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The effect of mixed vaccination rollout strategy:A modelling study

Infectious Disease Modelling 2023年第2期8卷 318-340页

作者： Nico Stollenwerk Carlo Delfin S.Estadilla Javier Mar Joseba Bidaurrazaga Van-Dierdonck Oliver Ibarrondo Ruben Blasco-Aguado Maíra Aguiar BCAM-basque Center for Applied Mathematics BilbaoBasque CountrySpain Dipartimento di Matematica Universita degli Studi di TrentoPovoTrentoItaly Osakidetza basque Health Service GuipúzcoaBasque CountrySpain Biodonostia Health Research Institute GuipúzcoaBasque CountrySpain Public Health Basque Health DepartmentBilbaoBasque CountrySpain Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for ScienceBilbaoBasque CountrySpain Preventive Medicine and Public Health Department University of the Basque CountryLeioaBasque CountrySpain

Vaccines have measurable efficacy obtained first from vaccine trials.However,vaccine efficacy(VE)is not a static measure and long-term population studies are needed to evaluate its performance and impact.COVID-19 vaccines have been developed in record time and the currently licensed vaccines are extremely effective against severe disease with higher VE after the full immunization schedule.To assess the impact of the initial phase of the COVID-19 vaccination rollout programmes,we used an extended Susceptible-Hospitalized-Asymptomatic/mild-Recovered(SHAR)model.Vaccination models were proposed to evaluate different vaccine types:vaccine type 1 which protects against severe disease only but fails to block disease transmission,and vaccine type 2 which protects against both severe disease and infection.VE was assumed as reported by the vaccine trials incorporating the difference in efficacy between one and two doses of vaccine administration.We described the performance of the vaccine in reducing hospitalizations during a momentary scenario in the basque country,Spain.With a population in a mixed vaccination setting,our results have shown that reductions in hospitalized COVID-19 cases were observed five months after the vaccination rollout started,from May to June 2021.Specifically in June,a good agreement between modelling simulation and empirical data was well pronounced.

关键词： COVID-19 Vaccine efficacy Bayesian approach Herd immunity

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Implications of denitrification in the ecological status of an urban river using enzymatic activities in sediments as an indicator

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第1期31卷 255-268页

作者： Jessica Unda-Calvo Miren Martínez-Santos Estilita Ruiz-Romera Juan Luis Lechuga-Crespo Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of the Basque Country

A better understanding of the effects of a number of environmental factors on denitrification is vital for analyzing its role as nitrogen sink and providing deeper knowledge about the ecological status of a nitrate-rich ecosystem. Since few studies have addressed the occurrence and implications of denitrification in river sediments, and complexity of interactions among all these environmental factors makes comprehension of the process difficult, the potential of sediments from the Deba River to attenuate nitrate excess through denitrification was investigated. For this purpose, we adapted an in vitro method to measure activities of two enzymes contributing to the entire multiple-step nitrate reduction: Nitrate Reductase and Nitrite Reductase. The environmental features that influence both or single enzymatic activities were identified as oxygen availability,regulated directly by the moisture content or indirectly through the aerobic respiration,organic matter and nitrate content of sediments, and electrical conductivity and exchangeable sodium percentage of water. Additionally, our results showed that Nitrate Reductase catalyzes the principal limiting step of denitrification in sediments. Therefore,taking this enzymatic activity as an indicator, the southern part of the Deba River catchment presented low potential to denitrify but nitrate-limited sediments, whereas the middle and northern parts were characterized by high denitrification potential but nitraterich sediments. In general, this study on denitrifying enzymatic activities in sediments evaluates the suitability of the management of the effluents from wastewater treatment plants and municipal sewages to ensure a good ecological status of the Deba River.

