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Cortical hem signaling center: functions, development, and potential implications for evolution and brain disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1079-1080页

作者： Victor V.Chizhikov Igor Y.Iskusnykh Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA

Development of the telencephalon relies upon several signaling centers-localized cellular populations that supply secreted factors to pattern the cortical *** such signaling center is the cortical hem,which arises during embryonic development at the telencephalic dorsal midline,adjacent to the choroid plexus and hippocampal primordium(Figure 1A).While the cortical hem has also been described in reptiles and birds,most of our knowledge about the developmental roles of the cortical hem is derived from the analysis in *** cortical hem produces several types of secreted molecules,including wingless-related integration site(Wnt)and bone morphogenetic(Bmp)*** cortical hem is particularly important for the development of the hippocampus,which is involved in learning and memory,and the neocortex,which is the most complex brain region that mediates multiple types of behavior and higher cognitive functions(Mangale et al.,2008;Dal-Valle-Anton and Borrell,2022).

关键词： epithelium Figure center

Semi-solid moulding:Competition to cast and machine from forging in making automotive complex components

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2010年第S3期20卷 1042-1047页

作者： S.P.MIDSON Aluminium complex Components Inc 2211 South Jason StreetDenverColorado 80223USA

The very latest technique for impeller manufacture is called semi-solid moulding(SSM).Cummins Turbo Technologies Limited,together with Aluminum complex Components Inc,developed SSM compressor wheels as a way of achieving cost and durability performance somewhere between that of cast and machined from solid(MFS) aluminium alloy *** results show SSM material has a superior microstructure and mechanical properties over cast and comparable to MFS *** testing including durability testing,using accelerated speed cycle tests,proves SSM compressor wheels emerge as being significantly more durable than cast equivalents and approaching that of MFS *** challenges for semi-solid processing in manufacture of other complex components and other materials in automotive industry in terms of both cost and durability are also discussed.

关键词： aluminum alloys semi-solid moulding durability automotive complex component turbocharger compressor wheel

Emerging insights into the function of very long chain fatty acids at cerebellar synapses

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1709-1710页

作者： Martin-Paul Agbaga Mohiuddin Ahmad Department of Cell Biology and Ophthalmology University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Centerand Dean McGee Eye InstituteOklahoma CityOKUSA

Very long chain-saturated and-polyunsaturated fatty acids(VLC-SFA and VLC-PUFA, respectively) are a functionally important class of fatty acids containing 28 carbons or more in their acyl chain. They are synthesized by the elongation of very long fatty acids-4(ELOVL4) enzyme, expressed mainly in the brain, retina, skin, testes, and meibomian gland, where these fatty acids are found(Agbaga et al., 2008). Further, these organs exhibit tissuespecific VLC-PUFA and VLC-SFA biosynthesis and incorporation into complex lipids for specific functions. In the brain, skin, and Meibomian glands, the ELOVL4 mainly makes VLC-SFA, which are incorporated into complex sphingolipids. In the retina, the ELOVL4 makes VLC-PUFA that are incorporated into phosphatidylcholine, that are critical for visual function, while in testes and sperm, the VLC-PUFA are incorporated into sphingolipids that are critical for fertility(Yeboah et al., 2021).

关键词： functions function insight

Analysis of residual crosslinking agent content in UV cross-linked poly(ethylene oxide) hydrogels for dermatological application by gas chromatography

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2016年第5期6卷 307-312页

作者： Rachel Shet Hui Wong Mark Ashton Kalliopi Dodou Department of Pharmacy Health and Wellbeing Faculty of Applied Sciences University of Sunderland Science Complex

Acrylates have been widely used in the synthesis of pharmaceutical polymers. The quantitation of residual acrylate monomers is vital as they are strong irritants and allergens, but after polymerization, are relatively inert, causing no irritation and allergies. Poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO) hydrogels were prepared using pentaerythritol tetra-acrylate(PETRA) as UV crosslinking agent. A simple, accurate, and robust quantitation method was developed based on gas chromatographic techniques(GC), which is suitable for routine analysis of residual PETRA monomers in these hydrogels. Unreacted PETRA was initially identified using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry(GC–MS). The quantitation of analyte was performed and validated using gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionization detector(GC–FID). A linear relationship was obtained over the range of 0.0002%–0.0450%(m/m) with a correlation coefficient(r2)greater than 0.99. The recovery( 4 90%), intra-day precision(%RSD o 0.67), inter-day precision(%RSD o2.5%), and robustness(%RSD o1.62%) of the method were within the acceptable values. The limit of detection(LOD) and limit of quantitation(LOQ) were 0.0001%(m/m) and 0.0002%(m/m), *** assay provides a simple and quick way of screening for residual acrylate monomer in hydrogels.

