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Factors Associated with Antiretroviral Therapy Defaulting among Adult Patients Receiving Care at Chikankata Mission Hospital, Chikankata District, Zambia

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第5期12卷 340-365页

作者： Fred Paundi Emmanuel Musenge Namayipo Nankamba Department of Clinical nursing Sciences School of Nursing Sciences University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia

Background: Defaulting on antiretroviral therapy has been identified as the most important factor contributing to the antiretroviral therapy failure rate. This study aimed to investigate factors associated with defaulting on antiretroviral therapy among adult patients receiving care at Chikankata Mission Hospital antiretroviral therapy clinic. Method: Cross-sectional analytical study on 385 participants selected by a computer generated random numbers technique of simple random sampling from among the patients receiving antiretroviral therapy at Chikankata Mission Hospital. Data collected were processed and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Science version 27. Univariate and backward multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with antiretroviral therapy defaulting. The level of significance was set at 5% with a confidence level of 95%. Results: Over half (58.4%) of the study participants defaulted on antiretroviral therapy. About 65.8% of study participants indicated improved health as the reason they defaulted on antiretroviral therapy. Most participants indicated that it was important to always go for antiretroviral therapy services (Adjusted Odds Ratio 1.95;95% Confidence Interval: [1.14 - 3.33], p = 0.015). Very few participants indicated poor family support for antiretroviral therapy services (Adjusted Odds Ratio 4.08;95% Confidence Interval: [2.02 - 8.23], p Conclusion: Defaulting on antiretroviral therapy continues to be a significant problem and needs to be addressed as a matter of priority. More counselling and awareness-raising programmes are required to improve knowledge and understanding on the importance of attending scheduled antiretroviral therapy clinics and services as well as the consequences of defaulting on antiretroviral therapy.

关键词： Defaulting Antiretroviral Therapy Human Immunodeficiency Virus Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

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Qualitative exploration of home life experiences and care needs among elderly patients with temporary intestinal stomas

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第22期30卷 2893-2901页

作者： Si-Meng Wang Jian-Ling Jiang Rui Li Juan-Juan Wang Chun-Hong Gu Jia Zeng Xiao-Hui Wei Mei Chen Wuxi Medical College of Jiangnan university Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Tongren Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200335China Department of nursing Tong Ren Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200335China

BACKGROUND This study employed a phenomenological research approach within qualitative research to explore the challenges encountered by elderly individuals with temporary colostomies in managing their daily lives and care *** the anus surgery combined with temporary colostomy has emerged as a prevalent treatment modality for low rectal ***,the ileostomy is susceptible to peri-stoma skin complications,as well as fluid,electrolyte,and nutritional imbalances,posing challenges to effective *** successful selfmanagement of patients is intricately linked to their adjustment to temporary colostomy;nonetheless,there remains a dearth of research examining the factors influencing self-care among temporary colostomy patients and the obstacles they *** To investigate the lived experiences,perceptions,and care requirements of temporary colostomy patients within their home environment,with the ultimate goal of formulating a standardized management *** Over the period of June to August 2023,a purposive sampling technique was utilized to select 12 patients with temporary intestinal stomas from a tertiary hospital in Shanghai,*** a phenomenological research approach,a semi-structured interview guide was developed,and qualitative interviews were conducted using in-depth interview *** acquired data underwent coding,analysis,organization,and summarization following Colaizzi’s seven-step *** The findings of this study revealed that the experiences and needs of patients with temporary intestinal stomas can be delineated into four principal themes:Firstly,Temporary colostomy patients bear various burdens and concerns about the uncertainty of disease progression;secondly,patients exhibit limited self-care capabilities and face information deficits,resulting in heightened reliance on healthcare professionals;thirdly,patients demonstrate the potential for internal motivation through proactive self-adj

关键词： Elderly Temporary intestinal stomas Life experiences Intestinal ostomy complications Qualitative study

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不同营养评估指标对老年缺血性脑卒中患者抑郁的预测作用及护理启示

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International Journal of nursing Sciences 2024年第3期11卷 349-356,I0003页

作者：胡守娣高茂凤何俞谢小华 school of nursing Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina

目的调查相关营养评估指标与卒中后抑郁(poststroke depression,PSD)的关系,分析营养指标预测老年缺血性脑卒中患者发生PSD的表现,为护理人员早期识别PSD高危患者,优化脑卒中管理,改善预后提供参考依据。方法于2022年9月至2023年5月在... 详细信息

目的调查相关营养评估指标与卒中后抑郁(poststroke depression,PSD)的关系,分析营养指标预测老年缺血性脑卒中患者发生PSD的表现,为护理人员早期识别PSD高危患者,优化脑卒中管理,改善预后提供参考依据。方法于2022年9月至2023年5月在深圳市1所医院神经内科选取239例老年缺血性脑卒中患者为研究对象。采用自行设计的问卷,收集患者一般人口学资料及疾病相关信息;采用白蛋白、微型营养评定简表(Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form,MNA-SF)、老年营养风险指数(Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index,GNRI)评估患者的营养状况;采用医院焦虑抑郁量表的抑郁分量表(Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression,HADS-D)评估卒中后抑郁情况。采用二元逻辑回归分析,分析卒中后抑郁相关影响因素,并采用受试者工作特征曲线分析方法比较营养指标的表现。结果老年缺血性脑卒中患者平均年龄为71.10±7.41岁,男性占66.5%(159/239),PSD发生率为32.6%(78/239)。不同营养指标的低值组PSD的发生率显著大于高值组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。二元逻辑回归分析表明白蛋白(OR,0.681;95%CI,0.508~0.913,P=0.010)、GNRI(OR,1.238;95%CI,1.034~1.483,P=0.020)、MNA-SF(OR,0.708;95%CI,0.614~0.815,P<0.001)是影响PSD的因素(P<0.05)。白蛋白、GNRI和MNA-SF 3个指标联合预测老年缺血性脑卒中患者PSD的ROC曲线下面积最大,有较高的区分度(AUC,0.738;敏感度为75.6%,特异度为60.9%)。结论由白蛋白、GNRI、MNASF联合组成的营养评价指标可作为预测老年缺血性脑卒中营养不良患者发生PSD风险的辅助工具。需要护理人员在更多样化的患者群体中进行进一步的验证,以证明预测的准确性。

关键词：老年人抑郁缺血性卒中营养不良护士

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Research Progress on the Association between Schizophrenia and Toxoplasma gondii Infection

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期37卷 647-660页

作者： Yiting Zhu Xiaohui Yang Miaoru Chen Yu Hu Yunfeng Chang Xiang Wu Department of Forensic Medicine Science Xiangya School of Basic MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha 410013HunanChina nursing Department The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangsha 410013HunanChina Department of Basic Medicine Science Xiangya School of Basic MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha 410013HunanChina Department of Parasitology Xiangya School of Basic MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha 410013HunanChina

Toxoplasma gondii(*** or Tg),is an obligatory intracellular parasite with humans as its intermediate *** recent years,significant correlations between *** infection and schizophrenia have been reported,including the possible mediating ***,mechanisms and hypotheses focus on central neurotransmitters,immunity,neuroinflammation,and epigenetics;however,the exact underlying mechanisms remain *** this article,we review the studies related to *** infection and schizophrenia,particularly the latest research *** on dopamine(DA)and other neurotransmitters,the blood-brain barrier,inflammatory factors,disease heterogeneity,and other confounders is also *** addition,we also summarized the results of some new epidemiological investigations.

关键词： Toxoplasma gondii Schizophrenia Neurotransmitters Neuroinflammation Immunity Epigenetics

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The Implications of Artificial Intelligence on Infection Prevention and Control: Current Progress and Future Perspectives

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China CDC weekly 2024年第35期6卷 901-904页

作者： Lin Yang Shuya Lu Lei Zhou school of nursing The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention BeijingChina

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence(AI)has significantly impacted infection prevention and control,particularly amid the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic(1).AI techniques such as machine learning(ML),deep learning,and natural language processing(NLP)have successfully transformed infection prevention and control strategies(1).These technologies have enhanced our understanding of infectious diseases,facilitated disease transmission prediction,and improved public health emergency responses(2).