关键词： Urban catchment Sediments Denitrification Enzymatic activity Ecological status

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A wood-wood joining system suitable for digital fabrication and its application in the design of a“wood-only”spatial modulea

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2023年第3期12卷 523-540页

作者： Antonio Jesús de-los-Aires-Solís Francisco Gonzalez-Quintial Doctoral School.University of the Basque Country UPV/EHULeioa 48940Spain Department of Architecture.University of the Basque Country UPV/EHULeioa 48940Spain

This paper describes a wood-wood spatial joining system adapted to digital fabrication which has been designated the“Spatial Masterkey”.The wood stereotomy of the joints between the different pieces that make up this joining system is inspired by a three-dimensional puzzle called“snowflake”.The production process used in the masterkey system can be carried out using only a 3-axis CNC milling machine—a relatively affordable and easily accessible tool.By using digital manufacturing for the execution of wood-wood joints,several benefits are obtained including faster machining and greater cutting precision and uniformity in the products produced.These advantages make this joining system both economically competitive and environmentally friendly.Additionally,the versatility of this joining system means that its configuration can be adapted to a wide range of casuistry of encounters between members,which means that it can be used for a number of spatial assemblies.This includes,but is not limited to,the spatial module presented in this document.

关键词： Wood-wood joinery Digital fabrication 3-Axis CNC Spatial module Sustainability Burr puzzle

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Progress and Challenges Toward Effective Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells

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纳微快报:英文版 2023年第11期15卷 281-304页

作者： Xiongjie Li Haixuan Yu Zhirong Liu Junyi Huang Xiaoting Ma Yuping Liu Qiang Sun Letian Dai Shahzada Ahmad Yan Shen Mingkui Wang Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and Technology1037 Luoyu RoadWuhan 430074HubeiPeople’s Republic of China BCMaterials Basque Center for MaterialsApplications and NanostructuresUniversity of Basque Country Science Park48940 LeioaSpain Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for Science48009 BilbaoSpain

The demand for building-integrated photovoltaics and portable energy systems based on flexible photovoltaic technology such as perovskite embedded with exceptional flexibility and a superior power-to-mass ratio is enormous.The photoactive layer,i.e.,the perovskite thin film,as a critical component of flexible perovskite solar cells(F-PSCs),still faces long-term stability issues when deformation occurs due to encountering temperature changes that also affect intrinsic rigidity.This literature investigation summarizes the main factors responsible for the rapid destruction of F-PSCs.We focus on long-term mechanical stability of F-PSCs together with the recent research protocols for improving this performance.Furthermore,we specify the progress in F-PSCs concerning precise design strategies of the functional layer to enhance the flexural endurance of perovskite films,such as internal stress engineering,grain boundary modification,self-healing strategy,and crystallization regulation.The existing challenges of oxygen-moisture stability and advanced encapsulation technologies of F-PSCs are also discussed.As concluding remarks,we propose our viewpoints on the large-scale commercial application of F-PSCs.

关键词： Flexible photovoltaics Perovskite Internal stress Flexural endurance Self-healing Long-term stability

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Al_2O_3基Ni-Cu双金属催化剂上乙酰丙酸氢解(英)

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催化学报 2014年第5期35卷 656-662页

作者： Iker Obregón Eriz Corro Urko Izquierdo Jesus Requies Pedro L.Arias Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering School of EngineeringUniversity of the Basque Country

Inexpensive γ-alumina-based nickel-copper bimetallic catalysts were studied for the hydrogenolysis of levulinic acid,a key platform molecule for biomass conversion to biofuels and other valued chemicals,into γ-valerolactone as a first step towards the production of 2-methyltetrahydrofurane.The activities of both monometallic and bimetallic catalysts were tested.Their textural and chemical characteristics were determined by nitrogen physisorption,elemental analysis,temperature-programmed ammonia desorption,and temperature-programmed reduction.The monometallic nickel catalyst showed high activity but the highest bγ-product production and significant amounts of carbon deposited on the catalyst surface.The copper monometallic catalyst showed the lowest activity but the lowest carbon deposition.The incorporation of the two metals generated a bimetallic catalyst that displayed a similar activity to that of the Ni monometallic catalyst and significantly low bγ-product and carbon contents,indicating the occurrence of important synergetic effects.The influence of the preparation method was also examined by studying impregnated- and sol-gel-derived bimetallic catalysts.A strong dependency on the preparation procedure and calcination temperature was observed.The highest activity per metal atom was achieved using the sol-gel-derived catalyst that was calcined at 450 ℃.High reaction rates were achieved;the total levulinic acid conversion was obtained in less than 2 h of reaction time,yielding up to 96%γ-valerolactone,at operating temperature and pressure of 250 ℃ and 6.5 MPa hydrogen,respectively.