关键词： Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) Residual monomer HydrogelGas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) Gas chromatography–flame ionization detection (GC–FID)

Disturbance rejection and H_∞ pinning control of linear complex dynamical networks

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Chinese Physics B 2009年第12期18卷 5228-5234页

作者：李忠奎段志生陈关荣 State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and complex Systems Department of Mechanics and Aerospace EngineeringCollege of EngineeringPeking University

This paper concerns the disturbance rejection problem of a linear complex dynamical network subject to external disturbances. A dynamical network is said to be robust to disturbance, if the H∞ norm of its transfer function matrix from the disturbance to the performance variable is satisfactorily small. It is shown that the disturbance rejection problem of a dynamical network can be solved by analysing the H∞ control problem of a set of independent systems whose dimensions are equal to that of a single node. A counter-intuitive result is that the disturbance rejection level of the whole network with a diffusive coupling will never be better than that of an isolated node. To improve this, local feedback injections are applied to a small fraction of the nodes in the network. Some criteria for possible performance improvement are derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities. It is further demonstrated via a simulation example that one can indeed improve the disturbance rejection level of the network by pinning the nodes with higher degrees than pinning those with lower degrees.

关键词： complex dynamical network pinning control H∞ control robustness

Theoretical research progress in complexity of complex dynamical networks

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第7期17卷 761-774页

作者： Fang Jinqing(Joint complex Network Research Group,China Institute of Atomic Energy,Beijing 102413,China) Joint complex Network Research Group China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 China

This article reviews the main progress in dynamical complexity of theoretical models for nonlinear complex networks proposed by our Joint complex Network Research Group(JCNRG).The topological and dynamical properties of these theoretical models are numerically and analytically *** findings are useful for understanding and deeply studying complex networks from macro- scopic to microscopic levels and have a potential of applications in real-world networks.

关键词： Harmonions unifying hybrid preferential model a large unifying hybrid network model quantum interference network nonowire networks generalized local-world model non-local links model evolving model of weighted networks small-world network with the unchanged degree

Fibrinogen’s potential role in connecting cerebrovascular abnormalities with glymphatic dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 203-204页

作者： Vishal Singh Arnab Choudhury Hyung Jin Ahn Department of Pharmacology Physiology and NeurosciencesRutgers-New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJUSA Brain health Institute Rutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJUSA

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)stands out as the primary manifestation of age-related dementia,portraying a chronic neurodegenerative disorder distinguished by the accumulation of fibrillar amyloid-β(Aβ)plaques and neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated ***,from a clinical standpoint,AD presents itself as a complex condition with a spectrum of dysfunctions rather than a singular pathological *** often-overlooked aspect of the disease is the presence of extensive cerebrovascular abnormalities,given that the majority of AD patients experience altered cerebral blood flow,damaged vasculature,increased microinfarcts and *** models of AD further support this observation,showing cerebrovascular dysfunction such as impaired cerebral blood flow and altered cerebrovascular reactivity(Tataryn et al.,2021;Gareau et al.,2023).

关键词： cerebrovascular dysfunction Alzheimer

Pseudo-anti commuting Ricci tensor for real hypersurfaces in the complex hyperbolic quadric

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Science China Mathematics 2019年第4期62卷 679-698页

作者： Young Jin Suh Department of Mathematics & Research Institute of Real and complex Manifolds College of Natural SciencesKyungpook National University

We introduce a new notion of pseudo-anti commuting Ricci tensor for real hypersurfaces in the noncompact complex hyperbolic quadric Q^(m?)= SO_2~0,_m/SO_2SO_m and give a complete classi?cation of these hypersurfaces.

关键词： pseudo-anti commuting Ricci tensor pseudo-Einstein A-isotropic A-principal complex conjugation complex hyperbolic quadric

Forecasting complex group behavior via multiple plan recognition

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2012年第1期6卷 102-110页

作者： Xiaochen LI Wenji MAO Daniel ZENG State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for complex Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Group behavior forecasting is an emergent re- search and application field in social computing. Most of the existing group behavior forecasting methods have heavily re- lied on structured data which is usually hard to obtain. To ease the heavy reliance on structured data, in this paper, we pro- pose a computational approach based on the recognition of multiple plans/intentions underlying group behavior. We fur- ther conduct human experiment to empirically evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed approach.

关键词： group behavior forecasting multiple planrecognition graph search