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Managing Macular Holes in a Developing Economy

Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2015年第3期5卷 139-144页

作者： Bassey Fiebai Chinyere N. Pedro-Egbe Department of Ophthalmology University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital Port Harcourt Nigeria

Background: Macular holes are the common cause of visual impairment especially in the elderly and have a variety of etiological factors. The advances in the management of macular holes are encouraging and are now available in developing countries although scarce, where hitherto;patients seek attention outside their country. The need to understand this disease has therefore become pertinent in all retina clinics. Objective: To evaluate the pattern of presentation of macular holes and its management in a retina clinic in South South Nigeria. Methods: A 5 year retrospective, non comparative review of 24 consecutive cases presenting to a retinal clinic was carried out. Relevant information was extracted from the medical records and analyzed. Results: Three hundred and sixty four cases were seen between January 2009 and December 2013. Twenty four cases had macular holes and ten (41.7%) had bilateral presentation with a total of 34 eyes. The incidence of macular holes was 6.6%. The mean age was 46 years (SD ± 13.42) with a female preponderance, 5:1. Idiopathic holes formed the bulk of the cases 14(58.3%);others were trauma 4(16.7%), posterior uveitis 2, (8.3%), chemotherapy 2 (8.3%), Solar retinopathy and retinitis pigmentosa 1 (4.2%). Nineteen (55.9%) of the 34 eyes were visually impaired (BCVA <6/18). Nineteen eyes had full thickness holes (55.9%) requiring surgery, however only 3(12.5%) of these could afford to have surgery with one reoperation. Four patients (16.7%) had complications in form of retinal detachments at presentation. Conclusion: This study has shown that the incidence of macular holes in the developing world is significant and resources to manage these cases are grossly lacking. Specialist training, with government subsidizing costs will alleviate these difficulties and reduce visual loss from macular holes.

关键词： Developing Economy Macula Hole Pattern Management

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Prune Belly Syndrome: A Ten-Year Single Tertiary Centre Experience in South-South, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Urology 2023年第1期13卷 18-29页

作者： Abhulimen Victor Gbobo Isesoma Francis Division of Urology Department of Surgery University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital Port Harcourt Nigeria Paediatric Surgery Unit Department of Surgery University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital Port Harcourt Nigeria

Background: Prune belly syndrome (PBS) is a congenital anomaly that consists of a triad of abdominal wall defect, bilateral cryptorchidism, and urinary tract dilation. The disease is of varying severity. This study aims to highlight the challenges and peculiarities in the management of PBS in a resource-poor setting. Materials and Methods: This is a ten-year retrospective study conducted at the university of port harcourt teaching hospital. Ethical approval for the study was sought and gotten from the hospital’s ethical committee. The information gotten included history, duration of symptoms, examination findings, age of the patient, category of disease, and intraoperative findings. The data from the folders were collected and evaluated. Frequencies, percentages, the mean and standard deviation were used to summarize the data as appropriate. Results: Fifteen patients were included in the study. The hospital incidence of PBS was 112/100,000, twelve males and three females. The age range was from 1 day to 15 years, mean age was 14 months ± 2.3 months. Most patients presented between 3 months and 2 years and 11 months. Twelve patients had category three PBS and five patients had associated anomalies. Eleven male patients died after 5 years of follow-up from progressive renal deterioration. The female patient fared better than the males. Conclusion: PBS is rare, most patients with the condition present late. The most common cause of mortality was progressive renal deterioration.