关键词：双金属催化剂镍催化剂乙酰丙酸 Al2O3 氢解生物质转化铜程序升温还原

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Clearing the corpses： regulatory mechanisms, novel tools, and therapeutic potential of harnessing microglial phagocytosis in the diseased brain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第10期11卷 1533-1539页

作者： Irune Diaz-Aparicio Sol Beccari Oihane Abiega Amanda Sierra Achucarro basque Center for Neuroscience Bizkaia Science and Technology Park Zamudio Spain University of the Basque Country Leioa Spain Ikerbasque Foundation Bilbao Spain

Apoptosis is a widespread phenomenon that occurs in the brain in both physiological and pathological conditions. Dead ceils must be quickly removed to avoid the further toxic effects they exert in the pa- renchyma, a process executed by microglia, the brain professional phagocytes. Although phagocytosis is critical to maintain tissue homeostasis, it has long been either overlooked or indirectly assessed based on microglial morphology, expression of classical activation markers, or engulfment of artificial phagocytic targets in vitro. Nevertheless, these indirect methods present several limitations and, thus, direct obser- vation and quantification of microglial phagocytosis is still necessary to fully grasp its relevance in the diseased brain. To overcome these caveats and obtain a comprehensive, quantitative picture of microglial phagocytosis we have developed a novel set of parameters. These parameters have allowed us to identify the different strategies utilized by microglia to cope with apoptotic challenges induced by excitotoxicity or inflammation. In contrast, we discovered that in mouse and human epilepsy microglia failed to find and engulf apoptotic ceils, resulting in accumulation of debris and inflammation. Herein, we advocate that the efficiency of microglial phagocytosis should be routinely tested in neurodegenerative and neuro- logical disorders, in order to determine the extent to which it contributes to apoptosis and inflammation found in these conditions. Finally, our findings point towards enhancing microglial phagocytosis as a novel therapeutic strategy to control tissue damage and inflammation, and accelerate recovery in brain diseases.

关键词： microglia phagocytosis apoptosis impairment epilepsy brain diseases neurodegeneration inflammation neuroinflammation

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m6A levels and expression of its modification genes show significant differences in breast cancer molecular subtypes

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第5期10卷 1751-1754页

作者： Tamara Kleinbielen Felix Olasagasti Elena Beristain Amparo Viguri-Díaz Isabel Guerra-Merino Africa García-Orad Marian Mde Pancorbo BIOMICs Research Group Lascaray Research CenterUniversity of the Basque Country UPV/EHUVitoria-GasteizAraba 01006Spain Bioaraba Health Research Institute Vitoria-GasteizAraba 01009Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of the Basque CountryUPV/EHUVitoria-GasteizAraba 01006Spain Molecular Genetics Laboratory Araba University HospitalOsakidetza Basque Health ServiceVitoria-GasteizAraba 01009Spain Pathology Department Araba University HospitalVitoria-GasteizAraba 01009Spain Department of Genetics Physical Anthropology and Animal PhysiologyUniversity of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)LeioaBizkaia 48940Spain BioCruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute BarakaldoBizkaia 48903Spain Department of Zoology and Animal Biology.University of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU) LeioaBizkaia 48940Spain

N6-methyladenosine(m6A)is the most abundant modification in eukaryotic messenger RNA.1 This modification is dynamic,reversible,and mediated by proteins characterized as methyltransferases and demethylases.Recent investigations have found that aberrant expression of methyltransferases and demethylases results in m6A dysregulation and,in consequence,affects the biological functions in which this modification is involved.Indeed,m6A dysregulation affects the development and maintenance of various diseases,including cancer.2 For this reason,we explored the potential role that m6A modification has in invasive breast cancer of no special type(IBC-NST)and its molecular subtypes luminal A,luminal B HER2-,luminal B HER2+,HER2+,and triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)whose degree of global m6A methylation has not yet been studied.

