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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第7期28卷 1847-1859页

作者： Beverly S.Chittoo Clint Sutherland Project Management and Civil Infrastructure Systems The University of Trinidad and TobagoSan Fernando CampusTarouba Link Road San FernandoWITrinidad and Tobago

Increases in the treatment of water to meet the growing water demand ultimately result in unmanageable quantities of residuals,the handling,and disposal of which is a major environmental ***,research into beneficial reuse of water treatment residuals continues *** study investigated the applicability of lime-iron sludge for phosphate adsorption by fixed-bed column ***-scale experiments were conducted at varying flow rates and bed *** and empirical models(Thomas,Yan,Bohart-Adams,Yoon-Nelson,and Wolboroska)as well as artificial intelligence techniques(Artificial neural network(ANN)and Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system(ANFIS))were used to simulate experimental breakthrough curves and predict column *** in flow rate resulted in reduced adsorption ***,adsorption capacity was not affected by bed *** was superior in predicting breakthrough curves and predicted breakthrough times with high accuracy(R^2>0.9962).Na OH(0.5 mol·L^-1)was successfully used to regenerate the adsorption *** nine cyclic adsorption/desorption runs,only a marginal decrease in adsorption and desorption efficiencies of 10%and 8%respectively was *** same regenerate Na OH solution was reused for all desorption *** nine cycles the eluent desorbed a total of 1550 mg phosphate exhibiting potential for further reuse.

关键词： Adsorption Phosphate Sludge Adaptive Neuro-fuzzy Inference System Neural Network

Yeast-generated CO2:A convenient source of carbon dioxide for mosquito trapping using the BG-Sentinel?traps

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第10期7卷 896-900页

作者： dhanique c.t.jerry terry mohammed azad mohammed university of the West Indies St AugustineTrinidad and Tobago

Objectives: To evaluates carbon dioxide(CO_2) production from yeast/sugar mixtures and its efficiency as an attractant in BG-Sentinel ***: The rate of CO_2 production was optimized for different yeast/sugar *** optimized mixture was then used as bait in BG-Sentinel traps. The efficiency of this bait was then compared to octenol baited ***: The yeast/sugar(5g: 280g) in 300 m L water generated the highest volume of CO_2. The CO_2 baited traps caught significantly more mosquitoes than octenol baited ***: Yeast-produced CO_2 can effectively replace octenol baits in BG *** will significantly reduce costs and allow sustainable mass-application of the CO_2 baited traps in large scale surveillance programs.

关键词： trinidad and tobago Carbon dioxide bait BG sentinel trap Attractant

Prediction of immiscible gas flooding performance:a modified capacitance-resistance model and sensitivity analysis

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Petroleum Science 2019年第5期16卷 1086-1104页

作者： Seyed Hamidreza Yousefi Fariborz Rashidi Mohammad Sharifi Mohammad Soroush Department of Petroleum Engineering Amirkabir University of TechnologyTehranIran Department of Chemical Engineering Amirkabir University of TechnologyTehranIran Petroleum Engineering Department University of Trinidad and TobagoCouvaTrinidad and Tobago

Reservoir performance prediction is one of the main steps during a field development *** to the complexity and time-consuming aspects of numerical simulators,it is helpful to develop analytical tools for a rapid primary *** capacitance-resistance model(CRM)is a simple technique for reservoir management and *** method is an advanced time-dependent material balance equation which is combined with a productivity *** uses production/injection data and bottom-hole pressure as inputs to build a reliable model,which is then combined with the oil-cut model and converted to a predictive *** has been studied thoroughly for water flooding *** this study,a modified model for gas flooding systems based on gas density and average reservoir pressure is developed.A detailed procedure is described in a synthetic reservoir model using a genetic ***,a streamline simulation is implemented for validation of the *** results show that the proposed model is able to calculate interwell connectivity parameters and oil production ***,a sensitivity analysis is carried out to investigate effects of drawdown pressure and gas PVT properties on the new ***,acceptable ranges of input data and limitations of the model are comprehensively discussed.