关键词： Prune Belly Syndrome Renal Deterioration Late Presentation

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Prevalence of Medication Non-Adherence among Psychiatric Patients in a Tertiary hospital in Nigeria

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2017年第4期5卷 1-10页

作者： Chidozie Donald Chukwujekwu Olufisayo Kola Adesokun Department of Neuropsychiatry University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital Port Harcourt Nigeria

Background: The consequences of non-adherence to prescribed medications by psychiatric patients for both patients and the health care system are myriad and grave. Aim: The study was designed to ascertain the prevalence of medication non-adherence among psychiatric patients and identify factors that aid this malady. Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional study was carried out within a 4 month period at the out-patient psychiatric clinic of the university of port harcourt teaching hospital;using the Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS) and a self designed questionnaire containing socio-demographic and psychiatric illness variables. Results: A total number of 111 patients who participated in the study were analyzed. The cohort comprises 22 (19.8%) schizophrenics, 38 (34.2%) mood disorder patients, 24 (21.6%) anxiety disorder patients, 10 (9.0%) patients suffering from substance abuse and 17 (15.3%) with other psychiatric diagnoses (somatoform and personality disorders). Most of the patients were male (53;47.7%), aged between 21 - 30 yrs (44;39.6%), unemployed (38;34.2%), as single (58;52.3%). The prevalence of non-adherence to medications among the cohort studied is 39.6%. There was a significant association between consistency in taking one’s medications and MARS scores but none between socio-demographic variables and MARS score. Conclusion: The rate of medication non adherence among the subjects in this study was 39.6%. The three most important reasons reported for this behaviour include: Feeling that they had recovered from their illness and hence have been cured, belief that their illness was of a spiritual origin and hence would not be amenable to orthodox medicine and the side effects of the medications. Non adherence to medication increases the risk of psychiatric morbidity and mortality and efforts at curbing this trend must be eclectic.

关键词： Medication Non-Adherence Psychiatric Prevalence Subject

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Vascular cognitive impairment, a cardiovascular complication

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世界精神病学杂志 2016年第2期6卷 199-207页

作者： Adiukwu Frances Ofori Sandra Ugbomah Lucy Department of Neuropsy- chiatry University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital Department of Internal Medicine University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital

Over the past two decades, the term vascular cognitive impairment(VCI) has been used to refer to a spectrum of cognitive decline characterized by executive dysfunction, associated with vascular pathology. With 30% of stroke survivors showing cognitive impairments, it is regarded as the most common cause of cognitive impairment. This is a narrative review of available literature citing sources from Pub Med, MEDLINE and Google Scholar. VCI has a high prevalence both before and after a stroke and is associated with great economic and caregiver burden. Despite this, there is no standardized diagnostic criteria for VCI. Hypertension has been identified as a risk factor for VCI and causes changes in cerebral vessel structure and function predisposing to lacuna infarcts and small vessel haemorrhages in the frontostriatal loop leading to executive dysfunction and other cognitive impairments. Current trials have shown promising results in the use of antihypertensive medications in the management of VCI and prevention of disease progression to vascular dementia. Prevention of VCI is necessary in light of the looming dementia pandemic. All patients with cardiovascular risk factors would therefore benefit from cognitive screening with screening instruments sensitive to executive dysfunction as well as prompt and adequate control of hypertension.

关键词： Vascular dementia Leukoaraiosis White matter hyperintensities Cognitive screening Neurodegeneration

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Application of Basin Morphometry Laws in catchments of the south-western quadrangle of south-eastern Nigeria

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2013年第3期7卷 361-374页

作者： A.O AISUEBEOGUN I.C EZEKWE Department of Geography and Environmental Management Niger Delta University Wilberforce Island 560001 Nigeria Department of Geography and Environmental Management University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt 500001 Nigeria

The relationship between process and form has been at the core of research in fluvial geomorphology. Form-process relationships of a natural river basin are strongly influenced by its hydrologic and sedimentologic processes as basin morphometric properties of length, shape, and relief, change in response to various hydrologic stimuli from the environment, but usually in line with well established laws. In the four fiver basins （Orashi, Otamiri, Sombreiro, New Calabar） examined in this study, however, empirical evidence does not conform neatly with theoretical postulates. Remarkable variations are noted in the molphometric properties of the catchments, when compared with established morphometric laws. The most varied in conformity are the Orashi and New Calabar basins, although the Sombreiro and Otamiri catchments also show some level of variation. Prime explanation for the morphometric and topographic non-conformity is caused by the nature of surficial material and the profoundly shallow relief of much of the study area, especially the alluvial flood and deltaic plains to the south and south-west of the study area.