关键词： breast cancer HER2

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Efficacy of cognitive rehabilitation in Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第2期13卷 226-227页

作者： María Díez-Cirarda Naroa Ibarretxe-Bilbao Javier Pena Natalia Ojeda Department of methods and experimental psychology faculty of psychology and educationuniversity of deustoBasque CountrySpain

Cognitive rehabilitation is a potential and promising treatment for cognitive impairment in Parkinson＇s disease （PD） that has shown efficacy in diverse studies. In addition, some few studies have found brain changes after cognitive rehabilitation in PD, which supports the existence of brain plasticity associated to cognitive training in a degen- erative disease.

关键词： PD Efficacy of cognitive rehabilitation in Parkinson’s disease

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Multi-objective Optimization of Production Scheduling Using Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Hybrid Renewable Power Plants with Battery Energy Storage System

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2021年第2期9卷 285-294页

作者： Jon Martinez-Rico Ekaitz Zulueta Ismael Ruiz de Argandona Unai Femandez-Gamiz Mikel Armendia The Automation and Control Unit Fundacion TeknikerBasque Research and Technology Alliance(BRTA)Ifiaki Goenaga520600 the University of the Basque Country Ing.Torres Quevedo148013 BilbaoSpain the Department of Systems Engineering and Control College of Engineering at Vitoria-GasteizUniversity of the Basque CountryNieves Cano1201006 Vitoria-GasteizSpain the Department of Nuclear and Fluid Mechanics College of Engineering at Vitoria-GasteizUniversity of the Basque CountryNieves Cano1201006 Vitoria-GasteizSpain

Considering the increasing integration of renewable energies into the power grid,batteries are expected to play a key role in the challenge of compensating the stochastic and intermittent nature of these energy sources.Besides,the deployment of batteries can increase the benefits of a renewable power plant.One way to increase the profits with batteries studied in this paper is performing energy arbitrage.This strategy is based on storing energy at low electricity price moments and selling it when electricity price is high.In this paper,a hybrid renewable energy system consisting of wind and solar power with batteries is studied,and an optimization process is conducted in order to maximize the benefits regarding the dayahead production scheduling of the plant.A multi-objective cost function is proposed,which,on the one hand,maximizes the obtained profit,and,on the other hand,reduces the loss of value of the battery.A particle swarm optimization algorithm is developed and fitted in order to solve this non-linear multi-objective function.With the aim of analyzing the importance of considering both the energy efficiency of the battery and its loss of value,two more simplified cost functions are proposed.Results show the importance of including the energy efficiency in the cost function to optimize.Besides,it is proven that the battery lifetime increases substantially by using the multi-objective cost function,whereas the profitability is similar to the one obtained in case the loss of value is not considered.Finally,due to the small difference in price among hours in the analyzed Iberian electricity market,it is observed that low profits can be provided to the plant by using batteries just for arbitrage purposes in the day-ahead market.

关键词： Battery energy storage system energy arbitrage hybrid renewable energy system particle swarm optimization

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Guaranteeing the Positive Realness of Linear Systems with Point Delays

Guaranteeing the Positive Realness of Linear Systems with Po...

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第37届中国控制会议

作者： Manuel De la Sen IIDP University of the Basque Country

Positive realness of transfer functions is relevant to guarantee the global closed-loop asymptotic stability of such feed-forward systems under wide classes of nonlinear eventually time-varying controllers satisfying a certain Popov′s type inequality.The closed-loop stability is achievable for any output feedback controller belonging to one such a class.The positive realness of linear dynamic systems,subject to point constant delays,is investigated.

关键词： dynamic systems positive realness internal delays external delays

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