关键词： Reservoir management Capacitance-resistance model Gas flooding Analytical model Sensitivity analysis Streamline simulation

Self-monitoring of blood glucose improved glycaemic control and 10-year coronary heart disease risk profile of type 2 diabetic patients

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Chinese Medical Journal 2011年第2期124卷 166-171页

作者： Ezenwaka Chidum Dimgba Agbai Okali Fidelis Skinner Teppany Rodriguez Martina Extavour Rian Davis Verdine Spencer Alida Mayers Hasina JonesLeCointe Altheia Unit of Pathology & Microbiology The University of the West Indies St Augustine Trinidad and Tobago Tobago Regional Health Authority Trinidad and Tobago Faculty of Medical Sciences The University of the West Indies St Augustine Trinidad and Tobago Tobago Regional Health Authority Trinidad and Tobago School of Pharmacy The University of the West Indies St Augustine Trinidad and Tobago Tobago Regional Health Authority Trinidad and Tobago

Background The debate over the overall benefits of self-monitoring of blood glucose in type 2 diabetes patients is still *** aimed to assess the difference in glycaemic control and coronary heart disease （CHD） risk levels of experimental type 2 diabetes patients provided with facilities for self-monitoring blood glucose and their counterparts without such *** Sixty-one patients who had no prior experience in using glucometers were studied as intervention （n=30） and control （n=31） *** intervention group was trained in self-monitoring of blood glucose and *** blood glucose and fasting blood glucose were measured and the intervention patients were provided with glucometers and advised to self-monitor their fasting and postprandial blood glucose over six *** 10-year CHD risk levels were determined with the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study-derived risk engine *** The age and diabetes duration were similar in the two groups （P 〉0.05）.The majority of the patients were unemployed or retired females with only a primary level *** 3 months,the haemogolbin A1c （HbA1c） levels of the control patients remained unchanged （（7.8±0.3）% vs.（7.9±0.4）%,P 〉0.05） whereas the HbA1c levels of the intervention patients were significantly reduced from the baseline at three （（9.6±0.3）% vs.（7.8±0.3）%,P 〈0.001） and six （（9.2±0.4）% vs.（7.5±0.3）%,P 〈0.001） ***,while the 10-year CHD risk level of the control group remained unchanged after three months,that of the intervention group was remarkably reduced at three and six months from the baseline level （（7.4±1.3）% vs.（4.5±0.9）%,P=0.056）.Conclusion Self-monitoring of blood glucose in type 2 diabetes patients significantly improved glycaemic control and the CHD risk profile,suggesting that type 2 diabetes patients will potentially benefit from inclusion of glucose meters and testing strips in their health-care package.

关键词： cardiovascular disease glycaemic control type 2 diabetes self-monitoring

Pre-service Teachers’ Beliefs of Competence With Teaching Socially Sensitive Issues

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Psychology Research 2019年第2期9卷 66-80页

作者： Patricia G. Sealy The university of trinidad and tobago Arima Trinidad and Tobago

This paper is part of a larger cross-sectional, phenomenological study that examined pre-service teachers’ belief of the competencies they possess to teach socially sensitive issues at secondary level in trinidad and tobago. Purposive sampling resulted in 39 pre-service social studies teachers (Years 2 to 4) who were exposed to a methodology course in a social studies specialisation programme and nine social studies lecturers, at the university of trinidad and tobago. The study is located in the mixed methods paradigm, with a quan/QUAL design. This paper represents discussions and findings from two questionnaires and four focus groups analysed through the IBM SPSS Statistics 22 software for the quantitative analysis and content and micro-interlocutor analyses for the qualitative analysis. The findings show that pre-service teachers believe they have the competencies to teach socially sensitive issues;yet they had not obtained these from the designated methodology course. Further that both contextual and personal factors affect the teaching of socially sensitive issues. Six themes, with accompanying competencies emerge from the data and frame affective teaching of socially sensitive issues. Arising out of the findings, the author developed a competency-based framework that has implications for curriculum development and transformational pedagogy.

