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SOME RECURRENCE FORMULAS FOR BOX SPLINES AND CONE SPLINES

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Analysis in Theory and Applications 2004年第4期20卷 297-306页

作者： Patrick J. Van Fleet Department of Mathematics university of st. thomas st. Paul MN 55105 USA

A degree elevation formula for multivariate simplex splines was given by Micchelli and extended to hold for multivariate Dirichlet splines in [8]. We report similar formulae for multivariate cone splines and box splines. To this end, we utilize a relation due to Dahmen and Micchelli that connects box splines and cone splines and a degree reduction formula given by Cohen, Lyche, and Riesenfeld in [2].

关键词： box spline cone spline degree elevation

Axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury in zebrafish and mammals: differences, similarities, translation

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2013年第4期29卷 402-410页

作者： Katarina Vajn Jeffery A Plunkett Alexis Tapanes-Castillo Martin oudega Departments of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation University of Pittsburgh School of Science Technology and Engineering Management St. Thomas University Departments of Neurobiology University of Pittsburgh Departments of Bioengineering University of Pittsburgh

Spinal cord injury （SCl） in mammals results in functional deficits that are mostly permanent due in part to the inability of severed axons to regenerate. Several types of growth-inhibitory molecules expressed at the injury site contribute to this regeneration failure. The responses of axons to these inhibitors vary greatly within and between organisms, reflecting axons＇ characteristic intrinsic propensity for regeneration. In the zebrafish （Danio rerio） many but not all axons exhibit successful regeneration after SCI. This review presents and compares the intrinsic and extrinsic determinants of axonal regeneration in the injured spinal cord in mammals and zebrafish. A better understanding of the molecules and molecular pathways underlying the remarkable individualism among neurons in mature zebrafish may support the development of therapies for SCI and their translation to the clinic.

关键词： spinal cord injury axonal regeneration growth inhibition functional recovery zebrafish

An evolutionary perspective on conflict and compensation in physiological and functional traits

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Current Zoology 2014年第6期60卷 755-767页

作者： Jerry F. HUSAK Simon R LAILVAUX Department of Biology University of St. Thomas 2115 Summit Avenue St Paul MN 55105 USA Department of Biological Sciences University of New Orleans 2000 Lakeshore Drive New Orleans LA 70148 USA

Physiological and functional traits, especially those related to behavior and whole-organism performance capacities, are subject to a variety of both parallel and opposing natural and sexual selection pressures. These selection pressures show considerable interspeciflc variation, shaping contemporary behavioral and functional diversity, but the form and intensity of selection on physiological and functional traits can also vary intraspecifically. The same suites of traits can experience quite different se- lection pressures, depending on the sex or age of a given individual, as well as the presence and nature of alternative reproductive strategies and tactics. These inter- and intra-locus genetic conflicts have potentially important consequences for the evolutionary trajectories of traits subject to them. Consequently, any intraspecific conflicts which could displace traits from their selective op- tima in certain classes of individuals relative to others are expected to result in selection for mechanisms to compensate for devia- tion from those optima. Such conflicts include interlocus sexual conflict, intralocus sexual conflict, and interacting phenotypes, as well as conflict within a sex. In this paper, we consider the evidence for, and implications of, such conflicts for physiological and functional traits in diverse taxa, including both vertebrates and invertebrates, and evaluate the various mechanisms, ranging from behavioral and mechanical to energetic and genetic, enabling compensation. We also discuss how pre- and post-mating conflicts, as well as interacting phenotypes, might affect the evolution of behavior and physiological and functional traits. Investigators that seek to understand the links among behavior, morphology, physiology, and function should consider such conflicts.

关键词： Sexual Conflict Compensation Sexual Selection Whole-organism Performance

Optimal timing and route of nutritional support after esophagectomy: A review of the literature

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第31期25卷 4427-4436页

作者： Richard Zheng Courtney L Devin Michael J Pucci Adam C Berger Ernest L Rosato Francesco Palazzo Department of Surgery Thomas Jefferson University Hospital.Sidney Kimmel Medical College Philadelphia University and Thomas Jefferson University

Some controversy surrounds the postoperative feeding regimen utilized in patients who undergo *** in practices during the perioperative period exists including the type of nutrition started,the delivery route,and its *** nutrition is essential for this patient population as these patients often present with weight loss and have altered eating patterns after surgery,which can affect their ability to regain or maintain *** of feeding after an esophagectomy include total parenteral nutrition,nasoduodenal/nasojejunal tube feeding,jejunostomy tube feeding,and oral *** evidence suggests that early oral feeding is associated with shorter LOS,faster return of bowel function,and improved quality of *** recovery pathways after surgery pathways after esophagectomy with a component of early oral feeding also seem to be safe,feasible,and cost-effective,albeit with limited ***,data on anastomotic leaks is mixed,and some studies suggest that the incidence of leaks may be higher with early oral *** risk of anastomotic leak with early feeding may be heavily modulated by surgical *** definitive data is currently available to definitively answer this question,and further studies should look at how these early feeding regimens vary by surgical *** review aims to discuss the existing literature on the optimal route and timing of feeding after esophagectomy.

关键词： Esophagectomy Oral feeding Early feeding Delayed feeding Enteral nutrition Esophageal cancer Jejunostomy tube Postoperative complications

Injector Quantum Dot Molecule Infrared Photodetector:A Concept for Efficient Carrier Injection

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Nano-Micro Letters 2011年第2期3卷 121-128页

作者： thomas Gebhard thomas Gebhard Photonics InstituteVienna University of Technology

Quantum dot infrared photodetectors are expected to be a competitive technology at high oper ation temperatures in the long and very long wavelength infrared spectral *** the fact that they already achieved notable success,the performance suffers from the thermionic emission of electrons from the quantum dots at elevated temperatures resulting in a decreasing *** order to provide an efficient carrier injection at high temperatures,quantum dot infrared photodetectors can be separated into two parts:an injection part and a detection part,so that each part can be separately *** order to integrate such functionality into a device,a new class of quantum dot infrared photodetectors using quantum dot molecules will be *** addition to a general discussion simulation results suggest a possibility to realize such a device.