关键词： catchments watershed morphology morpho- metric analysis Nigeria Africa

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Management of Meatal Stenosis in port harcourt: A Ten-Year Retrospective Study

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Open Journal of Urology 2022年第8期12卷 411-420页

作者： Gbobo Isesoma Francis Abhulimen Victor Paediatric Surgery Unit Department of Surgery University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital Port Harcourt Nigeria Division of Urology Department of Surgery University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital Port Harcourt Nigeria

Background: Circumcision is the removal of the fore skin of the penis. It is one of the commonest operations performed worldwide. Meatal stenosis is an uncommon long-term complication of circumcision that can lead to problems voiding. Aim: To identify the clinical presentations and management of meatal stenosis in port harcourt. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients who presented with features of meatal stenosis between January 2012 and December 2021. The patients’ history, physical examination findings, investigations and treatment received were analysed. Results: A total of 52 patients with features of meatal stenosis were recruited for the study. The number of patients less than a year old, between a year and 5 years, between 6 and 10 years and greater than 11 years were 8, 12, 28 and 4 respectively. Only 8 patients presented within 6 months of onset of symptoms. The most common symptom was poor urine stream, followed by straining. Meatotomy was the most commonly performed procedure for meatal stenosis 24 (46.15%). The patients were followed up for at least 6 months. Six patients had recurrence after treatment of meatal stenosis. Three patients each had a recurrence following dilatation and meatotomy. No patient had recurrence after meatoplasty. Conclusion: Meatal stenosis is an uncommon complication post circumcision. Patients usually present late to the hospital in our study. Meatoplasty had the best outcome. After treatment of meatal stenosis patients should be followed up for 6 months.

关键词： Circumcision Meatal Stenosis Poor Urine Stream

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Basilic vein variation encountered during surgery for arm vein port:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第12期12卷 2086-2091页

作者： Cheng-Da Hu Rui Lv Ya-Xin Zhao Ming-Hao Zhang Hong-Dou Zeng Yi-Wen Mao Department of Breast Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Venous variations are uncommon and usually hard to identify,and basilic vein variation is particularly *** vein variation usually presents without any clinical symptoms and is often regarded as a benign *** case was a patient with congenital basilic vein variation encountered during surgery for an infusion *** SUMMARY We documented and analyzed an uncommon anatomical variation in the basilic vein encountered during arm port *** peculiarity has hitherto remained undescribed in the *** offer remedial strategies for addressing this anomaly in the future and precautionary measures to circumvent its *** conducted a comprehensive review of analogous cases in the literature,offering pertinent therapeutic recommendations and solutions,with the aim of enhancing the efficacy and safety of future arm port *** Venous variation is rare and requires detailed intraoperative and postoperative examination to ensure accuracy,so as not to affect subsequent treatment.

关键词： Totally implantable venous access ports Arm ports Venous variation Postoperative breast cancer Systematic review Case report

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Contraceptive Trends and Preferred Methods among Users in port harcourt, Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2017年第8期5卷 97-107页

作者： John Dimkpa Ojule Dagogo Semenitari Abam Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital Port Harcourt Nigeria

