vital role in the energy sector for collecting effective data and usage,resulting in smart resource management.In this research work,an IEMS is proposed for Smart Cities(SC)using the ML technique to better resolve the energy management problem.The proposed system minimized the energy consumption with its intelligent nature and provided better outcomes than the previous approaches in terms of 92.11% accuracy,and 7.89% miss-rate.

关键词： Intelligent energy management system smart cities machine learning

Noise-tolerate and adaptive coefficient zeroing neural network for solving dynamic matrix square root

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第1期9卷 167-177页

作者： Xiuchun Xiao Chengze Jiang Qixiang Mei Yudong Zhang School of Electronics and Information Engineering Guangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiangChina School of Cyber Science and Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjingChina School of computing and Mathematical Sciences University of LeicesterLeicesterUK

The solving of dynamic matrix square root(DMSR)problems is frequently encountered in many scientific and engineering fields.Although the original zeroing neural network is powerful for solving the DMSR,it cannot vanish the influence of the noise perturbations,and its constant-coefficient design scheme cannot accelerate the convergence speed.Therefore,a noise-tolerate and adaptive coefficient zeroing neural network(NTACZNN)is raised to enhance the robust noise immunity performance and accelerate the conver-gence speed simultaneously.Then,the global convergence and robustness of the pro-posed NTACZNN are theoretically analysed under an ideal environment and noise-perturbed circumstances.Furthermore,some illustrative simulation examples are designed and performed in order to substantiate the efficacy and advantage of the NTACZNN for the DMSR problem solution.Compared with some existing ZNNs,the proposed NTACZNN possesses advanced performance in terms of noise tolerance,solution accuracy,and convergence rate.

关键词： adaptive intelligent systems neural network real-time systems

Visual Semantic Segmentation Based on Few/Zero-Shot Learning:An Overview

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第5期11卷 1106-1126页

作者： Wenqi Ren Yang Tang Qiyu Sun Chaoqiang Zhao Qing-Long Han Key laboratory of Smart Manufacturing in Energy Chemical Process Ministry of EducationEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China National Key laboratory of Air-Based Information Perception and Fusion Aviation Industry Corporation of ChinaLuoyang 471000China School of Science Computing and Engineering TechnologiesSwinburne University of TechnologyMelbourne VIC 3122Australia

Visual semantic segmentation aims at separating a visual sample into diverse blocks with specific semantic attributes and identifying the category for each block,and it plays a crucial role in environmental perception.Conventional learning-based visual semantic segmentation approaches count heavily on largescale training data with dense annotations and consistently fail to estimate accurate semantic labels for unseen categories.This obstruction spurs a craze for studying visual semantic segmentation with the assistance of few/zero-shot learning.The emergence and rapid progress of few/zero-shot visual semantic segmentation make it possible to learn unseen categories from a few labeled or even zero-labeled samples,which advances the extension to practical applications.Therefore,this paper focuses on the recently published few/zero-shot visual semantic segmentation methods varying from 2D to 3D space and explores the commonalities and discrepancies of technical settlements under different segmentation circumstances.Specifically,the preliminaries on few/zeroshot visual semantic segmentation,including the problem definitions,typical datasets,and technical remedies,are briefly reviewed and discussed.Moreover,three typical instantiations are involved to uncover the interactions of few/zero-shot learning with visual semantic segmentation,including image semantic segmentation,video object segmentation,and 3D segmentation.Finally,the future challenges of few/zero-shot visual semantic segmentation are discussed.

关键词： Visual segmentation separating

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UCat: heterogeneous memory management for unikernels

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2023年第1期17卷 51-61页

作者： Chong TIAN Haikun LIU Xiaofei LIAO Hai JIN National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab/Cluster and Grid Computing LabSchool of Computing Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Unikernels provide an efficient and lightweight way to deploy cloud computing services in application-specialized and single-address-space virtual machines (VMs). They can efficiently deploy hundreds of unikernel-based VMs in a single physical server. In such a cloud computing platform, main memory is the primary bottleneck resource for high-density application deployment. Recently, non-volatile memory (NVM) technologies has become increasingly popular in cloud data centers because they can offer extremely large memory capacity at a low expense. However, there still remain many challenges to utilize NVMs for unikernel-based VMs, such as the difficulty of heterogeneous memory allocation and high performance overhead of address translations.In this paper, we present UCat, a heterogeneous memory management mechanism that support multi-grained memory allocation for unikernels. We propose front-end/back-end cooperative address space mapping to expose the host memory heterogeneity to unikernels. UCat exploits large pages to reduce the cost of two-layer address translation in virtualization environments, and leverages slab allocation to reduce memory waste due to internal memory fragmentation. We implement UCat based on a popular unikernel--OSv and conduct extensive experiments to evaluate its efficiency. Experimental results show that UCat can reduce the memory consumption of unikernels by 50% and TLB miss rate by 41%, and improve the throughput of real-world benchmarks such as memslap and YCSB by up to 18.5% and 14.8%, respectively.

关键词： unikernel virtualization non-volatile memory heterogeneous memory large page slab allocation

Coordination of networking and computing: toward new information infrastructure and new services mode

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2024年第5期25卷 629-632页

作者： Xiaoyun WANG Tao SUN Yong CUI Rajkumar BUYYA Deke GUO Qun HUANG Hassnaa MOUSTAFA Chen TIAN Shangguang WANG China Mobile Communications Corporation Beijing 100032China China Mobile Research Institute Beijing 100053China Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China CLOUDS lab School of Computing and Information SystemsUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVIC 3010Australia National Key laboratory of Information Systems Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China School of Computer Science Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Intel Corporation Santa ClaraCA 95054USA State Key laboratory for Novel Sofiware Technology Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Bejing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China

computing,serving as the cornerstone of information processing,plays a pivotal role in the digital service era.The"network"and"computing,"responsible for information transmission and processing respectively,traditionally belong to different stakeholders and have evolved separately.However,the recent trend toward the coordination and integration of computing and networks has garnered significant attention from both industry and academia.Concepts such as"computility network"and"computing force network"have emerged,and the International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication Standardization(ITU-T)has initiated efforts to develop standards for the coordination of networking and computing(CNC),focusing on the architecture and framework.

关键词： computing services network

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