关键词： Quantum dot infrared photodetector Injection Quantum dot molecule High temperature operation Responsivity

Chloroquine reduces Th17 cell differentiation by stimulating T-bet expression in T cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第3期18卷 779-780页

作者： Rodolfo Thome Alexandra Boehm Larissa Lumi Watanabe Ishikawa Giacomo Casella Jaqueline Munhoz Bogoljub Ciric Guang-Xian Zhang Abdolmohamad Rostami Department of Neurology Thomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA

Chloroquine(CQ)is a weak base that was originally used to treat malaria infection.1 However,recent findings have pinpointed the modulatory effect of CQ in models of chronic inflammation and viral *** antiviral effect of CQ and its derivative hydroxychloroquine has attracted great attention due to the recent Sars-CoV-2 virus outbreak.

关键词： Th17 stimulating inflammation

Reiner-Rivlin nanomaterial heat transfer over a rotating disk with distinct heat source and multiple slip effects

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2021年第10期42卷 1495-1510页

作者： A.S.SABU J.MACKOLIL B.MAHANTHESH A.MATHEW Department of Mathematics St.Thomas College(Autonomous)Thrissur 680001KeralaIndia Center for Mathematical Needs Department of MathematicsCHRIST(Deemed to be University)Bengaluru 560029KarnatakaIndia

The thermodynamic features of the Reiner-Rivlin nanoliquid flow induced by a spinning disk are analyzed *** non-homogeneous two-phase nanofluid model is considered to analyze the effect of nanoparticles on the thermodynamics of the Reiner-Rivlin nanomaterial,which also includes a temperature-dependent heat source(THS)and an exponential space-dependent heat source(ESHS).Further,the transfer of heat and mass is analyzed with velocity slip,volume fraction jump,and temperature jump boundary *** finite difference method-based routine is used to solve the complicated differential equations formed after using the von-Karman similarity *** cases of the present problem are found to be in good agreement with benchmarking *** relationship of the pertinent parameters with the heat and mass transport is scrutinized using correlation,which is further evaluated based on the probable error *** models are fitted for the friction factor at the disk and heat transport,which accurately predict the dependent *** Reiner-Rivlin nanoliquid temperature is influenced comparatively more by the ESHS than by *** Nusselt number is decreased by the ESHS and THS,whereas the friction factor at the disk is predominantly decremented by the wall roughness *** increment in the non-Newtonian characteristic of the liquid leads more fluid to drain away in the radial direction far from the disk compared with the fluid nearby the disk in the presence of the centrifugal force during *** increased thermal and volume fraction slip lowers the nanoliquid temperature and nanoparticle volume fraction profiles.

关键词： rotating surface Reiner-Rivlin fluid nanomaterial exponential space-based heat source multiple slip effect regression analysis

Microglia:a promising therapeutic target in spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 454-463页

作者： Xiaowei Zha Guoli Zheng thomas Skutella Karl Kiening Andreas Unterberg Alexander Younsi Department of Neurosurgery Heidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany Department of Neuroanatomy Institute for Anatomy and Cell BiologyHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany

Microglia are present throughout the central nervous system and are vital in neural repair,nutrition,phagocytosis,immunological regulation,and maintaining neuronal *** a healthy spinal cord,microglia are accountable for immune surveillance,however,when a spinal cord injury occurs,the microenvironment drastically changes,leading to glial scars and failed axonal *** this context,microglia vary their gene and protein expression during activation,and proliferation in reaction to the injury,influencing injury responses both favorably and unfavorably.A dynamic and multifaceted injury response is mediated by microglia,which interact directly with neurons,astrocytes,oligodendrocytes,and neural stem/progenitor *** a clear understanding of their essential nature and origin,the mechanisms of action and new functions of microglia in spinal cord injury require extensive *** review summarizes current studies on microglial genesis,physiological function,and pathological state,highlights their crucial roles in spinal cord injury,and proposes microglia as a therapeutic target.

关键词： astrocytes cytokines functional recovery immune regulation M1/M2 activation macrophages microglia neuroinflammation spinal cord injury therapy

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What Semiotics Is

Language and Semiotic studies 2015年第1期1卷 63-94页

作者： John Deely university of st.thomas

Charles Peirce compares the action of signs to what our experience of blue would have been had we been born wearing blue-tinted glasses: it is an influence on our experience that runs so deep we do not even become aware of its influence until some circumstance or other forces us to realize its action in shaping our identity and lives. For human animals, it was our becoming aware of the difference between the world as it appears to be in everyday experience and the world as it appears through telescopes and microscopes that, "slow-by-slow", forced intellectuals of modern times to recognize the need for recognizing a point of view that transcended the difference between the critical control of objectification reliant mainly upon "common experience" and the extension of that control to include the "special experiences" made possible by experimentation reliant upon instruments with results mathematically integrated. That realization marked the dawn of the postmodern era of intellectual culture, the era where it comes to be understood that the action of signs(semiosis) provides the framework for the whole of human knowledge, from its animal origins in sensation to its farthest reaches beyond the material world in the contemplation of spiritual dimensions within the physical order of being as independent of awareness by finite mind.

关键词： early intellectual culture modern philosophy modern science postmodern intellectual culture semiotics semiotic challenge