关键词： has such prevention

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移动健康应用程序对冠心病患者临床结局和健康行为的影响:系统评价

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International Journal of nursing Sciences 2024年第2期11卷 258-275,I0003页

作者：朱忆宁赵宇涵吴瑛 school of nursing Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

目的系统评价基于移动健康应用程序的干预对冠心病患者临床结果和健康行为的影响。方法检索PubMed、Embase等10个数据库及临床试验注册平台中相关的随机对照试验,检索时限为建库至2023年12月31日。由2名研究者独立进行文献筛选、资料提... 详细信息

目的系统评价基于移动健康应用程序的干预对冠心病患者临床结果和健康行为的影响。方法检索PubMed、Embase等10个数据库及临床试验注册平台中相关的随机对照试验,检索时限为建库至2023年12月31日。由2名研究者独立进行文献筛选、资料提取、文献质量评价,采用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入34篇文献,包括5319例患者。Meta分析结果显示:使用移动健康应用程序能有效改善冠心病患者心脏缺血事件发生率(RR=0.68,P=0.03),再入院率(RR=0.56,P<0.001),总胆固醇(WMD=-0.19,P=0.030),甘油三酯(WMD=-0.24,P<0.001),腰围(WMD=-1.92,P=0.01),焦虑(WMD=-6.70,P<0.001)和抑郁自我评分(WMD=-7.87,P<0.001),同时提高左室射血分数(WMD=6.50,P<0.001)、最大摄氧量(WMD=1.89,P<0.001)、六分钟步行距离(WMD=19.43,P=0.004)、Morisky服药依从性评分(WMD=0.96,P=0.004)和依从率(RR=1.24,P=0.03);但对低密度脂蛋白、血压、体重指数等其他指标的效果尚不明确。结论移动健康应用程序不仅能够降低冠心病患者心脏缺血事件发生率和入院率,还能改善血脂水平、心功能、服药依从性和焦虑抑郁症状等。

关键词：冠心病健康行为移动应用程序远程医疗

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Research progress of pain catastrophizing in patients with lumbar disc herniation

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Frontiers of nursing 2024年第3期11卷 253-258页

作者： Ting Xiong Long-Fan Piao school of nursing Yanbian UniversityYanbianJilin 133000China Department of Surgery School of NursingYanbian UniversityYanbianJilin 133000China

Pain catastrophization is one of the negative emotional factors and an important psychological factor associated with patients with lumbar disc herniation(LDH).Currently,the concept of pain catastrophization of LDH is relatively mature abroad;however,there are only few research studies on this in *** understand the status quo of pain catastrophization(PC)in patients with LDH and its influencing factors,the intervention measures of PC and their efficacy were further *** the present paper,the research status of PC at home and abroad is briefly expounded,and the influencing factors and clinical intervention measures for PC are *** paper reviews the concept of PC,the assessment tools,influencing factors,and the relevant intervention *** order to evaluate the pain degree of patients,understand the incidence of pain in patients,and improve the cure rate and quality of life of patients,the basic situation of patients with pain disaster is summarized to provide reference for medical personnel.

关键词： lumbar disc herniation measure nursing pain pain catastrophizing pain factor

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医务人员对老年头颈癌患者实施术前预立医疗照护计划的观点:Q方法

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International Journal of nursing Sciences 2024年第2期11卷 162-170,I0001页

作者：杨慧贤段睿睿丁永霞徐晶田艳芝 school of nursing Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina

目的调查头颈外科医务人员对老年头颈癌手术患者术前实施预立医疗照护计划的观点。方法采用Q方法,结合量性和质性方法探索和分析参与者的态度。参与者对半结构式访谈和文献综述产生的35个Q陈述进行排序,并在后续的半结构式访谈中解释排... 详细信息

目的调查头颈外科医务人员对老年头颈癌手术患者术前实施预立医疗照护计划的观点。方法采用Q方法,结合量性和质性方法探索和分析参与者的态度。参与者对半结构式访谈和文献综述产生的35个Q陈述进行排序,并在后续的半结构式访谈中解释排序原因,分析数据形成因子序列以说明参与者的观点。结果共有15名医务人员参与本研究,包括8名医生和7名护士。医务人员对术前实施预立医疗照护计划的观点各不相同,分为3类:维护患者的自主权,患者的知识和传统文化背景影响术前实施预立医疗照护计划,缺乏实施术前预立医疗照护计划的信心。结论尽管本研究中头颈外科医护人员能够认识到术前讨论预立医疗照护计划的益处,但患者认知水平的限制、传统文化价值观、医护人员能力不足及相关法律和政策不健全等因素导致这些医护人员对术前咨询和与患者讨论预立医疗照护计划存有疑虑。未来的研究应探讨克服术前预立医疗照护计划讨论障碍的策略。