关键词： pre-service teachers' competencies socially sensitive issues affective domain competency-based curriculum transformational teaching

COVID-19 and its effects upon orthopaedic surgery: The trinidad and tobago experience

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2021年第3期12卷 94-101页

作者： Marlon Meredith Mencia Raakesh Goalan Department of Clinical Surgical Sciences University of the West IndiesSt.Joseph 0000Trinidad and Tobago Department of Surgery Sangre Grande HospitalSangre Grande 0000Trinidad and Tobago

The World Health Organisation(WHO)declared coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)a pandemic on March 11,***-19 is not the first infectious disease to affect trinidad and *** country has faced outbreaks of both Chikungunya and Zika virus in 2014 and 2016 *** viral pandemic is predicted to have a significant impact upon all countries,but the healthcare services in a developing country are especially *** Government of trinidad and tobago swiftly established a parallel healthcare system to isolate and treat suspected and confirmed cases of ***‘lockdown’orders,office closures,social distancing and face mask usage recommendation were implemented following advice from the *** approach has seen trinidad and tobago emerge from the second wave of infections,with the most recent Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker report indicating a favourable risk of openness index for the *** effects of the pandemic on the orthopaedic services in the public and private healthcare systems show significant *** by shortages in personal protective equipment and inadequate testing facilities,the public system moved into emergency mode prioritizing the care of urgent and critical *** healthcare driven more by economic considerations,quickly instituted widespread safety measures to ensure that the clinics remained open and elective surgery was not *** teaching at The university of the West Indies was quickly migrated to an online platform to facilitate both medical students and *** Caribbean Association of Orthopedic Surgeons through its frequent virtual meetings provided a forum for continuing education and social interaction amongst *** pandemic has disrupted our daily routines leading to unparalleled changes to our lives and *** of these changes will remain long after the pandemic is over,permanently transforming the practice of orthopaedics.

关键词： COVID-19 Coronavirus Orthopaedics trinidad and tobago university of the West Indies The Caribbean association of orthopaedic surgeons

In-vitro Androgenesis in Rice： Advantages, Constraints and Future Prospects

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Rice science 2016年第2期23卷 57-68页

作者： Rukmini MISHRA Gundimeda Jwala Narashima RAO Centre of Biotechnology Siksha O Anusandhan University Bhubaneswar 751003 India Reid Road Point Fortin Trinidad & Tobago 150113 West Indies

In vitro androgenesis is an important component of plant biotechnology when the pollen grains are forced to switch from their normal pollen developmental pathway towards an embryogenic route. Haploid and doubled haploid produced through androgenesis have long been recognized as a valuable tool in plant breeding as it can shorten the breeding cycle, fix agronomic characters in homozygous state and enhance the selection efficiency of useful recessive agronomic traits. Recently, doubled haploids have been largely recognized as an important component of crop improvement through genome mapping, quantitative trait locus analysis, and genetic mutation, and as targets for genetic transformation programs. Thus, this review is focused mainly on various facets of doubled haploid in the chief staple food crop rice and sights its recent applications in plant breeding, genetics and genomics.

关键词： in vitro androgenesis doubled haploid haploid rice

Sacrificial piles as a countermeasure against local scour around underwater pipelines

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Water Science and Engineering 2024年第2期17卷 187-196页

作者： Forough Raeisi Seyed Mohammad Ali Zomorodiann Masih Zolghadr Hazi Mohammad Azamathulla Department of Water Engineering Shiraz UniversityShiraz ***Iran Department of Water Sciences Engineering Jahrom UniversityJahrom ***Iran Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The University of the West IndiesSt.Augustine CampusTrinidad 331310Republic of Trinidad and Tobago