Background: Family planning has clearly been a major public health success as evidenced by substantial fertility decline and reductions in maternal mortality in countries with high contraceptive prevalence rates. Nigerian governments have continued to expand the scope and improve accessibility and availability of contraceptive commodities to improve uptake, giving the numerous benefits. Objective: To determine the trends in contraceptive usage and the preferred method among clients visiting the family planning clinic of university of port harcourt teaching hospital (UPTH), Nigeria. Method: It was a cross sectional study of all clients who accepted contraceptive methods at the UPTH, between 1st January 2000 and 31st December, 2015. Results: During the period, a total of 9190 clients accepted contraceptive methods, and 40,334 women were delivered in the maternity unit giving an acceptance rate of 1 in 4 deliveries or 22.8%. The acceptors of modern contraceptives increased steadily from 491 clients in 2001 to a peak in 2008 with 1477 clients and sharply declined to 381 in 2009 before increasing gradually again to 519 clients in 2015. The most commonly used method was the male condom by 3194 clients (37.9%), followed by injectables, which was accepted by 2185 clients (23.8%) while 1752 clients (19.1%) used the IUD. Implant contraceptive was used by 915 clients (9.9%), followed by oral contraceptive pills used by 547 (6.0%). Female sterilization was the least commonly used method by 302 clients (3.3%). There was no vasectomy over the 15 years period. Conclusion: Contraceptive trend in port harcourt has an ambivalent acceptance pattern. Although male condom and injectable contraceptives are the most commonly used method over time, the subdermal implants are increasingly becoming very popular in recent time. Female sterilization remains the least common method with no record of vasectomy.

关键词： Contraceptive Methods Contraception Trends port harcourt Niger Delta Nigeria

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Kinetics of Cd^(2+) and Cr^(3+) Sorption from Aqueous Solutions Using Mercaptoacetic Acid Modified and Unmodified Oil Palm Fruit Fibre (Elaeis guineensis) Adsorbents

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2007年第4期12卷 485-492页

作者： A. A. Abia E. D. Asuquo Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry University of Port Harcourt B. M. B. 5323 Choba Port Harcourt Nigeria

The kinetics of the sorption of Cd^2＋ and CF^3＋ from aqueous solutions by mercaptoacetic acid modified and unmodified oil palm fruit fibre adsorbents were investigated. The results indicate that sorption equilibrium was reached within 60 min for both metals. Also, the removal efficiency of the three adsorbents was observed to increase for both metals with stronger treatments with mercaptoacetic acid. This may be attributed to the influence of the thiolation of the adsorbents. Furthermore, Cr^3＋ had higher removal percentages than Cd^2＋ for all the adsorbents. The sorption mechanism based on the intraparticle diffusion model shows that Cd^2＋ sorption is better described than Cr^3＋. The intraparticle diffusion rate constants, Kid, for Cd^2＋ are 62.04 min^-1 （untreated）, 67.01 min^-1 （treated with 0.5 mol/L mercaptoacetic acid）, and 71.43 min^-1 （treated with 1.0 mol/L mercaptocacetic acid） while those for Cr^3＋ are 63.41 min^-1 （untreated）, 65.79 min （0.5 mol/L acid treated）, and 66.25 min^-1 （1.0 mol/L acid treated）.

关键词： kinetics adsorbent agricultural by-products oil palm fruit fibre heavy metals

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Exact Solutions of Schr¨odinger Equation with Improved Ring-Shaped Non-Spherical Harmonic Oscillator and Coulomb Potential

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2016年第5期65卷 569-574页

作者： Akpan Ndem Ikot Ita O.Akpan T.M.Abbey Hassan Hassanabadi Theoretical Physics Group Department of PhysicsUniversity of Port HarcourtPMB 5323 Choba Port HarcourtNigeria Department of Physics University of CalabarNigeria Department of Physics University of ShadroodShahroodIran

We propose improved ring shaped like potential of the form,V（r,θ）=V（r）＋（h^2/2M r^2）[（βsin^2θ＋γcos^2θ＋2λ）/sinθcosθ]^2 and its exact solutions are presented via the Nikiforov–Uvarov *** angle dependent part V（θ）=（h^2/2M r^2）[（βsin^2θ＋γcos^2θ＋λ）/sinθcosθ]^2,which is reported for the first time embodied the novel angle dependent（NAD）potential and harmonic novel angle dependent potential（HNAD）as special *** discuss in detail the effects of the improved ring shaped like potential on the radial parts of the spherical harmonic and Coulomb potentials.

关键词： improved ring shaped like potential Schr¨odinger equation Nikiforov–Uvarov method

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