关键词：老年人预立医疗照护计划手术头颈癌安宁疗护

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Potential effects of aerosol generation and transmission during bedside endoscope cleaning

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Journal of Zhejiang university-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第7期25卷 628-632页

作者： Tingting SHENG Xin WU Li CEN Ye LU Chenying ZHOU Qing GU nursing Department the First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China Department of Gastroenterology the First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Hangzhou 310051China

Airborne transmission is among the most frequent types of nosocomial *** years have witnessed frequent outbreaks of airborne diseases,such as severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS)in 2002,Middle East respiratory syndrome(MERS)in 2012,and coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),with the latter being on the rampage since the end of 2019 and bringing the effect of aerosols on health back to the fore(Gralton et al.,2011;Wang et al.,2021).An increasing number of studies have shown that certain highly transmissible pathogens can maintain long-term stability and efficiently spread through aerosols(Leung,2021;Lv et al.,2021).As reported previously,influenza viruses that can spread efficiently through aerosols remain stable for a longer period compared to those that *** World Health Organization(WHO)has stated that aerosol-generating procedures(AGPs)play an important role in aerosol transmission in hospitals(Calderwood et al.,2021).AGPs,referring to medical procedures that produce aerosols,including dental procedures,endotracheal intubation,sputum aspiration,and laparoscopic surgeries,have been reported to be significantly associated with an increased risk of nosocomial infection among medical personnel(Hamilton,2021).

关键词： Endoscopy Endoscopic surgery Aerosol transmission Bedside endoscope precleaning

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Assessing the Levels of Clinical Reasoning Skills Using Self-Assessment of Clinical Reflection and Reasoning in Undergraduate nursing Students: A Descriptive Comparative Study

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Open Journal of nursing 2024年第7期14卷 283-297页

作者： Omero G. Mwale Patricia K. Mukwato Marjorie K. Makukula‡ The school of nursing The University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia The Department of Basic and Clinical nursing The University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia

Background: Clinical reasoning is a critical cognitive skill that enables undergraduate nursing students to make clinically sound decisions. A lapse in clinical reasoning can result in unintended harm to patients. The aim of the study was to assess and compare the levels of clinical reasoning skills between third year and fourth year undergraduate nursing students. Methods: The study utilized a descriptive comparative research design, based on the positivism paradigm. 410 undergraduate nursing students were systematically sampled and recruited into the study. The researchers used the Self-Assessment of Clinical Reflection and Reasoning questionnaire to collect data on clinical reasoning skills from third- and fourth-year nursing students while adhering to ethical principles of human dignity. Descriptive statistics were done to analyse the level of clinical reasoning and an independent sample t-test was performed to compare the clinical reasoning skills of the student. A p value of 0.05 was accepted. Results: The results of the study revealed that the mean clinical reasoning scores of the undergraduate nursing students were knowledge/theory application (M = 3.84;SD = 1.04);decision-making based on experience and evidence (M = 4.09;SD = 1.01);dealing with uncertainty (M = 3.93;SD = 0.87);reflection and reasoning (M = 3.77;SD = 3.88). The mean difference in clinical reasoning skills between third- and fourth-year undergraduate nursing students was not significantly different from an independent sample t-test scores (t = −1.08;p = 0.28);(t = −0.29;p = 0.73);(t = 1.19;p = 0.24);(t = −0.57;p = 0.57). Since the p-value is >0.05, the null hypothesis (H0) “there is no significantno significant difference in clinical reasoning between third year and fourth year undergraduate nursing students”, was accepted. Conclusion: This study has shown that the level of clinical reasoning skills of the undergraduate nursing students was moderate to low. This meant that the teaching method

关键词： Clinical Competences Clinical Reasoning Skills Undergraduate nursing Student

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