Local scour around pipelines crossing rivers or in marine environments is a significant *** can lead to failure of the pipelines resulting in environmental side effects and economic *** study developed an experimental method to reduce local scour around pipelines with a steady flow of clear water by installing cylindrical and cubical sacrificial *** sizes of sacrificial piles were examined in a linear *** piles were installed on the upstream side of the pipeline at three *** scour depth reduction rates below the pipeline were *** results showed that sacrificial piles could protect a pipeline from local scour.A portion of scoured sediment around the sacrificial piles was deposited beneath the *** sediment accumulation reduced the scour depth beneath the *** of the experimental results demonstrated that the size of piles(d),the spacing between piles,and the distance between the pipe and piles(Xp)were the variables that reduced the maximum scour beneath the pipeline with a diameter of *** the piles with d=0.40D and 0.64D,X_(p)=4OD was the optimal distance to install a group of piles,and cubical piles could mitigate scour more effectively than cylindrical piles under similar *** the piles with d=D,the greatest reduction in scour depth was achieved at X_(p)=50D with any desired spacings between piles,and cylindrical piles in this dimension could protect the pipeline against scour more effectively than cubical piles.

关键词： Clear water River crossing pipeline Local scour Self-burial process Sediment transport

Modelling the Hydrogen Inhibition Effect on Ammonia Decomposition

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2014年第4期8卷 663-670页

作者： Denver Cheddie Energy Institute University of Trinidad and Tobago Couva Trinidad and Tobago

Recently ammonia has been investigated as a fuel for SOFCs （solid oxide fuel cells）. Ammonia is widely produced and transported globally, and stores hydrogen in its bonds making it an excellent fuel for fuel cells. The high temperature of SOFCs allows for internal decomposition of ammonia. Previous models of ammonia-fed SOFCs treat ammonia decomposition as having first order dependence on ammonia partial pressure, and ignore the effect of hydrogen inhibition. However, research has shown that at low temperatures （≤ 600 ℃） and low ammonia partial pressures, the rate of ammonia decomposition is inhibited by the presence of hydrogen. This hydrogen inhibition effect was studied and implemented in a model of an ammonia decomposition reactor. Results showed that it may significantly decrease the rate of hydrogen generation. This work sets the foundation for more accurate modelling of intermediate temperature ammonia-fed SOFCs.

关键词： Temkin-pyzhev model hydrogen inhibition ammonia decomposition solid oxide fuel cells.

Trace Metals in Fine and Respirable Ambient Air Particulates on trinidad’s West Coast

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2020年第6期8卷 61-81页

作者： Himawatee Baboolal Derrick Balladin Samantha Chadee Environmental Studies and Research Programme University of Trinidad and Tobago Arima Trinidad and Tobago

The paper analyzed the concentrations of trace metals in fine and respirable particulates (fine-PM1 and PM2.5;respirable-PM10) to determine baseline concentrations in the ambient air and the factors impacting its distribution such as land use and time of year when levels may be concerning to public health. Measurements of particulates along with meteorological parameters were made at four sites over the heavily populated west coast of trinidad (10䓠'N, 61䓒'W) during March ’15-May ’16, representing rural, urban, mixed background and industrial land uses. The study found mean levels of trace metals to be highest at the industrial and urban stations. Public health exceedances (referenced to the Canadian AAQ public health standards (Ontario-MoE, 2012)) were measured for beryllium, cadmium, chromium, iron, manganese and nickel (in PM10). Iron, manganese and nickel, most associated with particulates at the industrial station, were in frequent exceedance. Beryllium—concentrated in coarse PM (PM2.5-10) with only a single measured exceedance at the mixed background station likely poses minimal threat to the health of the nearby population. Cadmium—concentrated in fine PM which peaked once only at the rural station was likely due to an irregular event within a narrow timeframe during the time of sampling. Iron and manganese were frequently above the Canadian public health threshold, but predominated in the coarse PM fraction, suggesting localised sources. Nickel, concentrated in the fine PM fraction, was frequently in exceedance particularly at the industrial station

关键词： Ambient Air Pollution Fine and Respirable Particulates Trace Metals